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Blotevogel S, Schreck E, Laplanche C, Besson P, Saurin N, Audry S, Viers J, Oliva P. Soil chemistry and meteorological conditions influence the elemental profiles of West European wines. Food Chem 2019; 298:125033. [PMID: 31260969 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Elemental profiles of wines have been used successfully to distinguish their geographical provenience around the world; however, underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study, Ba, Ca, Mg, Mn and Sr contents were determined in 215 wines from several West European wine-growing areas using an easy-to-perform analysis based on ICP-OES. Major environmental and wine-making parameters (soil type as "calcareous" or not, rainfall, temperature and wine color) were used to explain variations within the dataset. The combined effects of wine-making processes (expressed by wine color) and soil type explained 28.5% of total variance. The effect of climatic conditions explained 24.1% of variance and could be interpreted as intensity of drought stress. Finally, carbonate occurrence in soils and climatic conditions systematically influenced the elemental composition of the wines. These findings provide insights into the mechanisms underlying elemental fingerprinting and allow prediction of which wine-growing regions can easily be distinguished based on elemental profiles as a marker of the terroir in viticulture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Blotevogel
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.
| | - Eva Schreck
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.
| | - Christophe Laplanche
- Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement (EcoLab), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, INP - ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France.
| | - Philippe Besson
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.
| | - Nicolas Saurin
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UE Pech Rouge 0999, 11430 Gruissan, France.
| | - Stéphane Audry
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.
| | - Jérôme Viers
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.
| | - Priscia Oliva
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, 14 Avenue E. Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.
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Laplanche C, Leunda PM, Boithias L, Ardaíz J, Juanes F. Advantages and insights from a hierarchical Bayesian growth and dynamics model based on salmonid electrofishing removal data. Ecol Modell 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2018.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Walcker R, Gandois L, Proisy C, Corenblit D, Mougin É, Laplanche C, Ray R, Fromard F. Control of "blue carbon" storage by mangrove ageing: Evidence from a 66-year chronosequence in French Guiana. Glob Chang Biol 2018; 24:2325-2338. [PMID: 29474752 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The role of mangroves in the blue carbon stock is critical and requires special focus. Mangroves are carbon-rich forests that are not in steady-state equilibrium at the decadal time scale. Over the last decades, the structure and zonation of mangroves have been largely disturbed by coastal changes and land use conversions. The amount of time since the last disturbance is a key parameter determining forest structure, but it has so far been overlooked in mangrove carbon stock projections. In particular, the carbon sequestration rates among mangrove successional ages after (re)establishment are poorly quantified and not used in large-scale estimations of the blue carbon stock. Here, it is hypothesized that ecosystem age structure significantly modulates mangrove carbon stocks. We analysed a 66-year chronosequence of the aboveground and belowground biomass and soil carbon stock of mangroves in French Guiana, and we found that in the year after forest establishment on newly formed mud banks, the aboveground, belowground and soil carbon stocks averaged 23.56 ± 7.71, 13.04 ± 3.37 and 84.26 ± 64.14 (to a depth of 1 m) Mg C/ha, respectively. The mean annual increment (MAI) in the aboveground and belowground reservoirs was 23.56 × Age-0.52 and 13.20 × Age-0.64 Mg C ha-1 year-1 , respectively, and the MAI in the soil carbon reservoir was 3.00 ± 1.80 Mg C ha-1 year-1 . Our results show that the plant carbon sink capacity declines with ecosystem age, while the soil carbon sequestration rate remains constant over many years. We suggest that global projections of the above- and belowground reservoirs of the carbon stock need to account for mangrove age structures, which result from historical changes in coastal morphology. Our work anticipates joint international efforts to globally quantify the multidecadal mangrove carbon balance based on the combined use of age-based parametric equations and time series of mangrove age maps at regional scales.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laure Gandois
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Proisy
- AMAP, IRD, CNRS, CIRAD, INRA, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- French Institute of Pondicherry, Pondicherry, India
| | - Dov Corenblit
- Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS, GEOLAB, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Éric Mougin
- GET, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, IRD, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Raghab Ray
