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Wang R, Yu C, Tang Z, Sun J, Wang Y, Zhao Z, Lin B, Li C. Leptin induces altered differentiation of keratinocytes by inducing insulin resistance: implications for metabolic syndrome-induced resistance of psoriatic therapy. J DERMATOL TREAT 2024; 35:2309305. [PMID: 38297481 DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2024.2309305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Background: Psoriatic patients tend to develop metabolic syndrome (MS). MS accelerates psoriasis, but the exact molecular mechanisms are poorly understood.Objectives: We aim to investigate the impact of leptin on keratinocyte insulin sensitivity and explore its underlying molecular mechanism, which might play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease.Methods: ELISA and immunohistochemistry were applied respectively to detect the level of leptin in serum and in lesion of psoriatic patients with and without MS. The HaCaT cell line was cultured and western-blot assay was performed to assess the change of insulin sensibility. q-PCR and western-blot assay were applied to detect the SOCS3 expressions. Knockdown of SOCS3 were generated in HaCaT cell line by siRNA. Leptin and insulin were treated for 6 days and K10 expression was evaluated by western-blot assay.Results: Patients with MS had higher level of leptin in serum and lesions than their counterparts without MS. Serum levels of leptin was negatively correlated to PASI decline index in psoriatic patients. Long-term treatment of leptin induced insulin resistance in HaCaT cell line, as indicated by elevated expression of p-IRS-1 (ser636) and lower p-PKB (ser473). Leptin treatment up-regulated the mRNA and protein expression of SOCS3. Knockdown of SOCS3 blocked the effect of leptin-induced insulin resistance. Leptin treatment attenuated insulin-elicited K10 expression.Conclusions: Leptin induces insulin resistance by upregulating SOCS3 and give rise to differentiation disorder of keratinocyte. Insulin resistance may serve as a target for anti-psoriatic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chongli Yu
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zijie Tang
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Youlin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenkai Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Biwen Lin
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chengxin Li
- Department of Dermatology, First Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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Liu Y, Jin X. Fatty acid desaturase 1/2 (FADS1 and FADS2), fatty acid desaturase indices, and their relationships with metabolic syndrome in female adults with first-episode schizophrenia after antipsychotic medications. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2024; 163:106985. [PMID: 38394918 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.106985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although antipsychotics constitute the best treatment for patients with schizophrenia, this treatment class carries a high risk of metabolic disarrangements thus developing metabolic syndrome (MetS). Altered fatty acid (FA) composition and desaturase indices have been associated with several metabolic diseases, including MetS. Herein, we determined fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) and FADS2 gene expressions, serum delta-5 desaturase (D5D) and D6D indices in female adults with first-episode schizophrenia after olanzapine medication, as well as their relationship with the incidence of MetS. METHODS This study prospectively recruited 120 female patients with first-episode schizophrenia who completed 6-month olanzapine medication. Among these female patients, 31 patients developed MetS and 89 patients did not. RESULTS The mRNA expression levels of FADS1 and FADS2 in patients were analyzed according to the presence of MetS and evaluation times with results of two-way ANOVAs (FADS1: PMetS = 0.0006, Ptime = 0.004, Pinteraction = 0.010; FADS2: PMetS = 0.012, Ptime < 0.0001, Pinteraction = 0.001). The D5D and D6D indices in patients were analyzed according to the presence of MetS and evaluation times with results of two-way ANOVAs (D5D: PMetS = 0.002, Ptime = 0.009, Pinteraction = 0.014; D6D: PMetS = 0.011, Ptime = 0.006, Pinteraction = 0.0001). The SCD-16 and SCD-18 indices in patients were analyzed according to the presence of MetS and evaluation times (SCD-16: PMetS = 0.005, Ptime = 0.009, Pinteraction = 0.016; SCD-18: PMetS = 0.037, Ptime = 0.382, Pinteraction = 0.163). The following multiple comparisons test showed the MetS exhibited reduced FADS1 mRNA expression and D5D index, increased FADS2 mRNA expression and D6D index, concomitant with an enhanced SCD-16 index, compared to the non-MetS did not after 6-month olanzapine medication. CONCLUSION The study suggests changes of FADS1, FADS2 expressions, and fatty acid desaturase indices including D5D, D6D, and SCD-16 may be associated with the development of MetS in female adults with first-episode schizophrenia after olanzapine medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Pharmacy Department, the Seventh People's Hospital of Wenzhou City, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Xiaozhuang Jin
- Department of Psychiatry, the Seventh People's Hospital of Wenzhou City, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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Mansouri E, Asghari S, Nikooei P, Yaseri M, Vasheghani-Farahani A, Hosseinzadeh-Attar MJ. Effects of virgin coconut oil consumption on serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and oxidative stress biomarkers in adults with metabolic syndrome: a randomized clinical trial. Nutr Neurosci 2024; 27:487-498. [PMID: 37409587 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2023.2223390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Metabolic syndrome is associated with health conditions and neurological disorders. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a protective role on the nervous system. Decreased levels of BDNF have been shown in MetS and neurodegenerative diseases. There is promising evidence regarding the anti-inflammatory antioxidant, and neuroprotective properties of virgin coconut oil (VCO). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of VCO consumption on serum BDNF levels, oxidative stress status, and insulin resistance in adults with MetS. METHODS This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 48 adults with MetS aged 20-50 years. The intervention group received 30 ml of VCO daily to substitute the same amounts of oil in their usual diet. The control group continued their usual diet. Serum BDNF levels, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as HOMA-IR and QUICKI index were measured after four weeks of intervention. RESULTS VCO consumption significantly reduced serum levels of MDA (p = .01), fasting insulin (p < .01) and HOMA-IR index (p < .01) and increased serum TAC (p < .01) and QUICKI index (p = .01) compared to the control group. Serum BDNF levels increased significantly in VCO group compared to the baseline (p = .02); however, this change was not significant when compared to the control group (p = .07). CONCLUSION VCO consumption improved oxidative stress status and insulin resistance and had a promising effect on BDNF levels in adults with MetS. Further studies are needed to understand the long-term effects of VCO consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Mansouri
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayyeh Asghari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parinaz Nikooei
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Yaseri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Vasheghani-Farahani
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center (CPPRC), Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Cardiac Electrophysiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abosheaishaa H, Nassar M, Abdelhalim O, Bahbah AA, Abbas S, Morsi SM, Ghallab M, Alagha Z, Omran A, Elfert K, Bandaru P, Forlemu AN, Reddy M. Relation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and carotid artery intimal media thickness as a surrogate for atherosclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 36:592-607. [PMID: 38489662 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by hepatic steatosis without heavy alcohol consumption or other chronic conditions, encompasses a spectrum from non-alcoholic fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis leading to cirrhosis. This analysis aimed to investigate the correlation between NAFLD and carotid intimal media thickness (C-IMT), a non-invasive surrogate for atherosclerosis. METHODOLOGY Database searches, including PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library, yielded studies up to April 2023. Included were studies exploring the NAFLD-C-IMT relationship in populations aged >18 years. Exclusions comprised non-English papers, those involving animals or pediatric populations and studies lacking control groups. RESULTS No statistical significance was noted between mild and moderate NAFLD compared to the control group regarding C-IMT [95% confidence intervals (CI): -0.03, 0.12] and (95% CI: -0.03, 0.21), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference only in the Severe NAFLD group ( P value 0.03). NAFLD with and without metabolic syndrome showed statistically significant differences compared to control regarding C-IMT (95% CI: 0.04, 0.12) and (95% CI: 0.01, 0.07), respectively. Fifty-nine studies were mentioned without classification of NAFLD severity and revealed a high statistically significant difference between NAFLD and controls regarding C-IMT with (95% CI: 0.09, 0.12, P < 0.00001). Stratified analysis according to sex was done in two studies and revealed statistical differences between NAFLD and control regarding C-IMT in both groups. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis underscores a significant association between NAFLD and increased C-IMT, emphasizing the importance of assessing C-IMT in NAFLD patients to identify cardiovascular risk and tailor therapeutic interventions for improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Abosheaishaa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/NYC Health + Hospitals Queens, New York
| | - Mahmoud Nassar
- University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, New York, USA
| | - Omar Abdelhalim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/NYC Health + Hospitals Queens, New York
| | | | - Sharif Abbas
- Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Samah M Morsi
- John's Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Duke University, Department of Radiology
| | - Muhammad Ghallab
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/NYC Health + Hospitals Queens, New York
| | - Zakaria Alagha
- Marshall University, Joan Edward School of Medicine, West Virginia, New York, USA
| | - Ahmed Omran
- Trinitas Regional Medical Center|RWJBH, Lindon
| | | | - Praneeth Bandaru
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | | | - Madhavi Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/NYC Health + Hospitals Queens, New York
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Tang JH, Jian HL, Chan TC. The impact of co-exposure to air and noise pollution on the incidence of metabolic syndrome from a health checkup cohort. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8841. [PMID: 38632465 PMCID: PMC11024131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59576-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have found associations between the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and exposure to air pollution or road traffic noise. However, investigations on environmental co-exposures are limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between co-exposure to air pollution and road traffic noise and MetS and its subcomponents. Participants living in Taipei City who underwent at least two health checkups between 2010 and 2016 were included in the study. Data were sourced from the MJ Health database, a longitudinal, large-scale cohort in Taiwan. The monthly traffic noise exposure (Lden and Lnight) was computed using a dynamic noise map. Monthly fine particulate data at one kilometer resolution were computed from satellite imagery data. Cox proportional hazards regression models with month as the underlying time scale were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for the impact of PM2.5 and road traffic noise exposure on the risk of developing MetS or its subcomponents. Data from 10,773 participants were included. We found significant positive associations between incident MetS and PM2.5 (HR: 1.88; 95% CI 1.67, 2.12), Lden (HR: 1.10; 95% CI 1.06, 1.15), and Lnight (HR: 1.07; 95% CI 1.02, 1.13) in single exposure models. Results further showed significant associations with an elevated risk of incident MetS in co-exposure models, with HRs of 1.91 (95% CI 1.69, 2.16) and 1.11 (95% CI 1.06, 1.16) for co-exposure to PM2.5 and Lden, and 1.90 (95% CI 1.68, 2.14) and 1.08 (95% CI 1.02, 1.13) for co-exposure to PM2.5 and Lnight. The HRs for the co-exposure models were higher than those for models with only a single exposure. This study provides evidence that PM2.5 and noise exposure may elevate the risk of incident MetS and its components in both single and co-exposure models. Therefore, preventive approaches to mitigate the risk of MetS and its subcomponents should consider reducing exposure to PM2.5 and noise pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Hong Tang
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Lian Jian
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chien Chan
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Section 2, Nankang, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
- Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Solouki S, Gorgani-Firuzjaee S, Jafary H, Delfan M. Efficacy of high-intensity interval and continuous endurance trainings on cecal microbiota metabolites and inflammatory factors in diabetic rats induced by high-fat diet. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301532. [PMID: 38626052 PMCID: PMC11020751 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical exercise is known to modulate the intestinal microbiota composition and control the symptoms of metabolic syndrome. In this research, we intend to investigate and compare the effect of high-intensity interval and continuous endurance trainings (HIIT and CET) on cecal microbiota metabolites and inflammatory factors in diabetic rats. A number of Wistar rats were made diabetic by a high-fat diet and trained under two types of exercise protocols, HIIT and CET. After taking samples from the cecal tissue and serum of rats to reveal the effect of exercise, three microbial species from the Firmicute and Bacteroid phyla, which are the main types of intestinal microbes, and their metabolites include two short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), butyrate and propionate and also, the inflammatory factors TLR4 and IL6 were analyzed through quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. In general, exercise while increasing the representative of Firmicute has caused a relative reduction of Bacteroides and improved the concentration of SCFAs. In this regard, HIIT outperforms CET in up-regulating Akkermansia and Butyrivibrio expression, and butyrate and propionate metabolites concentration. Also, both exercises significantly reduced cecal expression of TLR4 and sera concentration of IL6 compared to the diabetic group, although the reduction rate was higher in the CET group than in HIIT. Our findings suggest that some symptoms of metabolic syndrome such as intestinal dysbiosis and the resulting metabolic disorders are better controlled by HIIT and inflammation by CET. Certainly, more extensive research on other contributing factors could help clarify the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sogand Solouki
