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Abosheaishaa H, Nassar M, Abdelhalim O, Bahbah AA, Abbas S, Morsi SM, Ghallab M, Alagha Z, Omran A, Elfert K, Bandaru P, Forlemu AN, Reddy M. Relation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and carotid artery intimal media thickness as a surrogate for atherosclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 36:592-607. [PMID: 38489662 DOI: 10.1097/meg.0000000000002721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by hepatic steatosis without heavy alcohol consumption or other chronic conditions, encompasses a spectrum from non-alcoholic fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis leading to cirrhosis. This analysis aimed to investigate the correlation between NAFLD and carotid intimal media thickness (C-IMT), a non-invasive surrogate for atherosclerosis. METHODOLOGY Database searches, including PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library, yielded studies up to April 2023. Included were studies exploring the NAFLD-C-IMT relationship in populations aged >18 years. Exclusions comprised non-English papers, those involving animals or pediatric populations and studies lacking control groups. RESULTS No statistical significance was noted between mild and moderate NAFLD compared to the control group regarding C-IMT [95% confidence intervals (CI): -0.03, 0.12] and (95% CI: -0.03, 0.21), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference only in the Severe NAFLD group ( P value 0.03). NAFLD with and without metabolic syndrome showed statistically significant differences compared to control regarding C-IMT (95% CI: 0.04, 0.12) and (95% CI: 0.01, 0.07), respectively. Fifty-nine studies were mentioned without classification of NAFLD severity and revealed a high statistically significant difference between NAFLD and controls regarding C-IMT with (95% CI: 0.09, 0.12, P < 0.00001). Stratified analysis according to sex was done in two studies and revealed statistical differences between NAFLD and control regarding C-IMT in both groups. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis underscores a significant association between NAFLD and increased C-IMT, emphasizing the importance of assessing C-IMT in NAFLD patients to identify cardiovascular risk and tailor therapeutic interventions for improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Abosheaishaa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/NYC Health + Hospitals Queens, New York
| | - Mahmoud Nassar
- University at Buffalo School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, New York, USA
| | - Omar Abdelhalim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/NYC Health + Hospitals Queens, New York
| | | | - Sharif Abbas
- Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Samah M Morsi
- John's Hopkins School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Duke University, Department of Radiology
| | - Muhammad Ghallab
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/NYC Health + Hospitals Queens, New York
| | - Zakaria Alagha
- Marshall University, Joan Edward School of Medicine, West Virginia, New York, USA
| | - Ahmed Omran
- Trinitas Regional Medical Center|RWJBH, Lindon
| | | | - Praneeth Bandaru
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | | | - Madhavi Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai/NYC Health + Hospitals Queens, New York
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Mohamed MFH, Marino D, Elfert K, Beran A, Nayfeh T, Abdallah MA, Sultan S, Shah SA. Dye Chromoendoscopy Outperforms High-Definition White Light Endoscopy in Dysplasia Detection for Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Updated Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Am J Gastroenterol 2024; 119:719-726. [PMID: 38038351 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Whether dye spray chromoendoscopy (DCE) adds value in surveillance colonoscopy with high-definition (HD) scopes remains controversial. This updated meta-analysis compares dysplasia detection using DCE and high-definition white light endoscopy (HD-WLE) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) undergoing surveillance colonoscopy. METHODS A comprehensive search was performed for randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing HD-WLE and DCE in patients with IBD. The primary outcome was to compare the proportion of patients with at least 1 dysplastic lesion detected by DCE vs HD-WLE. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled using the random-effects model, with I2 > 60% indicating substantial heterogeneity. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach was used to assess the certainty of evidence (CoE). RESULTS Six RCT involving 978 patients were analyzed (DCE = 479 vs HD-WLE = 499 patients). DCE detected significantly more patients with dysplasia than HD-WLE (18.8% vs 9.4%), OR 1.94 (95% CI 1.21-3.11, I2 = 28%, P = 0.006, high CoE). This remained significant after excluding 2 RCT published as abstracts. A sensitivity analysis excluding a noninferiority RCT with a single experienced operator eliminated the results' heterogeneity, OR 2.46 (95% CI 1.56-3.90, I2 = 0%). Although high-grade dysplasia detection was numerically higher in the DCE group (2.8% vs 1.1%), the difference was statistically insignificant, OR 2.21 (95% CI 0.64-7.62, I2 = 0%, low CoE). DISCUSSION Our updated meta-analysis supports DCE as a superior strategy in overall dysplasia detection in IBD, even with HD scopes. When expertise is available, DCE should be considered for surveillance colonoscopy in patients with high-risk IBD, with the acknowledgment that virtual chromoendoscopy shows equivalence in recent studies. Further multicenter trials with multiple endoscopists with varying expertise levels and longer-term outcome data showing a reduction in cancer or cancer-related death are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhand F H Mohamed
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Daniel Marino
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | | | | | - Tarek Nayfeh
- Evidence-Based Medicine Department, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mohamed A Abdallah
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Shahnaz Sultan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Samir A Shah
- Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
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Jaber F, Alsakarneh S, Alsharaeh T, Salahat AJ, Elfert K, Beran A, