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Evans LL, Lee WG, Karimzada M, Patel VH, Aribindi VK, Kwiat D, Graham JL, Cummings DE, Havel PJ, Harrison MR. Evaluation of a Magnetic Compression Anastomosis for Jejunoileal Partial Diversion in Rhesus Macaques. Obes Surg 2024; 34:515-523. [PMID: 38135738 PMCID: PMC10810932 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-023-07012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic surgery remains underutilized for treating type 2 diabetes, as less invasive alternative interventions with improved risk profiles are needed. We conducted a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of a novel magnetic compression device to create a patent limited caliber side-to-side jejunoileal partial diversion in a nonhuman primate model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Using an established nonhuman primate model of diet-induced insulin resistance, a magnetic compression device was used to create a side-to-side jejunoileal anastomosis. Primary outcomes evaluated feasibility (e.g., device mating and anastomosis patency) and safety (e.g., device-related complications). Secondary outcomes evaluated the device's ability to produce metabolic changes associated with jejunoileal partial diversion (e.g., homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR] and body weight). RESULTS Device mating, spontaneous detachment, and excretion occurred in all animals (n = 5). There were no device-related adverse events. Upon completion of the study, ex vivo anastomoses were widely patent with healthy mucosa and no evidence of stricture. At 6 weeks post-device placement, HOMA-IR improved to below baseline values (p < 0.05). Total weight also decreased in a linear fashion (R2 = 0.97) with total weight loss at 6 weeks post-device placement of 14.4% (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The use of this novel magnetic compression device to create a limited caliber side-to-side jejunoileal anastomosis is safe and likely feasible in a nonhuman primate model. The observed glucoregulatory and metabolic effects of a partial jejunoileal bypass with this device warrant further investigation to validate the long-term glucometabolic impact of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren L Evans
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - William G Lee
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Mohammad Karimzada
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Veeshal H Patel
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Vamsi K Aribindi
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Dillon Kwiat
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - James L Graham
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, USA
| | - David E Cummings
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, University of Washington and VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, USA
| | - Peter J Havel
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Department of Nutrition, University of California Davis, Davis, USA
| | - Michael R Harrison
- Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.
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Coutinho W, Halpern B. Pharmacotherapy for obesity: moving towards efficacy improvement. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2024; 16:6. [PMID: 38172940 PMCID: PMC10763391 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01233-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic, recurring, progressive disease and a major public health problem associated with several other diseases that lead to disability, morbidity, and mortality. The prevalence of obesity has increased at pandemic levels, along with increasing weight-related comorbidities and deaths worldwide. Lifestyle interventions alone provide clinically significant long-term weight loss in only a small proportion of individuals, and bariatric surgery is not suitable or desirable for all patients. Historically, anti-obesity medications achieved a mean efficacy with weight loss between 5 and 10%, which significantly impacted several comorbidities and risk factors, but the average efficacy of these medications remained lower than that expected by both patients and health care professionals and eventually curbed long-term use. Moreover, there is no direct evidence on the impact of anti-obesity medications on cardiovascular outcomes. Semaglutide is a newer anti-obesity medication that changes the overall landscape, as phase 3 studies show a mean weight loss near the 15% threshold and significant proportions of patients with a weight loss of greater than 20%. In this review, we focus on the currently available anti-obesity medications, discuss the results of semaglutide, and present perspectives on the future of obesity treatment after semaglutide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walmir Coutinho
- State Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Rua Moncorvo Filho, 90, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20211-340, Brazil.