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sattar Gorgani-Firuzjaee
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Health Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Clinical Biochemistry, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Infectious Diseases Research Center, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Jafary
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Delfan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
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Lv X, Bi A, Zhang Z, Li J, Wei Y, Wan M, Wang J, Yan T, Jia Y. Non-targeted metabolomics strategy reveals the role of Geng-Nian-Shu in regulating ferroptosis in perimenopausal syndrome. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 241:115980. [PMID: 38266455 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.115980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Ovariectomy (OVX) is usually accompanied by the occurrence of metabolic syndrome. Previous studies have shown that Geng-Nian-Shu (GNS) plays an important regulatory role in perimenopausal syndrome (PMS) rats. GNS is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription which composed of Suanzaoren Decoction and Ganmai Dazao Decoction in "Jingui Yaolue" and Siwu Decoction in "Heji Jufang". Recently, metabolomics analysis has been used to identify slight changes in the metabolic profile and to help understand disease progression and therapeutic interventions in PMS. However, the mechanism of GNS in the treatment of PMS is still unknown. We purposed to study the metabolic characteristics of PMS by serum and fecal metabolomics, and revealed the internal mechanism of GNS regulating ferroptosis against PMS. The PMS model was established by surgical removal of 4/5 ovaries of rats. HPLC-Q-TOF/MS was used to analyze the metabolomics of rat plasma and feces to explore the potential mechanism of GNS in PMS. The expression of ferroptosis-related proteins in rat ovaries was detected by tissue Prussian blue staining, Elisa kit and Western blotting. Cluster analysis of differential metabolites in plasma and feces between the control group and the model group showed that organic acids and their derivatives, lipids and lipid molecules were mainly disturbed during PMS in rats. After GNS administration, 17 differential metabolites were adjusted, involving several major pathways, such as the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, biosynthesis of amino acids and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Further, we found that GNS affected ferroptosis in ovarian cells by regulating endogenous substances in OVX rats. Our study provides new insights into the mechanism of OVX-induced metabolic syndrome based on non-targeted metabolomics. It provides new ideas for the development and application of GNS and the diagnosis and treatment of PMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Lv
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Anqi Bi
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jinyan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yingbo Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Meiqi Wan
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jinyu Wang
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tingxu Yan
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Ying Jia
- Faculty of Functional Food and Wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Johnston KJA, Cote AC, Hicks E, Johnson J, Huckins LM. Genetically Regulated Gene Expression in the Brain Associated With Chronic Pain: Relationships With Clinical Traits and Potential for Drug Repurposing. Biol Psychiatry 2024; 95:745-761. [PMID: 37678542 PMCID: PMC10924073 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain is a common, poorly understood condition. Genetic studies including genome-wide association studies have identified many relevant variants, which have yet to be translated into full understanding of chronic pain. Transcriptome-wide association studies using transcriptomic imputation methods such as S-PrediXcan can help bridge this genotype-phenotype gap. METHODS We carried out transcriptomic imputation using S-PrediXcan to identify genetically regulated gene expression associated with multisite chronic pain in 13 brain tissues and whole blood. Then, we imputed genetically regulated gene expression for over 31,000 Mount Sinai BioMe participants and performed a phenome-wide association study to investigate clinical relationships in chronic pain-associated gene expression changes. RESULTS We identified 95 experiment-wide significant gene-tissue associations (p < 7.97 × 10-7), including 36 unique genes and an additional 134 gene-tissue associations reaching within-tissue significance, including 53 additional unique genes. Of the 89 unique genes in total, 59 were novel for multisite chronic pain and 18 are established drug targets. Chronic pain genetically regulated gene expression for 10 unique genes was significantly associated with cardiac dysrhythmia, metabolic syndrome, disc disorders/dorsopathies, joint/ligament sprain, anemias, and neurologic disorder phecodes. Phenome-wide association study analyses adjusting for mean pain score showed that associations were not driven by mean pain score. CONCLUSIONS We carried out the largest transcriptomic imputation study of any chronic pain trait to date. Results highlight potential causal genes in chronic pain development and tissue and direction of effect. Several gene results were also drug targets. Phenome-wide association study results showed significant associations for phecodes including cardiac dysrhythmia and metabolic syndrome, thereby indicating potential shared mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keira J A Johnston
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
| | - Alanna C Cote
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Emily Hicks
- Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
| | - Jessica Johnson
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Laura M Huckins
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
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Deza S, Colina I, Beloqui O, Monreal JI, Martínez-Chávez E, Maroto-García J, Mugueta C, González A, Varo N. Evaluation of measured and calculated small dense low-density lipoprotein in capillary blood and association with the metabolic syndrome. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 557:117897. [PMID: 38570026 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.117897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Small-dense-low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) is proatherogenic and not commonly measured. The aims were to evaluate capillary blood and its stability for sdLDL-C measurement and measure sdLDL-C in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). METHODS 182 patients were studied (49 with MS). sdLDL-C was measured by electrophoresis (LipoPrint®), direct measurement (Roche Diagnostics) and Sampson equation. Intima-media thickness (IMT) and presence of atheroma was evaluated. sdLDL-C was compared in paired venous and capillary blood according to CLSI-EP09c (n = 40). sdLDL-C stability was studied after 24 h at room temperature (RT). RESULTS sdLDL-C in capillary blood and venous blood showed agreement with the direct measurement (bias: 4.17 mg/dL, LOA 95 %:-5.66; 13.99) and estimation (bias:8.12 mg/dL, LOA 95 %:-8.59; 24.82). sdLDL-C is stable in capillary blood for 24 h at RT. The electrophoretic method yielded lower (p < 0.05) sdLDL-C than the equation or direct measurement. Patients with MS had (p < 0.05) higher sdLDL-C (%) than patients without MS. Patients with atheroma plaques had higher sdLDL-C (p < 0.05). Estimated sdLDL-C correlated with IMT (r = 0.259, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Capillary blood is an alternative to venous blood for sdLDL-C measurement and is stable for 24 h after collection. Estimated and directly measured sdLDL-C associate with the MS being accessible tools for cardiovascular risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Deza
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Colina
- Internal Medicine Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Oscar Beloqui
- Internal Medicine Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - José Ignacio Monreal
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Julia Maroto-García
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Mugueta
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Alvaro González
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Nerea Varo
- Clinical Biochemistry Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
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10
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Moss K, Gitman V, Pinto Sanchez MI, Oczkowski S, Armstrong D, Jayakumar S, Karvellas CJ, Selzner N, Dionne J. Evidence related to a vegetarian diet and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: protocol for a scoping review. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e079750. [PMID: 38604643 PMCID: PMC11015203 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-079750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD) is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and the leading cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Given that there is no pharmacological treatment for MASLD, it is imperative to understand whether lifestyle modifications may improve biochemical and pathological outcomes. One commonly proposed dietary modification is the Mediterranean diet; however, vegetarianism may also be a promising intervention. Vegetarianism has been shown to be associated with reduced morbidity and mortality in metabolic syndrome outcomes in coronary artery disease and diabetes; however, the relationship between vegetarian diet and MASLD is less clear. In this scoping review, we will provide a comprehensive overview of the current body of evidence related to a vegetarian diet and MASLD. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The aim of this scoping review is to describe and summarise the current body of evidence related to MASLD and a vegetarian diet. This review will be conducted using Arksey and O'Malley's framework. The literature review will be conducted using the following databases: SCOPUS, Web of Science, CINAHL-Plus, Cochrane Library and Medline. No restriction will be made on publication date. Included studies will encompass clinical trials and observational designs that examine effects or association of vegetarian diet in adults (≥16 years) and report on the incidence, prevalence or progression of MASLD. Grey literature, non-human studies and articles focusing on changes in a specific food or nutraceutical will be excluded. Articles must have an English-language abstract available to be considered for inclusion. Screening and data extraction will be conducted by two independent reviewers. The findings will be summarised with descriptive statistics. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Approval from a medical ethics committee is not required for this review. Once the review is complete, the findings will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasey Moss
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victor Gitman
- School of Pharmacy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Ines Pinto Sanchez
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simon Oczkowski
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Armstrong
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology, McMaster University Department of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Saumya Jayakumar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Nazia Selzner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joanna Dionne
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University Department of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
- Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, McMaster University Department of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Lee T, Han K, Yun KI. Association between dental scaling and metabolic syndrome and lifestyle. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297545. [PMID: 38573898 PMCID: PMC10994476 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Periodontal disease is a risk factor for diabetes and metabolic syndrome, and non-surgical periodontal treatment has been shown to help maintain stable blood sugar in diabetic patients. Determining the level of preventive scaling in patients with metabolic syndrome will help manage the disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which people with metabolic syndrome or bad lifestyle performed scaling and the association between preventive scaling and metabolic syndrome or lifestyle in a large population. METHODS This study was conducted on adults aged 20 years or older from January 2014 to December 2017 in the National Health Insurance System (NHIS) database. Among 558,067 people who underwent health checkups, 555,929 people were included. A total of 543,791 people were investigated for preventive scaling. Metabolic syndrome components were abdominal obesity, lower high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)-C, high triglycerides, high blood pressure and hyperglycemia. Unhealthy lifestyle score was calculated by assigning 1 point each for current smokers, drinkers, and no performing regular exercise. RESULTS When multiple logistic regression analysis was performed after adjusting for age, sex, income, body mass index (BMI), smoking, drinking and regular exercise, the Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of the group with 5 metabolic syndrome components were 0.741 (0.710, 0.773) (p<0.0001). After adjustment for age, sex, income, BMI, smoking, drinking, regular exercise, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia, the OR (95% CI) of the group with unhealthy lifestyle score = 3 was 0.612 (0.586, 0.640) (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The more metabolic syndrome components, and the higher unhealthy lifestyle score, the less scaling was performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- TaeYeon Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-In Yun
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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12
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Bass J. Interorgan rhythmicity as a feature of healthful metabolism. Cell Metab 2024; 36:655-669. [PMID: 38335957 PMCID: PMC10990795 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The finding that animals with circadian gene mutations exhibit diet-induced obesity and metabolic syndrome with hypoinsulinemia revealed a distinct role for the clock in the brain and peripheral tissues. Obesogenic diets disrupt rhythmic sleep/wake patterns, feeding behavior, and transcriptional networks, showing that metabolic signals reciprocally control the clock. Providing access to high-fat diet only during the sleep phase (light period) in mice accelerates weight gain, whereas isocaloric time-restricted feeding during the active period enhances energy expenditure due to circadian induction of adipose thermogenesis. This perspective focuses on advances and unanswered questions in understanding the interorgan circadian control of healthful metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bass
