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Long LF, Zhao QF, Zhang FL, Tang R, Wei JB, Guan S, Chen Y. Inhibitory effect of benzocaine from Schisandra chinensis on Alternaria alternata. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6691. [PMID: 38509170 PMCID: PMC10954763 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57237-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical effects of Schisandra chinensis against human disease are well-documented; however, studies on its application in controlling plant pathogens are limited. Here, we investigated its inhibitory effect on the growth of Alternaria alternata, a fungus which causes significant post-harvest losses on apples, known as black spot disease. S. chinensis fruit extract exhibited strong inhibitory effects on the growth of A. alternata with an EC50 of 1882.00 mg/L. There were 157 compounds identified in the extract by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, where benzocaine constituted 14.19% of the extract. Antifungal experiments showed that the inhibitory activity of benzocaine on A. alternata was 43.77-fold higher than the crude extract. The application of benzocaine before and after A. alternata inoculation on apples prevented the pathogen infection and led to mycelial distortion according to scanning electron microscopy. Transcriptome analysis revealed that there were 4226 genes differentially expressed between treated and untreated A. alternata-infected apples with benzocaine. Metabolomics analysis led to the identification of 155 metabolites. Correlation analysis between the transcriptome and metabolome revealed that benzocaine may inhibit A. alternata growth via the beta-alanine metabolic pathway. Overall, S. chinensis extract and benzocaine are environmentally friendly plant-based fungicides with potential to control A. alternata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fang Long
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, College of Bioscience and Resources Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Qi Fang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, College of Bioscience and Resources Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Fu Long Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Kingbo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Bayannur, 015200, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Ran Tang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, College of Bioscience and Resources Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jia Bao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, College of Bioscience and Resources Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Shan Guan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, College of Bioscience and Resources Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture in North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China, College of Bioscience and Resources Environment, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China.
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Brasilterpenes A-E, Bergamotane Sesquiterpenoid Derivatives with Hypoglycemic Activity from the Deep Sea-Derived Fungus Paraconiothyrium brasiliense HDN15-135. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20050338. [PMID: 35621989 PMCID: PMC9143538 DOI: 10.3390/md20050338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Five bergamotane sesquiterpenoid derivatives, brasilterpenes A-E (1-5), bearing an unreported spiral 6/4/5 tricyclic ring system, were isolated from the deep sea-derived ascomycete fungus Paraconiothyrium brasiliense HDN15-135. Their structures, including absolute configurations, were established by extensive spectroscopic methods complemented by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and density-functional theory (DFT) calculations of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data including DP4+ analysis. The hypoglycemic activity of these compounds was assessed using a diabetic zebrafish model. Brasilterpenes A (1) and C (3) significantly reduced free blood glucose in hyperglycemic zebrafish in vivo by improving insulin sensitivity and suppressing gluconeogenesis. Moreover, the hypoglycemic activity of compound 3 was comparable to the positive control, anti-diabetes drug rosiglitazone. These results suggested brasilterpene C (3) had promising anti-diabetes potential.
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Zhang SM, Hu K, Li XN, Sun HD, Puno PT. Lignans and sesquiterpenoids from the stems of Schisandra bicolor var. tuberculate. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2022; 12:19. [PMID: 35552885 PMCID: PMC9098724 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-022-00342-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A pair of new tetrahydrofuran lignan enantiomers, (±)-schibiculatin A [(±)-1], a new enedione lignan, schibiculatin B (2), two new cadinane-type sesquiterpenoids, schibiculatins C (3) and D (4), along with two known seco-cadinane-type sesquiterpenoids (5 and 6) and seven known miscellaneous lignans (7-13) were isolated from the stems of Schisandra bicolor var. tuberculate. The structures of 1-4 were elucidated by comprehensive analysis of their spectroscopic data, quantum chemical calculations, as well as single-crystal X-ray diffraction. A few isolated compounds were tested for their protective activities against corticosterone-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Among them, compounds 5 and 6 showed moderate activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shui-Mei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10039, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao-Nian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Dong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Pema-Tenzin Puno
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Bioactive tetrahydrofuran lignans from roots, stems, leaves and twigs of Anogeissus rivularis. Fitoterapia 2021; 151:104885. [PMID: 33766743 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.104885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Four previously undescribed tetrahydrofuran lignans, named anorisols A-D (1-4) and fourteen known compounds (5-18) were isolated from the roots, stems, leaves and twigs of Anogeissus rivularis. The chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of their spectroscopic data and by comparison with the literature data. The absolute configurations of 1-4 were established by comparison of the experimental ECD spectra with the calculated ECD spectra. Some isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity as well as anti-HIV-1 activity employing reverse transcriptase (RT) and syncytium reduction assays using the ΔTat/RevMC99 virus in 1A2 cell line systems. Compound 6 displayed the most potent activity in syncytium inhibition assay with effective concentration at 50% (EC50) value of 13.3 μM (SI >3.0). In the reverse transcriptase assay, compound 1 exhibited moderate activity with IC50 value of 213.9 μM.
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Ma RF, Hu K, Ding WP, Wang B, He TB, Li XN, Sun HD, Puno PT. Schipropins A-J, structurally diverse triterpenoids from Schisandra propinqua. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 182:112589. [PMID: 33352309 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Schipropins A-J, a series of undescribed lanostane and cycloartane-type triterpenoids, were isolated from the stems and leaves of Schisandra propinqua. Their structures, most of which were characterized by C-3/C-4 cleavage, were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses. Noteworthily, the absolute configurations of schipropins A, D-G, and I were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, schipropins E and G were found to possess moderate NO production inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Fen Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10039, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ping Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10039, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao-Bin He
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10039, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Nian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Dong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Pema-Tenzin Puno
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
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