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Eguren C, Navarro-Blasco A, Corral-Forteza M, Reolid-Pérez A, Setó-Torrent N, García-Navarro A, Prieto-Merino D, Núñez-Delegido E, Sánchez-Pellicer P, Navarro-López V. A Randomized Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of an Oral Probiotic in Acne Vulgaris. Acta Derm Venereol 2024; 104:adv33206. [PMID: 38751177 PMCID: PMC11110809 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v104.33206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The relevance of the gut microbiota in some skin inflammatory diseases, including acne vulgaris, has been emphasized. Probiotics could play a role in the modulation of the microbiota, improving the clinical course of this disease. A 12-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial with patients aged 12 to 30 years with acne vulgaris was conducted. The study product was a capsule composed of the probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (CECT 30031) and the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis (BEA_IDA_0074B). Patients with improvement in the Acne Global Severity Scale were 10/34 (29.41%) in the placebo group compared with 20/40 (50%) in the probiotic group (p = 0.03). A significant reduction (p = 0.03) in the number of non-inflammatory acne lesions was observed in the probiotic group (-18.60 [-24.38 to -12.82]) vs the placebo group (-10.54 [-17.43 to -3.66]). Regarding the number of total lesions, a reduction almost reaching statistical significance (p = 0.06) was observed in the probiotic group (-27.94 [-36.35 to -19.53]) compared with the placebo group (-18.31 [-28.21 to -8.41]). In addition, patients with improvement attending the Global Acne Grading System were 7/34 (20.58%) in the placebo group vs 17/40 (42.50%) in the probiotic group (p = 0.02). The number of adverse events was similar in both groups. The probiotic used in this study was effective and well tolerated, and it should be considered for acne vulgaris patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Eguren
- Department of Dermatology, Eguren Dermatology and Aesthetics Clinic, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Núria Setó-Torrent
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Sagrat Cor, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Eva Núñez-Delegido
- Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Vicente Navarro-López
- Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia (UCAM), Murcia, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Vinalopó-Fisabio, Elche, Spain.
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Kim HJ, Kim YH. Exploring Acne Treatments: From Pathophysiological Mechanisms to Emerging Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5302. [PMID: 38791344 PMCID: PMC11121268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a common dermatological condition that can present across different ages but predominantly affects adolescents and young adults. Characterized by various lesion types, the pathogenesis of acne is complex, involving genetic, hormonal, microbial, and inflammatory factors. This review comprehensively addresses current and emerging acne management strategies, emphasizing both topical and systemic treatments, procedural therapies, and dietary modifications. Key topical agents include retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics, and other specialized compounds. Systemic options like antibiotics, hormonal therapies, and retinoids offer significant therapeutic benefits, particularly for moderate to severe cases. Procedural treatments such as laser devices, photodynamic therapy, chemical peels, and intralesional injections present viable alternatives for reducing acne symptoms and scarring. Emerging therapies focus on novel biologics, bacteriophages, probiotics, and peptides, providing promising future options. This review underscores the importance of personalized approaches to treatment due to the multifaceted nature of acne, highlighting the potential of innovative therapies for improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jee Kim
- Department of Dermatology, International St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yeong Ho Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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3
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Boby A, Lee G, Natarelli N, Correa L. Using probiotics to treat acne vulgaris: systematic review. Arch Dermatol Res 2024; 316:101. [PMID: 38472474 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-02836-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleena Boby
- USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, 560 Channelside Drive, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA.