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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13
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Vinding RK, Sevelsted A, Horner D, Vahman N, Lauritzen L, Hagen CP, Chawes B, Stokholm J, Bønnelykke K. Fish oil supplementation during pregnancy, anthropometrics, and metabolic health at age ten: A randomized clinical trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:960-968. [PMID: 38569788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported that children of mothers who received fish oil supplementation during pregnancy had higher body mass index [BMI (in kg/m2)] at 6 y of age as well as a concomitant increase in fat-, muscle, and bone mass, but no difference in fat percentage. OBJECTIVES Here, we report follow-up at age 10 y including assessment of metabolic health. METHODS This is a follow-up analysis of a randomized clinical trial conducted among 736 pregnant females and their offspring participating in the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood mother-child cohort. The intervention was 2.4 g n-3 (ω-3) Long-Chain PolyUnsaturated Fatty Acid (n-3 LCPUFA) or control daily from pregnancy week 24 until 1 wk after birth. Outcomes were anthropometric measurements, body composition from Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis, blood pressure, concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, and C-peptide from fasting blood samples, and a metabolic syndrome score was calculated. Anthropometric measurements and body composition were prespecified secondary endpoints of the n-3 LCPUFA trial, and others were exploratory. RESULTS Children in the n-3 LCPUFA group had a higher mean BMI at age 10 year compared to the control group: 17.4 (SD: 2.44) compared with 16.9 (2.28); P = 0.020 and a higher odds ratio of having overweight (odds ratio: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.33; P = 0.047). This corresponded to differences in body composition in terms of increased lean mass (0.49 kg; 95% CI: -0.20, 1.14; P = 0.17), fat mass (0.49 kg; 95% CI: -0.03, 1.01; P = 0.06), and fat percent (0.74%; 95% CI: -0.01, 1.49; P = 0.053) compared to the control group. Children in the n-3 LCPUFA group had a higher metabolic syndrome score compared to the control (mean difference: 0.19; 95% CI: -0.02, 0.39; P = 0.053). CONCLUSIONS In this randomized clinical trial, children of mothers receiving n-3 LCPUFA supplementation had increased BMI at age 10 y, increased risk of being overweight, and a tendency of increased fat percentage and higher metabolic syndrome score. These findings suggest potential adverse health effects from n-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy and need to be replicated in future independent studies. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00798226.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca K Vinding
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Astrid Sevelsted
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Horner
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nilofar Vahman
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lotte Lauritzen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Casper P Hagen
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health, Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo Chawes
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Stokholm
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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14
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Angelini G, Russo S, Mingrone G. Intestinal heat shock proteins in metabolic syndrome: Novel mediators of obesity and its comorbidities resolution after metabolic surgery. Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:217-226. [PMID: 38412940 PMCID: PMC10939036 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past 40 years, the prevalence of obesity has risen dramatically, reaching epidemic proportions. Metabolic surgery has proven to be highly effective in treating obesity, leading to significant improvements or complete resolution of obesity-related comorbidities. Research conducted in both animals and humans suggests that the metabolic benefits achieved through metabolic surgery cannot be solely attributed to weight loss. Indeed, there has been an increasing recognition of intestinal inflammation as a novel factor influencing obesity. The gastrointestinal tract is continuously exposed to dietary components, particularly diets rich in saturated fats, which are known to contribute to obesity. It is now widely accepted that heat shock proteins can be released from various cells including intestinal epithelial cells and act as proinflammatory signals. Several studies have shown that circulating levels of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) are increased in subjects with obesity and correlate with the severity of the disease. Moreover, mice with a partial knockout of GRP78 are protected from diet-induced obesity. In this review, we discuss the role of GRP78 in the development of obesity. Several evidence suggests that GRP78 can influence adipogenesis, lipid droplets stabilization, insulin resistance, and liver steatosis. We also provide an update on GRP78 regulation following metabolic surgery, focusing on the bypass of the small intestine as a key factor for GRP78 secretion. Finally, we discuss the potential role of monoclonal antibodies against GRP78 as a treatment for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Angelini
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
| | - Sara Russo
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Geltrude Mingrone
- Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy; Division of Diabetes & Nutritional Sciences, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine & Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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15
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Heard-Garris N, Yu T, Brody G, Chen E, Ehrlich KB, Miller GE. Racial Discrimination and Metabolic Syndrome in Young Black Adults. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e245288. [PMID: 38635273 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.5288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common health condition that predisposes individuals to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and disproportionately affects Black and other racially and ethnically minoritized people. Concurrently, Black individuals also report more exposure to racial discrimination compared with White individuals; however, the role of discrimination in the development of MetS over time and associated mediators in these pathways remain underexplored. Objective To evaluate the association between racial discrimination and MetS in rural Black individuals transitioning from late adolescence into early adulthood and to identify potential mediating pathways. Design, Setting, and Participants This longitudinal cohort study included Black adolescents enrolled in the Strong African American Families Healthy Adults (SHAPE) Project between June 2009 and May 2021. Families resided in rural counties of Georgia, where poverty rates are among the highest in the nation. Analyses included 322 of the 500 participants who originally enrolled in SHAPE and who were eligible to participate. Guardians provided information about socioeconomic disadvantage. Analyses were conducted in April 2023. Exposures Youths reported exposure to racial discrimination annually from ages 19 to 21 years. Main Outcomes and Measures MetS was the main health outcome and was measured at ages 25 and 31 years. MetS was diagnosed according to the International Diabetes Federation guidelines, which requires central adiposity (ie, waist circumference ≥94 cm for males and ≥80 cm for females) and at least 2 of the 4 additional components: signs of early hypertension (ie, systolic blood pressure ≥130 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥85 mm Hg); elevated triglyceride levels (ie, >150 mg/dL); elevated fasting glucose level (ie, ≥100 mg/dL); or lowered high-density lipoprotein levels (ie, <40 mg/dL in men and <50 mg/dL in women). At age 25 years, markers of inflammatory activity (ie, soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor [suPAR]) and sleep problems were collected to consider as potential mediators. Results In 322 participants (210 [65.2%] female) ages 19 to 21 years, more frequent exposure to racial discrimination was associated with higher suPAR levels (b = 0.006; 95% CI, 0.001-0.011; P = .01) and more sleep problems at age 25 years (b = 0.062; 95% CI, 0.028-0.097; P < .001) as well as a 9.5% higher risk of MetS diagnosis at age 31 years (odds ratio [OR], 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01-1.20; P = .03). Both suPAR (b = 0.015; 95% CI, 0.002-0.037) and sleep problems (b = 0.020; 95% CI, 0.002-0.047) at age 25 years were significant indirect pathways. No significant interactions between sex and discrimination emerged. Conclusions and Relevance This study suggests that racial discrimination in late adolescence is associated with MetS among Black young adults through biobehavioral pathways. Thus, health interventions for MetS in Black adults will need to contend with sleep behaviors and inflammatory intermediaries as well as address and reduce exposure to racial discrimination to narrow disparities and promote health equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nia Heard-Garris
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Division of Advanced General Pediatrics and Primary Care, Department of Pediatrics, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Outreach, and Advocacy Center, Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Tianyi Yu
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Gene Brody
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Edith Chen
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Katherine B Ehrlich
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Gregory E Miller
- Department of Psychology and Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
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Smith ML, Gelaye B, Tsai AC, Gradus JL. Mediation of the association between depression and coronary heart disease by metabolic syndrome components. Ann Epidemiol 2024; 92:1-7. [PMID: 38341050 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is associated with incident coronary heart disease (CHD) via a pathway that may be causal, but the mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. We assessed the extent to which metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components (i.e., elevated waist circumference, low high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, elevated triglycerides, elevated blood pressure, and elevated fasting plasma glucose) may mediate this association. METHODS Data were Framingham Heart Study Research Materials obtained from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHR) representing the total effect (aHRTE) of probable depression, measured via the Centers for Epidemiological Studies - Depression scale, on incident CHD over approximately 18 years. Using inverse odds ratio weighting, we decomposed this estimate into natural direct effects (aHRNDE) and natural indirect effects (aHRNIE) through potential mediators (measured approximately three years after depression). RESULTS Probable depression was associated with incident CHD (aHRTE=1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.93, 2.25), and elevated waist circumference partially mediated this association (aHRNDE=1.34, 95% CI: 0.76-2.32; aHRNIE=1.08, 95% CI: 0.63-1.91). We did not find evidence of additional mediation by additional MetS components. CONCLUSIONS Elevated waist circumference appears to play a role in the association between depression and CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan L Smith
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, United States.
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, United States; Harvard Medical School, United States
| | - Alexander C Tsai
- Harvard Medical School, United States; Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Global Health and Mongan Institute, United States
| | - Jaimie L Gradus
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, United States; Boston University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, United States
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Chan WK, George J. Metabolic fatty liver syndromes: where do we stand in 2024? J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 39:613-614. [PMID: 38357837 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Wah-Kheong Chan
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Genc S, Evren B, Aydın MN, Sahin I. Evaluation of prediabetes patients in terms of metabolic syndrome. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2024; 28:2760-2769. [PMID: 38639515 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202404_35904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Prediabetes accompanied by metabolic syndrome accelerates the process leading to diabetes and causes an increase in complications. The current study aimed to investigate the clinical conditions accompanying prediabetes and the effect of the association of metabolic syndrome on clinical outcomes in prediabetics. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted with 88 prediabetic individuals between November 2022 and January 2023. Prediabetes was diagnosed using the American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, and metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the International Diabetes Federation criteria. Clinical history, physical examination and laboratory tests of the participants were recorded. RESULTS Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was present in 69 of 88 prediabetic patients included in the study (78.4%). Hypertension (p=0.019), abdominal obesity (p<0.001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) elevation (p=0.006), and dyslipidemia (p=0.020) were detected more frequently in prediabetic individuals accompanied by MetS. Median values of waist circumference (p=0.020), systolic blood pressure (p=0.021), triglyceride (p<0.001), LDL (p=0.003) and postprandial blood sugar (p=0.049) in prediabetics accompanied by MetS were statistically significant. It was higher than those without MetS. The median Vit-D level of prediabetics without MetS was higher than those with MetS (p=0.049). The median creatinine value of prediabetics without MetS was higher than that of prediabetics with MetS (p=0.049). CONCLUSIONS Hypertension, dyslipidemia, abdominal obesity, and metabolic obesity increased in the coexistence of prediabetes and MetS. At the same time, the coexistence of prediabetes and MetS was associated with higher systolic blood pressure, postprandial blood sugar, and LDL levels. Prediabetic individuals accompanied by MetS are at greater metabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Genc
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Inonu University School of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.