- LEMAR, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Plouzané, France
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Xiong T, Dumat C, Pierart A, Shahid M, Kang Y, Li N, Bertoni G, Laplanche C. Measurement of metal bioaccessibility in vegetables to improve human exposure assessments: field study of soil-plant-atmosphere transfers in urban areas, South China. Environ Geochem Health 2016; 38:1283-1301. [PMID: 26825060 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-016-9796-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The quality of cultivated consumed vegetables in relation to environmental pollution is a crucial issue for urban and peri-urban areas, which host the majority of people at the global scale. In order to evaluate the fate of metals in urban soil-plant-atmosphere systems and their consequences on human exposure, a field study was conducted at two different sites near a waste incinerator (site A) and a highway (site B). Metal concentrations were measured in the soil, settled atmospheric particulate matter (PM) and vegetables. A risk assessment was performed using both total and bioaccessible metal concentrations in vegetables. Total metal concentrations in PM were (mg kg-1): (site A) 417 Cr, 354 Cu, 931 Zn, 6.3 Cd and 168 Pb; (site B) 145 Cr, 444 Cu, 3289 Zn, 2.9 Cd and 396 Pb. Several total soil Cd and Pb concentrations exceeded China's Environmental Quality Standards. At both sites, there was significant metal enrichment from the atmosphere to the leafy vegetables (correlation between Pb concentrations in PM and leaves: r = 0.52, p < 0.05) which depended on the plant species. Total Cr, Cd and Pb concentrations in vegetables were therefore above or just under the maximum limit levels for foodstuffs according to Chinese and European Commission regulations. High metal bioaccessibility in the vegetables (60-79 %, with maximum value for Cd) was also observed. The bioaccessible hazard index was only above 1 for site B, due to moderate Pb and Cd pollution from the highway. In contrast, site A was considered as relatively safe for urban agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- TianTian Xiong
- Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle), Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Camille Dumat
- Centre d'Etude et de Recherche Travail Organisation Pouvoir (CERTOP), UMR5044, Université Toulouse J. Jaurès - Toulouse II, 5 allée A. Machado, 31058, Toulouse, France.
- UMR 1201 DYNAFOR, INP-Toulouse, ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, BP 32607, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France.
| | - Antoine Pierart
- Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle), Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Muhammad Shahid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Vehari, 61100, Pakistan
| | - Yuan Kang
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Georges Bertoni
- UMR 1201 DYNAFOR, INP-Toulouse, ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, BP 32607, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Laplanche
- Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- UMR 5245 CNRS-INP-UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire d'écologie fonctionnelle), Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Mottier A, Mouchet F, Laplanche C, Cadarsi S, Lagier L, Arnault JC, Girard HA, León V, Vázquez E, Sarrieu C, Pinelli É, Gauthier L, Flahaut E. Surface Area of Carbon Nanoparticles: A Dose Metric for a More Realistic Ecotoxicological Assessment. Nano Lett 2016; 16:3514-3518. [PMID: 27124492 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b00348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Engineered nanoparticles such as graphenes, nanodiamonds, and carbon nanotubes correspond to different allotropes of carbon and are among the best candidates for applications in fast-growing nanotechnology. It is thus likely that they may get into the environment at each step of their life cycle: production, use, and disposal. The aquatic compartment concentrates pollutants and is expected to be especially impacted. The toxicity of a compound is conventionally evaluated using mass concentration as a quantitative measure of exposure. However, several studies have highlighted that such a metric is not the best descriptor at the nanoscale. Here we compare the inhibition of Xenopus laevis larvae growth after in vivo exposure to different carbon nanoparticles for 12 days using different dose metrics and clearly show that surface area is the most relevant descriptor of toxicity for different types of carbon allotropes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Mottier
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Christophe Laplanche
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Stéphanie Cadarsi
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Laura Lagier
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Hugues A Girard
- CEA LIST , Diamond Sensors Laboratory, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Verónica León
- Departamento da Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Ester Vázquez
- Departamento da Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha , Avda. Camilo José Cela 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Cyril Sarrieu
