1
|
Bai J, Wang Y, Li F, Wu Y, Chen J, Li M, Wang X, Lv B. Research advancements and perspectives of inflammatory bowel disease: A comprehensive review. Sci Prog 2024; 107:368504241253709. [PMID: 38778725 PMCID: PMC11113063 DOI: 10.1177/00368504241253709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with increasing incidence, such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The accurate etiology and pathogenesis of IBD remain unclear, and it is generally believed that it is related to genetic susceptibility, gut microbiota, environmental factors, immunological abnormalities, and potentially other factors. Currently, the mainstream therapeutic drugs are amino salicylic acid agents, corticosteroids, immunomodulators, and biological agents, but the remission rates do not surpass 30-60% of patients in a real-life setting. As a consequence, there are many studies focusing on emerging drugs and bioactive ingredients that have higher efficacy and long-term safety for achieving complete deep healing. This article begins with a review of the latest, systematic, and credible summaries of the pathogenesis of IBD. In addition, we provide a summary of the current treatments and drugs for IBD. Finally, we focus on the therapeutic effects of emerging drugs such as microRNAs and lncRNAs, nanoparticles-mediated drugs and natural products on IBD and their mechanisms of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Bai
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fuhao Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yueyao Wu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Lv
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Digestive Pathophysiology of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kazmi I, Altamimi ASA, Afzal M, Majami AA, Abbasi FA, Almalki WH, Alzera SI, Kukreti N, Fuloria NK, Fuloria S, Sekar M, Abida. Non-coding RNAs: Emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets in ulcerative colitis. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155037. [PMID: 38160482 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a persistent inflammatory condition affecting the colon's mucosal lining, leading to chronic bowel inflammation. Despite extensive research, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying UC pathogenesis remain elusive. NcRNAs form a category of functional RNA molecules devoid of protein-coding capacity. They have recently surfaced as pivotal modulators of gene expression and integral participants in various pathological processes, particularly those related to inflammatory disorders. The diverse classes of ncRNAs, encompassing miRNAs, circRNAs, and lncRNAs, have been implicated in UC. It highlights their involvement in key UC-related processes, such as immune cell activation, epithelial barrier integrity, and the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. ncRNAs have been identified as potential biomarkers for UC diagnosis and monitoring disease progression, offering promising avenues for personalized medicine. This approach may pave the way for novel, more specific treatments with reduced side effects, addressing the current limitations of conventional therapies. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between ncRNAs and UC will advance our knowledge of the disease, potentially leading to more effective and personalized treatments for patients suffering from this debilitating condition. This review explores the pivotal role of ncRNAs in the context of UC, shedding light on their possible targets for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Majami
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad Al Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzera
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neelima Kukreti
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | | | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abida
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Macias-Ceja DC, Mendoza-Ballesteros MT, Ortega-Albiach M, Barrachina MD, Ortiz-Masià D. Role of the epithelial barrier in intestinal fibrosis associated with inflammatory bowel disease: relevance of the epithelial-to mesenchymal transition. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1258843. [PMID: 37822869 PMCID: PMC10562728 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1258843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract can lead to tissue damage and remodelling, which can ultimately result in fibrosis. Prolonged injury and inflammation can trigger the activation of fibroblasts and extracellular matrix (ECM) components. As fibrosis progresses, the tissue becomes increasingly stiff and less functional, which can lead to complications such as intestinal strictures, obstructive symptoms, and eventually, organ dysfunction. Epithelial cells play a key role in fibrosis, as they secrete cytokines and growth factors that promote fibroblast activation and ECM deposition. Additionally, epithelial cells can undergo a process called epithelial-mesenchymal transition, in which they acquire a more mesenchymal-like phenotype and contribute directly to fibroblast activation and ECM deposition. Overall, the interactions between epithelial cells, immune cells, and fibroblasts play a critical role in the development and progression of fibrosis in IBD. Understanding these complex interactions may provide new targets for therapeutic interventions to prevent or treat fibrosis in IBD. In this review, we have collected and discussed the recent literature highlighting the contribution of epithelial cells to the pathogenesis of the fibrotic complications of IBD, including evidence of EMT, the epigenetic control of the EMT, the potential influence of the intestinal microbiome in EMT, and the possible therapeutic strategies to target EMT. Finally we discuss the pro-fibrotic interactions epithelial-immune cells and epithelial-fibroblasts cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dulce C. Macias-Ceja
- Departamento de Farmacología and CIBEREHD, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - M. Dolores Barrachina
- Departamento de Farmacología and CIBEREHD, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Dolores Ortiz-Masià
- Departamento de Farmacología and CIBEREHD, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zheng L, Duan SL. Molecular regulation mechanism of intestinal stem cells in mucosal injury and repair in ulcerative colitis. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:2380-2396. [PMID: 37179583 PMCID: PMC10167905 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i16.2380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic nonspecific inflammatory disease with complex causes. The main pathological changes were intestinal mucosal injury. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein coupled receptor 5 (LGR5)-labeled small intestine stem cells (ISCs) were located at the bottom of the small intestine recess and inlaid among Paneth cells. LGR5+ small ISCs are active proliferative adult stem cells, and their self-renewal, proliferation and differentiation disorders are closely related to the occurrence of intestinal inflammatory diseases. The Notch signaling pathway and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway are important regulators of LGR5-positive ISCs and together maintain the function of LGR5-positive ISCs. More importantly, the surviving stem cells after intestinal mucosal injury accelerate division, restore the number of stem cells, multiply and differentiate into mature intestinal epithelial cells, and repair the damaged intestinal mucosa. Therefore, in-depth study of multiple pathways and transplantation of LGR5-positive ISCs may become a new target for the treatment of UC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lie Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 730000, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Sheng-Lei Duan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi’an 730000, Shaanxi Province, China
| |
Collapse
|