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19
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Manczak EM, Millwood SN, Waxman M. A healthy balance: the ratio of social support-to-demands is associated with metabolic syndrome. J Behav Med 2024; 47:348-354. [PMID: 37946025 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-023-00456-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is associated with increased risk for negative health events, decrements in quality of life, and greater health costs. The current study sought to identify whether the ratio of social support to social demands across multiple relationship types (spouse, friends, children, or other family members) were associated with concurrent metabolic syndrome in a nationally representative sample of US adults ages 32-40. Results indicate that the ratio of total social support to social demands was associated with a greater likelihood of meeting criteria for metabolic syndrome, even after statistically controlling for the effects of race, ethnicity, sex, age, income, and prior metabolic syndrome. When considering the relative contributions of each relationship type, greater support relative to demands from friends was the only relationship type that was significantly independently associated with lower likelihood of metabolic syndrome. Although not statistically significant, a trend-level negative association with spousal support/demands emerged, as did a trend-level positive association with support/demands from children. Taken together, the current study reaffirms the relevance of considering social support and demands with regards to metabolic syndrome and highlights the ways in which specific relationships may differentially relate to health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika M Manczak
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 Race St., Denver, CO, 80208, USA.
| | - Summer N Millwood
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 Race St., Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Megan Waxman
- Department of Psychology, University of Denver, 2155 Race St., Denver, CO, 80208, USA
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Park JM, Lee HS, Yang J, Jung DH, Lee JW. Metabolic Obesity Phenotypes and Incident Cardiovascular Outcomes in Middle-Aged and Older Korean Adults: A Longitudinal 10-Year Analysis of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2024; 22:232-239. [PMID: 38603765 DOI: 10.1089/met.2023.0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: This study investigated the association of four metabolic obesity phenotypes with incident coronary artery disease and stroke in a large-scale, community population-based, prospective Korean cohort observed for over 10 years. Methods: The study participants included 7374 adults aged 40-69 years, drawn from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Participants with different metabolic obesity phenotypes were categorized according to body weight and metabolic health status into four groups: metabolically healthy nonobese (MHNO), metabolically healthy obese (MHO), metabolically unhealthy nonobese (MUHNO), and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUHO). Combined cardiovascular events were defined as coronary artery disease and stroke. We used multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression models to prospectively assess hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident coronary artery disease or stroke over 10 years after the baseline survey. Results: During the follow-up period, newly developed coronary artery disease, stroke, and combined cardiovascular events were diagnosed in 151 (2.0%), 137 (1.9%), and 283 (3.8%) participants, respectively. After adjusting for confounding variables, the HRs (95% CIs) for incident combined cardiovascular events were 1.81 (1.34-2.46) in the MUHO group, 1.29 (0.92-1.81) in the MUHNO group, and 1.21 (0.81-1.79) in the MHO group compared with those in the MHNO group. Conclusions: This study revealed distinct risks associated with four metabolic obesity phenotypes concerning incident coronary artery disease and stroke. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, the results indicated that MUHO, but not MUHNO or MHO, showed a higher risk of developing coronary artery disease and stroke than MHNO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Min Park
- Department of Family Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University, Uijeongbu, Korea
- Department of Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Sun Lee
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyeon Yang
- Biostatistics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyuk Jung
- Department of Family Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Won Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Innovation in Digital Healthcare, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Shrestha A, Zhu Y, Ali A. High-Fat Diet Influences Dendritic Cells and T-Cell Infiltration in Apical Periodontitis in Mice. J Endod 2024; 50:506-513.e2. [PMID: 38280515 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diet-induced metabolic syndrome may influence the progression and healing of apical periodontitis (AP). The aim of this study was to evaluate the inflammatory immune response of dendritic cells (DCs) and T helper (Th) cells in normal versus obese mice with AP. METHODS Twenty male C57BL/6 mice were divided into 2 groups: normal chow (NC) and high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 wk. AP was induced in both groups by creating pulp exposure of the right first maxillary molar to the oral environment. Contralateral first molars from each mouse were used as a control. The animal's body mass was recorded on a weekly basis, and they were euthanized after 30 d. The maxillae were removed and processed for micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), histologic analysis, and immunofluorescence staining for DCs (CD11c), Th17 (IL-17A), and T regulatory cells (FOXP3 and IL-10). Different groups were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test, Student t test, and ordinary 1-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons test. The level of significance (α) was set at 0.05. RESULTS The HFD group showed larger AP lesions than the NC group from micro-CT analysis. For the NC group, induction of AP significantly increased immune cell infiltration when compared with control. HFD showed increased DCs and Th17 infiltration in the control group without AP. In addition, there was no significant change in the amount of DCs and Th17 in the HFD-AP group when compared with the NC-AP and HFD-control groups. CONCLUSIONS HFD resulted in an increased immune cell infiltration in the periapical area without AP. Despite the larger AP lesion observed in HFD-AP than that of NC-AP, the amount of infiltrated inflammatory cells did not differ significantly. The results of this study suggest that the DCs and Th17 inflammatory pathways are affected by HFD in the periapical region, but their contribution toward AP complicated by metabolic syndrome requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Shrestha
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Dentistry, Mt. Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Yi Zhu
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aiman Ali
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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22
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McMillan RH, Thomas CC. Racial Discrimination, Inflammation, Sleep, and Metabolic Syndrome From Adolescence to Young Adulthood. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e245258. [PMID: 38635277 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.5258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ross H McMillan
- Section of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Celeste C Thomas
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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23
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Hart SM, Keirns BH, Sciarrillo CM, Malin SK, Kurti SP, Emerson SR. Cardiorespiratory fitness and submaximal exercise dynamics in normal-weight obesity and metabolically healthy obesity. Eur J Appl Physiol 2024; 124:1131-1142. [PMID: 37917417 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05344-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is critical for cardiovascular health. Normal-weight obesity (NWO) and metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) may be at increased risk for cardiovascular disease, but a comparison of CRF and submaximal exercise dynamics against rigorously defined low- and high-risk groups is lacking. METHODS Four groups (N = 40; 10/group) based on body mass index (BMI), body fat %, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk factors were recruited: healthy controls (CON; BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, body fat < 25% [M] or < 35% [F], 0-1 risk factors), NWO (BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m2, body fat ≥ 25% [M] or ≥ 35% [F]), MHO (BMI > 30 kg/m2, body fat ≥ 25% [M] or ≥ 35% [F], 0-1 risk factors), or metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO; BMI > 30 kg/m2, body fat ≥ 25% [M] or ≥ 35% [F], 2 + risk factors). All participants completed a V ˙ O2peak test on a cycle ergometer. RESULTS V ˙ O2peak was similarly low in NWO (27.0 ± 4.8 mL/kg/min), MHO (25.4 ± 6.7 mL/kg/min) and MUO (24.6 ± 10.0 mL/kg/min) relative to CON (44.2 ± 11.0 mL/kg/min) when normalized to total body mass (p's < 0.01), and adjusting for fat mass or lean mass did not alter these results. This same differential V ˙ O2 pattern was apparent beginning at 25% of the exercise test (PGroup*Time < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS NWO and MHO had similar peak and submaximal CRF to MUO, despite some favorable health traits. Our work adds clarity to the notion that excess adiposity hinders CRF across BMI categories. CLINICALTRIALS gov registration: NCT05008952.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Hart
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA
| | - Bryant H Keirns
- Department of Nutrition and Heath Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, 47306, USA
| | - Christina M Sciarrillo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA
| | - Steven K Malin
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA
| | - Stephanie P Kurti
- Department of Kinesiology, James Madison University, Harrisonburg, VA, 22807, USA
| | - Sam R Emerson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA.
- Oklahoma State University, 211 Nancy Randolph Davis, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.
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Garthwaite T, Sjöros T, Laine S, Koivumäki M, Vähä-Ypyä H, Verho T, Norha J, Kallio P, Saarenhovi M, Löyttyniemi E, Sievänen H, Houttu N, Laitinen K, Kalliokoski KK, Vasankari T, Knuuti J, Heinonen I. Sedentary time associates detrimentally and physical activity beneficially with metabolic flexibility in adults with metabolic syndrome. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E503-E514. [PMID: 38416072 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00338.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic flexibility (MetFlex) describes the ability to respond and adapt to changes in metabolic demand and substrate availability. The relationship between physical (in)activity and MetFlex is unclear. This study aimed to determine whether sedentary time, physical activity (PA), and cardiorespiratory fitness associate with MetFlex. Sedentary time, standing, and PA were measured with accelerometers for 4 weeks in 64 sedentary adults with metabolic syndrome [37 women, 27 men; 58.3 (SD 6.8) years]. Fitness (V̇o2max; mL·kg-1·min-1) was measured with graded maximal cycle ergometry. MetFlex was assessed with indirect calorimetry as the change in respiratory exchange ratio (ΔRER) from fasting to insulin stimulation with hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp and from low-intensity to maximal exercise. Carbohydrate (CHOox) and fat oxidation (FATox) were calculated from respiratory gases. High sedentary time associated with higher fasting RER [β = 0.35 (95% confidence interval: 0.04, 0.67)], impaired insulin-stimulated MetFlex (ΔRER) [β=-0.41 (-0.72, -0.09)], and lower fasting FATox [β=-0.36 (-0.67, -0.04)]. Standing associated with lower fasting RER [β=-0.32 (-0.62, -0.02)]. Higher standing time and steps/day associated with higher fasting FATox [β = 0.31 (0.01, 0.61), and β = 0.26 (0.00, 0.53)]. Light-intensity and total PA associated with better insulin-stimulated MetFlex [β = 0.33 (0.05, 0.61)], and β = 0.33 (0.05, 0.60)]. Higher V̇o2max associated with higher CHOox during maximal exercise [β = 0.81 (0.62, 1.00)], as well as during insulin stimulation [β = 0.43 (0.13, 0.73)]. P values are less than 0.05 for all associations. Sedentary time and PA associate with MetFlex. Reducing sitting and increasing PA of even light intensity might aid in the prevention of metabolic diseases in risk populations through their potential effects on energy metabolism.NEW & NOTEWORTHY High accelerometer-assessed sedentary time associates with metabolic inflexibility measured during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp in adults with metabolic syndrome, and more light-intensity and total physical activity associate with more metabolic flexibility. Physical activity behaviors may thus play an important role in the regulation of fuel metabolism. This highlights the potential of reduced sedentary time and increased physical activity of any intensity to induce metabolic health benefits and help in disease prevention in risk populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taru Garthwaite
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tanja Sjöros
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Saara Laine
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Koivumäki
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Henri Vähä-Ypyä
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Tiina Verho
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Jooa Norha
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Petri Kallio
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Paavo Nurmi Centre and Unit for Health and Physical Activity, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Maria Saarenhovi
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Eliisa Löyttyniemi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Harri Sievänen
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
| | - Noora Houttu
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kirsi Laitinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Kari K Kalliokoski
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Juhani Knuuti
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Ilkka Heinonen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Åbo Akademi University, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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25
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Peng Y, Qi Z, Xu Y, Yang X, Cui Y, Sun Q. AMPK and metabolic disorders: The opposite roles of dietary bioactive components and food contaminants. Food Chem 2024; 437:137784. [PMID: 37897819 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
AMPK is a key player in a variety of metabolic and physiological processes, which might be considered one of the most promising targets for both prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome and its associated diseases. Many dietary components and contaminants have been recently demonstrated to prevent or promote the development these diseases via AMPK-mediated pathways. AMPK can be activated by diverse phytochemical substances such as EGCG, chicoric acid, tomatidine, and others, all of which have been found to contribute to preventing or ameliorating chronic disorders. On the other hand, recent studies have found that metabolic disruptions induced by pesticides such as 1,3-Dichloro-2-propanol, imidacloprid, permethrin, are attributed to the inactivation of AMPK. This review may contribute to the development of functional foods for treatment of metabolic syndrome and associated diseases through modulating AMPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Peng
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Zexiu Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Yuqing Xu
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xueyan Yang
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, China
| | - Yue Cui
- College of Food Science and Biology, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Quancai Sun
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Food Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, United States.
