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Kodali V, Roberts JR, Glassford E, Gill R, Friend S, Dunn KL, Erdely A. Understanding toxicity associated with boron nitride nanotubes: Review of toxicity studies, exposure assessment at manufacturing facilities, and read-across. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH 2022; 37:4620-4638. [PMID: 37193295 PMCID: PMC10174278 DOI: 10.1557/s43578-022-00796-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNT) are produced by many different methods leading to variances in physicochemical characteristics and impurities in the final product. These differences can alter the toxicity profile. The importance of understanding the potential pathological implications of this high aspect ratio nanomaterial is increasing as new approaches to synthesize and purify in large scale are being developed. In this review, we discuss the various factors of BNNT production that can influence its toxicity followed by summarizing the toxicity findings from in vitro and in vivo studies conducted to date, including a review of particle clearance observed with various exposure routes. To understand the risk to workers and interpret relevance of toxicological findings, exposure assessment at manufacturing facilities was discussed. Workplace exposure assessment of BNNT from two manufacturing facilities measured boron concentrations in personal breathing zones from non-detectable to 0.95 μg/m3 and TEM structure counts of 0.0123 ± 0.0094 structures/cm3, concentrations well below what was found with other engineered high aspect ratio nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes and nanofibers. Finally, using a purified BNNT, a "read-across" toxicity assessment was performed to demonstrate how known hazard data and physicochemical characteristics can be utilized to evaluate potential inhalation toxicity concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vamsi Kodali
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1000 Frederick Lane (MS-2015), Morgantown, WV 26508, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Jenny R. Roberts
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1000 Frederick Lane (MS-2015), Morgantown, WV 26508, USA
| | - Eric Glassford
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Ryan Gill
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1000 Frederick Lane (MS-2015), Morgantown, WV 26508, USA
| | - Sherri Friend
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1000 Frederick Lane (MS-2015), Morgantown, WV 26508, USA
| | - Kevin L. Dunn
- Division of Field Studies and Engineering, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Aaron Erdely
- Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1000 Frederick Lane (MS-2015), Morgantown, WV 26508, USA
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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Turna Demir F, Demir E. Exposure to boron trioxide nanoparticles and ions cause oxidative stress, DNA damage, and phenotypic alterations in Drosophila melanogaster as an in vivo model. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:1854-1867. [PMID: 35837816 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Boron trioxide nanoparticles (B2 O3 NPs) have recently been widely used in a range of applications including electronic device technologies, acousto-optic apparatus fields and as nanopowder for the production of special glasses. We propose Drosophila melanogaster as a useful in vivo model system to study the genotoxic risks associated with NP exposure. In this study we have conducted a genotoxic evaluation of B2 O3 NPs (size average 55.52 ± 1.41 nm) and its ionic form in D. melanogaster. B2 O3 NPs were supplied to third instar larvae at concentrations ranging from 0.1-10 mM. Toxicity, intracellular oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species, ROS), phenotypic alterations, genotoxic effect (via the wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART), and DNA damage (via Comet assay) were the end-points evaluated. B2 O3 NPs did not cause any mutagenic/recombinogenic effects in all tested non-toxic concentrations in Drosophila SMART. Negative data were also obtained with the ionic form. Exposure to B2 O3 NPs and its ionic form (at two highest concentrations, 2.5 and 5 mM) was found to induce DNA damage in Comet assay. Additionally, ROS induction in hemocytes and phenotypic alterations were determined in the mouths and legs of Drosophila. This study is the first study reporting genotoxicity data in the somatic cells of Drosophila larvae, emphasizing the importance of D. melanogaster as a model organism in investigating the different biological effects in a concentration dependent manner caused by B2 O3 NPs and its ionic form. The obtained in vivo results contribute to improvement the genotoxicity database on the B2 O3 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Turna Demir
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Medical Laboratory Techniques Programme, Vocational School of Health Services, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Eşref Demir
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Medical Laboratory Techniques Programme, Vocational School of Health Services, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya, Turkey
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In Vitro and In Vivo Cytotoxicity of Boron Nitride Nanotubes: A Systematic Review. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12122069. [PMID: 35745407 PMCID: PMC9229602 DOI: 10.3390/nano12122069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are an exciting class of nanomaterials due to their unique chemical and physical characteristics. In recent decades, BNNTs have gained huge attention in research and development for various applications, including as nano-fillers for composites, semiconductor devices, hydrogen storage, and as an emerging material in biomedical and tissue engineering applications. However, the toxicity of BNNTs is not clear, and the biocompatibility is not proven yet. In this review, the role of BNNTs in biocompatibility studies is assessed in terms of their characteristics: cell viability, proliferation, therapeutic outcomes, and genotoxicity, which are vital elements for their prospective use in biomedical applications. A systematic review was conducted utilising the databases Scopus and Web of Science (WOS) (2008-2022). Additional findings were discovered manually by snowballing the reference lists of appropriate reviews. Only English-language articles were included. Finally, the significant analysis and discussion of the chosen articles are presented.