- Department of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225, Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22541-041, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Halpern
- Department of Endocrinology, Obesity Unit, Hospital das Clínicas Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255, 7Th Floor, Room 7037, São Paulo, SP, 05403-000, Brazil
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3
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Santos FNAD, Pinto LLT, Silva MSDP, Bomfim ES, Lino RDS, Lagares LS, de Almeida LAB, Santos CPCD. The Relation Between the Socioeconomic Levels, Quality of Life Related to Health, Body Self-Image, and Level of Physical Activity in Obese Adults After Bariatric Surgery. Bariatr Surg Pract Patient Care 2021. [DOI: 10.1089/bari.2021.0110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Nunes Almeida dos Santos
- Research Group on Metabolic Diseases, Physical Exercise and Health Technologies, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Lélia Lessa Teixeira Pinto
- Study and Research Group in Health and Human Performance, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Mariana Sousa de Pina Silva
- Research Group on Metabolic Diseases, Physical Exercise and Health Technologies, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Eric Simas Bomfim
- Research Group on Metabolic Diseases, Physical Exercise and Health Technologies, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil
- Department of Physical Education, Obesity Treatment and Surgery Center, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ramon de Souza Lino
- Research Group on Metabolic Diseases, Physical Exercise and Health Technologies, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Laura Souza Lagares
- Research Group on Metabolic Diseases, Physical Exercise and Health Technologies, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Bastos de Almeida
- Research Group on Metabolic Diseases, Physical Exercise and Health Technologies, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador, Brazil
- Laboratory of Physical Activity, Feira de Santana State University, Feira de Santana, Brazil
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Wilson R, Aminian A, Tahrani AA. Metabolic surgery: A clinical update. Diabetes Obes Metab 2021; 23 Suppl 1:63-83. [PMID: 33621412 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic and bariatric surgery has grown beyond 'experimental' weight-loss surgery. As techniques have advanced over the last few decades, so has the growing body of research and evidence, proving that both weight-loss and metabolic health improvement are induced. Metabolic surgery has become the more appropriate term for weight-loss surgery because of the altered gastrointestinal anatomy and subsequent beneficial metabolic effects. Although the tool of metabolic surgery has been well refined, a large portion of the global population does not have adequate access to it. This clinical update aims to (a) inform healthcare providers from all disciplines about the myriad of benefits of metabolic surgery and (b) equip them with the necessary knowledge to bridge the gap between patients in need of metabolic treatment and the therapies in metabolic surgery available to them.
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Key Words
- adjustable gastric banding, atrial fibrillation, bariatric surgery, cancer, cardiovascular disease, gastric bypass, heart failure, hypertension, mortality, obesity, obstructive sleep apnoea, reflux disease, sleeve gastrectomy, type 2 diabetes
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Affiliation(s)
- Rickesha Wilson
- Department of General Surgery, Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ali Aminian
- Department of General Surgery, Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Abd A Tahrani
- Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (CEDAM), Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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Factors influencing the choice between laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Surg Endosc 2020; 35:4691-4699. [PMID: 32909206 DOI: 10.1007/s00464-020-07933-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) continues to be the most commonly performed bariatric operation, several variables influence surgeons' practice patterns and patients' decision-making in the type of bariatric procedure to perform. The aim of this study was to evaluate patient factors that influence the decision between laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) versus LSG. METHODS The Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP) database was queried for patients undergoing LSG and LRYGB between 2015 and 2017. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to evaluate factors associated with performing LRYGB compared to LSG. RESULTS A total of 252,117 (72.3%) LSG and 96,677 (27.7%) LRYGB cases were identified. Patients undergoing LSG were younger (44.3 ± 12.0 vs 45.2 ± 11.8 years; p < 0.01) and had a lower body mass index (BMI; 45.1 ± 7.8 vs 46.2 ± 8.1 kg/m2; p < 0.01). Most of the patients were females (79.4%), white (73.0%), with an American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) class ≤ 3 (96.4%). The factors associated with undergoing LRYGB compared to LSG were diabetes mellitus, gastroesophageal reflux disease, BMI ≥ 50 kg/m2, ASA class > 3, obstructive sleep apnea, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. However, patients with kidney disease, black race, chronic steroid use, age ≥ 60 years, recent smoking history, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and coronary artery disease were more likely to undergo LSG. CONCLUSIONS The decision to perform LRYGB is primarily driven by obesity-associated comorbidities and higher BMI, whereas LSG is more likely to be performed in higher risk patients.