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Williams M, Kamiar A, Condor Capcha JM, Rasmussen MA, Alitter Q, Kanashiro Takeuchi R, Mitsuru Takeuchi L, Hare JM, Shehadeh LA. A Murine Model of Hyperlipidemia-Induced Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. J Vis Exp 2024. [PMID: 38619239 DOI: 10.3791/66442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) driven by lipotoxicity is incompletely understood. Given the urgent need for animal models that accurately mimic cardio-metabolic HFpEF, a hyperlipidemia-induced murine model was developed by reverse engineering phenotypes seen in HFpEF patients. This model aimed to investigate HFpEF, focusing on the interplay between lipotoxicity and metabolic syndrome. Hyperlipidemia was induced in wild-type (WT) mice on a 129J strain background through bi-weekly intraperitoneal injections of poloxamer-407 (P-407), a block co-polymer that blocks lipoprotein lipase, combined with a single intravenous injection of adeno-associated virus 9-cardiac troponin T-low-density lipoprotein receptor (AAV9-cTnT-LDLR). Extensive assessments were conducted between 4 and 8 weeks post-treatment, including echocardiography, blood pressure recording, whole-body plethysmography, echocardiography (ECG) telemetry, activity wheel monitoring (AWM), and biochemical and histological analyses. The LDLR/P-407 mice exhibited distinctive features at four weeks, including diastolic dysfunction, preserved ejection fraction, and increased left ventricular wall thickness. Notably, blood pressure and renal function remained within normal ranges. Additionally, ECG and AWM revealed heart blocks and reduced activity, respectively. Diastolic function deteriorated at eight weeks, accompanied by a significant decline in respiratory rates. Further investigation into the double treatment model revealed elevated fibrosis, wet/dry lung ratios, and heart weight/body weight ratios. The LDLR/P-407 mice exhibited xanthelasmas, ascites, and cardiac ischemia. Interestingly, sudden deaths occurred between 6 and 12 weeks post-treatment. The murine HFpEF model offers a valuable and promising experimental resource for elucidating the intricacies of metabolic syndrome contributing to diastolic dysfunction within the context of lipotoxicity-mediated HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Williams
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine; Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine
| | - Ali Kamiar
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine
| | - Jose Manuel Condor Capcha
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine; Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine
| | - Monica Anne Rasmussen
- Department of Medical Education, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine
| | - Qusai Alitter
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine
| | - Rosemeire Kanashiro Takeuchi
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine; Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine
| | - Lauro Mitsuru Takeuchi
- Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine
| | - Joshua M Hare
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine; Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine
| | - Lina A Shehadeh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine; Interdisciplinary Stem Cell Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine;
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27
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Chen TS, Mi NN, Lao HY, Wang CY, Lo WLA, Mao YR, Tang Y, Pei Z, Yuan JQ, Huang DF. Investigating the nexus of metabolic syndrome, serum uric acid, and dementia risk: a prospective cohort study. BMC Med 2024; 22:115. [PMID: 38481272 PMCID: PMC10938845 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03302-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global dementia prevalence is surging, necessitating research into contributing factors. We aimed to investigate the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS), its components, serum uric acid (SUA) levels, and dementia risk. METHODS Our prospective study comprised 466,788 participants without pre-existing MetS from the UK Biobank. We confirmed dementia diagnoses based on the ICD-10 criteria (F00-03). To evaluate the dementia risk concerning MetS, its components, and SUA levels, we applied Cox proportional hazards models, while adjusting for demographic factors. RESULTS Over a median follow-up of 12.7 years, we identified 6845 dementia cases. Individuals with MetS had a 25% higher risk of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19-1.31). The risk increased with the number of MetS components including central obesity, dyslipidemia for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia for triglycerides. Particularly for those with all five components (HR = 1.76, 95% CI = 1.51-2.04). Dyslipidemia for HDL cholesterol, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia for triglycerides were independently associated with elevated dementia risk (p < 0.01). MetS was further linked to an increased risk of all-cause dementia (11%) and vascular dementia (VD, 50%) among individuals with SUA levels exceeding 400 μmol/L (all-cause dementia: HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.02-1.21; VD: HR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.28-1.77). CONCLUSIONS Our study provides robust evidence supporting the association between MetS, its components, and dementia risk. These findings emphasize the importance of considering MetS and SUA levels in assessing dementia risk, offering valuable insights for prevention and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Sr Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rehabilitation CHN-50, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning-Ning Mi
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Hubert Yuenhei Lao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, WHO Collaborating Centre for Eye Care and Vision CHN-151, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Wai Leung Ambrose Lo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Rong Mao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rehabilitation CHN-50, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rehabilitation CHN-50, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhong Pei
- Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510080, China.
| | - Jin-Qiu Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Clinical Big Data Research Centre, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Dong-Feng Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Rehabilitation Medicine and Translation, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, WHO Collaborating Centre for Rehabilitation CHN-50, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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28
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Choe EK, Kang HY. The association between platelet-related parameters and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in a metabolically healthy nonobese population. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6118. [PMID: 38480828 PMCID: PMC10937929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease characterized by subclinical inflammation and is related to obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS), but it is also frequently observed in nonobese populations. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between the white blood cell count-to-mean platelet volume ratio (WBC/MPV), platelet-to-lymphocyte count ratio (PLR) and lymphocyte-monocyte ratio (LMR) in association with NAFLD, considering the presence of obesity and MS. Additionally, we aimed to investigate whether these parameters exhibited similar correlations in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) as observed in NAFLD. This cross-sectional study included subjects who underwent a comprehensive health evaluation, including blood tests and abdominal ultrasonography. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on obesity and MS. Out of a total 5929 subjects (3271 males, mean age 49.7 ± 10.6 years), 2253 (38.0%) had NAFLD. WBC/MPV was significantly higher, and PLR was significantly lower in subjects with NAFLD. In the analysis restricted to the nonobese (BMI < 25 kg/m2) population without MS, both WBC/MPV and PLR were independently associated with NAFLD: WBC/MPV (adjusted OR 3.366; 95% CI 2.238-5.066) and PLR (adjusted OR 0.997; 95% CI 0.996-0.999). When assessing the risk of NAFLD based on the WBC/MPV and PLR quartiles, the adjusted OR and 95% CI for the lowest quartile compared to the highest were 2.055 (95% CI 1.626-2.602) for WBC/MPV and 0.660 (95% CI 0.523-0.832) for PLR in the nonobese, metabolically healthy group. The levels of WBC/MPV and PLR were independently associated with NAFLD. Furthermore, in MASLD, an association with WBC/MPV, PLR and LMR was identified, similar to the results observed in NAFLD, even after adjusting for confounding variables. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated a significant association between NAFLD and platelet-related parameters, especially in nonobese, metabolically healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Kyung Choe
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hae Yeon Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul, South Korea.
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Mahmood A, Haider H, Samad S, Kumar D, Perwaiz A, Mushtaq R, Ali A, Farooq MZ, Farhat H. Association of white blood cell parameters with metabolic syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 168,000 patients. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37331. [PMID: 38457562 PMCID: PMC10919507 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukocyte parameters are predicted to be affected in patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to study the association between white blood cell parameters (WBC) in people with and without MetS. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases were searched according to the study protocol. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of leukocyte markers between individuals with and without MetS were pooled using an inverse variance model. Additionally, a subgroup analysis by sex was performed where possible. Methodological quality assessment was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) for observational studies and the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool 2.0 for Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs). RESULTS Of 6068 articles identified, 63 were eligible for the study. Compared to controls, individuals with MetS showed significantly higher concentrations of total leukocyte count (SMD [95% CI]: 0.60 [0.55-0.65]; P < .00001; I2 = 100%), neutrophil counts (0.32 [0.28-0.37]; P < .00001; I2 = 99%), lymphocyte counts (0.15 [0.07-0.23]; P = .0004; I2 = 100%), basophil counts (0.01 [0.00-0.02]; P = .02; I2 = 98%), monocyte counts (0.05 [0.02-0.09]; P = .003; I2 = 99%), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (0.24 [0.15-0.33]; P < .00001; I2 = 98%). There were no significant differences in the eosinophil count (0.02 [-0.01 to 0.05]; P = .19; I2 = 96%) and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (0.06 [-0.05 to 0.17]; P = .27; I2 = 100%) between patients with and without MetS, however, the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (0.52 [-0.81 to -0.23]; P = .0005; I2 = 52%) tended to be significantly lower in patients with MetS. CONCLUSION Biomarkers such as total leukocyte count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, basophil count, monocyte count and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio are associated with higher levels in patients in MetS and thus can potentially be used for early detection of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysal Mahmood
- Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hoorain Haider
- Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saba Samad
- Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Danisha Kumar
- Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aimen Perwaiz
- Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Rabeea Mushtaq
- Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Abraish Ali
- Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Hadi Farhat
- Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Ni D, Tan J, Macia L, Nanan R. Breastfeeding is associated with enhanced intestinal gluconeogenesis in infants. BMC Med 2024; 22:106. [PMID: 38454391 PMCID: PMC10921696 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-024-03327-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breastfeeding (BF) confers metabolic benefits to infants, including reducing risks of metabolic syndrome such as obesity and diabetes later in life. However, the underlying mechanism is not yet fully understood. Hence, we aim to investigate the impacts of BF on the metabolic organs of infants. METHODS Previous literatures directly studying the influences of BF on offspring's metabolic organs in both animal models and humans were comprehensively reviewed. A microarray dataset of intestinal gene expression comparing infants fed on breastmilk versus formula milk was analyzed. RESULTS Reanalysis of microarray data showed that BF is associated with enhanced intestinal gluconeogenesis in infants. This resembles observations in other mammalian species showing that BF was also linked to increased gluconeogenesis. CONCLUSIONS BF is associated with enhanced intestinal gluconeogenesis in infants, which may underpin its metabolic advantages through finetuning metabolic homeostasis. This observation seems to be conserved across species, hinting its biological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duan Ni
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School Nepean, Nepean Hospital, The University of Sydney, Level 5, South Block, Penrith, Sydney, NSW, 2751, Australia
- Nepean Hospital, Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Jian Tan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Laurence Macia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Cytometry Core Research Facility, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney and Centenary Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ralph Nanan
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Sydney Medical School Nepean, Nepean Hospital, The University of Sydney, Level 5, South Block, Penrith, Sydney, NSW, 2751, Australia.
- Nepean Hospital, Nepean Blue Mountains Local Health District, Penrith, NSW, Australia.
