1
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Lin H, Buerki-Thurnherr T, Kaur J, Wick P, Pelin M, Tubaro A, Carniel FC, Tretiach M, Flahaut E, Iglesias D, Vázquez E, Cellot G, Ballerini L, Castagnola V, Benfenati F, Armirotti A, Sallustrau A, Taran F, Keck M, Bussy C, Vranic S, Kostarelos K, Connolly M, Navas JM, Mouchet F, Gauthier L, Baker J, Suarez-Merino B, Kanerva T, Prato M, Fadeel B, Bianco A. Environmental and Health Impacts of Graphene and Other Two-Dimensional Materials: A Graphene Flagship Perspective. ACS Nano 2024; 18:6038-6094. [PMID: 38350010 PMCID: PMC10906101 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials have attracted tremendous interest ever since the isolation of atomically thin sheets of graphene in 2004 due to the specific and versatile properties of these materials. However, the increasing production and use of 2D materials necessitate a thorough evaluation of the potential impact on human health and the environment. Furthermore, harmonized test protocols are needed with which to assess the safety of 2D materials. The Graphene Flagship project (2013-2023), funded by the European Commission, addressed the identification of the possible hazard of graphene-based materials as well as emerging 2D materials including transition metal dichalcogenides, hexagonal boron nitride, and others. Additionally, so-called green chemistry approaches were explored to achieve the goal of a safe and sustainable production and use of this fascinating family of nanomaterials. The present review provides a compact survey of the findings and the lessons learned in the Graphene Flagship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazel Lin
- CNRS,
UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, ISIS, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Jasreen Kaur
- Nanosafety
& Nanomedicine Laboratory, Institute
of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 177 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Wick
- Empa,
Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Particles-Biology Interactions, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Marco Pelin
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Aurelia Tubaro
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Tretiach
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT,
Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT,
UPS, 31062 Toulouse CEDEX 9, France
| | - Daniel Iglesias
- Facultad
de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto
Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ester Vázquez
- Facultad
de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
- Instituto
Regional de Investigación Científica Aplicada (IRICA), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Giada Cellot
- International
School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Laura Ballerini
- International
School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Valentina Castagnola
- Center
for
Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS
Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center
for
Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, 16132 Genova, Italy
- IRCCS
Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Armirotti
- Analytical
Chemistry Facility, Istituto Italiano di
Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Antoine Sallustrau
- Département
Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- Département
Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Mathilde Keck
- Département
Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SIMoS, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191, France
| | - Cyrill Bussy
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Graphene Institute, Manchester M13 9PT, United
Kingdom
| | - Sandra Vranic
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Graphene Institute, Manchester M13 9PT, United
Kingdom
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine
Lab, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester,
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, National Graphene Institute, Manchester M13 9PT, United
Kingdom
| | - Mona Connolly
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología
Agraria
y Alimentaria (INIA), CSIC, Carretera de la Coruña Km 7,5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Maria Navas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología
Agraria
y Alimentaria (INIA), CSIC, Carretera de la Coruña Km 7,5, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Laboratoire
Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Laboratoire
Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, 31000 Toulouse, France
| | - James Baker
- TEMAS Solutions GmbH, 5212 Hausen, Switzerland
| | | | - Tomi Kanerva
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, 00250 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Center
for Cooperative Research in Biomaterials (CIC biomaGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), 20014 Donostia-San
Sebastián, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Bengt Fadeel
- Nanosafety
& Nanomedicine Laboratory, Institute
of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 177 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alberto Bianco
- CNRS,
UPR3572, Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry, ISIS, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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2
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Mottier A, Légnani M, Candaudap F, Flahaut E, Mouchet F, Gauthier L, Evariste L. Graphene oxide worsens copper-mediated embryo-larval toxicity in the pacific oyster while reduced graphene oxide mitigates the effects. Chemosphere 2023; 335:139140. [PMID: 37285981 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to their properties, graphene-based nanomaterials (GBMs) are triggering a great interest leading to an increase of their global production and use in new applications. As a consequence, their release into the environment is expected to increase in the next years. When considering the current knowledge in the evaluation of GBMs ecotoxic potential, studies aiming to evaluate the hazard associated to these nanomaterials towards marine species and particularly considering potential interactions with other environmental pollutants such as metals are scarce. Here we evaluated the embryotoxic potential of GBMs, which include graphene oxide (GO) and its reduced form (rGO), both individually and in combination with copper (Cu) as a referent toxicant, towards early life stages of the Pacific oyster through the use of a standardized method (NF ISO 17244). We found that following exposure to Cu, dose-dependent decrease in the proportion of normal larvae was recorded with an Effective Concentration leading to the occurrence of 50% of abnormal larvae (EC50) of 13.85 ± 1.21 μg/L. Interestingly, the presence of GO at a non-toxic dose of 0.1 mg/L decreased the Cu EC50 to 12.04 ± 0.85 μg/L while it increased to 15.91 ± 1.57 μg/L in presence of rGO. Based on the measurement of copper adsorption, the obtained results suggest that GO enhances Cu bioavailability, potentially modifying its toxic pathways, while rGO mitigates Cu toxicity by decreasing its bioavailability. This research underscores the need to characterize the risk associated to GBMs interactions with other aquatic contaminants and supports the adoption of a safer-by-design strategy using rGO in marine environments. This would contribute to minimize the potential adverse effects on aquatic species and to reduce the risk for economic activities associated to coastal environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Mottier
- Adict Solutions - Campus INP ENSAT, Avenue de l'agrobiopole - BP 32607 - Auzeville-Tolosane, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, cedex, France
| | - Morgan Légnani
- CIRIMAT, CNRS-INP-UPS, UMR N°5085, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, F-31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Frédéric Candaudap
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT, CNRS-INP-UPS, UMR N°5085, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, CEDEX 9, F-31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Lauris Evariste
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062, Toulouse, France.
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3
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Evariste L, Mouchet F, Pinelli E, Flahaut E, Gauthier L, Barret M. Gut microbiota impairment following graphene oxide exposure is associated to physiological alterations in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Sci Total Environ 2023; 857:159515. [PMID: 36270377 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based nanomaterials such as graphene oxide (GO) possess unique properties triggering high expectations for the development of technological applications. Thus, GO is likely to be released in aquatic ecosystems. It is essential to evaluate its ecotoxicological potential to ensure a safe use of these nanomaterials. In amphibians, previous studies highlighted X. laevis tadpole growth inhibitions together with metabolic disturbances and genotoxic effects following GO exposure. As GO is known to exert bactericidal effects whereas the gut microbiota constitutes a compartment involved in host homeostasis regulation, it is important to determine if this microbial compartment constitutes a toxicological pathway involved in known GO-induced host physiological impairments. This study investigates the potential link between gut microbial communities and host physiological alterations. For this purpose, X. laevis tadpoles were exposed during 12 days to GO. Growth rate was monitored every 2 days and genotoxicity was assessed through enumeration of micronucleated erythrocytes. Genomic DNA was also extracted from the whole intestine to quantify gut bacteria and to analyze the community composition. GO exposure led to a dose dependent growth inhibition and genotoxic effects were detected following exposure to low doses. A transient decrease of the total bacteria was noticed with a persistent shift in the gut microbiota structure in exposed animals. Genotoxic effects were associated to gut microbiota remodeling characterized by an increase of the relative abundance of Bacteroides fragilis. The growth inhibitory effects would be associated to a shift in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio while metagenome inference suggested changes in metabolic pathways and upregulation of detoxification processes. This work indicates that the gut microbiota compartment is a biological compartment of interest as it is integrative of host physiological alterations and should be considered for ecotoxicological studies as structural or functional impairments could lead to later life host fitness loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauris Evariste
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR CNRS-UPS-INP N°5085, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Bât. CIRIMAT, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Maialen Barret
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
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4
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Connolly M, Moles G, Carniel FC, Tretiach M, Caorsi G, Flahaut E, Soula B, Pinelli E, Gauthier L, Mouchet F, Navas JM. Applicability of OECD TG 201, 202, 203 for the aquatic toxicity testing and assessment of 2D Graphene material nanoforms to meet regulatory needs. NanoImpact 2023; 29:100447. [PMID: 36563784 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2022.100447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tests using algae and/or cyanobacteria, invertebrates (crustaceans) and fish form the basic elements of an ecotoxicological assessment in a number of regulations, in particular for classification of a substance as hazardous or not to the aquatic environment according to the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS-CLP) (GHS, 2022) and the REACH regulation (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals, EC, 2006). Standardised test guidelines (TGs) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) are available to address the regulatory relevant endpoints of growth inhibition in algae and cyanobacteria (TG 201), acute toxicity to invertebrates (TG 202), and acute toxicity in fish (TG 203). Applying these existing OECD TGs for testing two dimensional (2D) graphene nanoforms may require more attention, additional considerations and/or adaptations of the protocols, because graphene materials are often problematic to test due to their unique attributes. In this review a critical analysis of all existing studies and approaches to testing used has been performed in order to comment on the current state of the science on testing and the overall ecotoxicity of 2D graphene materials. Focusing on the specific tests and available guidance's, a complete evaluation of aquatic toxicity testing for hazard classification of 2D graphene materials, as well as the use of alternative tests in an integrated approach to testing and assessment, has been made. This information is essential to ensure future assessments generate meaningful data that will fulfil regulatory requirements for the safe use of this "wonder" material.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Connolly
- INIA-CSIC, Department of Environment and Agronomy, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ctra. de La Coruña, km 7, 5, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - G Moles
- INIA-CSIC, Department of Environment and Agronomy, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ctra. de La Coruña, km 7, 5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - F Candotto Carniel
- UNITS, Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - M Tretiach
- UNITS, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 10, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - G Caorsi
- UNITS, Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 10, Trieste I-34127, Italy
| | - E Flahaut
- CNRS CIRIMAT/ECOLAB, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie en Matériaux (CIRIMAT)/Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, 16 Av Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - B Soula
- CNRS CIRIMAT/ECOLAB, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie en Matériaux (CIRIMAT)/Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, 16 Av Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - E Pinelli
- CNRS CIRIMAT/ECOLAB, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie en Matériaux (CIRIMAT)/Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, 16 Av Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - L Gauthier
- CNRS CIRIMAT/ECOLAB, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie en Matériaux (CIRIMAT)/Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, 16 Av Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - F Mouchet
- CNRS CIRIMAT/ECOLAB, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie en Matériaux (CIRIMAT)/Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, 16 Av Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France
| | - J M Navas
- INIA-CSIC, Department of Environment and Agronomy, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Ctra. de La Coruña, km 7, 5, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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5