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Iuzzolino E, Kim Y. Barriers impacting an individuals decision to undergo bariatric surgery: A systematic review. Obes Res Clin Pract 2020; 14:310-320. [DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ogassavara NC, Magalhães Dias JG, Pajecki D, de Oliveira Siqueira J, Santo MA, Tess BH. The Edmonton Obesity Staging System: assessing a potential tool to improve the management of obesity surgery in the Brazilian public health services. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2020; 16:40-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2019.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Zevin B, Dalgarno N, Martin M, Grady C, Matusinec J, Houlden R, Birtwhistle R, Smith K, Morkem R, Barber D. Barriers to accessing weight-loss interventions for patients with class II or III obesity in primary care: a qualitative study. CMAJ Open 2019; 7:E738-E744. [PMID: 31836631 PMCID: PMC6910138 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20190072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 1 million Canadians have class II or III obesity; however, access to weight-loss interventions for these patients remains limited. The purpose of our study was to identify the barriers to accessing medical and surgical weight-loss interventions from the perspectives of 3 groups: family physicians, patients who were referred for weight-loss intervention and patients who were not referred for weight-loss intervention. METHODS Between November 2017 and May 2018, we conducted a qualitative exploratory research study using focus groups with family physicians and interviews with patients with class II or III obesity from 1 region in southern Ontario. We conducted a thematic analysis to identify emergent themes and used the barriers to change theory to classify the similarities and differences between the perspectives of family physicians, referred patients and nonreferred patients in first- and second-order barriers. RESULTS Seventeen family physicians participated in 7 focus groups (1-4 participants/group), and we interviewed 8 referred patients and 7 nonreferred patients. We identified lack of resource supports, logistics and lack of knowledge about weight-loss interventions as first-order barriers to change, and lack of knowledge about root causes of obesity, lack of patient readiness for change and family physicians' perceptions about surgical weight loss as second-order barriers to change. Family physicians and patients had similar perceptions regarding lack of resource supports in the community, logistical issues, family physicians' lack of knowledge regarding weight-loss interventions, patients' lack of motivation and family physicians' perceptions of bariatric surgery as being high risk. They differed regarding the root cause of obesity, with family physicians attributing obesity to multiple extrinsic and intrinsic causes, whereas patients believed obesity was largely due to intrinsic causes alone. INTERPRETATION It is important to address first- and second-order barriers to accessing weight-loss interventions through continuing professional development activities for family physicians to help ensure effective and timely treatment for patients with class II or III obesity and related comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Zevin
- Department of Surgery (Zevin), Queen's University; Office of Professional Development and Educational Scholarship (Dalgarno), Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science (Dalgarno), Queen's University; Centre for Studies in Primary Care (Martin, Grady, Matusinec, Birtwhistle, Morkem, Barber), Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University; Department of Medicine (Houlden), Queen's University; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Smith), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - Nancy Dalgarno
- Department of Surgery (Zevin), Queen's University; Office of Professional Development and Educational Scholarship (Dalgarno), Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science (Dalgarno), Queen's University; Centre for Studies in Primary Care (Martin, Grady, Matusinec, Birtwhistle, Morkem, Barber), Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University; Department of Medicine (Houlden), Queen's University; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Smith), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - Mary Martin
- Department of Surgery (Zevin), Queen's University; Office of Professional Development and Educational Scholarship (Dalgarno), Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science (Dalgarno), Queen's University; Centre for Studies in Primary Care (Martin, Grady, Matusinec, Birtwhistle, Morkem, Barber), Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University; Department of Medicine (Houlden), Queen's University; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Smith), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - Colleen Grady
