1
|
Gutiérrez LJ, Tosso RD, Zarycz MNC, Enriz RD, Baldoni HA. Epitopes mapped onto SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding motif by five distinct human neutralising antibodies. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2022.2111421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas J. Gutiérrez
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research (IMIBIO-SL. CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo D. Tosso
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research (IMIBIO-SL. CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - M. Natalia C. Zarycz
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research (IMIBIO-SL. CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
| | - Ricardo D. Enriz
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Biological Research (IMIBIO-SL. CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
| | - Héctor A. Baldoni
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmacy, National University of San Luis, San Luis, Argentina
- Institute of Applied Mathematics of San Luis (IMASL. CONICET), San Luis, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kwon SR, Kim N, Park H, Minn D, Park S, Roh EY, Yoon JH, Shin S. Strong SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response After Booster Dose of BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccines in Uninfected Healthcare Workers. J Korean Med Sci 2022; 37:e135. [PMID: 35578582 PMCID: PMC9110264 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2022.37.e135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite strict guidelines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), South Korea is facing its fourth pandemic wave. In this study, by using an automated electrochemiluminescence immunoassay assay, we tracked anti-spike protein receptor-binding domain (anti-S-RBD) antibody titer from the second dose to 2 weeks after the booster dose vaccination. After the second dose, 234 participants had their anti-S-RBD antibody titers decrease over time. We also showed the booster dose (the third dose) increased antibody titer by average 14 (min-max, 2-255)-fold higher compared to the second dose among the 211-booster group participants, therefore, the booster dose could be recommended for low responders to the second dose. Our findings showed a distinct humoral response after booster doses of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccines and may provide further evidence of booster vaccination efficacy. These data will also be helpful in vaccination policy decisions that determine the need for the booster dose.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seok Ryun Kwon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Namhee Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunwoong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Eun Youn Roh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sue Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
The lung is the primary site of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced immunopathology whereby the virus enters the host cells by binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Sophisticated regeneration and repair programs exist in the lungs to replenish injured cell populations. However, known resident stem/progenitor cells have been demonstrated to express ACE2, raising a substantial concern regarding the long-term consequences of impaired lung regeneration after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, clinical treatments may also affect lung repair from antiviral drug candidates to mechanical ventilation. In this review, we highlight how SARS-CoV-2 disrupts a program that governs lung homeostasis. We also summarize the current efforts of targeted therapy and supportive treatments for COVID-19 patients. In addition, we discuss the pros and cons of cell therapy with mesenchymal stem cells or resident lung epithelial stem/progenitor cells in preventing post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. We propose that, in addition to symptomatic treatments being developed and applied in the clinic, targeting lung regeneration is also essential to restore lung homeostasis in COVID-19 patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuxiaonan Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingwen Ma
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qing Yue
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huaiyong Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Clinical School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Key Research Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention for State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ordoñez R, Solano D, Granizo G. T and B Cells Immune Response and the importance of vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2. BIONATURA 2022. [DOI: 10.21931/rb/2022.07.01.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 has become a global pandemic because it is a severe respiratory syndrome that attacks many people worldwide and can lead to death depending on the severity. In recent years, the study of the acquired immune response (T cells) and innate (B cells) has increased to better treat the disease from the quantitative cell count. A picture has begun to emerge revealing that CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and neutralizing antibodies contribute to the control of SARS-CoV-2 in COVID-19 cases. This work studies the three fundamental components of the adaptive immune system: B cells (the source of antibodies), CD4+T cells, and CD8+T cells and their function against SARS-CoV2. The importance of vaccines and the different types of existing vaccines are discussed. Implications of covid-19 variants on Immunity and vaccine types are also analyzed to understand how the action of the immune system will help treat the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronny Ordoñez
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hacienda San José s/n, San Miguel de Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Dulexy Solano
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hacienda San José s/n, San Miguel de Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| | - Gustavo Granizo
- School of Biological Science and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hacienda San José s/n, San Miguel de Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Characterization of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral immunity and its potential applications and therapeutic prospects. Cell Mol Immunol 2022; 19:150-157. [PMID: 34645940 PMCID: PMC8513558 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00774-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an ongoing pandemic that poses a great threat to human health worldwide. As the humoral immune response plays essential roles in disease occurrence and development, understanding the dynamics and characteristics of virus-specific humoral immunity in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients is of great importance for controlling this disease. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of the humoral immune response after SARS-CoV-2 infection and further emphasize the potential applications and therapeutic prospects of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral immunity and the critical role of this immunity in vaccine development. Notably, serological antibody testing based on the humoral immune response can guide public health measures and control strategies; however, it is not recommended for population surveys in areas with very low prevalence. Existing evidence suggests that asymptomatic individuals have a weaker immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection, whereas SARS-CoV-2-infected children have a more effective humoral immune response than adults. The correlations between antibody (especially neutralizing antibody) titers and protection against SARS-CoV-2 reinfection should be further examined. In addition, the emergence of cross-reactions among different coronavirus antigens in the development of screening technology and the risk of antibody-dependent enhancement related to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination should be given further attention.