- Institut Carnot CIRIMAT (Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux), Université de Toulouse , INP, UPS, UMR CNRS 5085, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
- CNRS , Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Éric Pinelli
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- ECOLAB, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, INPT, UPS, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- ENSAT , Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- Institut Carnot CIRIMAT (Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche et d'Ingénierie des Matériaux), Université de Toulouse , INP, UPS, UMR CNRS 5085, F-31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
- CNRS , Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France
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Mombo S, Schreck E, Dumat C, Laplanche C, Pierart A, Longchamp M, Besson P, Castrec-Rouelle M. Bioaccessibility of selenium after human ingestion in relation to its chemical species and compartmentalization in maize. Environ Geochem Health 2016; 38:869-883. [PMID: 26387097 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-015-9767-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Selenium is a micronutrient needed by all living organisms including humans, but often present in low concentration in food with possible deficiency. From another side, at higher concentrations in soils as observed in seleniferous regions of the world, and in function of its chemical species, Se can also induce (eco)toxicity. Root Se uptake was therefore studied in function of its initial form for maize (Zea mays L.), a plant widely cultivated for human and animal food over the world. Se phytotoxicity and compartmentalization were studied in different aerial plant tissues. For the first time, Se oral human bioaccessibility after ingestion was assessed for the main Se species (Se(IV) and Se(VI)) with the BARGE ex vivo test in maize seeds (consumed by humans), and in stems and leaves consumed by animals. Corn seedlings were cultivated in hydroponic conditions supplemented with 1 mg L(-1) of selenium (Se(IV), Se(VI), Control) for 4 months. Biomass, Se concentration, and bioaccessibility were measured on harvested plants. A reduction in plant biomass was observed under Se treatments compared to control, suggesting its phytotoxicity. This plant biomass reduction was higher for selenite species than selenate, and seed was the main affected compartment compared to control. Selenium compartmentalization study showed that for selenate species, a preferential accumulation was observed in leaves, whereas selenite translocation was very limited toward maize aerial parts, except in the seeds where selenite concentrations are generally high. Selenium oral bioaccessibility after ingestion fluctuated from 49 to 89 % according to the considered plant tissue and Se species. Whatever the tissue, selenate appeared as the most human bioaccessible form. A potential Se toxicity was highlighted for people living in seleniferous regions, this risk being enhanced by the high Se bioaccessibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Mombo
- EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), INP, UPS, ENSAT, Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- EcoLab, CNRS, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Eva Schreck
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, Université de Toulouse, 14 Avenue E. Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Dumat
- CERTOP, UMR5044, Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Maison de la Recherche, 5 allée Antonio Machado, 31058, Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
- INP-ENSAT, Av. Agrobiopôle, BP 32607, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - Christophe Laplanche
- EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), INP, UPS, ENSAT, Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- EcoLab, CNRS, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Antoine Pierart
- EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), INP, UPS, ENSAT, Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
- EcoLab, CNRS, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Mélanie Longchamp
- UPMC, UFR 918 - GESE, Sorbonne Universités, 75005, Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Philippe Besson
- Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Observatoire Midi Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, Université de Toulouse, 14 Avenue E. Belin, 31400, Toulouse, France
| | - Maryse Castrec-Rouelle
- UPMC, CNRS, EPHE, UMR 7619 Metis, Sorbonne Universités, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005, Paris, France