- Department of Surgery (Zevin), Queen's University; Office of Professional Development and Educational Scholarship (Dalgarno), Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science (Dalgarno), Queen's University; Centre for Studies in Primary Care (Martin, Grady, Matusinec, Birtwhistle, Morkem, Barber), Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University; Department of Medicine (Houlden), Queen's University; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Smith), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - Jacob Matusinec
- Department of Surgery (Zevin), Queen's University; Office of Professional Development and Educational Scholarship (Dalgarno), Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science (Dalgarno), Queen's University; Centre for Studies in Primary Care (Martin, Grady, Matusinec, Birtwhistle, Morkem, Barber), Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University; Department of Medicine (Houlden), Queen's University; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Smith), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - Robyn Houlden
- Department of Surgery (Zevin), Queen's University; Office of Professional Development and Educational Scholarship (Dalgarno), Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science (Dalgarno), Queen's University; Centre for Studies in Primary Care (Martin, Grady, Matusinec, Birtwhistle, Morkem, Barber), Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University; Department of Medicine (Houlden), Queen's University; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Smith), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - Richard Birtwhistle
- Department of Surgery (Zevin), Queen's University; Office of Professional Development and Educational Scholarship (Dalgarno), Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science (Dalgarno), Queen's University; Centre for Studies in Primary Care (Martin, Grady, Matusinec, Birtwhistle, Morkem, Barber), Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University; Department of Medicine (Houlden), Queen's University; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Smith), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - Karen Smith
- Department of Surgery (Zevin), Queen's University; Office of Professional Development and Educational Scholarship (Dalgarno), Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science (Dalgarno), Queen's University; Centre for Studies in Primary Care (Martin, Grady, Matusinec, Birtwhistle, Morkem, Barber), Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University; Department of Medicine (Houlden), Queen's University; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Smith), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - Rachael Morkem
- Department of Surgery (Zevin), Queen's University; Office of Professional Development and Educational Scholarship (Dalgarno), Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science (Dalgarno), Queen's University; Centre for Studies in Primary Care (Martin, Grady, Matusinec, Birtwhistle, Morkem, Barber), Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University; Department of Medicine (Houlden), Queen's University; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Smith), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont
| | - David Barber
- Department of Surgery (Zevin), Queen's University; Office of Professional Development and Educational Scholarship (Dalgarno), Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Science (Dalgarno), Queen's University; Centre for Studies in Primary Care (Martin, Grady, Matusinec, Birtwhistle, Morkem, Barber), Department of Family Medicine, Queen's University; Department of Medicine (Houlden), Queen's University; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (Smith), Queen's University, Kingston, Ont.