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Singh D, Kaur P, Attri S, Singh S, Sharma P, Mohana P, Kaur K, Kaur H, Singh G, Rashid F, Singh D, Kumar A, Rajput A, Bedi N, Singh B, Buttar HS, Arora S. Recent Advances in the Local Drug Delivery Systems for Improvement of Anticancer Therapy. Curr Drug Deliv 2021; 19:560 - 586. [PMID: 34906056 DOI: 10.2174/1567201818666211214112710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The conventional anticancer chemotherapies not only cause serious toxic effects, but also produce resistance in tumor cells exposed to long-term therapy. Usually, the killing of metastasized cancer cells requires long-term therapy with higher drug doses, because the cancer cells develop resistance due to the induction of poly-glycoproteins (P-gps) that act as a transmembrane efflux pump to transport drugs out of the cells. During the last few decades, scientists have been exploring new anticancer drug delivery systems such as microencapsulation, hydrogels, and nanotubes to improve bioavailability, reduce drug-dose requirement, decrease multiple drug resistance, and to save normal cells as non-specific targets. Hopefully, the development of novel drug delivery vehicles (nanotubes, liposomes, supramolecules, hydrogels, and micelles) will assist to deliver drug molecules at the specific target site and reduce the undesirable side effects of anticancer therapies in humans. Nanoparticles and lipid formulations are also designed to deliver small drug payload at the desired tumor cell sites for their anticancer actions. This review will focus on the recent advances in the drug delivery systems, and their application in treating different cancer types in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davinder Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Shivani Attri
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Sharabjit Singh
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Palvi Sharma
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Pallavi Mohana
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Harneetpal Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Gurdeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Farhana Rashid
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
| | - Dilpreet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga. India
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. 0
| | - Ankita Rajput
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. 0
| | - Neena Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. 0
| | - Balbir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. 0
| | - Harpal Singh Buttar
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa, Ontario. Canada
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar. India
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Mechanical
and biological performance of rainbow trout collagen‐boron nitride nanocomposite scaffolds for soft tissue engineering. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Hadrup N, Frederiksen M, Sharma AK. Toxicity of boric acid, borax and other boron containing compounds: A review. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 121:104873. [PMID: 33485927 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2021.104873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Boron, often in the form of boric acid, is widely used as a flame retardant in insulation products, and although humans ingest boron through food, high exposure may lead to unwanted health effects. We assessed the toxicity of boric acid, borax and other forms of boron, after inhalation, dermal and oral exposure. After oral exposure, boron is absorbed over the gastrointestinal tract. Intact skin seems to pose a more effective barrier to boron than compromised skin. Boron excretion seems to mainly occur via the urine, although after skin exposure boron has been demonstrated in bile and gastrointestinal contents. Inhalation toxicity data are sparse, but one animal study showed reduced foetal weight after inhalation of cellulose that had a boric acid content of 20%. Skin exposure to boric acid has proven fatal in some cases, and the range of toxicity effects include abdominal as well as local effects on the skin. Fatalities from boric acid also have occurred after oral ingestion, and the endpoints in animals are weight loss and reproductive toxicity. Concerning genotoxicity studies, the overall picture indicates that boron-containing compounds are not genotoxic. There was no evidence of the carcinogenicity of boric acid in a 2-year study in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK, 2100, Denmark.
