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Pal RP, Mani V, Mir SH, Sharma A, Sarkar S. Comparative effect of zinc supplementation by hydroxy and inorganic sources on nutrient utilisation, mineral balance, growth performance and growth biomarkers in pre-ruminant calves. Arch Anim Nutr 2022; 75:435-449. [PMID: 35109726 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2021.2007692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn), an important microelement in ruminant diet, plays a critical role in various enzymes, hormones and functional proteins involved in nutrient metabolism. The present study was conducted to assess the effect of zinc hydroxychloride (Zn5(OH)8Cl2·H2O [ZnOHCl] and zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) on nutrient utilisation, mineral metabolism and biomarkers pertaining to growth performance in pre-ruminant crossbred calves. Twenty-four crossbred calves [body weight (BW); 31.03 ± 4.30 kg; age 10 d] were randomly allocated to four treatment groups (n = 6), i.e. no supplementation of Zn (0 mg/kg dry matter [DM]), 80 mg/kg DM Zn as ZnSO4(ZnS-80), 40 mg/kg DM Zn as ZnOHCl (ZnH-40) and 80 mg/kg DM Zn as ZnOHCl (ZnH-80) for 90 d experimental period. Results showed that dietary Zn supplementation improved (p < 0.05) feed intake, BW, average daily gain, heart girth, body length, plasma growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor and thyroxin concentration; however, nutrient digestibility remained unaffected among the groups. Addition of Zn increased (p < 0.05) Zn retention and plasma Zn concentration without affecting retention and plasma concentration of other minerals. Retention of Zn was the highest in ZnH-80 group followed by ZnH-40, ZnS-80 and lowest in control group. Overall results of the present study indicate that regardless of sources and levels, Zn supplementation increased growth performance, plasma Zn concentration and hormones levels in pre-ruminant crossbred calves. However, supplementation of hydroxy Zn at 40 mg/kg DM had similar effect as produced by ZnSO4 or ZnOHCl at a supplementation level of 80 mg/kg DM. Therefore, from the present study it can be concluded that ZnOHCl can be used as a Zn source for pre-ruminant calves at a lower dose compared to ZnSO4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Prakash Pal
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, India.,Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Veena Mani
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, India
| | - Shahid Hassan Mir
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, India
| | - Amit Sharma
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, India
| | - Srobana Sarkar
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute (Deemed University), Karnal, India
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Miroshnikov SA, Notova SV, Skalnaya MG, Sizova EA, Marshinskaia OV, Kazakova TV, Skalny AV, Michalke B, Ajsuvakova OP, Tinkov AA. Speciation of Serum Copper and Zinc-Binding High- and Low-Molecular Mass Ligands in Dairy Cows Using HPLC-ICP-MS Technique. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:591-599. [PMID: 33723798 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02666-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was assessment of the major copper and zinc species in dairy cow blood serum using a hybrid high-performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) technique. A total of seventeen 5-6-year-old female Simmental cows, cultivated in the Southern Ural region, were examined. Speciation of serum Cu and Zn was performed using chromatographic PerkinElmer Series 200 system equipped with Agilent Bio SEC-5 Column and docked with NexION 300D mass spectrometer. Analysis of serum 63Cu species revealed four major fractions containing 2.5% (A), 15.6% (B), 75.6% (C), and 11.9% (D) of total copper levels. The revealed fractions could be assigned to tetrameric and dimeric macroglobulin, ceruloplasmin, albumin, and low molecular mass (LMM) copper compounds, respectively. Minor fraction (E) containing <1% of total serum Cu levels may be represented by low-molecular mass Cu species. Speciation analysis also revealed four Zn fractions containing 6.3% (A), 16.9% (B), 71% (C), and 3% (D) of total Zn levels that may be attributed to zinc-bound tetrameric and dimeric macroglobulin, albumin, and Zn-amino acid compounds. Correlation analysis demonstrated that relative levels (%) of Zn-B (dimeric α2-macroglobulin), Zn-C (albumin), and Zn-D (LMM) fractions correlate inversely with Cu-A (monomeric α2-macroglobulin) (r = -0.600), Cu-D (albumin) (r = -0.696), and Cu-C (ceruloplasmin) (r = -0.652), respectively. The obtained data demonstrate the particular features of Zn and Cu transport in dairy cows that may be used for assessment of dietary status of trace elements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Svetlana V Notova
- Orenburg State University, Orenburg, 460018, Russia
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, 460000, Russia
| | | | - Elena A Sizova
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, 460000, Russia
| | - Olga V Marshinskaia
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, 460000, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Kazakova
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, 460000, Russia
| | - Anatoly V Skalny
- Orenburg State University, Orenburg, 460018, Russia
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, 460000, Russia
| | | | - Olga P Ajsuvakova
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, 460000, Russia.