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Taylor T, Wang Y, Rogerson W, Bavin L, Sharon C, Beban G, Evennett N, Gamble G, Cundy T. Attrition after Acceptance onto a Publicly Funded Bariatric Surgery Program. Obes Surg 2019. [PMID: 29525936 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-018-3195-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Factors such as ethnicity, gender, and socioeconomic status may play a role in both access to and attrition from bariatric programs before surgery is undertaken. New Zealand (NZ) has high rates of obesity in its Pacific population and the indigenous Māori. These groups also experience poorer health outcomes and therefore have the greatest need for surgery. METHODOLOGY A retrospective cross-sectional study of 704 people referred for and accepted onto a publicly funded bariatric surgery from 2007 to 2016. The demographic and clinical features of two groups were compared: those that completed surgery successfully (n = 326) and those that dropped out of the program before surgery (n = 378). We also attempted to identify factors associated with attrition. RESULTS The attrition rate was high (54%), with a significant difference according to gender (men 66% vs 45% women, p < 0.001) and ethnicity (39% in NZ Europeans, 50% in Māori, and 73% in Pacific patients, p < 0.001). Two out of three European women proceeded to surgery, but fewer than one in seven Pacific men. Attrition was associated with having a higher mean BMI and being a smoker. Logistic regression modeling showed that while employment seemed to be protective against attrition for NZ Europeans (p < 0.004), it was not for Pacific patients. CONCLUSIONS While there was no obvious bias in rates of referral, there is clearly a need for better ways to support Māori and Pacific people, and men in particular, to complete bariatric surgery. Further research is needed to clarify the socio-economic and cultural barriers that underlie this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamasin Taylor
- Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, AUT University, 90 Akoranga Drive, Northcote, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Yijiao Wang
- University of Auckland (UoA), Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Lynda Bavin
- University of Auckland (UoA), Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Cindy Sharon
- Auckland District Health Board (ADHB), Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Grant Beban
- Auckland District Health Board (ADHB), Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Greg Gamble
- University of Auckland (UoA), Auckland, New Zealand
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10
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The hidden cost of an extensive preoperative work-up: predictors of attrition after referral for bariatric surgery in a universal healthcare system. Surg Endosc 2019; 34:988-995. [DOI: 10.1007/s00464-019-06894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Kallies KJ, Ramirez LD, Grover BT, Kothari SN. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass versus sleeve gastrectomy: what factors influence patient preference? Surg Obes Relat Dis 2018; 14:1843-1849. [PMID: 30290991 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2018.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) are the most commonly performed bariatric procedures. RYGB involves altered gastrointestinal anatomy and 2 anastomoses, while SG involves gastric resection. When potential patients view images of the procedures, they may perceive RYGB to involve significant risk compared with SG, in which no significant gastrointestinal alterations are depicted. OBJECTIVE To evaluate preferences for RYGB versus SG. SETTING Survey of U.S. adults. METHODS An electronic survey was distributed to 1000 U.S. adults. Respondents selected either RYGB or SG based on (1) procedural pictures alone, (2) only data on risks and benefits of each procedure, (3) pictures with corresponding risk/benefit profile, and (4) pictures with mismatched information. RESULTS Overall, 999 individuals met inclusion criteria; 66 (7%) had undergone bariatric surgery and were excluded. Mean age and body mass index of respondents was 44.8 ± 14.6 years (n = 922) and 28.7 ± 8.0 kg/m2 (n = 915). A higher proportion of patients preferred RYGB to SG when images only were provided (54% versus 46%), when information only was provided (63% versus 37%), and when correct information with the procedure image was provided (57% versus 43%). When presented with mismatched information and images, 56% preferred RYGB information + SG image versus SG information + RYGB image (44%). CONCLUSIONS Based on this survey, providing evidence-based risks and benefits of a procedure resulted in the majority of respondents choosing RYGB over SG. When procedure images were provided alone, preference for RYGB and SG were similar. There are likely other factors contributing to increasing SG volume aside from patient preference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kara J Kallies
- Department of Medical Research, Gundersen Medical Foundation, La Crosse, Wisconsin
| | - Luis D Ramirez
- Department of Medical Research, Gundersen Medical Foundation, La Crosse, Wisconsin
| | - Brandon T Grover
- Department of General Surgery, Gundersen Health System, La Crosse, Wisconsin
| | - Shanu N Kothari
- Department of General Surgery, Gundersen Health System, La Crosse, Wisconsin.