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Devault DA, Laplanche C, Pascaline H, Bristeau S, Mouvet C, Macarie H. Natural transformation of chlordecone into 5b-hydrochlordecone in French West Indies soils: statistical evidence for investigating long-term persistence of organic pollutants. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2016; 23:81-97. [PMID: 26122571 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4865-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Chlordecone (CLD) was an organochlorine insecticide whose previous use resulted in an extensive pollution of the environment with severe health effects and social consequences. A closely related compound, 5b-hydrochlordecone (5b-hydroCLD), has been searched for and often detected in environmental matrices from the geographical area where CLD was applied. The current consensus considered that its presence was not the result of a biotic or abiotic dechlorination of CLD in these matrices but rather the consequence of its presence as impurity (synthesis by-product) in the CLD released into the environment. The aim of the present study was to determine if and to what extent degradation of CLD into 5b-hydroCLD occurred in the field. To test this hypothesis, the ratios of 5b-hydroCLD and CLD concentrations in a dataset of 810 soils collected between 2006 and 2012 in Martinique were compared to the ratios measured in 3 samples of the CLD dust commercial formulations applied in the banana fields of French West Indies (FWI) and 1 sample of the technical-grade CLD corresponding to the active ingredient used in such formulations. Soil data were processed with a hierarchical Bayesian model to account for random measurement errors and data censoring. Any pathway of CLD transformation into 5b-hydroCLD occurring over the long term in FWI soils would indeed change the ratio of 5b-hydroCLD/CLD compared to what it was in the initially applied formulations. Results showed a significant increase of the 5b-hydroCLD/CLD ratio in the soils-25 times greater in soil than in commercial formulations-which suggested that natural CLD transformation into 5b-hydroCLD over the long term occurred in these soils. Results from this study may impact future decisions for the remediation of the polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien A Devault
- EA 929 AIHP-GEODE, Groupe Biospheres, Université des Antilles, Campus de Schœlcher, Schœlcher Cedex, France.
- Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR 8079, CNRS AgroParisTech, Univ. Paris Sud, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - Christophe Laplanche
- INP, UPS, CNRS, ECOLAB (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), ENSAT, Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326, Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Hélène Pascaline
- EA 929 AIHP-GEODE, Groupe Biospheres, Université des Antilles, Campus de Schœlcher, Schœlcher Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien Bristeau
- Division Laboratoires, BRGM, 3 Avenue Claude Guillemin, BP6009, 45060, Orléans Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Mouvet
- Division Eau, Environnement et Ecotechnologies, BRGM, 3 avenue Claude Guillemin, BP6009, 45060, Orléans Cedex, France
| | - Hervé Macarie
- IRD, UMR IMBE, Campus Agro-environnemental Caraïbe, BP 214, 97285, Lamentin, France
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, IMBE, UMR 7263 - IRD 237, 13397, Marseille, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Laplanche
- Université de Toulouse INP UPS EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement) ENSAT Avenue de l‘Agrobiopole 31326 Castanet Tolosan France
- ECOLAB CNRS 31326 Castanet Tolosan France
| | - Tiago A. Marques
- Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modelling, The Observatory, Buchanan Gardens University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9LZ Scotland UK
| | - Len Thomas
- Centre for Research into Ecological and Environmental Modelling, The Observatory, Buchanan Gardens University of St Andrews St Andrews KY16 9LZ Scotland UK
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Saria R, Mouchet F, Perrault A, Flahaut E, Laplanche C, Boutonnet JC, Pinelli E, Gauthier L. Short term exposure to multi-walled carbon nanotubes induce oxidative stress and DNA damage in Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2014; 107:22-29. [PMID: 24905693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The potential impact of Multiwalled Carbon NanoTubes (MWCNTs) was investigated on Xenopus laevis tadpoles exposed to 0.1, 1 and 10mg/L. Oxidative stress was measured in entire larvae exposed and DNA damage (Comet assay) was carried out in erythrocytes of circulating blood from 2h to 24h according to standardized recommendations. Results showed significant H2O2 production when larvae were exposed to 1mg/L and 10mg/L of MWCNTs after 4h and 2h of exposure, respectively. Antioxidant enzyme activities showed significant induction of catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) from only 2h of exposure to 10mg/L of MWCNTs. In presence of 1mg/L of MWCNTs, only GR and CAT activities were significantly induced at 4h. Enzyme activities do not follow a simple dose-effect relation, but the time of induction is shortened in relation with the tested concentration. The Comet assay results showed significant DNA damages with a dose dependent response. The profiles of DNA damages show fluctuations, in course of time, which are characteristics of oxidative stress response in relation with the continuous balance between damage and compensation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayenne Saria
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab; F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Florence Mouchet
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab; F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; Laboratoire Commun NAUTILE (CNRS-UPS-INPT-ARKEMA France), laboratoires EcoLab/CIRIMAT/GRL CNRS, Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
| | - Annie Perrault
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab; F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Emmanuel Flahaut
