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Ohtsuki M, Okubo Y, Saeki H, Igarashi A, Imafuku S, Abe M, Chaudhari S, Yaguchi M, Emoto A, Morita A. Safety and effectiveness of apremilast in Japanese patients with psoriatic disease: Results of a post-marketing surveillance study. J Dermatol 2024; 51:950-963. [PMID: 38775204 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.17270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
The safety and efficacy of apremilast in psoriatic disease has been demonstrated in clinical trials, including in Japanese patients. This post-marketing surveillance study was conducted after approval of apremalast in Japan in 2016 to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the drug in Japanese patients with plaque psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) in routine clinical practice. Patients (enrolled between September 1, 2017, and August 31, 2019), were observed for 12 months after apremilast treatment initiation or until discontinuation or withdrawal. Safety was assessed by evaluating adverse reactions (ARs) and serious ARs. Effectiveness measures in PsO included the proportion of patients who achieved global improvement and Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) scores of 0/1 and the change from baseline in the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) after 6 and 12 months treatment. The safety analysis set included 1063 patients (PsO, n = 992; PsA, n = 127). ARs and serious ARs were reported in 29.4% and 0.7% of patients, respectively; most occurred <1 month after apremilast initiation. There were no reports of fatal ARs, serious infections, hypersensitivity, or vasculitis. No new safety signals were identified. Among the key survey items, gastrointestinal disorders were the most common ARs (21.3%). In patients with PsO, after 6 and 12 months of treatment, effectiveness rates of achieving highly effective or effective global improvement of were 90.9% and 93.8%; PGA 0/1 was achieved by 42.7% and 58.1% of patients; mean decrease from baseline in total DLQI score was 4.2 (p < 0.0001) and 5.7 (p < 0.0001), respectively. Effectiveness was evaluated in a small number of patients with PsA for some measures; after 6 and 12 months of treatment, improvements were observed in global improvement effectiveness rates, Disease Activity Score in 28 Joints score, Visual Analog Scale score, and DLQI score. We conclude that orally administered apremilast was well tolerated and effective in Japanese patients with PsO and/or PsA enrolled in this post-marketing surveillance study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamitaro Ohtsuki
- Department of Dermatology, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Yukari Okubo
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidehisa Saeki
- Department of Dermatology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Akimichi Morita
- Department of Geriatric and Environmental Dermatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Aichi, Japan
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Abe M, Okubo Y, Takahashi H, Endo K, Chaudhari S, Deignan C, Amouzadeh H, Hino R. Consistent Efficacy of Apremilast in Patients with Psoriasis Regardless of Baseline Disease Severity or Special Area Involvement: Subgroup Analysis from PROMINENT. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2024; 14:1587-1597. [PMID: 38801606 PMCID: PMC11169178 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-024-01179-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Psoriasis involvement in special areas (e.g., scalp or nails) is associated with a great disease burden yet it is often inadequately treated with topical treatments. The efficacy and tolerability of apremilast plus existing topical therapy in Japanese patients with mild to moderate plaque psoriasis were demonstrated in PROMINENT, a phase 3b, multicenter, open-label, single-arm study. We evaluated the efficacy of apremilast across disease severities and special areas involved in these patients. METHODS In PROMINENT, patients received apremilast 30 mg twice daily for 16 weeks in addition to their existing topical therapy, with the option of topical therapy reduction at the discretion of their physician while continuing apremilast treatment from Weeks 16 to 32. We performed a post hoc analysis, assessing apremilast efficacy and safety in Japanese patients stratified by baseline static Physician Global Assessment (sPGA) score (2 [mild] or 3 [moderate]) and special area involvement. RESULTS Of patients with baseline sPGA = 2 and sPGA = 3, 62.7% and 30.7%, respectively, achieved sPGA score 0 or 1 at Week 32. At Week 32, improvements in skin, nail, scalp, and quality of life assessments were observed regardless of baseline sPGA score. Improvements in these endpoints at Week 32 were also observed in patients with special area (scalp or nail) involvement (n = 134). Incidence of adverse events was similar between patients with baseline sPGA = 2 and sPGA = 3. CONCLUSIONS Apremilast in combination with topical therapy may be a beneficial treatment for Japanese patients, who have limited systemic treatment options for mild to moderate psoriasis or psoriasis in special areas. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03930186.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Abe
- Sapporo Skin Clinic, Chuo-ku Minami 3 Jo Nishi 2-1-1 H&B Plaza Building 5F, Sapporo, Japan.