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Auspitz M, Cleghorn MC, Azin A, Sockalingam S, Quereshy FA, Okrainec A, Jackson TD. Knowledge and Perception of Bariatric Surgery Among Primary Care Physicians: a Survey of Family Doctors in Ontario. Obes Surg 2018; 26:2022-2028. [PMID: 26780362 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-016-2055-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The primary objective of this study was to identify Ontario family physicians' knowledge and perceptions of bariatric surgery. METHODS The study population included all physicians practicing family medicine in Ontario who were listed in the Canadian Medical Directory. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of 28 questions was developed and validated using a focus group of seven primary care physicians. The questionnaire was distributed to 1328 physicians. RESULTS One hundred sixty-five surveys were completed. 8.8 % of physicians did not have any bariatric surgical patients, and 71.3 % had no more than five in their practice. 70.2 % referred no more than 5 % of their morbidly obese patients for surgery. Only 32.1 % had the appropriate equipment and resources to manage obese patients. 92.5 % of physicians would like to receive more education about bariatric surgery. Physicians with no history of referral (n = 21) were earlier into their practices and had less morbidly obese patients than physicians with previous referrals (n = 141). They were also less likely to discuss bariatric surgery with their patients (30 vs. 79.3 %; p < 0.001) and less likely to feel comfortable explaining procedure options (5.6 vs. 33.9 %; p = 0.013) and providing postoperative care (26.7 vs. 64.2 %; p = 0.005). 55.6 % would refer a family member for surgery, compared to 85.4 % of physicians with previous referrals; p = 0.002. CONCLUSION There appears to be a knowledge gap in understanding the role of bariatric surgery in the treatment of obesity. There is an opportunity to improve education and available resources for primary care physicians surrounding patient selection and follow-up care. This may improve access to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Auspitz
- Division of General Surgery, University Health Network-Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst Street, Room 8MP-322, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Michelle C Cleghorn
- Division of General Surgery, University Health Network-Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst Street, Room 8MP-322, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Arash Azin
- Division of General Surgery, University Health Network-Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst Street, Room 8MP-322, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Sanjeev Sockalingam
- Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Fayez A Quereshy
- Division of General Surgery, University Health Network-Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst Street, Room 8MP-322, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Allan Okrainec
- Division of General Surgery, University Health Network-Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst Street, Room 8MP-322, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Timothy D Jackson
- Division of General Surgery, University Health Network-Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst Street, Room 8MP-322, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S8, Canada.
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Anvari M, Lemus R, Breau R. A Landscape of Bariatric Surgery in Canada: For the Treatment of Obesity, Type 2 Diabetes and Other Comorbidities in Adults. Can J Diabetes 2017; 42:560-567. [PMID: 29724616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity has escalated worldwide and in Canada. Many chronic conditions, including type 2 diabetes, are directly correlated with obesity, and although the benefits and effectiveness of bariatric surgery have been proven in terms of sustained weight loss and improving comorbidities, the procedure is underaccessed and underutilized in Canada. We explored the complex landscape of bariatric surgery in Canada, reviewing the current state and focusing on the volume of procedures nationwide and at the provincial level, the type of surgical procedures performed, their outcomes and their associated complications. Barriers and challenges curbing access to bariatric surgery are also explored. Approximately 8,583 publicly funded bariatric surgeries were performed in 9 of 10 provinces in 2015/2016; Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, adjustable gastric banding and biliopancreatic diversion with or without duodenal switch are the most common procedures performed, and coverage varies among provinces and territories. Dedicated bariatric programs have been created and, in some instances, provincial networks have also emerged. Weight loss, resolution of comorbidities and rates of complications in Canada are similar to those found in the literature. The increase in the number of bariatric procedures performed over time has still not met the current demand. The rise in obesity rates, the speed and regional variations in the development and standardization of processes, adequate patient selection, funding and prioritization and gaps in knowledge and attitudes about the merits of bariatric surgery of patients, health providers and policy makers create considerable waiting times and are some of the barriers to better access to bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruth Breau
- McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Xavier DB, Ramalho WM, da Silva EN. Spending on Bariatric Surgery in the Unified Health System from 2010 to 2014: a Study Based on the Specialist Hospitals Authorized by the Ministry of Health. Obes Surg 2016; 27:641-648. [PMID: 27522602 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-016-2327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to analyze the production of 76 specialist hospitals for the morbidly obese in Brazil's public healthcare system (SUS) from 2010 to 2014 in terms of quantity and costs of bariatric surgery and its complications. METHODS Secondary data from the SUS Hospital Information System and the National Healthcare Establishments Registry were used. Current spending on bariatric surgery and its medical and postoperative complications were analyzed. RESULTS There was a 60 % rise in the number of surgeries between 2010 and 2014. This increase was not homogeneous among the hospitals studied, since only 19 performed the minimum number of surgeries required. Women accounted for 85 % of the surgeries carried out, and 32 % were aged between 35 and 44 years. The Roux-en-Y technique was the most widely used (93.7 % of the total), followed by sleeve gastrectomy. The ratio between the occurrence of medical complications and total number of surgeries performed in each hospital varied significantly (between 0 and 5.97 %) but was lower for postoperative complications, ranging from 0 to 1.7 %. There was a nominal increase of 44 % in average expenditure on postoperative complications between 2013 and 2014, while the average cost of medical complications decreased by 8.7 % in the same period. CONCLUSIONS Despite the rise in the number of bariatric surgeries in Brazil, there is still a high demand for surgeries that is not being met, while most specialist hospitals fail to perform the minimum number of surgeries stipulated by the Ministry of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Everton Nunes da Silva
- University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil. .,Centro Metropolitano, conjunto A, lote 01, Brasília, DF, 72220-275, Brazil.