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Evariste L, Lagier L, Chary C, Mottier A, Cadarsi S, Pinelli E, Flahaut E, Gauthier L, Mouchet F. Exposure of Midge Larvae ( Chironomus riparius) to Graphene Oxide Leads to Development Alterations. Toxics 2022; 10:588. [PMID: 36287868 PMCID: PMC9608897 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10100588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite the fast-growing use and production of graphene-based nanomaterials (GBMs), data concerning their effects on freshwater benthic macroinvertebrates are scarce. This study aims to investigate the effects of graphene oxide (GO) on the midge Chironomus riparius. Mortality, growth inhibition, development delay and teratogenicity, assessed using mentum deformity analysis, were investigated after a 7-day static exposure of the first instar larvae under controlled conditions. The collected data indicated that the survival rate was not impacted by GO, whereas chronic toxicity following a dose-dependent response occurred. Larval growth was affected, leading to a significant reduction in larval length (from 4.4 to 10.1%) in individuals reaching the fourth instar at any of the tested concentrations (from 0.1 to 100 mg/L). However, exposure to GO is not associated with an increased occurrence of mouthpart deformities or seriousness in larvae. These results highlight the suitability of monitoring the larval development of C. riparius as a sensitive marker of GO toxicity. The potential ecological consequences of larval size decrease need to be considered for a complete characterization of the GO-related environmental risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauris Evariste
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Laura Lagier
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Chloé Chary
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Antoine Mottier
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Cadarsi
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT, CNRS-INP-UPS, UMR N°5085, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
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6
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Mouchet F, Rowenczyk L, Minet A, Clergeaud F, Silvestre J, Pinelli E, Ferriol J, Leflaive J, Ten-Hage L, Gigault J, Ter Halle A, Gauthier L. Ecotoxicity of Heteroaggregates of Polystyrene Nanospheres in Chironomidae and Amphibian. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:2730. [PMID: 35957161 PMCID: PMC9370236 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to their various properties as polymeric materials, plastics have been produced, used and ultimately discharged into the environment. Although some studies have shown their negative impacts on the marine environment, the effects of plastics on freshwater organisms are still poorly studied, while they could be widely in contact with this pollution. The current work aimed to better elucidate the impact and the toxicity mechanisms of two kinds of commercial functionalized nanoplastics, i.e., carboxylated polystyrene microspheres of, respectively, 350 and 50 nm (PS350 and PS50), and heteroaggregated PS50 with humic acid with an apparent size of 350 nm (PSHA), all used at environmental concentrations (0.1 to 100 µg L-1). For this purpose, two relevant biological and aquatic models-amphibian larvae, Xenopus laevis, and dipters, Chironomus riparius-were used under normalized exposure conditions. The acute, chronic, and genetic toxicity parameters were examined and discussed with regard to the fundamental characterization in media exposures and, especially, the aggregation state of the nanoplastics. The size of PS350 and PSHA remained similar in the Xenopus and Chironomus exposure media. Inversely, PS50 aggregated in both exposition media and finally appeared to be micrometric during the exposition tests. Interestingly, this work highlighted that PS350 has no significant effect on the tested species, while PS50 is the most prone to alter the growth of Xenopus but not of Chironomus. Finally, PSHA induced a significant genotoxicity in Xenopus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Mouchet
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Laura Rowenczyk
- Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique (IMRCP), UMR CNRS 5623, Université Paul Sabatier, Bâtiment 2R1, 3ème étage, 118, Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Antoine Minet
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Fanny Clergeaud
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Silvestre
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Jessica Ferriol
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Joséphine Leflaive
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Loïc Ten-Hage
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Gigault
- Laboratoire Takuvik, CNRS, Laval University, Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec, QC 1045, Canada
| | - Alexandra Ter Halle
- Laboratoire des Interactions Moléculaires et Réactivité Chimique et Photochimique (IMRCP), UMR CNRS 5623, Université Paul Sabatier, Bâtiment 2R1, 3ème étage, 118, Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
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7
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Evariste L, Mottier A, Pinelli E, Flahaut E, Gauthier L, Mouchet F. Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide promote the effects of exogenous T3 thyroid hormone in the amphibian Xenopus laevis. Chemosphere 2021; 281:130901. [PMID: 34023764 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The interest for graphene-based nanomaterials (GBMs) is growing worldwide as their properties allow the development of new innovative applications. In parallel, concerns are increasing about their potential adverse effects on the environment are increasing. The available data concerning the potential risk associated to exposure of aquatic organisms to these GBMs are still limited and little is known regarding their endocrine disruption potential. In the present study, the endocrine disruption potential of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was assessed using a T3-induced amphibian metamorphosis assay. The results indicated that GBMs potentiate the effects of exogenous T3 with a more marked effect of GO compared to rGO. T3 quantifications in the exposure media indicated adsorption of the hormone on GBMs, increasing its bioavailability for organisms because GBMs are accumulated in the gut and the gills of these amphibians. This study highlights that the tested GBMs do not disrupt the thyroid pathway in amphibians but indicates that adsorption properties of these nanomaterials may increase the bioavailability and the toxicity of other pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauris Evariste
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Antoine Mottier
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR CNRS-UPS-INP N°5085, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Bât. CIRIMAT, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
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8
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Evariste L, Braylé P, Mouchet F, Silvestre J, Gauthier L, Flahaut E, Pinelli E, Barret M. Graphene-Based Nanomaterials Modulate Internal Biofilm Interactions and Microbial Diversity. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:623853. [PMID: 33841352 PMCID: PMC8032548 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.623853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene-based nanomaterials (GBMs), such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), possess unique properties triggering high expectations for the development of new technological applications and are forecasted to be produced at industrial-scale. This raises the question of potential adverse outcomes on living organisms and especially toward microorganisms constituting the basis of the trophic chain in ecosystems. However, investigations on GBMs toxicity were performed on various microorganisms using single species that are helpful to determine toxicity mechanisms but fail to predict the consequences of the observed effects at a larger organization scale. Thus, this study focuses on the ecotoxicological assessment of GO and rGO toward a biofilm composed of the diatom Nitzschia palea associated to a bacterial consortium. After 48 and 144 h of exposure to these GBMs at 0, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg.L−1, their effects on the diatom physiology, the structure, and the metabolism of bacterial communities were measured through the use of flow cytometry, 16S amplicon sequencing, and Biolog ecoplates, respectively. The exposure to both of these GBMs stimulated the diatom growth. Besides, GO exerted strong bacterial growth inhibition as from 1 mg.L−1, influenced the taxonomic composition of diatom-associated bacterial consortium, and increased transiently the bacterial activity related to carbon cycling, with weak toxicity toward the diatom. On the contrary, rGO was shown to exert a weaker toxicity toward the bacterial consortium, whereas it influenced more strongly the diatom physiology. When compared to the results from the literature using single species tests, our study suggests that diatoms benefited from diatom-bacteria interactions and that the biofilm was able to maintain or recover its carbon-related metabolic activities when exposed to GBMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauris Evariste
- Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Paul Braylé
- Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Silvestre
- Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR CNRS-UPS-INP N°5085, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Bât. CIRIMAT, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Maialen Barret
- Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
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9
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Evariste L, Flahaut E, Baratange C, Barret M, Mouchet F, Pinelli E, Galibert AM, Soula B, Gauthier L. Ecotoxicological assessment of commercial boron nitride nanotubes toward Xenopus laevis tadpoles and host-associated gut microbiota. Nanotoxicology 2020; 15:35-51. [PMID: 33171057 DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2020.1839137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite the growing interest for boron nitride nanotubes (BNNT) due to their unique properties, data on the evaluation of the environmental risk potential of this emerging engineered nanomaterial are currently lacking. Therefore, the ecotoxicity of a commercial form of BNNT (containing tubes, hexagonal-boron nitride, and boron) was assessed in vivo toward larvae of the amphibian Xenopus laevis. Following the exposure, multiple endpoints were measured in the tadpoles as well as in bacterial communities associated to the host gut. Exposure to BNNT led to boron accumulation in host tissues and was not associated to genotoxic effects. However, the growth of the tadpoles increased due to BNNT exposure. This parameter was associated to remodeling of gut microbiome, benefiting to taxa from the phylum Bacteroidetes. Changes in relative abundance of this phylum were positively correlated to larval growth. The obtained results support the finding that BNNT are biocompatible as indicated by the absence of toxic effect from the tested nanomaterials. In addition, byproducts, especially free boron present in the tested product, were overall beneficial for the metabolism of the tadpoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauris Evariste
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR CNRS-UPS-INP N°5085, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Bât. CIRIMAT, Toulouse, France
| | - Clément Baratange
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Maialen Barret
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Marie Galibert
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR CNRS-UPS-INP N°5085, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Bât. CIRIMAT, Toulouse, France
| | - Brigitte Soula
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR CNRS-UPS-INP N°5085, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Bât. CIRIMAT, Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
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10
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Michaud M, Ancellin S, Catros F, Livideanu C, Mathe Bonnet V, Mouchet F, Gaches F. Artérite de Takayasu révélée par une surdité bilatérale. Rev Med Interne 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2019.10.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Evariste L, Barret M, Mottier A, Mouchet F, Gauthier L, Pinelli E. Gut microbiota of aquatic organisms: A key endpoint for ecotoxicological studies. Environ Pollut 2019; 248:989-999. [PMID: 31091643 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbial communities constitute a compartment of crucial importance in regulation of homeostasis of multiple host physiological functions as well as in resistance towards environmental pollutants. Many chemical contaminants were shown to constitute a major threat for gut bacteria. Changes in gut microbiome could lead to alteration of host health. The access to high-throughput sequencing platforms permitted a great expansion of this discipline in human health while data from ecotoxicological studies are scarce and particularly those related to aquatic pollution. The main purpose of this review is to summarize recent body of literature providing data obtained from microbial community surveys using high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing technology applied to aquatic ecotoxicity. Effects of pesticides, PCBs, PBDEs, heavy metals, nanoparticles, PPCPs, microplastics and endocrine disruptors on gut microbial communities are presented and discussed. We pointed out difficulties and limits provided by actual methodologies. We also proposed ways to improve understanding of links between changes in gut bacterial communities and host fitness loss, along with further applications for this emerging discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauris Evariste
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Maialen Barret
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Antoine Mottier
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
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12
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Fadeel B, Bussy C, Merino S, Vázquez E, Flahaut E, Mouchet F, Evariste L, Gauthier L, Koivisto AJ, Vogel U, Martín C, Delogu LG, Buerki-Thurnherr T, Wick P, Beloin-Saint-Pierre D, Hischier R, Pelin M, Candotto Carniel F, Tretiach M, Cesca F, Benfenati F, Scaini D, Ballerini L, Kostarelos K, Prato M, Bianco A. Safety Assessment of Graphene-Based Materials: Focus on Human Health and the Environment. ACS Nano 2018; 12:10582-10620. [PMID: 30387986 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Graphene and its derivatives are heralded as "miracle" materials with manifold applications in different sectors of society from electronics to energy storage to medicine. The increasing exploitation of graphene-based materials (GBMs) necessitates a comprehensive evaluation of the potential impact of these materials on human health and the environment. Here, we discuss synthesis and characterization of GBMs as well as human and environmental hazard assessment of GBMs using in vitro and in vivo model systems with the aim to understand the properties that underlie the biological effects of these materials; not all GBMs are alike, and it is essential that we disentangle the structure-activity relationships for this class of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bengt Fadeel