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Chen E, Yu T, Ehrlich KB, Lam PH, Jiang T, McDade TW, Miller GE, Brody GH. Family Disadvantage, Education, and Health Outcomes Among Black Youths Over a 20-Year Period. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e242289. [PMID: 38551566 PMCID: PMC10980964 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.2289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Upward mobility (via educational attainment) is highly valued, but longitudinal associations with mental and physical health among Black youths are less understood. Objective To examine associations of childhood family disadvantage and college graduation with adult mental and physical health in Black youths followed up into adulthood. Design, Setting, and Participants This longitudinal, prospective cohort study of Black youths from the state of Georgia who were studied for 20 years (ages 11 to 31 years) was conducted between 2001 and 2022. Participants for this study were drawn from the Strong African American Healthy Adults Program. Data analysis was conducted from April 2023 to January 2024. Exposures Family economic disadvantage (measured during the adolescent years) and college graduation (indicating upward mobility). Main Outcomes and Measures Primary outcomes included mental health, substance use, and physical health. Mental health included a composite of internalizing and disruptive problems (anxiety, depression, anger, aggressive behaviors, and emotional reactivity). Substance use included a composite of smoking, drinking, and drug use. Physical health included metabolic syndrome (MetS) and proinflammatory phenotypes (immune cells mounting exaggerated cytokine responses to bacterial challenge and being insensitive to inhibitory signals from glucocorticoids). Mental and physical health measures were taken at age 31 and during the adolescent years. Linear and logistic regression analyses, as well as mediated moderation analyses, were conducted. Results The study population consisted of 329 Black youths (212 women [64%]; 117 men [36%]; mean [SD] age at follow-up, 31 [1] years). Compared with those who did not graduate college, those who graduated from college had 0.14 SD fewer mental health problems (b = -1.377; 95% CI, -2.529 to -0.226; β = -0.137; P = .02) and 0.13 SD lower levels of substance use (b = -0.114; 95% CI, -0.210 to -0.018; β = -0.131; P = .02). Residualized change scores revealed that college graduates showed greater decreases from age 16 to 31 years in mental health problems (b = -1.267; 95% CI, -2.360 to -0.174; β = -0.133; P = .02) and substance use problems (b = -0.116; 95% CI, -0.211 to -0.021; β = -0.136; P = .02). For physical health, significant interactions between childhood family disadvantage and college completion emerged in association with MetS (OR, 1.495; 95% CI, 1.111-2.012; P = .008) and proinflammatory phenotype (b = 0.051; 95% CI, 0.003 to 0.099; β = 0.131; P = .04). Among youths growing up in disadvantaged households, college completion was associated with a 32.6% greater likelihood of MetS (OR, 3.947; 95% CI, 1.003-15.502; P = .049) and 0.59 SD more proinflammatory phenotype (mean difference, 0.249, 95% CI, 0.001 to 0.497; P = .049). Conversely, among those from economically advantaged backgrounds, college completion was correlated with lower MetS and less proinflammatory phenotype. Findings held after controlling for body mass index at age 19 years. Conclusions and Relevance In this longitudinal cohort study of Black youths, graduating from college was associated with an adult profile of better mental health but poorer physical health among those from economic disadvantage. These findings suggest that developing interventions that foster healthy outcomes across multiple life domains may be important for ensuring that striving for upward mobility is not accompanied by unintended cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Chen
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Tianyi Yu
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Katherine B. Ehrlich
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Phoebe H. Lam
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Tao Jiang
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Thomas W. McDade
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Gregory E. Miller
- Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois
| | - Gene H. Brody
- Center for Family Research, University of Georgia, Athens
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Fan Y, Zhou L, Chen X, Su J, Zhong S. Determinants and outcomes of health-promoting lifestyle among people with schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:177. [PMID: 38439019 PMCID: PMC10913642 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05625-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy lifestyle is an important protective factor of developing cardiovascular disease in people with schizophrenia. However, little is known about the determinants of lifestyle and its contribution to metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to explore the influencing factors of health-promoting lifestyle (HPL) and its association with metabolic syndrome among people with schizophrenia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in twenty-two primary health centers of Guangzhou, China between December 2022 and April 2023. A total of 538 patients with schizophrenia were recruited through convenience sampling. Self-administered scales, questionnaires, and clinical data were collected. Scales and questionnaires included social-demographic information, Health-Promoting Lifestyles Profile (HPLP-C), UCLA Loneliness Scale (ULS), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Cluster analyses were used to divide participants into two groups based on the distribution characteristics of HPLP-C scores. Logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with HPL and the association between HPL and metabolic syndrome. RESULTS There were 271 participants in the high HPL group and 267 participants in the low HPL group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that loneliness posed a risk factor for high HPL, while high education and moderate-vigorous physical activity served as protective factors for high HPL. Low HPL was a risk factor for the prevalence of metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS Promotion of high education literacy and a physically active lifestyle should be priority targets in the health management of schizophrenia. Primary healthcare providers can play a pivotal role in assisting patients to mitigate metabolic syndrome by reinforcing healthy lifestyle strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fan
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Liwan District, 510370, Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Zhou
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Liwan District, 510370, Guangzhou, Guangdong , China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiyuan Chen
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Liwan District, 510370, Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinghua Su
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Liwan District, 510370, Guangzhou, Guangdong , China
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoling Zhong
- The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, 36 Mingxin Road, Liwan District, 510370, Guangzhou, Guangdong , China.
- Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Pombo A, Cordovil R, Rodrigues LP, Moreira AC, Borrego R, Machado M, Costa V, Almeida A, Tavares AS, de Sá CC, Luz C. Effect of Motor Competence and Health-Related Fitness in the Prevention of Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors. Res Q Exerc Sport 2024; 95:110-117. [PMID: 36751024 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2022.2158998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: In the last decades we have seen an increase in sedentary behaviors and a decrease in physical activity in children when compared to past generations. This lifestyle is commonly associated with the development of clustering risk factors that define metabolic syndrome (MetS). Knowing that motor competence (MC) development can influence lifelong physical activity habits, it is reasonable to assume that children's MC will directly link to clustered cardiometabolic health outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of MC in MetS risk factors. Methods: Seventy children with a mean age of 7.49 (SD = 1.28) years were evaluated on motor competence (MCA-Motor Competence Assessment instrument), cardiovascular fitness (PACER test), upper body strength (UBS; handgrip), and the components of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension, abdominal obesity, low concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and high fasting blood glucose. The composite value of MetS was calculated according to Burns et al. (2017). Multiple standard regressions were performed to explore the effect of different variables on MetS. Motor competence and health-related fitness (cardiovascular fitness and relative upper body strength) were used as independent variables (predictors) and MetS as dependent variable. Results: Overall, the results showed that motor competence (β = -.072; p < .05) is a significant predictor and this model explained 7,1% of the variance in MetS. Conclusion: Although more studies are needed, our results indicate that MC seems to have a positive role in children's health markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Pombo
- Universidade de Lisboa
- Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT)
| | | | - Luis Paulo Rodrigues
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT)
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo
- Research Center in Sports Sciences Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carlos Luz
- Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa
- Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT)
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Lyo V. Comment on: The impact of metabolic surgery on natural conception rates in women with infertility, obesity, and polycystic ovary syndrome: a retrospective study. Surg Obes Relat Dis 2024; 20:243-244. [PMID: 38007350 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2023.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Lyo
- Department of Surgery and Center for Alimentary and Metabolic Science, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California
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35
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Stratakis CA. Genetics of primary hyperparathyroidism, our first Batrinos' scholar review, metabolic syndrome, and quite a bit of reproductive endocrinology: a great issue. Hormones (Athens) 2024; 23:1-2. [PMID: 38195949 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-023-00523-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Constantine A Stratakis
- Hormones, Athens, Greece.
- Human Genetics & Precision Medicine, IMBB, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece.
- Medical Genetics, H. Dunant Hospital, Athens, Greece.
- ELPEN Research Institute, Athens, Greece.
- NIH Clinical Center, NICHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Saei Ghare Naz M, Ghasemi V, Amirshekari S, Ramezani Tehrani F. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Is There a Common Pathway? Endocrinol Diabetes Metab 2024; 7:e00477. [PMID: 38494583 PMCID: PMC10944984 DOI: 10.1002/edm2.477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about how polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is linked to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study aimed to review the existing literature regarding the association between PCOS or its symptoms and complications with IBS. METHODS In this review, studies that investigated the proposed cross-link between features of PCOS and IBS were included. This review collectively focused on recent findings on the mechanism and novel insight regarding the association between IBS and PCOS in future clinical practice. An electronic search of PubMed, Scopus, Epistemonikos, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar was performed. We did not restrict the study setting and publication date. RESULTS The existing evidence has not completely answered the question of whether there is an association between PCOS and IBS and vice versa. Six case-control studies (793 women with PCOS and 547 women in the control group) directly assessed the association between PCOS and IBS. The prevalence of IBS among women with PCOS in these studies has ranged from 10% to 52% compared with 5%-50% in control groups. Evidence suggested the common pathways may have contributed to the interaction between IBS and PCOS, including metabolic syndrome, sex hormone fluctuation, dysregulation of neurotransmitters, psychological problems and environmental and lifestyle factors. To date, it is still ambiguous which of the mentioned components largely contributes to the pathogenesis of both. CONCLUSION Although limited evidence has shown a higher prevalence of IBS in women with PCOS, there are several potential, direct and common indirect pathways contributing to the development of both IBS and PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | | | - Shabahang Amirshekari
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani
- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine SciencesShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
- The Foundation for Research & Education ExcellenceVestavia HillsAlabamaUSA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To verify the association between early-life nutrition and chronic adult diseases. DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, Cochrane Database, and Lilacs. SUMMARY OF FINDS The Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis postulates that a mismatch between early-life circumstances and later-life situations may have an impact on chronic diseases. In this review, the authors emphasize the research supporting the impact of early nutrition on the origins of adult height, obesity and metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and reproductive outcomes. CONCLUSION Even though this is a new topic and there are still many research questions to be answered, there is strong evidence that both deficiency and excess nutrition in early life can cause epigenetic changes that have effects that last a lifetime and contribute to the development of chronic diseases. Public health efforts to protect adults from getting chronic diseases should focus on nutrition in the first 1000 days of life, from conception to the end of the second year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucas Victor Alves
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira (IMIP), Recife, PE, Brazil
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Krysiński A, Russo C, Campagna D, Di Pino A, John S, Belsey J, Caponnetto P, Vudu L, Lim CW, Di Ciaula A, Veronese N, Barbagallo M, Iqbal F, Fluck D, Franek E, Polosa R, Sharma P. A multicenter prospective randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of combustion-free nicotine alternatives on cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic parameters in individuals with type 2 diabetes who smoke: the DiaSmokeFree study protocol. Intern Emerg Med 2024; 19:321-332. [PMID: 37999870 PMCID: PMC10954907 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-023-03467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Stopping smoking is crucial for public health and especially for individuals with diabetes. Combustion-free nicotine alternatives like e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products are increasingly being used as substitutes for conventional cigarettes, contributing to the decline in smoking prevalence. However, there is limited information about the long-term health impact of those products in patients with diabetes. This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate whether switching from conventional cigarettes to combustion-free nicotine alternatives will lead to a measurable improvement in cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic parameters over a period of 2 years in smokers with type 2 diabetes. The multicenter study will be conducted in seven sites across four countries. A total of 576 smokers with type 2 diabetes will be randomly assigned (1:2 ratio) to either standard of care with brief cessation advice (Control Arm) or combustion-free nicotine alternatives use (Intervention Arm). The primary end point is the change in the proportion of patients with metabolic syndrome between baseline and the 2-year follow-up. Additionally, the study will analyze the absolute change in the sum of the individual factors of metabolic syndrome at each study time point. Patient recruitment has started in September 2021 and enrollment is expected to be completed by December 2023. Results will be reported in 2026. This study may provide valuable insights into cardiovascular and metabolic health benefits or risks associated with using combustion-free nicotine alternatives for individuals with type 2 diabetes who are seeking alternatives to tobacco cigarette smoking. The study protocol, informed consent forms, and relevant documents were approved by seven ethical review boards. Study results will be disseminated through articles published in high-quality, peer-reviewed journals and presentations at conferences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Krysiński