| | - Alexey A Tinkov
- Orenburg State University, Orenburg, 460018, Russia
- Federal Research Centre of Biological Systems and Agrotechnologies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, 460000, Russia
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Kebede B, Van De Wiel K, Derix J, Tolemariam T, Dermauw V, Lourenço M, Paul Jules Janssens G. Copper, iron, zinc and tannin concentrations throughout the digestive tract of tropical goats and sheep fed a high-fibre tannin-rich diet. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 105:841-848. [PMID: 33751698 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dry season in tropical regions urges livestock to feed on nutritionally very poor diets. It has not been explored how tropical sheep-assumed grazers-and tropical goats-intermediate browsers-cope with a high-fibre tannin-rich diet. This study was designed to determine the effects of a high-fibre and tannin-rich diet on the flow of important microminerals iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) throughout the digestive tract of tropical sheep and goats. The feeding trial was set up with twelve adult male animals, six sheep with mean body weight (BW) of 30.3 ± 1.6 kg and six goats with mean BW of 26.4 ± 2.2 kg. The feed consisted of 36% leaves of Millettia ferruginea, 61% hay and 3% concentrate and was offered at 3% of BW (all on dry matter (DM) basis). The total faecal collection was carried out for 7 consecutive days. At the end of the experimental period, the animals were slaughtered to collect liver and digesta samples from the gastrointestinal tract. Feed, digesta and faecal samples underwent analysis of Fe, Zn, and Cu and total tannins (TT). Goats had significantly higher reticulum Cu concentrations expressed on DM as compared to sheep. Faecal Cu concentrations were higher for goats compared to sheep. Reticulum and colon digesta Zn levels were higher in goats than sheep. Abomasum and colon Fe levels were higher in sheep than goats when expressed on DM. These results suggest differences in feed intake, micromineral absorption, secretion and excretion between sheep and goats, pointing to a divergent mineral metabolism as an adaptation to the challenge of a dry season diet having very low nutritive value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biruk Kebede
- Department of Animal Science, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.,Department of Nutrition, Genetics, and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Kim Van De Wiel
- Institute of Integrative Biology Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, University of Liverpool, Neston, UK
| | - Jill Derix
- Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Taye Tolemariam
- Department of Animal Science, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Veronique Dermauw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Marta Lourenço
- Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Research, Animal Sciences Unit, Poultry Nutrition, and Management, Melle, Belgium
| | - Geert Paul Jules Janssens
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics, and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Ianni A, Martino C, Innosa D, Bennato F, Grotta L, Martino G. Zinc supplementation of lactating dairy cows: effects on chemical-nutritional quality and volatile profile of Caciocavallo cheese. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020; 33:825-835. [PMID: 31480170 PMCID: PMC7206391 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.19.0155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary zinc supplementation of Friesian cows on chemical-nutritional and aromatic properties of Caciocavallo cheese after 7 days (C7) and 120 days (C120) of ripening. METHODS Twenty eight Friesian cows, balanced for parity, milk production and days in milk, were randomly assigned to 2 groups. The control group (CG) was fed with a conventional complete diet, while the experimental group (zinc group, ZG) received a daily zinc supplementation of 60 mg for kg of dry complete feed. During the experimental period, the milk yield was monitored and samples of milk and caciocavallo cheese were collected and analyzed for chemical-nutritional composition and aromatic profile. RESULTS The enrichment of dairy cows diet with zinc, did not influence milk yield and composition, however a marked reduction of somatic cell count was evidenced. Both in milk and cheese the ZG samples were characterized by a lower concentration of satured fatty acids and an increase in oleic, vaccenic and rumenic acids. The aromatic profile of dairy products was also positively affected by dietary zinc intake, with an increase in concentration of carboxylic acids, esters and lactones. CONCLUSION The present results suggest a positive role of dietary zinc intake in improving the quality of bovine milk and related cheese, in particular for the increase in concentration of bioactive fatty acids such as rumenic acid. The changes evidenced in cheese through the analysis of the volatile profile, would be consistent with the development of interesting organoleptic properties, although further evaluations should be performed to confirm the consumer acceptability of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ianni
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Camillo Martino
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via S. Costanzo 4, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Denise Innosa
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Francesca Bennato
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Lisa Grotta
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Martino
- Faculty of BioScience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Via Renato Balzarini 1, 64100 Teramo, Italy
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Ribeiro DM, Mourato MP, Almeida AM. Assessing mineral status in edible tissues of domestic and game animals: a review with a special emphasis in tropical regions. Trop Anim Health Prod 2019; 51:1019-1032. [PMID: 30847652 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-019-01848-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mineral status in edible tissues has been extensively studied since the beginning of the twentieth century. Most research focus on nutrition, as the earliest reports were essentially related to nutrition, animal health and mineral deficiencies. Nutrition wise, minerals are of great importance for consumers worldwide, as meat (i.e. beef, pork, chicken) and fish are major sources of protein in human diets. Nutrition gains renewed importance in the tropical context, since tropical forages are poor in minerals. This fact contributes to mineral deficiencies and impaired production performance in extensive production systems, with greater emphasis in ruminant species. In addition to nutrition, several other factors have an important impact in mineral metabolism such as geographic location, gender and species. In this article, we aim to infer on both the role in the organism and the amount present in various edible tissues of different species, either game or production animals, presenting an overall perspective in the context of tropical animal production.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Ribeiro
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - M P Mourato
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A M Almeida
- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food (LEAF), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017, Lisbon, Portugal
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