- Laboratoire Commun NAUTILE (CNRS-UPS-INPT-ARKEMA France), laboratoires EcoLab/CIRIMAT/GRL CNRS, Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France; Université de Toulouse; INP, UPS; EcoLab (Laboratoire d׳Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement); ENSAT, Avenue de l׳Agrobiopole, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; CNRS, Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Christophe Laplanche
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab; F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Jean-Charles Boutonnet
- Laboratoire Commun NAUTILE (CNRS-UPS-INPT-ARKEMA France), laboratoires EcoLab/CIRIMAT/GRL CNRS, Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France; Toxicology & Environment Department, 420 rue d׳Estienne d׳Orves, F-92705 Colombes Cedex, Arkema, France
| | - Eric Pinelli
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab; F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; Laboratoire Commun NAUTILE (CNRS-UPS-INPT-ARKEMA France), laboratoires EcoLab/CIRIMAT/GRL CNRS, Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Laury Gauthier
- Université de Toulouse; UPS, INP; EcoLab; ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, F-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France; CNRS; EcoLab; F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; Laboratoire Commun NAUTILE (CNRS-UPS-INPT-ARKEMA France), laboratoires EcoLab/CIRIMAT/GRL CNRS, Institut Carnot CIRIMAT, F-31062 Toulouse, France
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10
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Schreck E, Laplanche C, Le Guédard M, Bessoule JJ, Austruy A, Xiong T, Foucault Y, Dumat C. Influence of fine process particles enriched with metals and metalloids on Lactuca sativa L. leaf fatty acid composition following air and/or soil-plant field exposure. Environ Pollut 2013; 179:242-9. [PMID: 23694728 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2013] [Revised: 04/17/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the effect of both foliar and root uptake of a mixture of metal(loid)s on the fatty acid composition of plant leaves. Our objectives are to determine whether both contamination pathways have a similar effect and whether they interact. Lactuca sativa L. were exposed to fine process particles enriched with metal(loid)s in an industrial area. Data from a first experiment were used to conduct an exploratory statistical analysis which findings were successfully cross-validated by using the data from a second one. Both foliar and root pathways impact plant leaf fatty acid composition and do not interact. Z index (dimensionless quantity), weighted product of fatty acid concentration ratios was built up from the statistical analyses. It provides new insights on the mechanisms involved in metal uptake and phytotoxicity. Plant leaf fatty acid composition is a robust and fruitful approach to detect and understand the effects of metal(loid) contamination on plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Schreck
- INP, UPS, EcoLab-Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement, ENSAT, Université de Toulouse, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
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11
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Schreck E, Bonnard R, Laplanche C, Leveque T, Foucault Y, Dumat C. DECA: a new model for assessing the foliar uptake of atmospheric lead by vegetation, using Lactuca sativa as an example. J Environ Manage 2012; 112:233-9. [PMID: 22940122 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2012] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In the context of peri-urban atmospheric pollution by industrial lead recycling emissions, metal can transfer to plant shoots. Home gardeners consuming their produce can therefore be exposed to metal pollution. The Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol (HHRAP) model from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) classically used in risk assessment provides foliar metal uptake predictions for large farms but is not adapted to cultures in kitchen gardens. Thus, this study developed a new model, entitled "DECA", which includes individually measured parameters and the washing of vegetables before human consumption. Results given by DECA and HHRAP models were compared with experimental measurements of lettuce. The data calculated by the DECA model were highly correlated with the measured values; the HHRAP model overestimates foliar lead uptake. Moreover, strong influences of factor of washing and time-dependent variations of loss coefficient were highlighted. Finally, the DECA model provided important risk assessment data regarding consumption of vegetables from kitchen gardens.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Schreck
- Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
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12
