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Cheng W, Huang Y, Gao H, Bold B, Zhang T, Yang D. Marine Natural Products as Novel Treatments for Parasitic Diseases. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2024. [PMID: 38554166 DOI: 10.1007/164_2024_712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Parasitic diseases including malaria, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis have received significant attention due to their severe health implications, especially in developing countries. Marine natural products from a vast and diverse range of marine organisms such as sponges, corals, molluscs, and algae have been found to produce unique bioactive compounds that exhibit promising potent properties, including antiparasitic, anti-Plasmodial, anti-Leishmanial, and anti-Trypanosomal activities, providing hope for the development of effective treatments. Furthermore, various techniques and methodologies have been used to investigate the mechanisms of these antiparasitic compounds. Continued efforts in the discovery and development of marine natural products hold significant promise for the future of novel treatments against parasitic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbing Cheng
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yanbing Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Haijun Gao
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China
- Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital (Affiliated Fifth People's Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/The Second Clinical Medical College), Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bolor Bold
- National Center for Zoonotic Disease, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Ting Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of Grassland Livestock, Inner Mongolia Engineering Technology Research Center of Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
| | - Dengfeng Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- College of Food and Quality Engineering, Nanning University, Nanning, China
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2
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Li WY, Hu CC, Liu JH, Wang HJ, Lu LP, Qiao M, Jiang YL, Wu R. Botryorhodine J, a new anti-MRSA depsidone isolated from endophytic fungus Alternaria alternata Pas11. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-7. [PMID: 38148164 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2298727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
A new depsidone derivative botryorhodine J (1), along with six known compounds (2-7) were obtained from solid rice cultures of Alternaria alternata Pas11 that was isolated from leaves of Phragmites australis. The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of combination of NMR spectroscopic data and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activities against a panel of Gram-positive bacterial strains (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA], Bacillus subtilis and S. aureus). Compounds 1 and 6 displayed antibacterial activity against the three bacterial strains with the minimum inhibitory concentration values (MICs) of 14 - 32 μg/mL, while compound 5 showed good antibacterial activity against above bacterial strains with MIC values of 5 - 8 μg/mL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yuan Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Water Environment and Health, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
- School of Pharmacy and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, PR China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Hu
- School of Pharmacy and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Jin-Hai Liu
- School of Pharmacy and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Heng-Jie Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Ling-Pan Lu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Water Environment and Health, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
- School of Pharmacy and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Min Qiao
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Water Environment and Health, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
- School of Pharmacy and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Ya-Ling Jiang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Water Environment and Health, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
- School of Pharmacy and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Rui Wu
- School of Pharmacy and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Industrial Technology, Zhengzhou, PR China
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3
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Bi Y, Yu Y, Yao H, Yuan T. Terpenoids from the endophytic fungus Microdiplodia sp. and their anti-inflammatory activities. Fitoterapia 2023; 171:105711. [PMID: 37866425 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by the potential anti-inflammatory effect of the crude extract of endophytic fungus Microdiplodia sp. CJ01 derived from Camellia sinensis, chemical investigation of the extract of Microdiplodia sp. CJ01 led to the isolation and identification of sixteen terpenoids, including five undescribed eremophilane sesquiterpenoids named microdiplodins A-E (1-5), one undescribed meroterpenoid 13-carboxymacrophorin A (13), seven known eremophilane sesquiterpenoids (6-12), and three known meroterpenoids (14-16). The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analysis, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) data. Their absolute configurations were determined by calculational and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data. Anti-inflammatory activity assays revealed that compounds 3, 4, 14-16 exhibited moderate inhibitory effects on the production of nitric oxide (NO) in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufang Bi
- The Laboratory of Effective Substances of Jiangxi Genuine Medicinal Materials, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Yihu Yu
- The Laboratory of Effective Substances of Jiangxi Genuine Medicinal Materials, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Houzong Yao
- School of Health, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- The Laboratory of Effective Substances of Jiangxi Genuine Medicinal Materials, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China; School of Health, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China.
