1
|
Abdelmoneim D, Eldomany EB, El-Adl M, Farghali A, El-Sayed G, El-Sherbini ES. Possible protective effect of natural flavanone naringenin-reduced graphene oxide nanosheets on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03495-9. [PMID: 39414698 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03495-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 09/25/2024] [Indexed: 10/18/2024]
Abstract
Utilizing naringenin as a safe, natural compound for reducing graphene oxide and to determine whether Nar-RGO more effectively mitigates the harmful effects of HFFD-induced NAFLD compared to crude naringenin. Using a straightforward experimental setup, we utilize the bioactive flavonoid naringenin (NAR) as the reducing agent to synthesize naringenin-reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (Nar-RGO). Naringenin loading on graphene oxide was validated using electroscopic methods (SEM and TEM) and zeta potential measurements. Utilization of reduced graphene oxide for naringenin encapsulation resulted in a significant improvement in hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and signs of inflammation in HFFD-induced NAFLD compared to crude naringenin. This study demonstrates that Nar-RGO exhibits significantly greater efficacy compared to free naringenin. Therefore, it can be used as a promising medicine in counteracting high-fat-fructose diet (HFFD)-induced NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doaa Abdelmoneim
- Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Ehab B Eldomany
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Adl
- Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Farghali
- Material Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt
| | - Gehad El-Sayed
- Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - El Said El-Sherbini
- Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Marunganathan V, Kumar MSK, Kari ZA, Giri J, Shaik MR, Shaik B, Guru A. Marine-derived κ-carrageenan-coated zinc oxide nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and apoptosis induction in oral cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:89. [PMID: 38184807 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09146-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kappaphycus alvarezii, a marine red algae species, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its versatile bioactive compounds. Among these, κ-carrageenan (CR), a sulfated polysaccharide, exhibits remarkable antimicrobial properties. This study emphasizes the synergism attained by functionalizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) with CR, thereby enhancing its antimicrobial efficacy and target specificity against dental pathogens. METHODS In this study, we synthesized ZnO-CR NPs and characterized them using SEM, FTIR, and XRD techniques to authenticate their composition and structural attributes. Moreover, our investigation revealed that ZnO-CR NPs possess better free radical scavenging capabilities, as evidenced by their effective activity in the DPPH and ABTS assay. RESULTS The antimicrobial properties of ZnO-CR NPs were systematically assessed using a zone of inhibition assay against dental pathogens of S. aureus, S. mutans, E. faecalis, and C. albicans, demonstrating their substantial inhibitory effects at a minimal concentration of 50 μg/mL. We elucidated the interaction between CR and the receptors of dental pathogens to further understand their mechanism of action. The ZnO-CR NPs demonstrated a dose-dependent anticancer effect at concentrations of 5 μg/mL, 25 μg/mL, 50 μg/mL, and 100 μg/mL on KB cells, a type of Human Oral Epidermal Carcinoma. The mechanism by which ZnO-CA NPs induced apoptosis in KB cells was determined by observing an increase in the expression of the BCL-2, BAX, and P53 genes. CONCLUSION Our findings unveil the promising potential of ZnO-CR NPs as a candidate with significant utility in dental applications. The demonstrated biocompatibility, potent antioxidant and antiapoptotic activity, along with impressive antimicrobial efficacy position these NPs as a valuable resource in the ongoing fight against dental pathogens and oral cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanitha Marunganathan
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Meenakshi Sundaram Kishore Kumar
- Department of Anatomy, Biomedical Research Unit and Laboratory Animal Centre (BRULAC), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India
| | - Zulhisyam Abdul Kari
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Agro‑Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600, Jeli, Malaysia
- Faculty of Agro‑Based Industry, Advanced Livestock and Aquaculture Research Group, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600, Jeli, Malaysia
| | - Jayant Giri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yeshwantrao Chavan College of Engineering, Nagpur, India
| | - Mohammed Rafi Shaik
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Baji Shaik
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Boopathi S, Haridevamuthu B, Mendonca E, Gandhi A, Priya PS, Alkahtani S, Al-Johani NS, Arokiyaraj S, Guru A, Arockiaraj J, Malafaia G. Combined effects of a high-fat diet and polyethylene microplastic exposure induce impaired lipid metabolism and locomotor behavior in larvae and adult zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 902:165988. [PMID: 37549705 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MP), tiny plastic particles, can be ingested by fish through their habitat or contaminated food sources. When combined with a high-fat diet (HFD), MP exposure may lead to increased MP accumulation in fish and negative impacts on their health. However, the underlying mechanisms of how MP and HFD interact to promote fat accumulation in fish remain poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the combined effect of HFD and polyethylene MP (PE-MP) in the zebrafish model (Danio rerio) and decipher its molecular mechanisms. Adult zebrafish exposed to the combined HFD and PE-MP showed elevated lipid accumulation, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and abnormal swimming behavior compared to HFD-fed fish. Histological and gene expression analysis revealed severe hepatic inflammation and injury, resembling nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the HFD + PE-MP exposed zebrafish. Moreover, HFD and PE-MP exposure upregulated genes related to lipogenesis (SREBP1, FAS, and C/EBPα) and inflammation (tnfα, il1β, and il-6) in the liver. These findings underscore the interactive effect of environmental pollutants and fish diet, emphasizing the importance of improving fish culture practices to safeguard fish health and human consumers from microplastic contamination through the food chain. This research sheds light on the complex interactions between microplastics and diet, providing valuable insights into the potential risks of microplastic pollution in aquatic ecosystems and the implications for human health. Understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms will contribute to international research efforts to mitigate the adverse effects of microplastics on both environmental and public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seenivasan Boopathi
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Haridevamuthu
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Edrea Mendonca
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Akash Gandhi
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Snega Priya
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saad Alkahtani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Norah S Al-Johani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Selvaraj Arokiyaraj
- Department of Food Science & Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Ajay Guru
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Chennai 600 077, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Jesu Arockiaraj
- Toxicology and Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Humanities, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Chengalpattu District, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|