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Laplanche C. Bayesian three-dimensional reconstruction of toothed whale trajectories: passive acoustics assisted with visual and tagging measurements. J Acoust Soc Am 2012; 132:3225-33. [PMID: 23145606 DOI: 10.1121/1.4757740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The author describes and evaluates a Bayesian method to reconstruct three-dimensional toothed whale trajectories from a series of echolocation signals. Localization by using passive acoustic data (time of arrival of source signals at receptors) is assisted by using visual data (coordinates of the whale when diving and resurfacing) and tag information (movement statistics). The efficiency of the Bayesian method is compared to the standard minimum mean squared error statistical approach by comparing the reconstruction results of 48 simulated sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) trajectories. The use of the advanced Bayesian method reduces bias (standard deviation) with respect to the standard method up to a factor of 8.9 (13.6). The author provides open-source software which is functional with acoustic data which would be collected in the field from any three-dimensional receptor array design. This approach renews passive acoustics as a valuable tool to study the underwater behavior of toothed whales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Laplanche
- Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, CNRS, EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France.
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13
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Lecomte JB, Laplanche C. A length-based hierarchical model of brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) growth and production. Biom J 2012; 54:108-26. [PMID: 22213114 DOI: 10.1002/bimj.201100083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2011] [Revised: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We present a hierarchical Bayesian model (HBM) to estimate the growth parameters, production, and production over biomass ratio (P/B) of resident brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) populations. The data which are required to run the model are removal sampling and air temperature data which are conveniently gathered by freshwater biologists. The model is the combination of eight submodels: abundance, weight, biomass, growth, growth rate, time of emergence, water temperature, and production. Abundance is modeled as a mixture of Gaussian cohorts; cohorts centers and standard deviations are related by a von Bertalanffy growth function; time of emergence and growth rate are functions of water temperature; water temperature is predicted from air temperature; biomass, production, and P/B are subsequently computed. We illustrate the capabilities of the model by investigating the growth and production of a brown trout population (Neste d'Oueil, Pyrénées, France) by using data collected in the field from 2005 to 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Lecomte
- Université de Toulouse, INP, UPS, EcoLab (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement), ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
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14
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Polard T, Jean S, Gauthier L, Laplanche C, Merlina G, Sánchez-Pérez JM, Pinelli E. Mutagenic impact on fish of runoff events in agricultural areas in south-west France. Aquat Toxicol 2011; 101:126-134. [PMID: 20970859 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Revised: 09/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
When heavy rainfall follows herbicide application, the intense surface runoff causes stream water contamination. Aquatic organisms are then briefly exposed to a complex mixture of contaminants. The aim of the present study is to investigate the genotoxic impact of such events on fish. A model fish, the Crucian carp (Carassius carassius) was exposed in controlled conditions, for 4 days, to water sampled daily in the Save River (France). The watershed of this stream is representative of agricultural areas in south-west France. Three hydrological conditions were compared: basal flow, winter flood, and spring flood. Chemical analysis of the water samples confirmed the higher contamination of the spring flood water, mainly explained by a peak of metolachlor. Genotoxicity was evaluated by micronucleus (MN) test and comet assay in peripheral erythrocytes. A significant increase in DNA breakdowns compared to controls was detected by the comet assay for all conditions. Exposure to spring flood water resulted in the highest damage induction. Moreover, induced chromosomal damage was only detected in this condition. In addition, fish were exposed, for 4 days, to an experimental mixture of 5 herbicides representative of the spring flood water contamination. Fish exhibited moderate DNA damage induction and no significant chromosomal damage. The mutagenicity induced by field-collected water is then suspected to be the result of numerous interactions between contaminants themselves and environmental factors, stressing the use of realistic exposure conditions. The results revealed a mutagenic impact of water contamination during the spring flood, emphasizing the need to consider these transient events in water quality monitoring programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Polard
- Université de Toulouse, INPT, UPS, ECOLAB (Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle), Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Castanet Tolosan, France