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Hikaambo CN, Shakela N, Woodland JG, Wicht KJ, Chibale K. Drug discovery in Africa tackles zoonotic and related infections. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadj0035. [PMID: 37851825 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adj0035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Zoonotic and related infections pose an enormous health threat to the world's second-most populous continent. Despite the challenges faced by drug discovery scientists in Africa, recent progress toward identifying potential medicines across diverse disease areas is a cause for optimism and an indicator of progress in African-led scientific initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christabel N Hikaambo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Natalia Shakela
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - John G Woodland
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
- Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Kathryn J Wicht
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
- Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
- Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research Unit, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
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Tsipinana S, Husseiny S, Alayande KA, Raslan M, Amoo S, Adeleke R. Contribution of endophytes towards improving plant bioactive metabolites: a rescue option against red-taping of medicinal plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1248319. [PMID: 37771494 PMCID: PMC10522919 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1248319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Medicinal plants remain a valuable source for natural drug bioprospecting owing to their multi-target spectrum. However, their use as raw materials for novel drug synthesis has been greatly limited by unsustainable harvesting leading to decimation of their wild populations coupled with inherent low concentrations of constituent secondary metabolites per unit mass. Thus, adding value to the medicinal plants research dynamics calls for adequate attention. In light of this, medicinal plants harbour endophytes which are believed to be contributing towards the host plant survival and bioactive metabolites through series of physiological interference. Stimulating secondary metabolite production in medicinal plants by using endophytes as plant growth regulators has been demonstrated to be one of the most effective methods for increasing metabolite syntheses. Use of endophytes as plant growth promotors could help to ensure continuous supply of medicinal plants, and mitigate issues with fear of extinction. Endophytes minimize heavy metal toxicity in medicinal plants. It has been hypothesized that when medicinal plants are exposed to harsh conditions, associated endophytes are the primary signalling channels that induce defensive reactions. Endophytes go through different biochemical processes which lead to activation of defence mechanisms in the host plants. Thus, through signal transduction pathways, endophytic microorganisms influence genes involved in the generation of secondary metabolites by plant cells. Additionally, elucidating the role of gene clusters in production of secondary metabolites could expose factors associated with low secondary metabolites by medicinal plants. Promising endophyte strains can be manipulated for enhanced production of metabolites, hence, better probability of novel bioactive metabolites through strain improvement, mutagenesis, co-cultivation, and media adjustment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinawo Tsipinana
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Samah Husseiny
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Kazeem A. Alayande
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Mai Raslan
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Stephen Amoo
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Agricultural Research Council – Vegetables, Industrial and Medicinal Plants, Roodeplaat, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Rasheed Adeleke
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Li F, Gu S, Zhang S, Mo S, Guo J, Hu Z, Zhang Y. Three new amide derivatives from the fungus Alternaria brassicicola. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:28. [PMID: 37695377 PMCID: PMC10495297 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00391-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Three new amide derivatives (alteralkaloids A-C, 1-3) and three known alkaloids (4-6) were afforded after phytochemical investigation of fungus Alternaria brassicicola. The structures of these compounds were confirmed by NMR spectroscopic and HRESIMS data. Furthermore, the absolute configuration of 1 was determined using the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds 1-3 belong to a class of amide derivatives that have not been found in nature before, sharing the same characteristic signals of the butyl moiety and amide group. These isolated compounds mentioned above were tested for the cytotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengli Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Saisai Gu
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Sitian Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shuyuan Mo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jieru Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430033, China.
| | - Zhengxi Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Recent Advances in Using Natural Antibacterial Additives in Bioactive Wound Dressings. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020644. [PMID: 36839966 PMCID: PMC10004169 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound care is a global health issue with a financial burden of up to US $96.8 billion annually in the USA alone. Chronic non-healing wounds which show delayed and incomplete healing are especially problematic. Although there are more than 3000 dressing types in the wound management market, new developments in more efficient wound dressings will require innovative approaches such as embedding antibacterial additives into wound-dressing materials. The lack of novel antibacterial agents and the misuse of current antibiotics have caused an increase in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) which is estimated to cause 10 million deaths by 2050 worldwide. These ongoing challenges clearly indicate an urgent need for developing new antibacterial additives in wound dressings targeting microbial pathogens. Natural products and their derivatives have long been a significant source of pharmaceuticals against AMR. Scrutinising the data of newly approved drugs has identified plants as one of the biggest and most important sources in the development of novel antibacterial drugs. Some of the plant-based antibacterial additives, such as essential oils and plant extracts, have been previously used in wound dressings; however, there is another source of plant-derived antibacterial additives, i.e., those produced by symbiotic endophytic fungi, that show great potential in wound dressing applications. Endophytes represent a novel, natural, and sustainable source of bioactive compounds for therapeutic applications, including as efficient antibacterial additives for chronic wound dressings. This review examines and appraises recent developments in bioactive wound dressings that incorporate natural products as antibacterial agents as well as advances in endophyte research that show great potential in treating chronic wounds.