Collapse
|
6
|
Kim N, Minn D, Park S, Roh EY, Yoon JH, Park H, Shin S. Positivity of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies among Korean Healthy Healthcare Workers 1 and 2 Weeks after Second Dose of Pfizer-BioNTech Vaccination. J Korean Med Sci 2021; 36:e158. [PMID: 34060264 PMCID: PMC8167405 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The antibody titer of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was observed in 289 healthy healthcare workers who had completed the second dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine. Antibody tests were performed using both the automated electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) and the chromatographic lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). All subjects had antibodies against the receptor binding domain of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 only one week after completing the vaccination, and the antibody titer became significantly higher after another week (P < 0.001). Since there was a large amount of antibody formation within two weeks after completion of vaccination, the less sensitive method, LFIA, also showed high sensitivity. There was no significant difference between whole blood and serum in detecting SARS-CoV-2 antibodies after vaccination. This is an early study of vaccinations among Koreans and is expected to contribute to the establishment of national guidelines on COVID-19 vaccination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Namhee Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Eun Youn Roh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunwoong Park
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Sue Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Du Y, Wang X, Qin Z, Zhang L. Clinical and diagnostic value of the combination of lymphocyte count and creatine kinase in the detection of coronavirus 2019. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:641. [PMID: 33968172 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the diagnostic efficiency of the absolute number of lymphocytes (LYM) and creatine kinase (CK) levels in the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). For this, the clinical data from 84 patients with COVID-19 admitted to Tianjin Haihe Hospital (Tianjin, China) between January and February 2020 were collected. The patients were divided into the following groups: The common COVID-19 group (n=61) and severe COVID-19 group (n=23). In addition, 30 healthy subjects were included as a control group. The results demonstrated that the percentage of neutrophils (NEU%) was significantly increased, while the absolute number of white blood cells, LYM and the percentage of lymphocytes (LYM%) were significantly decreased in patients with COVID-19. Furthermore, in the severe group, the absolute number of red blood cells in female patients, the NEU%, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the serum levels of interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) were markedly elevated, while those of LYM and LYM% were significantly decreased (all P<0.05). In addition, in the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis for the combination of LYM + CK, the area under the curve values were 0.96 and 1.00, with a sensitivity of 95.08 and 100%, specificity of 86.67 and 100% and cut-off values of 0.42 and 0.50 for the common and severe COVID-19 group, respectively. The results indicated that the diagnostic efficiency of LYM + CK was higher than that of each single factor. Finally, a moderate correlation of lactate dehydrogenase with CRP and NLR (r=0.492 and 0.433, respectively; both P<0.05) was obtained. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that the values of LYM and CK were associated with the progression of COVID-19, suggesting that the combination of both factors may be of clinical diagnostic value for COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Jinnan, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Prevention, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Jinnan, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Zhonghua Qin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Jinnan, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Haihe Hospital, Jinnan, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Giardiasis reactivation during severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Parasitol Int 2020; 80:102241. [PMID: 33160052 PMCID: PMC7642733 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|