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Polard T, Jean S, Merlina G, Laplanche C, Pinelli E, Gauthier L. Giemsa versus acridine orange staining in the fish micronucleus assay and validation for use in water quality monitoring. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2011; 74:144-149. [PMID: 20828819 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2010.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2009] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 08/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This study concerns a comparative analysis of the acridine orange and Giemsa staining procedures for the fish erythrocyte micronucleus assay. The goal was to optimize the assay in the context of field water monitoring. Fish (Carassius carassius) were exposed to a reference genotoxic agent, cyclophosphamide monohydrate 5 mg l(-1) for 2, 4, and 6 days before testing. Slides from each individual were scored using the two procedures. The results show that the assay was more sensitive when acridine orange was used. When slides were Giemsa stained, the presence of ambiguous artefacts, leading to false positives and increasing random variance, reduced the contrast between exposed and control samples. Acridine Orange staining was then applied in the context of water quality monitoring. Fish were exposed for 4 days to water sampled in two hydrological contexts: basal flow and spring flood. The results show that exposure to spring flood water in an agricultural stream can induce mutagenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Polard
- Université de Toulouse; INP-ENSAT, Avenue de l'Agrobiopôle, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Laplanche C. A Hierarchical Model to Estimate Fish Abundance in Alpine Streams by using Removal Sampling Data from Multiple Locations. Biom J 2010; 52:209-21. [DOI: 10.1002/bimj.200900130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Devault DA, Gérino M, Laplanche C, Julien F, Winterton P, Merlina G, Delmas F, Lim P, Miguel Sánchez-Pérez J, Pinelli E. Herbicide accumulation and evolution in reservoir sediments. Sci Total Environ 2009; 407:2659-2665. [PMID: 19187951 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2008] [Revised: 12/16/2008] [Accepted: 12/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to understand the effect of reservoir configurations on sediment pesticide fate. Two dams were selected on the River Garonne, in southwest France: Carbonne and Golfech, both with reservoirs subject to accumulation of herbicide-contaminated sediment. They are situated upstream and downstream respectively of an agricultural and urban area: the Mid-Garonne. The results presented include pesticide concentrations and C/N ratios in the smaller sediment particles (<2 mm) and values of oxygenation and herbicide concentrations in the water. The dynamic behaviour of sediment in the reservoirs is discussed. The present study shows that the theoretical lifespan (weak remanence in vitro) and the results actually observed in the sediment are conflicting. Pesticide contamination in Carbonne indicates conservation, even accumulation, of herbicide molecules while in Golfech transformation processes clearly dominate. The hydromorphological position of Golfech reservoir, i.e. located at the junction of two rivers with contrasting hydrological regimes and very different oxygenation conditions, leads to accelerated pesticide desorption or degradation. Unfortunately, this configuration is rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damien A Devault
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie fonctionnelle ECOLAB UMR 5245 CNRS-UPS-INPT, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, Institut National Polytechnique, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France.
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Laplanche C. A Bayesian method to estimate the depth and the range of phonating sperm whales using a single hydrophone. J Acoust Soc Am 2007; 121:1519-28. [PMID: 17407889 DOI: 10.1121/1.2436644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Some bioacousticians have used a single hydrophone to calculate the depth/range of phonating diving animals. The standard one-hydrophone localization method uses multipath transmissions (direct path, sea surface, and seafloor reflections) of the animal phonations as a substitute for a vertical hydrophone array. The standard method requires three multipath transmissions per phonation. Bioacousticians who study foraging sperm whales usually do not have the required amount of multipath transmissions. However, they usually detect accurately (using shallow hydrophones towed by research vessels) direct path transmissions and sea surface reflections of sperm whale phonations (clicks). Sperm whales emit a few thousand clicks per foraging dive, therefore researchers have this number of direct path transmissions and this number of sea surface reflections per dive. The author describes a Bayesian method to combine the information contained in those acoustic data plus visual observations. The author's tests using synthetic data show that the accurate estimation of the depth/range of sperm whales is possible using a single hydrophone and without using any seafloor reflections. This method could be used to study the behavior of sperm whales using a single hydrophone in any location no matter what the depth, the relief, or the constitution of the seafloor might be.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Laplanche
- Laboratoire Images, Signaux et Systèmes Intelligents, Groupe Ingénierie des Signaux Neuro-Sensoriels, Université Paris 12, Créteil, France.