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El-Seedi HR, Kotb SM, Musharraf SG, Shehata AA, Guo Z, Alsharif SM, Saeed A, Hamdi OAA, Tahir HE, Alnefaie R, Verpoorte R, Khalifa SAM. Saudi Arabian Plants: A Powerful Weapon against a Plethora of Diseases. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3436. [PMID: 36559548 PMCID: PMC9783889 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The kingdom of Saudi Arabia (SA) ranks fifth in Asia in terms of area. It features broad biodiversity, including interesting flora, and was the historical origin of Islam. It is endowed with a large variety of plants, including many herbs, shrubs, and trees. Many of these plants have a long history of use in traditional medicine. The aim of this review is to evaluate the present knowledge on the plants growing in SA regarding their pharmacological and biological activities and the identification of their bioactive compounds to determine which plants could be of interest for further studies. A systematic summary of the plants' history, distribution, various pharmacological activities, bioactive compounds, and clinical trials are presented in this paper to facilitate future exploration of their therapeutic potential. The literature was obtained from several scientific search engines, including Sci-Finder, PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, MDPI, Wiley publications, and Springer Link. Plant names and their synonyms were validated by 'The Plant List' on 1 October 2021. SA is home to approximately 2247 plant species, including native and introduced plants that belong to 142 families and 837 genera. It shares the flora of three continents, with many unique features due to its extreme climate and geographical and geological conditions. As plants remain the leading supplier of new therapeutic agents to treat various ailments, Saudi Arabian plants may play a significant role in the fight against cancer, inflammation, and antibiotic-resistant bacteria. To date, 102 active compounds have been identified in plants from different sites in SA. Plants from the western and southwestern regions have been evaluated for various biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-cancer, antimicrobial, antimalarial, anti-inflammatory, anti-glycation, and cytotoxic activities. The aerial parts of the plants, especially the leaves, have yielded most of the bioactive compounds. Most bioactivity tests involve in vitro assessments for the inhibition of the growth of tumour cell lines, and several compounds with in vitro antitumour activity have been reported. More in-depth studies to evaluate the mode of action of the compounds are necessary to pave the way for clinical trials. Ecological and taxonomical studies are needed to evaluate the flora of SA, and a plan for the conservation of wild plants should be implemented, including the management of the protection of endemic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham R. El-Seedi
- Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Biomedical Centre, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 591, SE 751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu Education Department, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
| | - Safaa M. Kotb
- Department of Chemistry & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt
| | - Syed G. Musharraf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Awad A. Shehata
- Avian and Rabbit Diseases Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Zhiming Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Sultan M. Alsharif
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al Madinah 887, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Omer A. A. Hamdi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Khartoum, Khartoum 11115, Sudan
| | | | - Rasha Alnefaie
- Department of Biology, Faculity of Science, Al-Baha University, Albaha 65779, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rob Verpoorte
- Natural Products Laboratory, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Shaden A. M. Khalifa
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Xylaria feejeensis, SRNE2BP a Fungal Endophyte with Biocontrol Properties to Control Early Blight and Fusarium Wilt Disease in Tomato and Plant Growth Promotion Activity. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:108. [PMID: 35175450 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02803-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade endophytic fungi have been known as a source of secondary metabolites with the ability to act as a biocontrol agents. Xylaria feejeensis, SRNE2BP a fungal endophyte isolated from a mangrove tree exhibited antagonistic activity against two fungal pathogens of tomato. Crude extract of X. feejeensis SRNE2BP significantly inhibited Fusarium oxysporum MFLUCC 19-0157 growth as shown approximately 60-75% in in vitro and in situ assays. Both assays showed that the endophyte also inhibited mycelium formation of Alternaria solani MFLUCC 19-0093 by 56% and 87%, respectively. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of X. feejeensis SRNE2BP crude extract against A. solani and F. oxysporum was approximately 7 mg/l. Crude extract and mycelium of X. feejeensis SRNE2BP showed potential in controlling early blight and fusarium wilt disease in tomato, respectively. Seedlings from seeds coated with crude extract of X. feejeensis SRNE2BP had lower disease severity (31.71%) of early blight disease compared to un-treated seeds (57.13%). Soil treated with 10% endophytic mycelium not only reduced fusarium wilt in tomato plant (55.55% severity compared with 91.66% in un-treated soil) but also promoted seed emergence and growth of tomato. Structure analysis revealed that 12 secondary metabolites, especially mellein derivatives, are major components of the crude extract of X. feejeensis SRNE2BP. These compounds could be responsible for antifungal activities; however, further study is required. Our findings strongly suggest that colonization with this fungal endophyte can be beneficial to the host plant especially with regards to plant growth promotion and broad antagonistic activity.