| | - Grace Lee
- USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, 560 Channelside Drive, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Nicole Natarelli
- USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, 560 Channelside Drive, Tampa, FL, 33602, USA
| | - Lilia Correa
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, USF Health Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
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Liang L, Qi X, Jiang X, Chen T, Dong L. Lactobacillus plantarum MH-301 as an effective adjuvant to isotretinoin in the treatment of acne vulgaris: a randomized and open-label trail. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1340068. [PMID: 38264057 PMCID: PMC10803606 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1340068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acne vulgaris is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease originating in the sebaceous gland units of the skin follicles. Isotretinoin is presently the primary choice for the treatment of acne vulgaris. However, it could induce several adverse reactions like diarrhea, cheilitis, headache, elevated triglyceride levels and risk of inflammatory bowel disease and depression. Hence, it is imperative to seek an alternative therapy. Methods One hundred five patients were randomly divided into 3 groups, and received a baseline treatment of oral doxycycline for the initial 4 weeks. Group I received isotretinoin oral for 12 weeks; Group P received oral Lactobacillus plantarum MH-301 treatment for 12 weeks; Group IP received combined treatment with oral probiotics and oral isotretinoin for 12 weeks. The number of skin lesions was recorded at 0, 4, 8, and 12 weeks during the treatment to compare the efficacy of each intervention, and skin and fecal samples were collected from patients at 12 weeks for high-throughput sequencing to explore the microbiota differences between various groups. Results Our results revealed that the combination of L. plantarum MH-301 with isotretinoin significantly reduced the number of skin lesions in patients compared to using L. plantarum MH-301 and isotretinoin alone (p < 0.001). Additionally, skin microbiome High-throughput analysis indicated the restorative effects of L. plantarum MH-301 on skin microbial diversity while also observing a reduction in the main microbiota of skin lesions, Propionibacterium and Corynebacterium. Meanwhile, gut microbiome High-throughput analysis showed that it could regulate disorders of the intestinal microbiota and increased the abundance of probiotics such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Coprococcus and Bacteroides genera. Conclusion In conclusion, L. plantarum MH-301 could be used in combination with isotretinoin for optimal results in the treatment of acne vulgaris. The research conducted provides theoretical and data support for the adjuvant effect of L. plantarum in the treatment of acne vulgaris. Clinical Trial Registration [ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier (ChiCTR2200063499).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital (Fifth Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xinyue Qi
- Institute of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institution of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoke Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital (Fifth Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Bioengineering Drugs and the Technologies, Institution of Translational Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Lina Dong
- Core Laboratory, Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital (Fifth Hospital) of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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Alyoussef A. The Impact of Consuming Probiotics and Following a Vegetarian Diet on the Outcomes of Acne. Cureus 2024; 16:e51563. [PMID: 38313941 PMCID: PMC10835645 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Acne vulgaris is a common skin condition that affects millions of people worldwide. While the exact cause of acne is not fully understood, it is believed to be influenced by various factors such as the skin microbiome, host immunity, hormones, genetics, and possibly diet. There are several treatment options for acne, including antibiotics and vitamin A derivatives (retinoids). However, these treatments can have side effects, such as dryness, redness, and peeling of the skin. The relationship between diet and acne remains somewhat controversial. Studies have found that Western societies have a higher incidence of acne than non-Western societies, which is believed to be due to dietary differences. Several experiments were conducted to target the skin microbiome and treat acne with the hope of using probiotics orally or topically to regulate the immune response and reduce inflammation in acne. In addition, studies have shown that a plant-based diet can benefit individuals with acne. Avoiding dairy consumption is one of the most effective dietary changes for reducing acne. As part of our investigation, we conducted a review to determine the effect of probiotics and vegetarian diets on acne.
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Shields A, Ly S, Wafae B, Chang YF, Manjaly P, Archila M, Heinrich C, Drake L, Mostaghimi A, Barbieri JS. Safety and Effectiveness of Oral Nutraceuticals for Treating Acne: A Systematic Review. JAMA Dermatol 2023; 159:1373-1382. [PMID: 37878272 PMCID: PMC11015159 DOI: 10.1001/jamadermatol.2023.3949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Importance Patients with acne are interested in nutraceuticals as a potential treatment option. However, there is uncertainty regarding the efficacy and safety of these products. Objective To evaluate the evidence for oral nutraceuticals in the treatment of acne. Evidence Review The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science databases were searched from inception through January 30, 2023, to identify randomized clinical trials evaluating oral nutraceutical interventions (ie, vitamins and minerals, botanical extracts, prebiotics, and probiotics) in individuals with acne. Clinician-reported outcomes (eg, investigator global assessment, lesion counts), patient-reported outcomes (eg, quality of life), and adverse events were extracted from the included studies. The quality of evidence was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias checklist tool for randomized clinical trials. Based on the Risk of Bias tool, articles were converted to Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality standards of good, fair, or poor quality. Findings A total of 2582 abstracts were identified in the database search, 42 of which met inclusion criteria (a total of 3346 participants). Studies of fair or good quality showed the potential benefit of vitamins B5 and D, botanical extracts (green tea), probiotics, and ω-3 fatty acids in the treatment of acne. These interventions were most frequently associated with decreased lesion counts or improved investigator global assessment scores. Adverse effects were rare for most of the therapies evaluated, but gastrointestinal tract adverse effects were reported for zinc therapy. Conclusions and Relevance This systematic review suggests a possible role for nutraceutical supplements in the treatment of acne. Physicians should be prepared to discuss the evidence regarding the potential role of nutraceuticals with patients. Many studies were of small size, and future research should focus on larger randomized clinical trials to assess the utility of nutraceuticals in the treatment of acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Shields
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Sophia Ly
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Bruna Wafae
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Yu-Feng Chang
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Priya Manjaly
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Marjorie Archila
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Lara Drake
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Arash Mostaghimi
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John S Barbieri
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
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Cruz S, Vecerek N, Elbuluk N. Targeting Inflammation in Acne: Current Treatments and Future Prospects. Am J Clin Dermatol 2023; 24:681-694. [PMID: 37328614 PMCID: PMC10460329 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-023-00789-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Acne is a common, chronic inflammatory condition affecting millions of people worldwide, with significant negative impact on quality of life and mental health. Acne is characterized by comedones, inflammatory papules, pustules, and nodulocystic lesions, with long-lasting sequelae including scarring and dyspigmentation, the latter of which is more common in skin of color. The four main pillars of acne pathophysiology include alteration of sebum production and concentration, hyperkeratinization of the follicular unit, Cutibacterium acnes strains, and an inflammatory immune response. Newer research has provided greater insight into these pathophysiologic categories. This greater understanding of acne pathogenesis has led to numerous new and emerging treatment modalities. These modalities include combinations of existing treatments, repurposing of existing agents historically used for other conditions, new topical treatments, novel antibiotics, topical and oral probiotics, and various procedural devices. This article will provide an overview of emerging treatments of acne and their link to our current and improved understanding of acne pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Cruz
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 830 S Flower St Ste 100, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA
| | - Natalia Vecerek
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 830 S Flower St Ste 100, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA
| | - Nada Elbuluk
- Department of Dermatology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 830 S Flower St Ste 100, Los Angeles, CA, 90017, USA.