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish-Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Central Clinical Hospital, PIM MSWiA, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Cristina Russo
- Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, UK
| | - Davide Campagna
- Emergency Department, Teaching Hospital Policlinico "G. Rodolico-San Marco" of Catania, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Di Pino
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sarah John
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Pasquale Caponnetto
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Educational Sciences, Section of Psychology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Lorina Vudu
- Nicolae Testemitanu State Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - Chong Wei Lim
- Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, UK
| | - Agostino Di Ciaula
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Preventive and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePrev-J), Clinica Medica "A. Murri", University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Veronese
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Barbagallo
- Geriatrics Section, Department of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Farrukh Iqbal
- The University of Lahore University College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - David Fluck
- Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, UK
| | - Edward Franek
- Polish Academy of Sciences, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish-Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Internal Diseases, Endocrinology and Diabetology, Central Clinical Hospital, PIM MSWiA, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Riccardo Polosa
- Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of HArm Reduction (CoEHAR), University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Pankaj Sharma
- Ashford and Saint Peter's Hospitals NHS Trust, Chertsey, UK
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Gucenmez S, Yildiz P, Donderici O, Serter R. The effect of testosterone level on metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study. Hormones (Athens) 2024; 23:163-169. [PMID: 37981619 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-023-00507-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MS) may reduce circulating testosterone and, at the same time, low testosterone levels may lead to MS. Thus, identifying problems regarding sex hormones and examining their effects on the pathogenesis of MS is important to prevent serious complications of the condition, such as diabetes or cardiovascular diseases. AIMS This study aimed to investigate the correlations between MS-related parameters and androgen levels. METHODS A total of 108 males [median age 48.5 years (min/max = 21/77 years)] were included in the study. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements (body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, thigh circumference, neck circumference, and length of index and ring finger) were performed. Biochemical analysis was assessed. Additionally, total testosterone, free testosterone, and sex hormone binding globulin levels were investigated. RESULTS Weak negative correlations were observed between testosterone levels and several anthropometric measures/glucose metabolisms (p < 0.05). The highest correlation was between total testosterone levels and body mass index (rho= -0.390, p < 0.001) CONCLUSION: According to our results, controlling weight, one of the preventable risk factors, can have a positive effect on testosterone levels and, therefore, on the cardiovascular system through different mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sercan Gucenmez
- Rheumatology Clinic, Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Pinar Yildiz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Omer Donderici
- Internal Medicine Clinic, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rustu Serter
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Curtis PJ, van der Velpen V, Berends L, Jennings A, Haag L, Minihane AM, Chandra P, Kay CD, Rimm EB, Cassidy A. Chronic and postprandial effect of blueberries on cognitive function, alertness, and mood in participants with metabolic syndrome - results from a six-month, double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2024; 119:658-668. [PMID: 38432713 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anthocyanin and blueberry intakes positively associated with cognitive function in population-based studies and cognitive benefits in randomized controlled trials of adults with self-perceived or clinical cognitive dysfunction. To date, adults with metabolic syndrome (MetS) but without cognitive dysfunction are understudied. OBJECTIVES Cognitive function, mood, alertness, and sleep quality were assessed as secondary end points in MetS participants, postprandially (>24 h) and following 6-mo blueberry intake. METHODS A double-blind, randomized controlled trial was conducted, assessing the primary effect of consuming freeze-dried blueberry powder, compared against an isocaloric placebo, on cardiometabolic health >6 mo and a 24 h postprandial period (at baseline). In this secondary analysis of the main study, data from those completing mood, alertness, cognition, and sleep assessments are presented (i.e., n = 115 in the 6 mo study, n = 33 in the postprandial study), using the following: 1) Bond-Lader self-rated scores, 2) electronic cognitive battery (i.e., testing attention, working memory, episodic memory, speed of memory retrieval, executive function, and picture recognition), and 3) the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire. Urinary and serum anthocyanin metabolites were quantified, and apolipoprotein E genotype status was determined. RESULTS Postprandial self-rated calmness significantly improved after 1 cup of blueberries (P = 0.01; q = 0.04; with an 11.6% improvement compared with baseline between 0 and 24 h for the 1 cup group), but all other mood, sleep, and cognitive function parameters were unaffected after postprandial and 6-mo blueberries. Across the ½ and 1 cup groups, microbial metabolites of anthocyanins and chlorogenic acid (i.e., hydroxycinnamic acids, benzoic acids, phenylalanine derivatives, and hippuric acids) and catechin were associated with favorable chronic and postprandial memory, attention, executive function, and calmness. CONCLUSIONS Although self-rated calmness improved postprandially, and significant cognition-metabolite associations were identified, our data did not support strong cognitive, mood, alertness, or sleep quality improvements in MetS participants after blueberry intervention. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02035592.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Curtis
- Nutrition and Preventive Medicine Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom
| | - Vera van der Velpen
- Nutrition and Preventive Medicine Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom
| | - Lindsey Berends
- Nutrition and Preventive Medicine Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Jennings
- Institute for Global Food Security, Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | - Laura Haag
- Nutrition and Preventive Medicine Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom
| | - Anne-Marie Minihane
- Nutrition and Preventive Medicine Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, United Kingdom
| | - Preeti Chandra
- Food Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Colin D Kay
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Eric B Rimm
- Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Aedín Cassidy
- Institute for Global Food Security, Nutrition and Preventive Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland.
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Vilahur G, Alcover S, Magaldi M. Narrowing the gap toward successful translational research in cardiovascular disease. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H797-H799. [PMID: 38305750 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00038.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Vilahur
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- CiberCV, Institute Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sebastià Alcover
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Magaldi
- Research Institute, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Zahmatkesh A, Sohouli MH, Shojaie S, Rohani P. The effect of orlistat in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver in adolescents with overweight and obese. Eur J Pediatr 2024; 183:1173-1182. [PMID: 38081992 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-05369-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which can manifest as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) or severe fibrosis, is the most prevalent chronic liver disease in children and adolescents. However, there is no proven cure for it so far. This study was conducted to determine whether adolescents with NAFLD would improve with treatment intervention with orlistat. This study is a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Fifty-three adolescents with overweight/obese as well as with NAFLD randomly allocated to receive orlistat (n = 27) or placebo as control (n = 26) for 12 weeks. In addition, NAFLD activity score, anthropometric factors, biochemical parameters including serum levels of lipid profiles, liver enzyme, and glucose metabolism taken from subjects at baseline and end of the study were investigated. The findings of our article indicated that orlistat improves liver enzymes (alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase) (P = < 0.001), steatosis score (P = 0.001), NAFLD activity score (P = < 0.001), weight (P = < 0.001), body mass index (BMI) (P = < 0.001), waist circumferences (WC) (P = < 0.001), BMI-Z score (P = < 0.001), glucose metabolism (P = 0.001), total cholesterol (TC) (P = 0.009), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL) (P = < 0.001), and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol HDL levels (P = 0.014) compared to the control group after adjusting for possible confounders for 12 weeks. However, no significant changes were observed on triglyceride (TG) following intake of orlistat compared to placebo after adjusting for confounders. CONCLUSION The findings of our study reported that orlistat improved NAFLD-related factors and metabolic syndrome-related factors compared to placebo for 12 weeks. TRIAL REGISTRATION (Clinical trial registry number: IRCT20220409054467N2, with a registration date of 2022-05-13). WHAT IS KNOWN • Among the interventions of interest for the management of pediatric NAFLD, we can mention lifestyle and pharmaceutical measures. WHAT IS NEW • This study was conducted to determine whether adolescents with NAFLD would improve with treatment intervention with orlistat. • The findings of our study reported that orlistat improved NAFLD-related factors and metabolic syndrome-related factors compared to placebo for 12 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arefeh Zahmatkesh
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Sohouli
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Centre of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Shojaie
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Centre of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pejman Rohani
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Centre of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Koshta K, Chauhan A, Singh S, Gaikwad AN, Kumar M, Srivastava V. Altered Igf2 imprint leads to accelerated adipogenesis and early onset of metabolic syndrome in male mice following gestational arsenic exposure. Chemosphere 2024; 352:141493. [PMID: 38368966 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Developmental exposure to environmental pollutants has been shown to promote adverse health outcomes in offspring. Exposure to heavy metals such as arsenic which also has endocrine-disrupting activity is being increasingly linked with cancers, diabetes, and lately with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). In this work, we have assessed the effects of preconceptional plus gestational arsenic exposure on the developmental programming of MetS in offspring. In our study, only gestational arsenic exposure led to reduced birth weight, followed by catch-up growth, adiposity, elevated serum triglycerides levels, and hyperglycemia in male offspring. Significant adipocyte dysfunction was observed in offspring with increased hypertrophy, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation in epididymal white adipose tissue. Adipose tissue regulates the metabolic health of individuals and its dysfunction resulted in elevated serum levels of metabolism-regulating adipokines (Leptin, Resistin) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (PAI-1, TNFα). The progenitor adipose-derived stem cells (AdSCs) from exposed progeny had increased proliferation and adipogenic potential with excess lipid accumulation. We also found increased activation of Akt, ERK1/2 & p38 MAPK molecules in arsenic-exposed AdSCs along with increased levels of phospho-Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (p-IGF1R) and its upstream activator Insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF2). Overexpression of Igf2 was found to be due to arsenic-mediated DNA hypermethylation at the imprinting control region (ICR) located -2kb to -4.4 kb upstream of the H19 gene which caused a reduction in the conserved zinc finger protein (CTCF) occupancy. This further led to persistent activation of the MAPK signaling cascade and enhanced adipogenesis leading to the early onset of MetS in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Koshta
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Anchal Chauhan
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sukhveer Singh
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Anil Nilkanth Gaikwad
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Division of Pharmacology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mahadeo Kumar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India; Drug and Chemical Toxicology, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India
| | - Vikas Srivastava
- Systems Toxicology Group, FEST Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Vishvigyan Bhawan, 31, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226001, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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Connolly K, Batacan R, Jackson D, Fenning AS. Effects of epicatechin on cardiovascular function in middle-aged diet-induced obese rat models of metabolic syndrome. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:593-605. [PMID: 37732427 PMCID: PMC10803822 DOI: 10.1017/s000711452300209x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the cardiovascular effects of epicatechin, a flavonoid found in green tea and cocoa, in attenuating complications associated with metabolic syndrome in diet-induced obese rats. Male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats aged 16 weeks were fed either standard rat chow or given a high-fat-high-carbohydrate (HFHC) diet for 20 weeks. Epicatechin treatment (5 mg/kg/d) was administered to a subset of WKY rats commencing at week 8 of the 20 week HFHC feeding period. Body weights, food, water and energy intakes, blood pressure, heart rate and glucose tolerance were measured throughout the treatment period. Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, lipid levels, cardiac collagen deposition, cardiac electrical function, aortic and mesenteric vessel reactivity were examined after the treatment. Twenty weeks of HFHC feeding in WKY rats resulted in the development of metabolic syndrome indicated by the presence of abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia, glucose intolerance and increased blood pressure. Epicatechin treatment was found to enhance the oxidative stress status in HFHC groups through an increase in serum nitric oxide levels and a decrease in 8-isoprostane concentrations. Furthermore, WKY-HFHC rats displayed a decrease in IL-6 levels. The lipid profiles in HFHC groups showed improvement, with a decrease in LDL-cholesterol and TAG and an increase in HDL-cholesterol levels observed in WKY-HFHC rats. However, epicatechin was not effective in preventing weight gain, glucose intolerance or hypertension in HFHC fed rats. Overall, the results of this study suggest that epicatechin has the potential to improve the underlying mechanisms associated with metabolic syndrome in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Connolly