- Nanosafety & Nanomedicine Laboratory, Institute of Environmental Medicine , Karolinska Institutet , 17777 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Cyrill Bussy
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health , University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL , United Kingdom
| | - Sonia Merino
- Faculty of Chemical Science and Technology , University of Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | - Ester Vázquez
- Faculty of Chemical Science and Technology , University of Castilla-La Mancha , 13071 Ciudad Real , Spain
| | | | | | | | - Laury Gauthier
- CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier , 31062 Toulouse , France
| | - Antti J Koivisto
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Ulla Vogel
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark
| | - Cristina Martín
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS , Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry , 67000 Strasbourg , France
| | - Lucia G Delogu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy University of Sassari , Sassari 7100 , Italy
- Istituto di Ricerca Pediatrica , Fondazione Città della Speranza , 35129 Padova , Italy
| | - Tina Buerki-Thurnherr
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA) , 9014 St. Gallen , Switzerland
| | - Peter Wick
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA) , 9014 St. Gallen , Switzerland
| | | | - Roland Hischier
- Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA) , 9014 St. Gallen , Switzerland
| | - Marco Pelin
- Department of Life Sciences , University of Trieste , 34127 Trieste , Italy
| | | | - Mauro Tretiach
- Department of Life Sciences , University of Trieste , 34127 Trieste , Italy
| | - Fabrizia Cesca
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 16132 Genova , Italy
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology , Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , 16132 Genova , Italy
| | - Denis Scaini
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA) , 34136 Trieste , Italy
| | - Laura Ballerini
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA) , 34136 Trieste , Italy
| | - Kostas Kostarelos
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Faculty of Biology, Medicine & Health , University of Manchester , Manchester M13 9PL , United Kingdom
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Trieste , 34127 Trieste , Italy
- Carbon Nanobiotechnology Laboratory , CIC BiomaGUNE , 20009 San Sebastian , Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science, Ikerbasque , 48013 Bilbao , Spain
| | - Alberto Bianco
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS , Immunology, Immunopathology and Therapeutic Chemistry , 67000 Strasbourg , France
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13
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Vijayaraj V, Liné C, Cadarsi S, Salvagnac C, Baqué D, Elger A, Barret M, Mouchet F, Larue C. Transfer and Ecotoxicity of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Terrestrial and Aquatic Ecosystems: A Microcosm Study. Environ Sci Technol 2018; 52:12757-12764. [PMID: 30335981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b02970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With the advancement in nanotechnology, particularly the use of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs), there is a need to study their release into the environment and assess the related risk in an environmentally relevant contamination scenario. In the present study, the transfer and toxicity of TiO2 NPs in microcosms mimicking terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems were evaluated. The contaminated soil was prepared by spiking natural soils, with these then used as the basis for all exposure systems including preparation of soil leachates for amphibian exposure. Results demonstrated significant reductions in bacterial (-45%) and archaeal (-36%) nitrifier abundance; significant translocation of Ti to M. truncatula leaves (+422%); significant reductions in plant height (-17%), number of leaves (-29%), and aboveground biomass (-53%); nonsignificant Ti uptake in snail foot and viscera, and excretion in feces; and genotoxicity to X. laevis larvae (+119% micronuclei). Our study highlights a possible risk of engineered TiO2 NPs in the environment in terms of trophic transfer and toxicity in both terrestrial and aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clarisse Liné
- EcoLab , Université de Toulouse , CNRS, Toulouse , France
| | | | | | - David Baqué
- EcoLab , Université de Toulouse , CNRS, Toulouse , France
| | - Arnaud Elger
- EcoLab , Université de Toulouse , CNRS, Toulouse , France
| | - Maialen Barret
- EcoLab , Université de Toulouse , CNRS, Toulouse , France
| | | | - Camille Larue
- EcoLab , Université de Toulouse , CNRS, Toulouse , France
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14
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Turkova A, Tebruegge M, Brinkmann F, Tsolia M, Mouchet F, Kampmann B, Seddon JA. Management of child MDR-TB contacts across countries in the WHO European Region: a survey of current practice. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2017; 21:774-777. [PMID: 28633701 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.16.0949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The World Health Organization European Region has one of the highest rates of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in the world, resulting in many vulnerable children being exposed each year. Evidence for preventive therapy following MDR-TB exposure is limited and current guidance is conflicting. An internet-based survey was performed to determine clinical practice in this region. Seventy-two clinicians from 25 countries participated. Practices related to screening and decision-making were highly variable. Just over half provided preventive therapy for children exposed to MDR-TB; the only characteristic associated with provision was practice within the European Union (adjusted OR 4.07, 95%CI 1.33-12.5).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Turkova
- Medical Research Council Clinical Trials Unit at University College London, London, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London
| | - M Tebruegge
- Academic Unit of Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, Southampton Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit, Southampton University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - F Brinkmann
- Department of Paediatric Pulmonology, Children's Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - M Tsolia
- Second University Department of Paediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, 'P. & A. Kyriakou' Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - F Mouchet
- Department of Paediatrics, Centre Hospitalière Universitaire Saint Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - B Kampmann
- Medical Research Council Unit, The Gambia, Banjul, The Gambia, Centre for International Child Health, Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - J A Seddon
- Centre for International Child Health, Department of Paediatrics, Imperial College London, London, UK
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15
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Bour A, Mouchet F, Cadarsi S, Silvestre J, Baqué D, Gauthier L, Pinelli E. CeO 2 nanoparticle fate in environmental conditions and toxicity on a freshwater predator species: a microcosm study. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2017; 24:17081-17089. [PMID: 28585007 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9346-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We studied the fate and toxicity of two types of CeO2 NPs (bare or citrate-coated) in environmentally relevant conditions, using large indoor microcosms. Long-term exposure was carried out on a three-leveled freshwater trophic chain, comprising microbial communities as primary producers, chironomid larvae as primary consumers, and amphibian larvae as secondary consumers. Whereas coated NPs preferentially sedimented, bare NPs were mainly found in the water column. However, mass balance indicated low recovery (51.5%) for bare NPs, indicating possible NP loss, against 98.8% of recovery for coated NPs. NPs were rather chemically stable, with less than 4% of dissolution. Chironomid larvae ingested large amounts of NPs and were vectors of contamination for amphibian larvae. Although bioaccumulation in amphibian larvae was important (9.47 and 9.74 mg/kg for bare and coated NPs, respectively), no biomagnification occurred through the trophic chain. Finally, significant genotoxicity was observed in amphibian larvae, bare CeO2 NPs being more toxic than citrate-coated NPs. ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Bour
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix-en-Provence, France.
| | - Florence Mouchet
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Stéphanie Cadarsi
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Jérôme Silvestre
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - David Baqué
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix-en-Provence, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
- International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT), Aix-en-Provence, France
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16
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Mottier A, Mouchet F, Pinelli É, Gauthier L, Flahaut E. Environmental impact of engineered carbon nanoparticles: from releases to effects on the aquatic biota. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2017; 46:1-6. [PMID: 28088098 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2016.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Nano-ecotoxicology is an emerging science which aims to assess the environmental effect of nanotechnologies. The development of this particular aspect of ecotoxicology was made necessary in order to evaluate the potential impact of recently produced and used materials: nanoparticles (NPs). Among all the types of NPs, carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) especially draw attention giving the increasing number of applications and integration into consumer products. However the potential impacts of CNPs in the environment remain poorly known. This review aims to point out the critical issues and aspects that will govern the toxicity of CNPs in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Mottier
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, France; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, France; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Éric Pinelli
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, France; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, France; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- CIRIMAT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR CNRS-UPS-INP N°5085, Université Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Bât. CIRIMAT, 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France; CNRS, Institut Carnot Chimie Balard CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
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17
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Mottier A, Mouchet F, Laplanche C, Cadarsi S, Lagier L, Arnault JC, Girard HA, León V, Vázquez E, Sarrieu C, Pinelli É, Gauthier L, Flahaut E. Surface Area of Carbon Nanoparticles: A Dose Metric for a More Realistic Ecotoxicological Assessment. Nano Lett 2016; 16:3514-3518. [PMID: 27124492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles such as graphenes, nanodiamonds, and carbon nanotubes correspond to different allotropes of carbon and are among the best candidates for applications in fast-growing nanotechnology. It is thus likely that they may get into the environment at each step of their life cycle: production, use, and disposal. The aquatic compartment concentrates pollutants and is expected to be especially impacted. The toxicity of a compound is conventionally evaluated using mass concentration as a quantitative measure of exposure. However, several studies have highlighted that such a metric is not the best descriptor at the nanoscale. Here we compare the inhibition of Xenopus laevis larvae growth after in vivo exposure to different carbon nanoparticles for 12 days using different dose metrics and clearly show that surface area is the most relevant descriptor of toxicity for different types of carbon allotropes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Mottier
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Christophe Laplanche
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Stéphanie Cadarsi
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Laura Lagier
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Hugues A Girard
- CEA LIST , Diamond Sensors Laboratory, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Verónica León
- Departamento da Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ester Vázquez
- Departamento da Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Cyril Sarrieu
- Institut Carnot CIRIMAT (Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux), Université de Toulouse , INP, UPS, UMR CNRS 5085, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
- CNRS , Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Éric Pinelli
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- Institut Carnot CIRIMAT (Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux), Université de Toulouse , INP, UPS, UMR CNRS 5085, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
- CNRS , Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France
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Mouchet F, Teaniniuraitemoana V, Baudrimont M, Daffe G, Gauthier L, Gonzalez P. Recovery capabilities of Xenopus laevis after exposure to Cadmium and Zinc. Chemosphere 2015; 139:117-125. [PMID: 26073702 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.05.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation evaluates the recovery capabilities of Xenopus laevis following 12days of exposure to 30μg CdL(-1) and 1000μg ZnL(-1) alone or mixed, followed by a depuration phase in laboratory conditions. Focused endpoints, which were investigated at different times of depuration, are bioaccumulation of Cd and Zn, micronucleus induction, quantification of metallothioneins (MTs), and expression of genes involved in metal toxicity mechanisms. The results show that at the end of the contamination phase, there was higher metal bioaccumulation capability and MT synthesis in remaining tissues than in the liver. An increased expression of genes involved in detoxification and oxidative stress mechanisms was observed, suggesting an additive effect of both metals and a higher Zn regulation in the liver. During the depuration phase, the results show the recovery capability of Xenopus from 7days of depuration related to metamorphosis processes, which were observed at the end of the experiment. The results confirm the relevance of the amphibian model and the complementarities between a marker of genotoxicity, MT production, bioaccumulation and transcriptional analysis in the evaluation of the ecotoxicological impact. The results also highlight the reversible effects of Cd and Zn toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mouchet
- Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; CNRS, EcoLab, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France.