| | | | | | - Koki Endo
- The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Ryosuke Hino
- Hino Dermatology Clinic, Fukutsu, Japan
- University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
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Merola JF, Parish LC, Guenther L, Lynde C, Lacour JP, Staubach P, Cheng S, Paris M, Picard H, Deignan C, Jardon S, Chen M, Papp KA. Efficacy and safety of apremilast in patients with moderate-to-severe genital psoriasis: Results from DISCREET, a phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Am Acad Dermatol 2024; 90:485-493. [PMID: 37852306 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2023.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genital psoriasis can be stigmatizing, is highly prevalent among patients with psoriasis, and has limited treatment options. Apremilast is a unique oral immunomodulating phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor approved for psoriasis treatment. OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of apremilast 30 mg twice daily in patients with genital psoriasis. METHODS DISCREET, a phase 3, placebo-controlled trial (NCT03777436), randomized patients with moderate-to-severe genital psoriasis (stratified by affected body surface area <10% or ≥10%) to apremilast or placebo for a 16-week period, followed by an apremilast extension period. Week 16 results are presented. RESULTS Patients were randomized to apremilast (n = 143) or placebo (n = 146). At Week 16, 39.6% and 19.5% of apremilast and placebo patients, respectively, achieved a modified static Physician Global Assessment of Genitalia response (primary endpoint; score of 0/1, ≥2-point reduction); treatment difference was significant (20.1%, P = .0003). Improvements in genital signs and symptoms, skin involvement, and quality of life were observed. Common treatment-emergent adverse events were diarrhea, headache, nausea, and nasopharyngitis. LIMITATIONS Lack of active-comparator. CONCLUSIONS Apremilast demonstrated statistically and clinically meaningful genital Physician Global Assessment responses and improvement of signs, symptoms, severity, and quality of life in this first randomized, controlled study of an oral systemic treatment in patients with genital psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph F Merola
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Dermatology and Department of Medicine and Associate Program Director, Combined Medicine-Dermatology Residency Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | | | | | - Charles Lynde
- Chief Medical Director, Lynde Institute for Dermatology, Markham, Ontario, Canada; Probity Medical Research, Markham, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Petra Staubach
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sue Cheng
- Global Development, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Maria Paris
- Global Patient Safety, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Hernan Picard
- Global Development, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, California
| | | | - Shauna Jardon
- Medical Affairs, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Mindy Chen
- Global Development, Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, California
| | - Kim A Papp
- Alliance Clinical Trials and Probity Medical Research, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada; Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Tsiogkas SG, Karamitrou EK, Grammatikopoulou MG, Zafiriou E, Bogdanos DP. Efficacy of tyrosine-kinase-2 and phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors for scalp psoriasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Med Res Opin 2024; 40:155-163. [PMID: 37997745 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2023.2288280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Psoriasis of the scalp is challenging to manage. The only approved oral tyrosine kinase 2 and phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors for psoriasis are deucravacitinib and apremilast. The aim of this study was to explore their efficacy for scalp psoriasis utilizing data from randomized controlled trials. METHODS We searched Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov up to August 4, 2023. To determine risk of bias, the revised Risk of Bias assessment tool 2.0 was used. Inverse variance random effects meta-analyses were executed. Heterogeneity was assessed utilizing Q and I2 statistics. Pre-determined outcomes included the proportion of participants with cleared scalp skin (Scalp Physician's Global Assessment [ScPGA] of 0/1), mean change in Psoriasis Scalp Severity Index (PSSI), and mean improvement in Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). RESULTS Ten RCTs fulfilled inclusion criteria. Both apremilast (RR = 2.41, 95% CI = 2.08-2.79, Tau2 = 0, I2 = 0) and deucravacitinib (RR = 3.86, 95% CI = 3.02-4.94, Tau2 = 0, I2 = 0) were more effective in inducing ScPGA of 0/1 at 16 weeks compared to placebo. Furthermore, deucravacitinib was more effective than apremilast (RR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.44-2.00, Tau2 = 0, I2 = 0). An analysis could not be executed for the rest of the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Apremilast and deucravacitinib are effective for scalp psoriasis. Deucravacitinib may be more efficient in clearing the scalp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios G Tsiogkas
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Maria G Grammatikopoulou
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efterpi Zafiriou