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Sakyi PO, Amewu RK, Devine RNOA, Ismaila E, Miller WA, Kwofie SK. The Search for Putative Hits in Combating Leishmaniasis: The Contributions of Natural Products Over the Last Decade. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2021; 11:489-544. [PMID: 34260050 PMCID: PMC8279035 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-021-00311-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite advancements in the areas of omics and chemoinformatics, potent novel biotherapeutic molecules with new modes of actions are needed for leishmaniasis. The socioeconomic burden of leishmaniasis remains alarming in endemic regions. Currently, reports from existing endemic areas such as Nepal, Iran, Brazil, India, Sudan and Afghanistan, as well as newly affected countries such as Peru, Bolivia and Somalia indicate concerns of chemoresistance to the classical antimonial treatment. As a result, effective antileishmanial agents which are safe and affordable are urgently needed. Natural products from both flora and fauna have contributed immensely to chemotherapeutics and serve as vital sources of new chemical agents. This review focuses on a systematic cross-sectional view of all characterized anti-leishmanial compounds from natural sources over the last decade. Furthermore, IC50/EC50, cytotoxicity and suggested mechanisms of action of some of these natural products are provided. The natural product classification includes alkaloids, terpenes, terpenoids, and phenolics. The plethora of reported mechanisms involve calcium channel inhibition, immunomodulation and apoptosis. Making available enriched data pertaining to bioactivity and mechanisms of natural products complement current efforts geared towards unraveling potent leishmanicides of therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick O. Sakyi
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. BOX LG 56, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Sciences, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Box 214, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Richard K. Amewu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P. O. BOX LG 56, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Robert N. O. A. Devine
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Sciences, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Box 214, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Emahi Ismaila
- Department of Chemical Sciences, School of Sciences, University of Energy and Natural Resources, Box 214, Sunyani, Ghana
| | - Whelton A. Miller
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153 USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Samuel K. Kwofie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences, College of Basic & Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, PMB LG 77, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, P.O. Box LG 54, Accra, Ghana
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Chan-Bacab MJ, Reyes-Estebanez MM, Camacho-Chab JC, Ortega-Morales BO. Microorganisms as a Potential Source of Molecules to Control Trypanosomatid Diseases. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051388. [PMID: 33806654 PMCID: PMC7962016 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Trypanosomatids are the causative agents of leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis, which affect about 20 million people in the world’s poorest countries, leading to 95,000 deaths per year. They are often associated with malnutrition, weak immune systems, low quality housing, and population migration. They are generally recognized as neglected tropical diseases. New drugs against these parasitic protozoa are urgently needed to counteract drug resistance, toxicity, and the high cost of commercially available drugs. Microbial bioprospecting for new molecules may play a crucial role in developing a new generation of antiparasitic drugs. This article reviews the current state of the available literature on chemically defined metabolites of microbial origin that have demonstrated antitrypanosomatid activity. In this review, bacterial and fungal metabolites are presented; they originate from a range of microorganisms, including cyanobacteria, heterotrophic bacteria, and filamentous fungi. We hope to provide a useful overview for future research to identify hits that may become the lead compounds needed to accelerate the discovery of new drugs against trypanosomatids.