| | - V Teaniniuraitemoana
- Université Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, équipe Ecotoxicologie Aquatique EA, Place du Dr. B. Peyneau, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - M Baudrimont
- Université Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, équipe Ecotoxicologie Aquatique EA, Place du Dr. B. Peyneau, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - G Daffe
- Université Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, équipe Ecotoxicologie Aquatique EA, Place du Dr. B. Peyneau, 33120 Arcachon, France
| | - L Gauthier
- Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; CNRS, EcoLab, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - P Gonzalez
- Université Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5805 EPOC, équipe Ecotoxicologie Aquatique EA, Place du Dr. B. Peyneau, 33120 Arcachon, France
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Bour A, Mouchet F, Cadarsi S, Silvestre J, Verneuil L, Baqué D, Chauvet E, Bonzom JM, Pagnout C, Clivot H, Fourquaux I, Tella M, Auffan M, Gauthier L, Pinelli E. Toxicity of CeO₂ nanoparticles on a freshwater experimental trophic chain: A study in environmentally relevant conditions through the use of mesocosms. Nanotoxicology 2015; 10:245-55. [PMID: 26152687 DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2015.1053422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity of CeO2 NPs on an experimental freshwater ecosystem was studied in mesocosm, with a focus being placed on the higher trophic level, i.e. the carnivorous amphibian species Pleurodeles waltl. The system comprised species at three trophic levels: (i) bacteria, fungi and diatoms, (ii) Chironomus riparius larvae as primary consumers and (iii) Pleurodeles larvae as secondary consumers. NP contamination consisted of repeated additions of CeO2 NPs over 4 weeks, to obtain a final concentration of 1 mg/L. NPs were found to settle and accumulate in the sediment. No effects were observed on litter decomposition or associated fungal biomass. Changes in bacterial communities were observed from the third week of NP contamination. Morphological changes in CeO2 NPs were observed at the end of the experiment. No toxicity was recorded in chironomids, despite substantial NP accumulation (265.8 ± 14.1 mg Ce/kg). Mortality (35.3 ± 6.8%) and a mean Ce concentration of 13.5 ± 3.9 mg/kg were reported for Pleurodeles. Parallel experiments were performed on Pleurodeles to determine toxicity pathways: no toxicity was observed by direct or dietary exposures, although Ce concentrations almost reached 100 mg/kg. In view of these results, various toxicity mechanisms are proposed and discussed. The toxicity observed on Pleurodeles in mesocosm may be indirect, due to microorganism's interaction with CeO2 NPs, or NP dissolution could have occurred in mesocosm due to the structural complexity of the biological environment, resulting in toxicity to Pleurodeles. This study strongly supports the importance of ecotoxicological assessment of NPs under environmentally relevant conditions, using complex biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Bour
- a CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement) UMR 5245 , ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole , Castanet Tolosan , France .,b International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT) , Aix-en-Provence , France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- a CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement) UMR 5245 , ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole , Castanet Tolosan , France .,b International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT) , Aix-en-Provence , France
| | - Stéphanie Cadarsi
- a CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement) UMR 5245 , ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole , Castanet Tolosan , France .,b International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT) , Aix-en-Provence , France
| | - Jérôme Silvestre
- a CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement) UMR 5245 , ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole , Castanet Tolosan , France .,b International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT) , Aix-en-Provence , France
| | - Laurent Verneuil
- a CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement) UMR 5245 , ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole , Castanet Tolosan , France .,b International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT) , Aix-en-Provence , France
| | - David Baqué
- a CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement) UMR 5245 , ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole , Castanet Tolosan , France
| | - Eric Chauvet
- c CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement) UMR 5245 , Toulouse , France
| | - Jean-Marc Bonzom
- b International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT) , Aix-en-Provence , France .,d Laboratoire de Radioécologie et d'Ecotoxicologie , IRSN (Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire), DEI/SECRE , Cadarache , France
| | - Christophe Pagnout
- b International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT) , Aix-en-Provence , France .,e CNRS, Université de Lorraine, LIEC (Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux) UMR 7360, Metz, France
| | - Hugues Clivot
- b International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT) , Aix-en-Provence , France .,e CNRS, Université de Lorraine, LIEC (Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux) UMR 7360, Metz, France
| | - Isabelle Fourquaux
- f CMEAB (Centre de Microscopie Electronique Appliqué à la Biologie), Université Paul Sabatier, Faculté de Médecine Rangueil , Toulouse , France , and
| | - Marie Tella
- b International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT) , Aix-en-Provence , France .,g CNRS, Université d'Aix-Marseille, CEREGE UMR 7330 , Aix-en-Provence , France
| | - Mélanie Auffan
- b International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT) , Aix-en-Provence , France .,g CNRS, Université d'Aix-Marseille, CEREGE UMR 7330 , Aix-en-Provence , France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- a CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement) UMR 5245 , ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole , Castanet Tolosan , France .,b International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT) , Aix-en-Provence , France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- a CNRS, Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement) UMR 5245 , ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole , Castanet Tolosan , France .,b International Consortium for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (iCEINT) , Aix-en-Provence , France
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Bour A, Mouchet F, Verneuil L, Evariste L, Silvestre J, Pinelli E, Gauthier L. Toxicity of CeO2 nanoparticles at different trophic levels--effects on diatoms, chironomids and amphibians. Chemosphere 2015; 120:230-236. [PMID: 25086917 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present work is to provide wider information on the toxicity of cerium dioxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) in aquatic environments, by studying the toxicity of two types of CeO2 NPs for four species (diatoms Nitzschia palea, the sediment-dwelling invertebrate Chironomus riparius, and the amphibian larvae Xenopus laevis and Pleurodeles waltl.). The two types of CeO2 NPs have different intrinsic properties: some of them are small citrate-coated spheres (2-5 nm), and the others are larger uncoated plates (20-60 nm). Acute toxicity (mortality at 48 or 96 h, depending on the test-organism) was assessed for the four species, from 0.1 to 100 mg L(-1) of NPs. Sub-lethal effects were assessed on chironomids exposed between 0.01 and 1 mg L(-1) of NPs. Mortality, growth inhibition and genotoxic effects were evaluated on amphibian larvae from 0.1 to 10 mg L(-1). Results reveal that no acute toxicity occurs on any species after short exposures, even at the highest concentrations. Mortality (35%) is observed on Xenopus larvae after 12d of exposure at the highest concentration of one type of NPs. No significant effects were observed on chironomids during chronic exposure. Xenopus larvae growth was inhibited from 1 mg L(-1) of both NPs while growth inhibition is observed on Pleurodeles only at the highest concentration of one type of NPs. No genotoxicity was observed on Xenopus but Pleurodeles exhibited dose-dependent genotoxic effects when exposed to one type of NPs. Observed differences in toxicity are discussed focusing on the studied compartment, routes of exposure, species and NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Bour
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INP, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INP, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Laurent Verneuil
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INP, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Lauris Evariste
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INP, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Jérôme Silvestre
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INP, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INP, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INP, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Schepers K, Dirix V, Mouchet F, Verscheure V, Lecher S, Locht C, Mascart F. Early cellular immune response to a new candidate mycobacterial vaccine antigen in childhood tuberculosis. Vaccine 2015; 33:1077-83. [PMID: 25583385 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The search for novel vaccines against tuberculosis (TB) would benefit from in-depths knowledge of the human immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. Here, we characterised in a low TB incidence country, the immune responses to a new candidate vaccine antigen against TB, the heparin-binding haemagglutinin (HBHA), in young children in contact with an active TB case (aTB). Children with no history of BCG vaccination were compared to those vaccinated at birth to compare the initial immune responses to HBHA with secondary immune responses. Fifty-eight children with aTB and 76 with latent TB infection (LTBI) were included and they were compared to 90 non-infected children. Whereas Mtb-infected children globally secreted more interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in response to HBHA compared to the non-infected children, these IFN-γ concentrations were higher in previously BCG-vaccinated compared to non-vaccinated children. The IFN-γ concentrations were similar in LTBI and aTB children, but appeared to differ qualitatively. Whereas the IFN-γ secretion induced by native methylated and recombinant non-methylated HBHA were well correlated for aTB, this was not the case for LTBI children. Thus, Mtb-infected young children develop IFN-γ responses to HBHA that are enhanced by prior BCG vaccination, indicating BCG-induced priming, thereby supporting a prime-boost strategy for HBHA-based vaccines. The qualitative differences between aTB and LTBI in their HBHA-induced IFN-γ responses may perhaps be exploited for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Schepers
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Mucosal Immunity, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium; Immunodeficiency Unit, Hôpital Erasme, Université libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - V Dirix
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Mucosal Immunity, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - F Mouchet
- Department of Pediatrics, CHU Saint-Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - V Verscheure
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Mucosal Immunity, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Lecher
- INSERM U 1019, Lille, France; CNRS, UMR8204, Lille, France; Université de Lille Nord de France, Lille, France; Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - C Locht
- INSERM U 1019, Lille, France; CNRS, UMR8204, Lille, France; Université de Lille Nord de France, Lille, France; Institut Pasteur de Lille, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - F Mascart
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Mucosal Immunity, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium; Immunobiology Clinic, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium.