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Laplanche C, Adam O, Lopatka M, Motsch JF. Measuring the off-axis angle and the rotational movements of phonating sperm whales using a single hydrophone. J Acoust Soc Am 2006; 119:4074-82. [PMID: 16838549 DOI: 10.1121/1.2184987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The common use of the bent-horn model of the sperm whale sound generator describes sperm whale clicks as the pulse series {p0, p1, p2, p3,...}. Clicks, however, deviate from this standard when recorded using off-axis hydrophones. The existence of additional pulses within the {p0, p1, p2, p3, ...} series can be explained still using the bent-horn model. Multiple reflections on the whale's frontal and distal sacs of the p0 pulse lead to additional sets of pulses detectable using a farfield, off-axis hydrophone. The travel times of some of these additional pulses depend on the whale's orientation. The authors propose a method to estimate the off-axis angle of sperm whale clicks. They also propose a method to determine the nature of the movement (if it is pitch, yaw, or roll) of phonating sperm whales. The application of both methods requires the measurement of the travel time differences between pulses composing a sperm whale click. They lead, using a simple apparatus consisting of a single hydrophone at an unknown depth, to new measurements of the underwater movements of sperm whales. Using these methods shows that sperm whales would methodically scan seawater while searching for prey, by making periodic pitch and yaw movements in sync with their acoustic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Laplanche
- Laboratoire Images, Signaux et Systémes Intelligents, Groupe Ingénierie des Signaux Neuro-Sensoriels, Université Paris XII, France.
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Laplanche C, Adam O, Lopatka M, Motsch JF. Male sperm whale acoustic behavior observed from multipaths at a single hydrophone. J Acoust Soc Am 2005; 118:2677-87. [PMID: 16266187 DOI: 10.1121/1.2033567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Sperm whales generate transient sounds (clicks) when foraging. These clicks have been described as echolocation sounds, a result of having measured the source level and the directionality of these signals and having extrapolated results from biosonar tests made on some small odontocetes. The authors propose a passive acoustic technique requiring only one hydrophone to investigate the acoustic behavior of free-ranging sperm whales. They estimate whale pitch angles from the multipath distribution of click energy. They emphasize the close bond between the sperm whale's physical and acoustic activity, leading to the hypothesis that sperm whales might, like some small odontocetes, control click level and rhythm. An echolocation model estimating the range of the sperm whale's targets from the interclick interval is computed and tested during different stages of the whale's dive. Such a hypothesis on the echolocation process would indicate that sperm whales echolocate their prey layer when initiating their dives and follow a methodic technique when foraging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Laplanche
- Laboratoire Images, Signaux et Systèmes Intelligents Groupe ingénierie des Signaux Neuro-Sensoriels, Université Paris XII, France.
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Gérard MJ, Serrurier D, Laplanche C. [Methods for evaluating nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (1). Effect of the nature of the disease treated on the placebo effect in trials of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents]. Therapie 1983; 38:415-8. [PMID: 6359568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Chavanis P, Laplanche C. [The treatment of adult asthma]. Concours Med 1958; 80:277-8 passim. [PMID: 13500784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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Laplanche C. [Tuberculous pericarditis; Some current clarifications]. Gaz Med Fr 1956; 63:1129-36. [PMID: 13344869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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