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Fouse T, Schauer P. The Socioeconomic Impact of Morbid Obesity and Factors Affecting Access to Obesity Surgery. Surg Clin North Am 2016; 96:669-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.suc.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Rubin JK, Hinrichs-Krapels S, Hesketh R, Martin A, Herman WH, Rubino F. Identifying Barriers to Appropriate Use of Metabolic/Bariatric Surgery for Type 2 Diabetes Treatment: Policy Lab Results. Diabetes Care 2016; 39:954-63. [PMID: 27222554 PMCID: PMC5864132 DOI: 10.2337/dc15-2781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite increasing recognition of the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of bariatric/metabolic surgery in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, few patients who may be appropriate candidates and may benefit from this type of surgery avail themselves of this treatment option. To identify conceptual and practical barriers to appropriate use of surgical procedures, a Policy Lab was hosted at the 3rd World Congress on Interventional Therapies for Type 2 Diabetes on 29 September 2015. Twenty-six stakeholders participated in the Policy Lab, including academics, clinicians, policy-makers, industry leaders, and patient representatives. Participants were provided with a summary of available evidence about the cost-effectiveness of bariatric/metabolic surgery and the costs of increasing the use of bariatric/metabolic surgery, using U.K. and U.S. scenarios as examples of distinct health care systems. There was widespread agreement among this group of stakeholders that bariatric/metabolic surgery is a legitimate and cost-effective approach to the treatment of type 2 diabetes in obese patients. The following four building blocks were identified to facilitate policy changes: 1) communicating the scale of the costs and harms associated with rising prevalence of type 2 diabetes; 2) properly articulating the role of bariatric/metabolic surgery for certain population groups; 3) identifying new funding sources for bariatric/metabolic surgery; and 4) incorporating bariatric/metabolic surgery into the appropriate clinical pathways. Although more research is needed to identify specific clinical scenarios for the prioritization of bariatric/metabolic surgery, the case appears to be strong enough to engage relevant policy-makers and practitioners in a concerted discussion of how to better use metabolic surgical resources in conjunction with other interventions in good diabetes practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer K Rubin
- The Policy Institute at King's, King's College London, London, U.K
| | | | - Rachel Hesketh
- The Policy Institute at King's, King's College London, London, U.K
| | | | | | - Francesco Rubino
- Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Division of Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, King's College London and King's College Hospital, London, U.K
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Cohen R, Galvão Neto MP, Roux CL. Another look at the (endoscopic duodenal liner) ENDO trial, or how to avoid the burial of a valuable antidiabetic tool. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2015; 12:702-704. [PMID: 26775047 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2015.08.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Cohen
- The Center for Obesity and Diabetes, Oswaldo Cruz German Hospital, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carel Le Roux
- Diabetes Complication Research Centre, UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Frois C, Cremieux PY. For a Step Change to Curb the Obesity Epidemic. PHARMACOECONOMICS 2015; 33:613-617. [PMID: 26068946 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-015-0303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Frois
- Analysis Group, Inc., 111 Huntington Avenue, Tenth Floor, Boston, MA, 02199-7668, USA
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