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Wang C, Zhao F, Bai Y, Li C, Xu X, Kristiansen K, Zhou G. Effect of gastrointestinal alterations mimicking elderly conditions on in vitro digestion of meat and soy proteins. Food Chem 2022; 383:132465. [PMID: 35183956 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Among the physiological functions declining with aging, decreased secretion of gastric fluid, achlorhydria, is commonly observed. We evaluated the digestion of meat (chicken, beef, and pork) and soy proteins using in vitro conditions mimicking gastrointestinal (GI) digestion in adults (control, C) and elderly individuals with achlorhydria (EA). Changes in degrees of hydrolysis (DH), SDS-PAGE profiles, peptide concentrations, and proteomic profiles during digestion were investigated. Digestion under the EA conditions markedly decreased DH, especially for soy proteins. SDS-PAGE profiling and proteomics showed that myofibrillar/sarcoplasmic proteins from meat and glycinin/beta-conglycinin from soy were most affected by digestion conditions. Our results indicated that differences in the digestibility of meat protein between EA and control conditions gradually narrowed from the gastric to the intestinal phase for meat protein, while a pronounced difference persisted in the intestinal phase for soy protein. Our work provides new insight of value for future dietary recommendations for elderly individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Meat Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, PR China; Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Fan Zhao
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark
| | - Yun Bai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Meat Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Chunbao Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Meat Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xinglian Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Meat Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Karsten Kristiansen
- Laboratory of Genomics and Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen 2100, Denmark; Institute of Metagenomics, Qingdao-Europe Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, BGI-Qingdao, Qingdao 166555, PR China; BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, PR China.
| | - Guanghong Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Meat Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Aloo SO, Ofosu FK, Oh DH. Elicitation: a new perspective into plant chemo-diversity and functional property. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-19. [PMID: 34802360 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2004388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Sprouts are consumed as fresh foods or their flours can be added in processed products as determinants of sensory perception, product differentiation, and shelf life. Elicitation technique can be used to accumulate phytochemicals in plant sprouts thereby improving their functionality. This review summarized the recent state of knowledge on the use of elicitors to produce sprouts with improved functional properties. Elicitation using abiotic or biotic elicitors has been applied to increase the yield of sprout secondary metabolites (glucosinolates, aminobutyric acid, phenolic compounds), biological activities (antioxidant, anti-obesity, antidiabetic properties), and growth. Elicitors trigger the synthesis of plant metabolites by changing enzyme activities or gene expression related to the plant defence system. They also promote sprout growth by enhancing the levels of plant growth hormones. Elicitation is an effective method to produce sprouts with improved health benefits, and enhance their growth. Future studies are needed to identify early plant signaling pathways to fully understand elicitors' mechanisms on plant metabolites. Moreover, further investigation can be impetus in revealing the lower and upper limits of elicitor that can be applied in sprouts without compromising health and environmental safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Okomo Aloo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Fred Kwame Ofosu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
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Larios G, Nicolodelli G, Ribeiro M, Canassa T, Reis AR, Oliveira SL, Alves CZ, Marangoni BS, Cena C. Soybean seed vigor discrimination by using infrared spectroscopy and machine learning algorithms. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:4303-4309. [PMID: 32857095 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01238f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach to distinguish soybean seed vigor based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) associated with chemometric methods is presented. Batches with high and low vigor soybean seeds were analyzed. Support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), and discriminant analysis were applied to the raw spectral and reduced-dimensionality data from PCA (principal component analysis). Proteins, fatty acids, and amides were identified as the main molecules responsible for the discrimination of the batches. The cross-validation tests pointed out that high vigor soybean seeds were successfully discriminated from low vigor ones with an accuracy of 100%. These findings indicate FTIR spectroscopy associated with multivariate analysis as a new alternative approach to discriminate seed vigor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Larios
- UFMS - Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