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Bour A, Mouchet F, Silvestre J, Gauthier L, Pinelli E. Environmentally relevant approaches to assess nanoparticles ecotoxicity: a review. J Hazard Mater 2014; 283:764-777. [PMID: 25464320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite the increasing production and use of nanoparticles (NPs), there is a lack of knowledge about their environmental fate and ecotoxicity. Studies in environmentally relevant conditions are necessary to better assess these parameters, but such studies are rather rare. The present work represents first time that studies on engineered NPs using environmentally relevant exposure methods have been reviewed. These exposure methods differ from standardized protocols and can be classified into three groups: experimental trophic chains that allow study of the trophic route, multi-species exposures under laboratory conditions that allow for complex but controlled exposure and outdoor exposures that are more similar to environmentally realistic conditions. The majority of studies of micro- or mesocosms have focused on NP partitioning and bioaccumulation. The other major parameter that has been studied is NP ecotoxicity, which has been assessed in single species, in single species via the trophic route, and at the community level. The induction of biochemical defense systems, immunomodulation, effects on growth and reproduction, behavioral alterations and mortality have been used as indicators of major toxicity, depending on the species studied. The major effects of NPs on both microbial and algal communities include modifications of community compositions and diversities, decreased biomass and changes in community activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agathe Bour
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement); ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement); ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Jérôme Silvestre
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement); ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement); ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement); ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle et environnement), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.
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Saria R, Mouchet F, Perrault A, Flahaut E, Laplanche C, Boutonnet JC, Pinelli E, Gauthier L. Short term exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes induce oxidative stress and DNA damage in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2014; 107:22-29. [PMID: 24905693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The potential impact of Multiwalled Carbon NanoTubes (MWCNTs) was investigated on Xenopus laevis tadpoles exposed to 0.1, 1 and 10mg/L. Oxidative stress was measured in entire larvae exposed and DNA damage (Comet assay) was carried out in erythrocytes of circulating blood from 2h to 24h according to standardized recommendations. Results showed significant H2O2 production when larvae were exposed to 1mg/L and 10mg/L of MWCNTs after 4h and 2h of exposure, respectively. Antioxidant enzyme activities showed significant induction of catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) from only 2h of exposure to 10mg/L of MWCNTs. In presence of 1mg/L of MWCNTs, only GR and CAT activities were significantly induced at 4h. Enzyme activities do not follow a simple dose-effect relation, but the time of induction is shortened in relation with the tested concentration. The Comet assay results showed significant DNA damages with a dose dependent response. The profiles of DNA damages show fluctuations, in course of time, which are characteristics of oxidative stress response in relation with the continuous balance between damage and compensation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayenne Saria
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab; F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab; F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; Laboratoire Commun NAUTILE (CNRS-UPS-INPT-ARKEMA France), laboratoires EcoLab/CIRIMAT/GRL CNRS, Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
| | - Annie Perrault
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab; F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- Laboratoire Commun NAUTILE (CNRS-UPS-INPT-ARKEMA France), laboratoires EcoLab/CIRIMAT/GRL CNRS, Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse; INP, UPS; EcoLab (Laboratoire d׳Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement); ENSAT, Avenue de l׳Agrobiopole, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; CNRS, Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Laplanche
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab; F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Jean-Charles Boutonnet
- Laboratoire Commun NAUTILE (CNRS-UPS-INPT-ARKEMA France), laboratoires EcoLab/CIRIMAT/GRL CNRS, Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France; Toxicology & Environment Department, 420 rue d׳Estienne d׳Orves, F-92705 Colombes Cedex, Arkema, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab; F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; Laboratoire Commun NAUTILE (CNRS-UPS-INPT-ARKEMA France), laboratoires EcoLab/CIRIMAT/GRL CNRS, Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab; F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; Laboratoire Commun NAUTILE (CNRS-UPS-INPT-ARKEMA France), laboratoires EcoLab/CIRIMAT/GRL CNRS, Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France
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Verneuil L, Silvestre J, Mouchet F, Flahaut E, Boutonnet JC, Bourdiol F, Bortolamiol T, Baqué D, Gauthier L, Pinelli E. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes, natural organic matter, and the benthic diatomNitzschia palea: “A sticky story”. Nanotoxicology 2014; 9:219-29. [DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2014.918202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Doucoure S, Cornelie S, Patramool S, Mouchet F, Demettre E, Seveno M, Dehecq JS, Rutee H, Herve JP, Favier F, Missé D, Gasque P, Remoue F. First screening of Aedes albopictus immunogenic salivary proteins. Insect Mol Biol 2013; 22:411-423. [PMID: 23714164 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Study of the human antibody (Ab) response to Aedes salivary proteins can provide new biomarkers to evaluate human exposure to vector bites. The identification of genus- and/or species-specific proteins is necessary to improve the accuracy of biomarkers. We analysed Aedes albopictus immunogenic salivary proteins by 2D immunoproteomic technology and compared the profiles according to human individual exposure to Ae. albopictus or Ae. aegypti bites. Strong antigenicity to Ae. albopictus salivary proteins was detected in all individuals whatever the nature of Aedes exposure. Amongst these antigenic proteins, 68% are involved in blood feeding, including D7 protein family, adenosine deaminase, serpin and apyrase. This study provides an insight into the repertoire of Ae. albopictus immunogenic salivary proteins for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Doucoure
- MIVEGEC: Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle, , Universities of Montpellier 1 and 2., Montpellier, France.
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Mouchet F, Landois P, Datsyuk V, Puech P, Pinelli E, Flahaut E, Gauthier L. International amphibian micronucleus standardized procedure (ISO 21427-1) for in vivo evaluation of double-walled carbon nanotubes toxicity and genotoxicity in water. Environ Toxicol 2011; 26:136-145. [PMID: 20014232 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Considering the important production of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), it is likely that some of them will contaminate the environment during each step of their life cycle. Nevertheless, there is little known about their potential ecotoxicity. Consequently, the impact of CNTs on the environment must be taken into consideration. This work evaluates the potential impact of well characterized double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) in the amphibian larvae Xenopus laevis under normalized laboratory conditions according to the International Standard micronucleus assay ISO 21427-1:2006 for 12 days of half-static exposure to 0.1-1-10 and 50 mg L(-1) of DWNTs in water. Two different endpoints were carried out: (i) toxicity (mortality and growth of larvae) and (ii) genotoxicity (induction of micronucleated erythrocytes). Moreover, intestine of larvae were analyzed using Raman spectroscopy. The DWNTs synthetized by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) were used as produce (experiment I) and the addition of Gum Arabic (GA) was investigated to improve the stability of the aqueous suspensions (experiment II). The results show growth inhibition in larvae exposed to 10 and 50 mg L(-1) of DWNTs with or without GA. No genotoxicity was evidenced in erythrocytes of larvae exposed to DWNTs, except to 1 mg L(-1) of DWNTs with GA suggesting its potential effect in association with DWNTs at the first nonacutely toxic concentration. The Raman analysis confirmed the presence of DWNTs into the lumen of intestine but not in intestinal tissues and cells, nor in the circulating blood of exposed larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Mouchet
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INP, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle), ENSAT, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
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Mouchet F, Landois P, Puech P, Pinelli E, Flahaut E, Gauthier L. Carbon nanotube ecotoxicity in amphibians: assessment of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and comparison with double-walled carbon nanotubes. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2010; 5:963-74. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The potential impact of industrial multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) was investigated under normalized laboratory conditions according to the International Standard micronucleus assay ISO 21427–1 for 12 days of half-static exposure to 0.1, 1, 10 and 50 mg/l of MWNTs in water. Three different end points were carried out for 12 days of exposure: mortality, growth inhibition and micronuclei induction in erythrocytes of the circulating blood of larvae. Raman spectroscopy analysis was used to study the presence of carbon nanotubes in the biological samples. Considering the high diversity of carbon nanotubes according to their different characteristics, MWNTs were analyzed in Xenopus larvae, comparatively to double-walled carbon nanotubes used in a previous study in similar conditions. Growth inhibition in larvae exposed to 50 mg/l of MWNTs was evidenced; however, no genetoxicity (micronucleus assay) was noticed, at any concentration. Carbon nanotube localization in the larvae leads to different possible hypothesis of mechanisms explaining toxicity in Xenopus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Perine Landois
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INP, Institut Carnot Cirimat, 118, route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
- CNRS, Institut Carnot Cirimat, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Pascal Puech
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INSA, CEMES, 29, rue Jeanne Marvig, BP 94347, F-31055 Toulouse cedex, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INP; EcoLab (Laboratoire d’écologie fonctionnelle), ENSAT, Avenue de l’Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d’écologie fonctionnelle), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INP, Institut Carnot Cirimat, 118, route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
- CNRS, Institut Carnot Cirimat, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, INP; EcoLab (Laboratoire d’écologie fonctionnelle), ENSAT, Avenue de l’Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- CNRS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d’écologie fonctionnelle), F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Marquis O, Miaud C, Ficetola GF, Boscher A, Mouchet F, Guittonneau S, Devaux A. Variation in genotoxic stress tolerance among frog populations exposed to UV and pollutant gradients. Aquat Toxicol 2009; 95:152-161. [PMID: 19818516 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2009.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2009] [Revised: 09/05/2009] [Accepted: 09/08/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Populations of widely distributed species can be subjected to unequal selection pressures, producing differences in rates of local adaptation. We report a laboratory experiment testing tolerance variation to UV-B and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) among common frog (Rana temporaria) populations according to their natural exposure level in the field. Studied populations were naturally distributed along two gradients, i.e. UV-B radiation with altitude and level of contamination by PAHs with the distance to emitting sources (road traffic). Tadpoles from eight populations were subjected to (1) no or high level of artificial UV-B; (2) four concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) (0, 50, 250, 500microgL(-1)); (3) simultaneously to UV-B and BaP. Since both stressors are genotoxic, the number of micronucleated erythrocytes (MNE) in circulating red blood cells was used as a bioindicator of tadpole sensitivity. High-altitude populations appear to be locally adapted to better resist UV-B genotoxicity, as they showed the lowest MNE numbers. Conversely, no correlation was observed between levels of PAH contamination in the field and tadpole tolerance to BaP in the laboratory, indicating the absence of local adaptation for BaP tolerance in these populations. Nevertheless, the decrease of MNE formation due to BaP exposure with altitude suggests that high-altitude populations were intrinsically more resistant to BaP genotoxicity. We propose the hypothesis of a co-tolerance between UV-B and BaP in high-altitude common frog populations: local adaptation to prevent and/or repair DNA damage induced by UV-B could also protect these highland populations against DNA damage induced by BaP. The results of this study highlight the role of local adaptation along pollutant gradients leading to tolerance variation, which implies that is it necessary to take into account the history of exposure of each population and the existence of co-tolerance that can hide toxic effects of a new pollutant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Marquis
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, UMR CNRS 5553, Université de Savoie, Technolac, Le Bourget du Lac, France
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Coutand M, Deydier E, Cyr M, Mouchet F, Gauthier L, Guilet R, Savaete LB, Cren S, Clastres P. Evaluation of laboratory and industrial meat and bone meal combustion residue as cadmium immobilizing material for remediation of polluted aqueous solutions: "chemical and ecotoxicological studies". J Hazard Mater 2009; 166:945-953. [PMID: 19162394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2008.11.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Revised: 11/04/2008] [Accepted: 11/27/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Meat and Bone Meals (MBM) combustion residues (ashes) are calcium and phosphate-rich materials. The aim of this work is to evaluate ashes efficiency for remediation of cadmium-contaminated aqueous solutions, and to assess the bioavailability of cadmium on Xenopus laevis larvae. In this study both industrial (MBM-BA) and laboratory (MBM-LA) ashes are compared regarding their efficiency. Kinetic investigations reveal that cadmium ions are quickly immobilized, with a maximum cadmium uptake at 57 mg Cd(2+)/g of ashes for MBM-LA, two times higher than metal uptake quantity of MBM-BA, in our experimental conditions. Chemical and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) reveal that Cd(2+) is mainly immobilized as Ca(10-x)Cd(x)(PO(4))(6)(OH)(2) by both ashes, whereas otavite, Cd(CO(3)), is also involved for MBM-LA in cadmium uptake. Otavite formation could be explained by the presence of carbonates in MBM-LA, as observed by IR. Genotoxicity of cadmium solution on Xenopus larvae is observed at 0.02, 0.2 and 2mg Cd(2+)/L. However addition of only 0.1g/L MBM-LA inhibits these effects for the above concentration values whereas Cd(2+) bioaccumulation in larvae's liver is similar for both experiments, with and without ashes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Coutand
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INSA; LMDC (Laboratoire Matériaux et Durabilité des Constructions); 135, avenue de Rangueil; F-31 077 Toulouse Cedex 04, France.