| | - Marie Frederiksen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK, 2100, Denmark
| | - Anoop K Sharma
- Division for Risk Assessment and Nutrition, Group for Chemical Risk Assessment and GMO, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
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Evariste L, Flahaut E, Baratange C, Barret M, Mouchet F, Pinelli E, Galibert AM, Soula B, Gauthier L. Ecotoxicological assessment of commercial boron nitride nanotubes toward Xenopus laevis tadpoles and host-associated gut microbiota. Nanotoxicology 2020; 15:35-51. [PMID: 33171057 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1839137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing interest for boron nitride nanotubes (BNNT) due to their unique properties, data on the evaluation of the environmental risk potential of this emerging engineered nanomaterial are currently lacking. Therefore, the ecotoxicity of a commercial form of BNNT (containing tubes, hexagonal-boron nitride, and boron) was assessed in vivo toward larvae of the amphibian Xenopus laevis. Following the exposure, multiple endpoints were measured in the tadpoles as well as in bacterial communities associated to the host gut. Exposure to BNNT led to boron accumulation in host tissues and was not associated to genotoxic effects. However, the growth of the tadpoles increased due to BNNT exposure. This parameter was associated to remodeling of gut microbiome, benefiting to taxa from the phylum Bacteroidetes. Changes in relative abundance of this phylum were positively correlated to larval growth. The obtained results support the finding that BNNT are biocompatible as indicated by the absence of toxic effect from the tested nanomaterials. In addition, byproducts, especially free boron present in the tested product, were overall beneficial for the metabolism of the tadpoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauris Evariste
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR CNRS-UPS-INP N°5085, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Bât. CIRIMAT, Toulouse, France
| | - Clément Baratange
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Maialen Barret
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Marie Galibert
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR CNRS-UPS-INP N°5085, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Bât. CIRIMAT, Toulouse, France
| | - Brigitte Soula
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR CNRS-UPS-INP N°5085, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Bât. CIRIMAT, Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
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Mirhafez SR, Rezai A, Dehabeh M, Nobakht M Gh BF, Bidkhori M, Sahebkar A, Hariri M. Efficacy of phytosomal curcumin among patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 91:278-286. [PMID: 31818232 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Scientists proposed that curcumin could be used for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this article, we aimed to identify the effect of curcumin on NAFLD improvement. Fifty patients with NAFLD, were divided into two groups in this randomized, double-blind, and controlled clinical trial. Patients in the curcumin group received 250 mg/day of phytosomal curcumin, while those in the control group received 250 mg/day of placebo for duration of eight weeks. Anthropometric measurements and fasting blood samples were taken once at the baseline and once at the end of the study. Analysis was performed on 45 patients (curcumin group n = 22, placebo group n = 22). According to between groups analysis, curcumin significantly reduced the carboxymethyl lisine (CML) (148 ± 108 ng/mL vs 197 ± 101 ng/mL, P = 0.04), 8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) (46.9 ± 31.1 ng/mL vs 52.1 ± 43.1 ng/mL P = 0.03), liver enzymes (P < 0.001), weight (P < 0.001), waist circumference (P < 0.001), body fat percent (P < 0.01), and body mass index (BMI) (P < 0.01) in comparison with placebo. However, curcumin supplementation compared to placebo did not reduce soluble receptors for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), hip circumference, waist/hip, and fat free mass by the end of the study. Our study indicated that phytosamal curcumin might be able to reduce the NAFLD progress by reducing the anthropometric measures, AGEs, and DNA damage. However, we need more studies with longer intervention duration, and larger sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Reza Mirhafez
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Azam Rezai
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Maryam Dehabeh
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - B Fatemeh Nobakht M Gh
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bidkhori
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mitra Hariri
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
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