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8
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Fernandes A, Rodrigues PM, Pintado M, Tavaria FK. A systematic review of natural products for skin applications: Targeting inflammation, wound healing, and photo-aging. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 115:154824. [PMID: 37119762 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Every day the skin is constantly exposed to several harmful factors that induce oxidative stress. When the cells are incapable to maintain the balance between antioxidant defenses and reactive oxygen species, the skin no longer can keep its integrity and homeostasis. Chronic inflammation, premature skin aging, tissue damage, and immunosuppression are possible consequences induced by sustained exposure to environmental and endogenous reactive oxygen species. Skin immune and non-immune cells together with the microbiome are essential to efficiently trigger skin immune responses to stress. For this reason, an ever-increasing demand for novel molecules capable of modulating immune functions in the skin has risen the level of their development, particularly in the field of natural product-derived molecules. PURPOSE In this review, we explore different classes of molecules that showed evidence in modulate skin immune responses, as well as their target receptors and signaling pathways. Moreover, we describe the role of polyphenols, polysaccharides, fatty acids, peptides, and probiotics as possible treatments for skin conditions, including wound healing, infection, inflammation, allergies, and premature skin aging. METHODS Literature was searched, analyzed, and collected using databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. The search terms used included "Skin", "wound healing", "natural products", "skin microbiome", "immunomodulation", "anti-inflammatory", "antioxidant", "infection", "UV radiation", "polyphenols", "polysaccharides", "fatty acids", "plant oils", "peptides", "antimicrobial peptides", "probiotics", "atopic dermatitis", "psoriasis", "auto-immunity", "dry skin", "aging", etc., and several combinations of these keywords. RESULTS Natural products offer different solutions as possible treatments for several skin conditions. Significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were reported, followed by the ability to modulate immune functions in the skin. Several membrane-bound immune receptors in the skin recognize diverse types of natural-derived molecules, promoting different immune responses that can improve skin conditions. CONCLUSION Despite the increasing progress in drug discovery, several limiting factors need future clarification. Understanding the safety, biological activities, and precise mechanisms of action is a priority as well as the characterization of the active compounds responsible for that. This review provides directions for future studies in the development of new molecules with important pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical value.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fernandes
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
| | - P M Rodrigues
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - M Pintado
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - F K Tavaria
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
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9
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Barrea L, Cacciapuoti S, Megna M, Verde L, Marasca C, Vono R, Camajani E, Colao A, Savastano S, Fabbrocini G, Muscogiuri G. The effect of the ketogenic diet on Acne: Could it be a therapeutic tool? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:6850-6869. [PMID: 36779329 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2176813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit resulting from androgen-induced increased sebum production, altered keratinization, inflammation, and bacterial colonization of the hair follicles of the face, neck, chest and back by Propionibacterium acnes. Overall, inflammation and immune responses are strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of acne. Although early colonization with Propionibacterium acnes and family history may play an important role in the disease, it remains unclear exactly what triggers acne and how treatment affects disease progression. The influence of diet on acne disease is a growing research topic, yet few studies have examined the effects of diet on the development and clinical severity of acne disease, and the results have often been contradictory. Interestingly, very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) has been associated with both significant reductions in body weight and inflammatory status through the production of ketone bodies and thus it has been expected to reduce the exacerbation of clinical manifestations or even block the trigger of acne disease. Given the paucity of studies regarding the implementation of VLCKD in the management of acne, this review aims to provide evidence from the available scientific literature to support the speculative use of VLCKD in the treatment of acne.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, Napoli, Italy
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Cacciapuoti
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Matteo Megna
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Ludovica Verde
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Marasca
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Melanoma, Cancer Immunotherapy and Development Therapeutics Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori IRCCS Fondazione "G. Pascale" Via Mariano Semmola, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Camajani
- PhD Programme in Endocrinological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Fabbrocini
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Dermatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Naples, Italy