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD4701, Australia
| | - Romeo Batacan
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD4701, Australia
| | - Douglas Jackson
- Australian Catholic University, 40 Edward St, North Sydney, NSW2060, Australia
| | - Andrew Stuart Fenning
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bruce Highway, Rockhampton, QLD4701, Australia
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Chege BM, Mwangi PW, Githinji CG, Bukachi F. Dietary regimens appear to possess significant effects on the development of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART)-associated metabolic syndrome. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298752. [PMID: 38416754 PMCID: PMC10901320 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study investigated the interactions between a low protein high calorie (LPHC) diet and an integrase inhibitor-containing antiretroviral drug regimen (INI-CR)in light of evidence suggesting that the initiation of cART in patients with poor nutritional status is a predictor of mortality independent of immune status. METHODS Freshly weaned Sprague Dawley rats (120) were randomized into the standard, LPHC and normal protein high calorie (NPHC) diet groups (n = 40/group) initially for 15 weeks. Thereafter, experimental animals in each diet group were further randomized into four treatment sub-groups (n = 10/group) Control (normal saline), group 1(TDF+3TC+DTG and Tesamorelin), group 2 (TDF+3TC+DTG), and Positive control (AZT+3TC+ATV/r) with treatment and diets combined for 9 weeks. Weekly body weights, fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT); lipid profiles, liver weights, hepatic triglycerides and adiposity were assessed at week 24. RESULTS At week 15, body weights increased between the diet group in phase 1(standard 146 ± 1.64 vs. 273.1 ± 1.56 g), (NPHC, 143.5 ± 2.40 vs. 390.2 ± 4.94 g) and (LPHC, 145.5 ± 2.28 g vs. 398.3 ± 4.89 g) (p< 0.0001). A similar increase was noted in the FBG and OGTT (p< 0.0001). In phase 2, there was an increase in FBG, OGTT, body weights, lipid profile, liver weights, hepatic triglycerides, adiposity and insulin levels in group 2 and positive control in both NPHC and LPHC diet groups (p<0.0001). Growth hormone levels were decreased in Tesamorelin-free group 2 and positive control in both NPHC and LPHC (p< 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS The obesogenic activities of the LPHC diet exceeded that of the NPHC diet and interacted with both integrase-containing and classical cART drug regimens to reproduce cART associated metabolic dysregulation. The effects were however reversed by co-administration with tesamorelin, a synthetic growth hormone releasing hormone analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boniface M Chege
- School of Health Sciences, Dedan Kimathi University of Technology, Nyeri, Kenya
- Department of Human Anatomy and Medical Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Peter W Mwangi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Medical Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Charles G Githinji
- Department of Human Anatomy and Medical Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Frederick Bukachi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Medical Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
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Adeniyi OV, Masilela C, George JA. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors among healthcare workers in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa; cross-sectional study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4756. [PMID: 38413628 PMCID: PMC10899187 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54977-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This study assesses the prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency and its potential association with cardiometabolic risk factors among South African adults residing in the Eastern Cape province. In this cross-sectional study, 1244 healthcare workers (HCWs) completed a self-administered questionnaire and venous blood samples were drawn at two academic hospitals in the Eastern Cape. History of hypertension and diabetes mellitus were self-reported. Participants were categorised as obese if their body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2. Participants were classified as having metabolic syndrome if they had hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity. Vitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency was defined as venous blood concentrations < 50 nmol/L. Associations between vitamin D deficiency and participants' characteristics were assessed using multivariate logistic regression model analysis. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 28.5% (n = 355), of whom 292 were female. Among the participants who were deficient in vitamin D, the prevalence of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic syndrome was 64.9% (n = 230), 9% (n = 32), 16.6% (n = 59), 2.3% (n = 8) and 18% (n = 64), respectively. In the adjusted multivariate logistic regression model, black Africans (AOR = 2.87; 95% CI 1.52-5.43) and individuals ≥ 42 years (AOR = 1.37; 95% CI 1.07-1.77) were more likely to exhibit vitamin D deficiency. However, there was no significant association by age, sex, and cardiometabolic markers. More than one in four healthcare workers was deficient in vitamin D among the study sample, especially the black Africans and older individuals. Further studies are needed at the population level to elucidate on the vitamin D status in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Charity Masilela
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa, South Africa
| | - Jaya A George
- Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service and University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Nairz J, Messner A, Kiechl SJ, Winder B, Hochmayr C, Egger AE, Griesmacher A, Geiger R, Griesmaier E, Pechlaner R, Knoflach M, Kiechl-Kohlendorfer U. Determinants of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in young people: Maternal, neonatal, and adolescent factors. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298800. [PMID: 38386674 PMCID: PMC10883560 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the impact of maternal, neonatal, and adolescent factors on the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in a cohort of 14- to 19-year-old adolescents. METHODS This study is part of the Early Vascular Ageing in the YOUth study, a single-center cross-sectional study conducted in western Austria. Maternal and neonatal factors were extracted from the mother-child booklet, adolescent factors were evaluated by a face-to-face interview, physical examination, and fasting blood analyses. Liver fat content was assessed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) using signals acquired by FibroScan® (Echosense, Paris, France). The association of maternal, neonatal, and adolescent factors with CAP values was analyzed using linear regression models. RESULTS In total, 595 adolescents (27.2% male) aged 17.0 ± 1.3 years were included. 4.9% (n = 29) showed manifest NAFLD with CAP values above the 90th percentile. Male sex (p < 0.001), adolescent triglyceride levels (p = 0.021), Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance index and BMI z-score (p < 0.001, each) showed a significant association with liver fat content in the multivariable analysis. Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with CAP values after adjustment for sex, age, and birth weight for gestational age (p < 0.001), but this association was predominantly mediated by adolescent BMI (indirect effect b = 1.18, 95% CI [0.69, 1.77]). CONCLUSION Components of the metabolic syndrome were the most important predictors of adolescent liver fat content. Therefore, prevention of NAFLD should focus on lifestyle modification in childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Nairz
- VASCage Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Alex Messner
- VASCage Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Department of Pediatrics II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Sophia J. Kiechl
- VASCage Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Hochzirl Hospital, Zirl, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Bernhard Winder
- VASCage Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Feldkirch Hospital, Feldkirch, Vorarlberg, Austria
| | - Christoph Hochmayr
- Department of Pediatrics II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Alexander E. Egger
- Central Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (ZIMCL), University Hospital of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Andrea Griesmacher
- Central Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics (ZIMCL), University Hospital of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Ralf Geiger
- Department of Pediatrics III, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Elke Griesmaier
- Department of Pediatrics II, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Raimund Pechlaner
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
| | - Michael Knoflach
- VASCage Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Tyrol, Austria
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Wang TJ, Chen MY, Lin YC, Chiu WN, Huang TJ, Weng HH. High prevalence of fatty liver and its association with metabolic syndrome among rural adults with chronic hepatitis C: Implications for primary healthcare. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:532. [PMID: 38378519 PMCID: PMC10880326 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17851-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) virus infection is a global health concern that is associated with significant liver-related morbidity and mortality. Owing to the inflammatory pathway, CHC can causefatty liver, liver cirrhosis, and liver cancer and is associated with cardiometabolic diseases, such as hypertension and diabetes. Fatty liver is associated with metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and liver cancer. Hence, the early detection of fatty liver through noninvasive screening in adults with CHC is important in primary healthcare settings. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of fatty liver and its association with metabolic syndrome amongrural adults with CHC. METHODS This was a series of cohort studies related to the elimination of the CHC burden around the western coastal Yunlin County, Taiwan, between August 2018 and July 2021. A cross-sectional study was conducted after hepatitis C virus RNA confirmation in a hepatitis C- endemic area. A gastrointestinal physician or radiologist assessed fatty liver by ultrasonography. Fatty liver was classified into four grades: normal, mild, moderate, and severe. Three liver enzyme biomarkers were identified. According to the Taiwan national standard, metabolic syndrome was defined based on the presence of three or more of the five abnormal biomarkers, including increased waist circumference, elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting blood glucose level, elevated triglyceride level, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level. RESULTS A total of 256 rural adults with CHC were enrolled. The mean age of the participants was 67.5 (standard deviation = 11.8) years, with a low educational level. High prevalence of fatty liver (79%), central obesity (54.3%), elevated blood pressure (55.5%),elevated fasting blood glucose (FBG) level (44.9%), and metabolic syndrome (37.9%) were observed.The results showed that adults with CHC with moderate to severe fatty liver were significantly associated with an increased risk of increased waist circumference (P < 0.001), increased blood pressure (P < 0.001), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (P < 0.05), and elevated liver enzyme biomarker levels (all P < 0.05) after adjusting for age, sex, and educational level. Furthermore, adults with CHC with moderate to severe fatty liver were significantly associated with a greater risk of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio = 2.85, 95% confidence interval = 1.66 to 4.92). CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrate a high prevalence of fatty liver in rural adults with CHC, which is significantly associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and elevated liver biomarker levels. Clinicians and primary healthcare providers must encourage patients with CHC to receive antiviral therapy combined with weight loss management and lifestyle modification, allowing general improvements in their liver and cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Jen Wang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yen Chen
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- School of Nursing, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chih Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Nan Chiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Jung Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Huei Weng
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi, Taiwan.
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Jiang T, Yu T, Jiang L, Qin M, Tong Z. Metabolic syndrome facilitates histopathological changes and the risk of postoperative recurrence in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111540. [PMID: 38237227 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the effects of MS on histopathological features and postoperative recurrence in patients with CRSwNP. METHODS We recruited 529 patients with CRSwNP who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery. They were divided into MS and non-MS groups and followed up for 2 years to evaluate postoperative recurrence. Clinical characteristics, histopathological features, the immunoactivity of signature cytokines, and the risk of postoperative recurrence were compared between the two groups. RESULTS In total, 490 patients with CRSwNP were included in the study, 145 of whom experienced postoperative recurrence. The recurrence rate, tissue eosinophil count and percentage, and expression levels of IL-5 and IL-17A were significantly higher in the MS group compared to the non-MS group. Furthermore, within the MS group, patients who experienced recurrence exhibited higher tissue eosinophil counts and IL-5 and IL-17A levels than those in the non-MS group. Notably, the eosinophil count and IL-5 and IL-17A levels were higher in tissues collected during revision surgery than in those collected during primary surgery, particularly in patients with MS. Binary logistic regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier survival curves consistently indicated that MS independently increased the risk of postoperative recurrence in patients with CRSwNP. Furthermore, the risk increased with the number of MS components presented. CONCLUSION MS promoted tissue eosinophil infiltration, and IL-5 and IL-17A expression, and increased the risk of postoperative recurrence in patients with CRSwNP. MS was identified as an independent risk factor for postoperative recurrence, and the risk increased with an increase in the number of MS components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City), Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Tao Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City), Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Jiang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City), Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Mengyao Qin
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City), Changde, Hunan, China
| | - Zongjing Tong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Changde Hospital, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University (The First People's Hospital of Changde City), Changde, Hunan, China.
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Xin Y, Wise JY, Rajesh M, Cai L. Editorial: Cardiovascular diseases related to diabetes and obesity, volume III. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1381446. [PMID: 38414820 PMCID: PMC10897048 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1381446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xin
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jamie Young Wise
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Mohanraj Rajesh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, United States
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