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Mouchet F, Landois P, Flahaut E, Pinelli E, Gauthier L. Assessment of the potentialin vivoecotoxicity of Double-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (DWNTs) in water, using the amphibianAmbystoma mexicanum. Nanotoxicology 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390701556080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Mouchet F, Cren S, Deydier E, Guilet R, Gauthier L. Preliminary study of Lead (Pb) immobilization by meat and bone meal combustion residues (MBMCR) in soil: assessment of Pb toxicity (phytotoxicity and genotoxicity) using the tobacco model (Nicotiana tabacum var. xanthi Dulieu). Biometals 2008; 21:443-58. [PMID: 18253838 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-008-9133-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2007] [Accepted: 01/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a major chemical pollutant in the environment. The present investigation evaluates the possible use of Meat and Bone Meal Combustion Residues (MBMCR), to sequester Pb from the soil compartment using the heterozygous tobacco model (Nicotiana tabacum var. xanthi Dulieu) characterized by the a1+ /a1 a2+ /a2 system. The toxic potential of Pb-contaminations (50, 100, 1,000, 2,000 and 10,000 mg Pb kg(-1)) as Pb(NO3) in standard soil was investigated in lab conditions according to three endpoints: (i) acute toxicity of plants (mortality, height and surface area parameters), (ii) Pb-accumulation in roots, stems and leaves, and (iii) genetic effects as the expression of reversion in the leaf of plants. Moreover, chemical investigations of Pb interactions with soil were realized to complete the toxicity evaluation. The results demonstrated that: (i) MBMCR were not acutely toxic or genotoxic to tobacco plants, (ii) Pb is acutely toxic to tobacco plants at 10,000 mg Pb kg(-1) of soil, (ii) but is not genotoxic, and (iii) Pb-bioaccumulation is significant in leaves, stems and roots (from 1,000, 2,000, and 50 mg Pb kg(-1) of soil, respectively). In contrast, in the presence of MBMCR, the toxic impacts of Pb were inhibited and Pb-accumulation in tobacco plants was reduced. In complement, chemical analyses highlighted the high capacity of the standard soil to immobilize Pb. The results suggest that even if Pb is bioavailable from soils to plants, complex mechanisms could occur in plants protecting them from the toxic impact of Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mouchet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle Ecolab, UMR CNRS 5245, Université Paul Sabatier UPS, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, Campus INP-ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326,Auzeville-Tolosane, France.
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Mouchet F, Landois P, Sarremejean E, Bernard G, Puech P, Pinelli E, Flahaut E, Gauthier L. Characterisation and in vivo ecotoxicity evaluation of double-wall carbon nanotubes in larvae of the amphibian Xenopus laevis. Aquat Toxicol 2008; 87:127-137. [PMID: 18313771 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2007] [Revised: 01/15/2008] [Accepted: 01/17/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Because of their outstanding properties, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are being assessed for inclusion in many manufactured products. Due to their massive production and growing number of potential applications, the impact of CNTs on the environment must be taken into consideration. The present investigation evaluates the ecotoxicological potential of double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) in the amphibian larvae Xenopus laevis at a large range of concentrations in water (from 10 to 500 mgL(-1)). Acute toxicity and genotoxicity were analysed after 12 days of static exposure in laboratory conditions. Acute toxicity was evaluated according to the mortality and the growth of larvae. The genotoxic effects were analysed by scoring the micronucleated erythrocytes of the circulating blood of larvae according to the International Standard micronucleus assay. Moreover, histological preparations of larval intestine were prepared after 12 days of exposure for observation using optical and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Finally, the intestine of an exposed larva was prepared on a slide for analyse by Raman imaging. The results showed no genotoxicity in erythrocytes of larvae exposed to DWNTs in water, but acute toxicity at every concentration of DWNTs studied which was related to physical blockage of the gills and/or digestive tract. Indeed, black masses suggesting the presence of CNTs were observed inside the intestine using optical microscopy and TEM, and confirmed by Raman spectroscopy analysis. Assessing the risks of CNTs requires better understanding, especially including mechanistic and environmental investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Mouchet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie fonctionnelle - EcoLab, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR UPS INPT CNRS 5245, Campus INP-ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326 Auzeville-Tolosane, France.
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Mouchet F, Gauthier L, Baudrimont M, Gonzalez P, Mailhes C, Ferrier V, Devaux A. Comparative evaluation of the toxicity and genotoxicity of cadmium in amphibian larvae (Xenopus laevis and Pleurodeles waltl) using the comet assay and the micronucleus test. Environ Toxicol 2007; 22:422-35. [PMID: 17607733 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The toxic and genotoxic potential of Cadmium (CdCl(2)) were evaluated by the micronucleus test (MNT) and comet assay (CA) using amphibian larvae (Xenopus laevis and Pleurodeles waltl). Acute toxicity results showed that Cd is toxic to Xenopus larvae exposed from 2 to 50 mg/L and to Pleurodeles from 5 to 50 mg/L, depending on the nature of the water (reconstituted water containing mineral salts or mineral water MW (Volvic)). The MNT results obtained in MW showed that Cd (2 mg/L) is genotoxic to Xenopus, whereas it was not genotoxic to Pleurodeles at all concentrations tested. The CA established that the genotoxicity of Cd to Xenopus and Pleurodeles larvae depends on the concentration, the exposure times, and the comet parameters (Tail DNA, ETM, OTM, and TL). The CA and MNT results were compared for their ability to detect genotoxic effects, considering the concentrations of Cd applied and the exposure time. The CA showed Cd to be genotoxic from the first day of exposure. In amphibians, the CA appears to be a sensitive and suitable method for detecting genotoxicity such as that caused by Cd.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mouchet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes LEH, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS UPS 5177, 29 Rue Jeanne Marvig, 31055 Toulouse, France.
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Deydier E, Guilet R, Cren S, Pereas V, Mouchet F, Gauthier L. Evaluation of meat and bone meal combustion residue as lead immobilizing material for in situ remediation of polluted aqueous solutions and soils: "chemical and ecotoxicological studies". J Hazard Mater 2007; 146:227-36. [PMID: 17240054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2006] [Revised: 12/01/2006] [Accepted: 12/06/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
As a result of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) crisis, meat and bone meal (MBM) production can no longer be used to feed cattle and must be safely disposed of or transformed. MBM specific incineration remains an alternative that could offer the opportunity to achieve both thermal valorization and solid waste recovery as ashes are calcium phosphate-rich material. The aim of this work is to evaluate ashes efficiency for in situ remediation of lead-contaminated aqueous solutions and soils, and to assess the bioavailability of lead using two biological models, amphibian Xenopus laevis larvae and Nicotiana tabaccum tobacco plant. With the amphibian model, no toxic or genotoxic effects of ashes are observed with concentrations from 0.1 to 5 g of ashes/L. If toxic and genotoxic effects of lead appear at concentration higher than 1 mg Pb/L (1 ppm), addition of only 100 mg of ashes/L neutralizes lead toxicity even with lead concentration up to 10 ppm. Chemical investigations (kinetics and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis) reveals that lead is quickly immobilized as pyromorphite [Pb10(PO4)6(OH)2] and lead carbonate dihydrate [PbCO(3).2H2O]. Tobacco experiments are realized on contaminated soils with 50, 100, 2000 and 10000 ppm of lead with and without ashes amendment (35.3g ashes/kg of soil). Tobacco measurements show that plant elongation is bigger in an ashes-amended soil contaminated with 10000 ppm of lead than on the reference soil alone. Tobacco model points out that ashes present two beneficial actions as they do not only neutralize lead toxicity but also act as a fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Deydier
- Université Paul Sabatier, Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique et Santé - LCIS (LU06), IUT, Avenue G. Pompidou, BP 258, 81104 Castres, France.