- Cattedra Unesco "Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile", University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Topical application of bacteriocins from Bacillus subtilis promotes Staphylococcus aureus decolonization in acneic skin and improves the clinical appearance of mild-to-moderate acne. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2023; 40:115-118. [PMID: 36909897 PMCID: PMC9993192 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2022.124108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with mild-to-moderate acne are frequently colonized by Staphylococcus aureus on their skin, which alters microenvironmental skin conditions and exacerbates disease symptoms. Bacteriocins produced by Bacillus subtilis may act as antimicrobial peptides against Gram-positive bacteria. Aim To investigate whether topical application of bacteriocins from B. subtilis could serve as a potential strategy for promoting S. aureus decolonization from acneic skin. Material and methods The research product was a cream formulation containing 1% bacteriocins from B. subtilis. First, we conducted a 60-day pilot study on the effect of topically applied bacteriocins from B. subtilis on the absolute abundance of S. aureus in 12 patients with mild-to-moderate acne. Second, we designed an 8-week, uncontrolled, open-label, multicentre clinical study to investigate whether the topical application of bacteriocins from B. subtilis reduces the number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions, as well as Global Acne Grading Scale (GAGS) scores, in 373 patients with mild-to-moderate acne. Results At the microbiological level, quantitative PCR showed a decrease in the absolute abundance of S. aureus in acne areas after topical application of the research product for 60 days (-38%, p < 0.001). In the clinical study, the number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions was found to decrease at 8 weeks by 59% (p < 0.001) and 58% (p < 0.001), respectively, compared with baseline. A 56% decrease was observed for GAGS scores. Conclusions Topical bacteriocins from B. subtilis can promote S. aureus decolonization in acneic skin, ultimately improving the clinical appearance of mild-to-moderate acne.
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11
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Cui H, Guo C, Wang Q, Feng C, Duan Z. A pilot study on the efficacy of topical lotion containing anti-acne postbiotic in subjects with mild -to -moderate acne. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:1064460. [PMID: 36569166 PMCID: PMC9780477 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1064460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Acne can compromise facial esthetics and become a mental burden, especially when it occurs in puberty. Skincare cosmetics with anti-acne efficiency is more convenient than other treatment modalities, such as dietary supplements, in certain circumstances. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of an anti-acne lotion in alleviating acne. Methods In our study, an anti-acne lotion containing ferment lysate produced by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum VHProbi® E15 were applied to subjects with mild -to -moderate acne over 4 weeks. The efficacy was evaluated based on instrumental measurements using Visia®-CR and CK-MPA® system. Results and discussion The anti-acne lotion exhibited favorable safety, meeting the stringent criteria for the detection of microbes, heavy metals, toxicity, and irritation. After 2 weeks of treatment, a statistically significant improvement in acne lesions was observed compared to baseline (P < 0.01), and this continued to the end of the study. After 4 weeks of treatment, the transepidermal water loss (P < 0.05) and sebum production (P < 0.05) were significantly decreased in subjects compared to baseline. In addition, the pore/area of interest (AOI) and stratum corneum hydration displayed slightly positive changes throughout treatment. Thus, we conclude that applying topical anti-acne lotion may be safe and confer effective benefits in people with mild -to -moderate acne and represents a promising therapeutic option for acne.
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12
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Acne, Microbiome, and Probiotics: The Gut–Skin Axis. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10071303. [PMID: 35889022 PMCID: PMC9318165 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10071303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this narrative review was to check the influence of the human microbiota in the pathogenesis of acne and how the treatment with probiotics as adjuvant or alternative therapy affects the evolution of acne vulgaris. Acne is a chronic inflammatory skin disease involving the pilosebaceous units. The pathogenesis of acne is complex and multifactorial involving genetic, metabolic, and hormonal factors in which both skin and gut microbiota are implicated. Numerous studies have shown the bidirectionality between the intestinal microbiota and skin homeostasis, a communication mainly established by modifying the immune system. Increased data on the mechanisms of action regarding the relevance of Cutibacterium acnes, as well as the importance of the gut–skin axis, are becoming known. Diverse and varied in vitro studies have shown the potential beneficial effects of probiotics in this context. Clinical trials with both topical and oral probiotics are scarce, although they have shown positive results, especially with oral probiotics through the modulation of the intestinal microbiota, generating an anti-inflammatory response and restoring intestinal integrity, or through metabolic pathways involving insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1). Given the aggressiveness of some standard acne treatments, probiotics should continue to be investigated as an alternative or adjuvant therapy.
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