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios P Bogdanos
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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Crowley EL, Gooderham MJ. Phosphodiesterase-4 Inhibition in the Management of Psoriasis. Pharmaceutics 2023; 16:23. [PMID: 38258034 PMCID: PMC10819567 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common chronic immune-mediated disease with many comorbidities and impacts on quality of life. Among the treatments for psoriasis, phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitors are emerging with expanding options. PDE4 inhibitors play a pivotal role in the inflammatory cascade by degrading cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), contributing to pro-inflammatory mediator production. Apremilast, an oral PDE4 inhibitor, is approved for psoriasis. While effective, its adverse effects can limit its utility. Roflumilast, a topical PDE4 inhibitor, was also recently approved for psoriasis and shows promise in clinical trials. Crisaborole, a PDE4 inhibitor approved for atopic dermatitis, has also been studied in psoriasis. This review summarizes evidence from randomized clinical trials regarding the efficacy and safety of PDE4 inhibitors in psoriasis treatment. By highlighting their potential benefits and limitations, this review provides valuable insights for clinicians and researchers aiming to optimize psoriasis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika L. Crowley
- Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia Okanagan, 3333 University Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada;
| | - Melinda J. Gooderham
- SKiN Centre for Dermatology, 775 Monaghan Rd, Peterborough, ON K9J 5K2, Canada
- Probity Medical Research, 139 Union St E, Waterloo, ON N2J 1C4, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Queen’s University, 99 University Ave, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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Hwang JK, Ricardo JW, Lipner SR. Efficacy and Safety of Nail Psoriasis Targeted Therapies: A Systematic Review. Am J Clin Dermatol 2023; 24:695-720. [PMID: 37209391 DOI: 10.1007/s40257-023-00786-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nail changes are frequent clinical findings in patients with cutaneous psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, often causing significant impairments in quality of life. Numerous targeted therapies have been previously studied for treatment of nail psoriasis, however, newer agents have not been captured in prior systematic reviews. With over 25 new studies published since 2020, the landscape of nail psoriasis systemic treatments is rapidly evolving, warranting analysis of recently approved therapies. METHODS An updated systematic review of all PubMed and OVID database studies assessing efficacy and safety of targeted therapies for nail psoriasis was performed, with the goal of incorporating clinical data of recent trials and newer agents, namely brodalumab, risankizumab, and tildrakizumab. Eligibility criteria included clinical human studies reporting at least one of the nail psoriasis clinical appearance outcomes (Nail Psoriasis Severity Index, modified Nail Psoriasis Severity Index). RESULTS A total of 68 studies on 15 nail psoriasis targeted therapeutic agents were included. Biological agents and small molecule inhibitors included TNF-alpha inhibitors (adalimumab, infliximab, etanercept, certolizumab, golimumab), IL-17 inhibitors (ixekizumab, brodalumab, secukinumab), IL-12/23 inhibitors (ustekinumab), IL-23 inhibitors (guselkumab, risankizumab, tildrakizumab), PDE-4 inhibitors (apremilast), and JAK inhibitors (tofacitinib). These agents all demonstrated statistically significant improvements in nail outcome scores, compared with placebo or with baseline values, at weeks 10-16 and weeks 20-26, with some studies assessing efficacy up to week 60. Safety data for these agents were acceptable and consistent with known safety profiles within these timepoints, with nasopharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infections, injection site reactions, headache, and diarrhea being the most reported adverse events. Specifically, the newer agents, brodalumab, risankizumab, and tildrakizumab, showed promising outcomes for treatment of nail psoriasis on the basis of current data. CONCLUSION Numerous targeted therapies have shown significant efficacy in improving nail findings in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Data from head-to-head trials have shown greater efficacy of ixekizumab over adalimumab and ustekinumab, as well as brodalumab over ustekinumab, while prior meta-analyses have demonstrated superiority of ixekizumab and tofacitinib to other included agents at various assessed timepoints. Further studies on the long-term efficacy and safety of these agents, as well as randomized controlled trials involving comparison with placebo arms, are needed to fully analyze differences in efficacy of newer agents compared with previously established therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan K Hwang
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Dermatology, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jose W Ricardo
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Dermatology, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Shari R Lipner
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Dermatology, 1305 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
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