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Feng Z, Ding C, Li W, Wang D, Cui D. Applications of metabolomics in the research of soybean plant under abiotic stress. Food Chem 2020; 310:125914. [PMID: 31835223 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Qualitative and quantitative metabolomics analysis of all small-molecule metabolites in organisms is an emerging omics technology alongside genomics and proteomics. Plant metabolites are extremely diverse both within species and in terms of their physiological function. Plant metabolomics studies use mainly liquid/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/GC-MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques combined with chemometrics and multivariate statistical analysis to analyze plant metabolites, and metabolomics plays a key role in agricultural and food science research. In this review, we discuss the status of metabolomics in soybean in response to abiotic stresses such as drought, heat, salinity, flooding, chilling and heavy metal stresses and analyze the challenges and opportunities. Furthermore, the notable metabolites detected in response to different stresses are summarized to provide a reference for applications of metabolomics in soybean research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Chengqiao Ding
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Weihao Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Dachen Wang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Di Cui
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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Kim MJ, Kwak HS, Kim SS. Effects of Germination on Protein, γ-Aminobutyric Acid, Phenolic Acids, and Antioxidant Capacity in Wheat. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23092244. [PMID: 30177646 PMCID: PMC6225431 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23092244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Germinated wheat is a food material with potential health benefits due to its high phenolic and antioxidant content, but the reason why germination increases this content is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between protein changes (determined by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE)), phenolics, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels, and antioxidant capacity of wheat germinated for various periods (24, 48, 72, and 96 h) compared to control. Each phenolic acid tended to increase with increasing germination time. The GABA content was highest (39.98 mg/100 g dwb) after 96 h of germination. The total oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) was 1.97 times higher after 96 h than in ungerminated seeds. Fifteen proteins, among 82 proteins separated by 2-DE, were highly related with ORAC and were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting (PMS). The PMS revealed strong expression of granule bound starch synthase (GBSS) and glutathione S-transferase (GSTF) after 96 h of germination. Overall, the ORAC at 96 h exhibited a close relationship with the levels of phenolic acids, GABA, and proteins such as GBSS and GSTF. In conclusion, these findings add to the existing knowledge of wheat protein changes and their relationship to the antioxidant properties of germinating wheat seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Jeong Kim
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55465, Korea.
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea.
| | - Han Sub Kwak
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55465, Korea.
| | - Sang Sook Kim
- Research Group of Food Processing, Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabuk-do 55465, Korea.
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Lazo-Vélez MA, Guardado-Félix D, Avilés-González J, Romo-López I, Serna-Saldívar SO. Effect of germination with sodium selenite on the isoflavones and cellular antioxidant activity of soybean (Glycine max). Lebensm Wiss Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2018.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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7
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Truong HA, Jeong CY, Lee WJ, Lee BC, Chung N, Kang CS, Cheong YK, Hong SW, Lee H. Evaluation of a Rapid Method for Screening Heat Stress Tolerance Using Three Korean Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017. [PMID: 28650654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermotolerance in plants is a topic of concern given the current trends in global warming. Here, we aimed to develop a rapid and reproducible screening method for selection of heat stress-tolerant wheat varieties to expedite the breeding process. We tested the robustness of the screen in three Korean wheat cultivars, "BackJung", "KeumKang", and "ChoKyeong". We showed that 4-day-old seedlings of "KeumKang" had the highest survival rates after a 45 °C treatment for 20 h. Moreover, the ability to retain chlorophyll and antioxidant activity was also highest in "KeumKang". The increase in malondialdehyde content in "ChoKyeong" indicated that this cultivar showed the greatest damage after heat stress. Collectively, our results showed that "KeumKang" is the most heat-tolerant cultivar of the three examined. In conclusion, the most reliable and rapid screening method in our investigation was survival rate examined at lethal temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai An Truong
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Young Jeong
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Je Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Cheon Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhyun Chung
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Chon-Sik Kang
- Crop Breeding Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA , Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Keun Cheong
- Crop Breeding Division, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA , Wanju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Whan Hong
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Bioenergy Research Center, Chonnam National University , Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojoung Lee
- Department of Biosystems and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University , Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University , Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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