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Discovery of a Novel Lineage Burkholderia cepacia ST 1870 Endophytically Isolated from Medicinal Polygala paniculata Which Shows Potent In Vitro Antileishmanial and Antimicrobial Effects. Int J Microbiol 2021; 2021:6618559. [PMID: 33679984 PMCID: PMC7904367 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6618559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we report the isolation and identification of an endophytic strain of Burkholderia cepacia (COPS strain) associated with Polygala paniculata roots. Polygala plants are rich sources of promising microbiomes, of which the literature reports several pharmacological effects, such as trypanocidal, antinociceptive, anesthetic, anxiolytics, and anticonvulsant activities. B. cepacia COPS belongs to a new sequence type (ST 1870) and harbors a genome estimated in 8.3 Mbp which exhibits the aminoglycosides and beta-lactams resistance genes aph(3′)-IIa and blaTEM-116, respectively. Analysis performed using MLST, average nucleotide identity, and digital DNA-DNA hybridization support its species-level identification and reveals its novel housekeeping genes alleles gyrB, lepA, and phaC. The root endophyte B. cepacia COPS drew our attention from a group of 14 bacterial isolates during the primary screening for being potentially active against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and exhibited the broad-spectrum activity against phytopathogenic fungi. In addition, COPS strain showed production of protease, lipase, and esterase in solid media, and its natural product extract showed potent inhibition against fungal plant pathogens, such as Moniliophthora perniciosa, whose antagonism index (89.32%) exceeded the positive control (74.17%), whereas Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Ceratocystis paradoxa showed high percentages of inhibition (85.53% and 82.69%, respectively). COPS crude extract also significantly inhibited S. epidermidis ATCC 35984, E. faecium ATCC 700221 (MIC values of 32 μg/mL for both), E. faecalis ATCC 29212 (64 μg/mL), and S. aureus ATCC 25923 (128 μg/mL). We observed moderate antagonistic activity against A. baumannii ATCC 19606 and E. coli ATCC 25922 (both at 512 μg/mL), as well as potent cytotoxic effects on Leishmania infantum and Leishmania major promastigote forms with 78.25% and 57.30% inhibition. In conclusion, this study presents for the first time the isolation of an endophytic B. cepacia strain associated with P. paniculata and enough evidence that these plants may be considered a rich source of microbes for the fight against neglected diseases.
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Nweze JA, Mbaoji FN, Li YM, Yang LY, Huang SS, Chigor VN, Eze EA, Pan LX, Zhang T, Yang DF. Potentials of marine natural products against malaria, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis parasites: a review of recent articles. Infect Dis Poverty 2021; 10:9. [PMID: 33482912 PMCID: PMC7821695 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-021-00796-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Malaria and neglected communicable protozoa parasitic diseases, such as leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis, are among the otherwise called diseases for neglected communities, which are habitual in underprivileged populations in developing tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Some of the currently available therapeutic drugs have some limitations such as toxicity and questionable efficacy and long treatment period, which have encouraged resistance. These have prompted many researchers to focus on finding new drugs that are safe, effective, and affordable from marine environments. The aim of this review was to show the diversity, structural scaffolds, in-vitro or in-vivo efficacy, and recent progress made in the discovery/isolation of marine natural products (MNPs) with potent bioactivity against malaria, leishmaniasis, and trypanosomiasis. Main text We searched PubMed and Google scholar using Boolean Operators (AND, OR, and NOT) and the combination of related terms for articles on marine natural products (MNPs) discovery published only in English language from January 2016 to June 2020. Twenty nine articles reported the isolation, identification and antiparasitic activity of the isolated compounds from marine environment. A total of 125 compounds were reported to have been isolated, out of which 45 were newly isolated compounds. These compounds were all isolated from bacteria, a fungus, sponges, algae, a bryozoan, cnidarians and soft corals. In recent years, great progress is being made on anti-malarial drug discovery from marine organisms with the isolation of these potent compounds. Comparably, some of these promising antikinetoplastid MNPs have potency better or similar to conventional drugs and could be developed as both antileishmanial and antitrypanosomal drugs. However, very few of these MNPs have a pharmaceutical destiny due to lack of the following: sustainable production of the bioactive compounds, standard efficient screening methods, knowledge of the mechanism of action, partnerships between researchers and pharmaceutical industries. Conclusions It is crystal clear that marine organisms are a rich source of antiparasitic compounds, such as alkaloids, terpenoids, peptides, polyketides, terpene, coumarins, steroids, fatty acid derivatives, and lactones. The current and future technological innovation in natural products drug discovery will bolster the drug armamentarium for malaria and neglected tropical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justus Amuche Nweze
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, National Engineering Research Center of Non-Food Biorefinery, State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.,Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.,College of Life Science and Technology of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Florence N Mbaoji
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, National Engineering Research Center of Non-Food Biorefinery, State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,College of Life Science and Technology of Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Yan-Ming Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, National Engineering Research Center of Non-Food Biorefinery, State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Yan Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, National Engineering Research Center of Non-Food Biorefinery, State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Shi Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, National Engineering Research Center of Non-Food Biorefinery, State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Vincent N Chigor
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.,Water and Public Health Research Group, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, PMB 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel A Eze
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Li-Xia Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, National Engineering Research Center of Non-Food Biorefinery, State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhang
- National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, WHO Collaborating Center for Tropical Diseases, National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology of the Chinese Ministry of Health, Shanghai, 200025, People's Republic of China. .,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Echinococcosis Prevention and Control, Xizang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Linlang North Road, Lhasa, 850000, Tibet Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China.