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Mouchet F, Cren S, Cunienq C, Deydier E, Guilet R, Gauthier L. Assessment of Lead Ecotoxicity in Water using the Amphibian Larvae (Xenopus laevis) and Preliminary Study of its Immobilization in Meat and Bone Meal Combustion Residues. Biometals 2006; 20:113-27. [PMID: 16823622 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-006-9019-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2006] [Accepted: 05/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a major chemical pollutant of the environment. It has been associated with human activities for the last 6000 years. Quite rightly, it remains a public health concern today. The present investigation evaluates the toxic potential of Pb in larvae of the toad Xenopus laevis after 12 days exposure in lab conditions. Acute toxicity, genotoxicity and Pb bioaccumulation were analyzed. The genotoxic effects were analyzed in the circulating blood from the levels of micronucleus induction according to the French standard micronucleus assay (AFNOR 2000 Association française de normalization. Norme NFT 90-325. Qualité de l'Eau. Evaluation de la génotoxicité au moyen de larves d'amphibien (Xenopus laevis, Pleurodeles waltl)). Lead bioaccumulation was analyzed in the liver of larvae at the end of exposure. Moreover, the toxic potential of lead, in aquatic media, was investigated in the presence of meat and bone meal combustion residues (MBMCR) known to be rich in phosphates and a potential immobiliser of lead. Previously, acute toxicity and genotoxicity of MBMCR alone were evaluated using Xenopus larvae. The results obtained in the present study demonstrated: (i) that lead is acutely toxic and genotoxic to amphibian larvae from 1 mg Pb/l and its bioaccumulation is significant in the liver of larvae from the lowest concentration of exposure (1 microg Pb/l), (ii) MBMCR were not acutely toxic nor genotoxic in Xenopus larvae, (iii) lead in presence of MBMCR induced inhibition or reduction of the toxic and genotoxic potential of lead in water at concentrations that do not exceed the capacity of MBMCR of Pb-binding (iv) Pb accumulation in larvae exposed to lead with MBMCR in water was lower than Pb-accumulation in larvae exposed to lead alone except at the concentration of 0.01 mg Pb/l suggesting complex mechanisms of MBMCR interaction in organisms. The results confirm the high toxicity and genotoxicity of lead in the aquatic compartment and suggest the potential utility of MBMCR for use in remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mouchet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes, Université Paul Sabatier - LEH, UMR CNRS UPS 5177, 29 Rue Jeanne Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France.
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Mouchet F, Baudrimont M, Gonzalez P, Cuenot Y, Bourdineaud JP, Boudou A, Gauthier L. Genotoxic and stress inductive potential of cadmium in Xenopus laevis larvae. Aquat Toxicol 2006; 78:157-66. [PMID: 16616381 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2006.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2005] [Revised: 02/23/2006] [Accepted: 02/24/2006] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation evaluates the toxic potential of Cd in larvae of the frog Xenopus laevis after 12 days of exposure to environmentally relevant contamination levels, close to those measured in the river Lot (France). Several genotoxic and detoxification mechanisms were analyzed in the larvae: clastogenic and/or aneugenic effects in the circulating blood by micronucleus (MN) induction, metallothionein (MT) production in whole larvae, gene analyses and Cd content in the liver and also in the whole larvae. The results show: (i) micronucleus induction at environmental levels of Cd contamination (2, 10, 30 microgL(-1)); (ii) an increased and concentration-dependent quantity of MT in the whole organism after contamination with 10 and 30 microgCdL(-1) (a three- and six-fold increase, respectively) although no significant difference was observed after contamination with 2 microgCdL(-1); (iii) Cd uptake by the whole organism and by the liver as a response to Cd exposure conditions; (4) up-regulation of the genes involved in detoxification processes and response to oxidative stress, while genes involved in DNA repair and apoptosis were repressed. The results confirm the relevance of the amphibian model and highlight the complementarity between a marker of genotoxicity, MT production, bioaccumulation and genetic analysis in the evaluation of the ecotoxicological impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mouchet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes LEH, UMR CNRS UPS 5177, Université Paul Sabatier, 29 Rue Jeanne Marvig, 31400 Toulouse, France.
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Mouchet F, Gauthier L, Mailhes C, Ferrier V, Devaux A. Comparative evaluation of genotoxicity of captan in amphibian larvae (Xenopus laevis and Pleurodeles waltl) using the comet assay and the micronucleus test. Environ Toxicol 2006; 21:264-77. [PMID: 16646022 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Captan (N-trichloromethylthio-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide) is a fungicide used to inhibit the growth of many types of fungi on plants used as foodstuffs. The toxic and genotoxic potentials of captan were evaluated with the micronucleus test (MNT; AFNOR,2000) and the comet assay (CA) using amphibian larvae (Xenopus laevis and Pleurodeles waltl). Acute toxicity results showed that captan was toxic (1) to Xenopus larvae exposed to from 2 mg/L to 125 or 62.5 microg/L, depending on the nature of the water [reconstituted water containing mineral salts or mineral water (MW; Volvic, Danone, France)] and (2) to Pleurodeles exposed to from 2 mg/L to 125 microg/L in both types of water. The MNT results obtained in MW showed that captan (62.5 microg/L) was genotoxic to Xenopus but not genotoxic to Pleurodeles at all concentrations tested. CA established that the genotoxicity of captan to Xenopus and Pleurodeles larvae depended on the concentration, the exposure times, and the comet parameters (tail DNA, TEM, OTM, and TL). The CA and MNT results were compared for their ability to detect DNA damage at the concentrations of captan and the exposure times applied. CA showed captan to be genotoxic from the first day of exposure. In amphibians, CA appears to be a sensitive and suitable method for detecting genotoxicity such as that caused by captan.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mouchet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes--LEH, UMR CNRS UPS 5177, 29 Rue Jeanne Marvig, 31055 Toulouse, France.
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Mouchet F, Gauthier L, Mailhes C, Jourdain MJ, Ferrier V, Triffault G, Devaux A. Biomonitoring of the genotoxic potential of aqueous extracts of soils and bottom ash resulting from municipal solid waste incineration, using the comet and micronucleus tests on amphibian (Xenopus laevis) larvae and bacterial assays (Mutatox and Ames tests). Sci Total Environ 2006; 355:232-46. [PMID: 16442436 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2004] [Accepted: 02/18/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The management of contaminated soils and wastes is a matter of considerable human concern. The present study evaluates the genotoxic potential of aqueous extracts of two soils (leachates) and of bottom ash resulting from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWIBA percolate), using amphibian larvae (Xenopus laevis). Soil A was contaminated by residues of solvents and metals and Soil B by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and metals. MSWIBA was predominantly contaminated by metals. Two genotoxic endpoints were analysed in circulating erythrocytes taken from larvae: clastogenic and/or aneugenic effects (micronucleus induction) after 12 days of exposure and DNA-strand-breaking potency (comet assay) after 1 and 12 days of exposure. In addition, in vitro bacterial assays (Mutatox and Ames tests) were carried out and the results were compared with those of the amphibian test. Physicochemical analyses were also taken into account. Results obtained with the amphibians established the genotoxicity of the aqueous extracts and the comet assay revealed that they were genotoxic from the first day of exposure. The latter test could thus be considered as a genotoxicity-screening tool. Although genotoxicity persisted after 12 days' exposure, DNA damage decreased overall between days 1 and 12 in the MSWIBA percolate, in contrast to the soil leachates. Bacterial tests detected genotoxicity only for the leachate of soil A (Mutatox). The results confirm the ecotoxicological relevance of the amphibian model and underscore the importance of bioassays, as a complement to physico-chemical data, for risk evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mouchet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes -LEH, FRE CNRS UPS 2630, Centre Universitaire de formation et de Recherche Jean-François Champollion, Campus d'Albi, place de Verdun, 81012 Albi Cedex 9, France.
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Mouchet F, Gauthier L, Mailhes C, Jourdain MJ, Ferrier V, Devaux A. Biomonitoring of the genotoxic potential of draining water from dredged sediments, using the comet and micronucleus tests on amphibian (Xenopus laevis) larvae and bacterial assays (Mutatox and Ames tests). J Toxicol Environ Health A 2005; 68:811-32. [PMID: 16020178 DOI: 10.1080/15287390590930234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Management of contaminated dredged sediments is a matter of great human concern. The present investigation evaluates the genotoxic potential of aqueous extracts of five sediments from French channels (draining water from dredged sediments), using larvae of the frog Xenopus laevis. Two genotoxic endpoints were analyzed in larvae: clastogenic and/or aneugenic effects (micronucleus induction after 12 d of exposure) and DNA-strand breaking potency (comet assay after 1 and 12 d of exposure) in the circulating blood. Additionally, in vitro bacterial assays (Microtox and Ames tests) were carried out and the results were compared with those obtained with larvae. Physicochemical analyses were also taken into account. Analytical analyses highlighted in the five draining waters a heavy load of contaminants such as metals and hydrocarbons. The results obtained with the micronucleus test established the genotoxicity of three draining waters. The comet assay showed that all 5 draining waters were genotoxic after 1 d of exposure. Although 3 of them were still genotoxic after 12 d of exposure, DNA damage globally decreased between d 1 and 12. The comet assay can be considered as a genotoxicity-screening tool. Data indicate that both tests should be used in conjunction in Xenopus. Bacterial tests (Ames) revealed genotoxicity for only one draining water. The results confirm the relevance of the amphibian model and the need to resort to bioassays in vivo such as the Xenopus micronucleus and comet assays for evaluation of the ecotoxicological impact, an essential complement to the physicochemical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mouchet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes, Centre Universitaire de formation et de Recherche Jean-François Champollion, Campus d'Albi, Albi cedex, France.
