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Bilska K, Dmitrzak-Węglarz M, Osip P, Pawlak J, Paszyńska E, Permoda-Pachuta A. Metabolic Syndrome and Adipokines Profile in Bipolar Depression. Nutrients 2023; 15:4532. [PMID: 37960185 PMCID: PMC10648184 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a growing social, economic, and health problem. MS coexists with nearly half of all patients with affective disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the neurobiological parameters (clinical, anthropometric, biochemical, adipokines levels, and ultrasound of carotid arteries) and their relationship with the development of MS in patients with bipolar disorder. The study group consisted of 70 patients (50 women and 20 men) hospitalized due to episodes of depression in the course of bipolar disorders. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale was used to assess the severity of the depression symptoms in an acute state of illness and after six weeks of treatment. The serum concentration of adipokines was determined using an ELISA method. The main finding of this study is that the following adipokines correlated with MS in the bipolar depression women group: visfatin, S100B, and leptin had a positive correlation, whereas adiponectin, leptin-receptor, and adiponectin/leptin ratio showed a negative correlation. Moreover, the adiponectin/leptin ratio showed moderate to strong negative correlation with insulin level, BMI, waist circumference, triglyceride level, treatment with metformin, and a positive moderate correlation with HDL. The adiponectin/leptin ratio may be an effective tool to assess MS in depressed female bipolar patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Bilska
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Monika Dmitrzak-Węglarz
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Pawlak
- Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Paszyńska
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznan, Poland
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DellaCrosse M, Pleet M, Morton E, Ashtari A, Sakai K, Woolley J, Michalak E. "A sense of the bigger picture:" A qualitative analysis of follow-up interviews with people with bipolar disorder who self-reported psilocybin use. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0279073. [PMID: 36516137 PMCID: PMC9749989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People with bipolar disorder (BD) spend more time depressed than manic/hypomanic, and depression is associated with greater impairments in psychosocial functioning and quality of life than mania/hypomania. Emerging evidence suggests psilocybin, the psychoactive compound in "magic mushrooms," is a promising treatment for unipolar depression. Clinical trials of psilocybin therapy have excluded people with BD as a precaution against possible adverse effects (e.g., mania). Our study centered the experiences of adults living with BD who consumed psilocybin-containing mushrooms, and aimed to (1) understand its subjective impacts on BD symptoms, (2) deepen understanding of Phase I survey results, and (3) elucidate specific contextual factors associated with adverse reactions in naturalistic settings. METHODS Following an international survey (Phase I), follow-up interviews were conducted with 15 respondents (Phase II) to further understand psilocybin use among adults with BD. As part of a larger mixed-methods explanatory sequential design study, reflexive thematic analysis was used to elaborate findings. RESULTS Three major themes containing sub-themes were developed. (1) Mental Health Improvements: (1.1) decreased impact and severity of depression, (1.2) increased emotion processing, (1.3) development of new perspectives, and (1.4) greater relaxation and sleep. (2) Undesired Mental Health Impacts: (2.1) changes in sleep, (2.2) increased mania severity, (2.3) hospitalization, and (2.4) distressing sensory experiences. (3) Salient Contextual Factors for psilocybin use included: (3.1) poly-substance use and psilocybin dose, (3.2) solo versus social experiences, and (3.3) pre-psilocybin sleep deprivation. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate both benefits and risks of psilocybin use in this population. Carefully designed clinical trials focused on safety and preliminary efficacy are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan DellaCrosse
- Department of Clinical Psychology, The Wright Institute, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- San Francisco Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Mollie Pleet
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- San Francisco Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Emma Morton
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amir Ashtari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kimberly Sakai
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- San Francisco Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Josh Woolley
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
- San Francisco Veteran’s Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Erin Michalak
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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