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López-Lugo VH, García-Hipólito M, Rodríguez-Gómez A, Alonso-Huitrón JC. Fabrication of Li-Doped NiO Thin Films by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis and Its Application in Light-Emitting Diodes. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:197. [PMID: 36616107 PMCID: PMC9823520 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of NiO films by different routes is important to extend and improve their applications as hole-transporting layers in organic and inorganic optoelectronic devices. Here, an automated ultrasonic pyrolysis spray method was used to fabricate NiO and Li-doped NiO thin films using nickel acetylacetonate and lithium acetate dihydrate as metal precursor and dimethylformamide as solvent. The effect of the amount of lithium in the precursor solution on the structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties were studied. XRD results reveal that all the samples are polycrystalline with cubic structure and crystallite sizes in the range of 21 to 25 nm, without any clear trend with the Li doping level. AFM analysis shows that the crystallites form round-shaped aggregates and all the films have low roughness. The optical transmittance of the films reaches values of 60% to 77% with tendency upward as Li content is increased. The electrical study shows that the films are p-type, with the carrier concentration, resistivity, and carrier mobility depending on the lithium doping. NiO:Li (10%) films were successfully incorporated into inorganic light emitting diodes together with Mn-doped ZnS and ZnO:Al films, all deposited on ITO by the same ultrasonic spray pyrolysis technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Hugo López-Lugo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, A.P. 70-360, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Manuel García-Hipólito
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, A.P. 70-360, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Arturo Rodríguez-Gómez
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, A.P. 20-364, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Alonso-Huitrón
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, A.P. 70-360, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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Tippo P, Thongsuwan W, Wiranwetchayan O, Kumpika T, Kantarak E, Singjai P. Influence of Co concentration on properties of NiO film by sparking under uniform magnetic field. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15690. [PMID: 32973228 PMCID: PMC7515867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72883-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Nickel oxide (NiO) films cover numerous electronic applications, including transparent conducting oxides and hole transport layer, because of its high transparency and wide band gap. A sparking discharge is a new and unique method for the deposition of NiO films due to non-complex operation and non-requirement of a vacuum atmosphere. Unfortunately, NiO films by the sparking method display a porous surface with inferior crystallinity. By assisting a uniform magnetic field in the sparking method, the porous and the crystallinity of NiO are improved. However, electrical properties of the NiO films deposited by this strategy are poor. In order to improve the electrical properties of NiO, a substitutional of Ni ions by Co ions is considered. In this study, we report an influence of Co concentration on properties of NiO films by sparking under a uniform magnetic field. Our results indicate that an increase in Co concentration to 0.1 M improves the crystallinity and increases a carrier concentration of NiO, resulting in a reduction of the resistivity. This consequence is in agreement with the increase in a number of higher-valence Ni3+ because of the Co2+ substituted Ni2+. Based on our research, Co-NiO film is promising materials for a transparent conductor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Posak Tippo
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Graduate School, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Wiradej Thongsuwan
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Orawan Wiranwetchayan
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Tewasin Kumpika
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Ekkapong Kantarak
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Pisith Singjai
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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