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Mouchet F, Gauthier L, Mailhes C, Ferrier V, Devaux A. Comparative study of the comet assay and the micronucleus test in amphibian larvae (Xenopus laevis) using benzo(a)pyrene, ethyl methanesulfonate, and methyl methanesulfonate: establishment of a positive control in the amphibian comet assay. Environ Toxicol 2005; 20:74-84. [PMID: 15712291 DOI: 10.1002/tox.20080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation explored the potential use of the comet assay (CA) as a genotoxicity test in the amphibian Xenopus laevis and compared it with the French standard micronucleus test (MNT). Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) were used as model compounds for assessing DNA damage. Damage levels were measured as DNA strand breaks after alkaline electrophoresis of nuclei isolated from larval amphibian erythrocytes using the CA in order to establish a positive control for further ecotoxicological investigations. The results led to the selection of MMS as a positive control on the basis of the higher sensitivity of Xenopus laevis to this compound. The CA and MNT were compared for their ability to detect DNA damage with the doses of chemical agents and exposure times applied. EMS and MMS were shown to increase micronucleus and DNA strand break formation in larval erythrocytes concurrently. However, B[a]P increased micronucleus formation but not that of DNA strand breaks. Time-dose experiments over 12 days of exposure suggest that the CA provides an earlier significant response to genotoxicants than does the MNT. In Xenopus the CA appears to be a sensitive and suitable method for detecting genotoxicity like that caused by EMS and MMS. It can be considered a genotoxicity-screening tool. The results for B[a]P show that both tests should be used in a complementary manner on Xenopus.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mouchet
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes-LEH, FRE CNRS UPS 2630, Centre Universitaire de Formation et de Recherche Jean-François Champollion, Campus d'Albi, place de Verdun, 81012 Albi cedex 9, France.
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Gauthier L, Tardy E, Mouchet F, Marty J. Biomonitoring of the genotoxic potential (micronucleus assay) and detoxifying activity (EROD induction) in the River Dadou (France), using the amphibian Xenopus laevis. Sci Total Environ 2004; 323:47-61. [PMID: 15081716 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2003.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/03/2003] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Within the framework of a general survey of the water quality of the river Dadou (Tarn, France), different physico-chemical parameters were measured and an inventory of the fish population was made along the water course, around the Rassisse dam. With the aim of monitoring the potential genotoxic effects and the detoxifying activities induced in organisms exposed to the river water, two in vivo bioassays were performed in laboratory experiments, using larvae of the amphibian Xenopus laevis. The first was the micronucleus test, using red blood cells, and the second the assay of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) induction in the liver of exposed animals. Eight water samples were taken from the river and at outlet points from the two major industrial activities of the studied section of the water course: a spar-fluor mine and a water treatment plant. Genotoxic impact and EROD induction were measured in the larvae. The effluent of the filter-washing process from the water treatment plant was found to be particularly genotoxic, even after dilution in pure reconstituted water, but no particular genotoxicity was found, either in Dadou river water, or in the effluents from the mine. On the other hand, most of the water samples tested produced a clear induction of EROD activity compared to the level of enzymatic activity found in the liver of larvae reared in the river water sampled upstream of the industrial activities. These results were interpreted taking into account (i) the high concentrations of pollutants (fluorine and manganese) measured in the river water, (ii) the very low population levels inventoried in the downstream section of the river and (iii) the possible interactions between the substances present in the river water, particularly the classical EROD inducers PAHs and PCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laury Gauthier
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes, FRE CNRS UPS 2630, Centre Universitaire de formation et de Recherche Jean-François Champollion, campus d'Albi, place de Verdun, 81012 Albi Cedex 9, France.
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Devillers J, Chezeau A, Thybaud E, Poulsen V, Graff L, Vasseur P, Chenon P, Mouchet F, Ferrier V, Quiniou F. Ecotoxicity of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether and its acetate. Toxicol Mech Methods 2002; 12:241-54. [PMID: 20021166 DOI: 10.1080/15376520208951161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) and ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate (EGMEA) have been tested for their acute and chronic toxicity to various organisms occupying different trophic levels in the aquatic ecosystems. The results obtained in this study and those collected from the literature clearly reveal that EGME does not present short- or long-term ecotoxic effects in the ranges of concentrations likely to be found in aquatic environments. Indeed, in general, concentrations of 1000 to 10,000 mg/L of EGME are necessary before significant adverse effects can be observed in aquatic species. Conversely, acute toxicity occurs in fish at about 50 mg/L of EGMEA, and reproduction of Ceriodaphnia dubia is affected by 0.06 mg/L of this chemical. A teratogenic effect-with a specific malformation of the eyes-occurs in Xenopus laevis in the presence of 75 mg/L of EGMEA. This study was partially supported by the French Ministry of the Environment as part of the PNETOX program (1998).
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Devillers J, Chezeau A, Thybaud E, Poulsen V, Porcher JM, Graff L, Vasseur P, Mouchet F, Ferrier V, Quiniou F. Ecotoxicity of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and its acetate. Toxicol Mech Methods 2002; 12:255-63. [PMID: 20021167 DOI: 10.1080/15376520208951162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (EGBE) and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether acetate (EGBEA) were tested for their acute and chronic toxicity to various organisms occupying different trophic levels in the aquatic ecosystems. The obtained results and those collected from the literature clearly show that EGBE affects the survival, growth, and reproduction of aquatic organisms only at concentrations of approximately 100 mg/L or more. EGBEA appears to be slightly more ecotoxic to aquatic species. At 1000 and 10,000 mg/L, both chemicals strongly affect the early stages of development of the Japanese oyster, but such concentrations are too high to be found in aquatic environments. Micronucleus tests on Xenopus laevis show that EGBE and EGBEA are not genotoxic in the range of concentrations tested. Consequently, neither chemical presents a risk to the aquatic environment. EGBE does affect the gonadosomatic index of adult male zebra fish (Danio rerio); however, these are preliminary results and must be confirmed by additional experiments. This study was partially supported by the French Ministry of the Environment as part of the PNETOX program (1998).
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Mondain M, Mouchet F, Marlier F, Makeieff M, Biboulet R, Uziel A. [Chemical labyrinthectomy: results and applications]. Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac 1998; 115:234-42. [PMID: 9827191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
GOAL OF THE STUDY Unilateral Menière's disease can be treated by chemical labyrinthectomy. The goal of this work was to report our clinical experience with chemical labyrinthectomy, and to discuss the respective value of labyrinthectomy and of vestibular neurotomy for treating unilateral Menière's disease. METHODS Twelve patients underwent chemical labyrinthectomy using middle ear gentamicin infusion. Before treatment, patients had a pure tone audiogram and a vestibular caloric testing. After treatment, patients had a clinical assessment at 1 and 6 months after treatment (pure-tone audiogram, vestibular caloric testing), and answered a questionnaire at 1 and 2 years following the treatment (number of vertigo attacks, ataxia, tinnitus, subjective assessment of the method by the patient). RESULTS At two years post-treatment, the vertigo cure rate was 91.6% (ABC using AAOO criteria), vestibular function was abolished in 70% of cases, ataxia was reported in 42% of patients, 16.6% of patients had hearing deterioration above 20 dB HL (C following AAOO criteria), tinnitus was decreased in 50% of cases. Of 12 patients, 8 were satisfied. CONCLUSION Chemical labyrinthectomy cures vertigo in Menière's disease, with similar cure rate than vestibular neurotomy. Minor complications can occur with chemical labyrinthectomy. This method should be used in more patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mondain
- Service ORL, CHU de Montpellier, France
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Mouchet F, Théron A, Brémond P, Sellin E, Sellin B, Theron A, Bremond P. Pattern of Cercarial Emergence of Schistosoma curassoni from Niger and Comparison with Three Sympatric Species of Schistosomes. J Parasitol 1992. [DOI: 10.2307/3283687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Mouchet F, Théron A, Brémond P, Sellin E, Sellin B. Pattern of cercarial emergence of Schistosoma curassoni from Niger and comparison with three sympatric species of schistosomes. J Parasitol 1992; 78:61-3. [PMID: 1738069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence pattern of Schistosoma curassoni cercariae from Bulinus umbilicatus, whose adult worms parasitize bovine, caprine, and ovine ungulates in Niger, is of a circadian type with a mean emission time at 0855 hr +/- 1 hr 6 min, characteristic of the schistosome species parasitizing domestic or wild cattle. The comparison of this cercarial emergence pattern with those of the other 3 sympatric species of schistosomes (Schistosoma haematobium, Schistosoma bovis, and Schistosoma mansoni) shows a significant difference between the chronobiology of the cercariae infective for human and those infective for bovine hosts. This difference may improve epidemiological surveys based on snail prevalences by allowing the distinction between bulinids infected with human and bovine parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mouchet
- Laboratoire des Schistosomoses, CERMES (ORSTOM/OCCGE), Niamey, Niger
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Vera C, Mouchet F, Bremond P, Sidiki A, Sellin E, Sellin B. Natural infection of Bulinus senegalensis by Schistosoma haematobium in a temporary pool focus in Niger: characterization by cercarial emergence patterns. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1992; 86:62. [PMID: 1566309 DOI: 10.1016/0035-9203(92)90442-f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C Vera
- Laboratoire des Schistosomiases, CERMES, OCCGE-ORSTOM, Niamey, Niger
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Mouchet F, Ninane J, Gosseye S, Verellen C, Bonnier C, Evrard P, Vermylen C, Scheiff JM, Cornu G. Leiomyoma of the suprarenal gland in a child with ataxia-telangiectasia. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 1991; 8:235-41. [PMID: 1742182 DOI: 10.3109/08880019109033457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the occurrence of a leiomyoma of the suprarenal gland in a 10-year-old girl with ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T). Muscle cell tumors are very uncommon in this gland as they are in A-T. Possible reasons for developing nonhematologic tumors in this syndrome are reviewed. A defect in DNA repair mechanisms probably favors, in young children, the expression of tumors normally expected in the aged.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mouchet
- Department of Paediatric Haematology and Oncology, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Develoux M, Alarou A, Mouchet F. High prevalence of giardiasis in an urban population in Niger. J Trop Med Hyg 1990; 93:355-6. [PMID: 2231844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A sample of 2569 persons (1190 m, 1379 f) from Niamey (population 329,000), Niger, showed a giardiasis prevalence of 28.5%. The prevalence was similar between males and females and highest in the age range 3-29 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Develoux
- Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Niamey, Niger
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Affiliation(s)
- F Mouchet
- Antenne ORSTOM, CERMES/OCCGE, Niamey, Niger
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