| | - Deng-Feng Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, National Engineering Research Center of Non-Food Biorefinery, State Key Laboratory of Non-Food Biomass and Enzyme Technology, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Understanding the immune responses involved in mediating protection or immunopathology during leishmaniasis. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:297-311. [PMID: 33449103 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) transmitted by the sand fly and is a major public health problem worldwide. Infections caused by Leishmania clinically manifest as a wide range of diseases, such as cutaneous (CL), diffuse cutaneous (DCL), mucosal (MCL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The host innate and adaptative immune responses play critical roles in the defense against leishmaniasis. However, Leishmania parasites also manipulate the host immune response for their survival and replication. In addition, other factors such as sand fly salivary proteins and microbiota also promote disease susceptibility and parasite spread by modulating local immune response. Thus, a complex interplay between parasite, sand fly and the host immunity governs disease severity and outcome. In this review, we discuss the host immune response during Leishmania infection and highlight the factors associated with resistance or susceptibility.
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Epigenetic Modifiers Affect the Bioactive Compounds Secreted by an Endophyte of the Tropical Plant Piper longum. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010029. [PMID: 33374682 PMCID: PMC7793533 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven endophytic fungi were isolated from the tropical medicinal plant Piper longum L. After preliminary screening, Phomopsis heveicola was selected for the epigenetic activation treatments. The antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant potentials of crude extracts obtained from the treatments (with and without epigenetic modifiers) were analyzed in vitro. The extracts inhibited growth of the human pathogens Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Shigella sonnei, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Salmonella typhi, as well as the phytopathogens Puccinia recondita, Rhizoctonia solani, Phytophthora infestans, and Botrytis cinerea. Furthermore, DPPH-scavenging activity was higher in valproic acid treated extracts. Volatile chemicals with known biological activities (measured with GC-MS/MS), were released in the valproic acid treatment. The antimicrobial potentials of the extracts were confirmed using MRM/MS analysis. The experiments revealed a new promising endophytic fungus, P. heveicola, to be utilized in biological plant protection and in biomedical applications.
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Su XZ, Tang JW, Hu K, Li XN, Sun HD, Puno PT. Arthrinins E-G, Three Botryane Sesquiterpenoids from the Plant Endophytic Fungus Arthrinium sp. HS66. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2020; 10:201-207. [PMID: 32656629 PMCID: PMC7367987 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-020-00248-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Arthrinins E-G (1-3), three new sesquiterpenoids possessing non-isoprenoid botryane skeleton, were isolated from the fermentation of an endophytic fungus named Arthrinium sp. HS66 which colonized in the stems of Isodon xerophilus. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods. Furthermore, the structure of 1 was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray diffraction, while those of 2 and 3 were verified through quantum chemical calculation of NMR data and ECD spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Zheng Su
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Wei Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Nian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Dong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Pema-Tenzin Puno
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, People's Republic of China.
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Inflammatory bowel diseases, the hygiene hypothesis and the other side of the microbiota: Parasites and fungi. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:104962. [PMID: 32480001 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This review tackles the concept of the evolutionary mismatch, in relation with the reduction of the prevalence of the so-called "dirty old friends". These formed the variegated community of parasites and microorganisms, either prokaryotic or eukaryotic, that, over long evolutionary times, co-evolved with humans and their ancestors, inhabiting their digestive tracts, and other body districts. This community of microbial symbionts and metazoan parasites is thought to have evolved a complex network of inter-independence with the host, in particular in relation with their immune stimulating capacity, and with the consequent adaptation of the host immune response to this chronic stimulation. Strictly related to this evolutionary mismatch, the hygiene hypothesis, proposed by David Strachan in 1989, foresees that the increase in the incidence of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders during the twentieth century has been caused by the reduced exposure to parasites and microorganisms, especially in industrialized countries. Among these pathologies, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) occupy a prominent role. From these premises, this review summarizes current knowledge on how variations in the composition of the gut bacterial microbiota, as well as its interactions with fungal communities, influence the overall immune balance, favouring or counteracting gut inflammation in IBDs. Additionally, the effect of worm parasites, either directly on the immune balance, or indirectly, through the modulation of bacterial and fungal microbiota, will be addressed. Finally, we will review a series of studies related to the use of molecules derived from parasitic worms and fungi, which hold the potential to be developed as postbiotics for the treatment of IBDs.
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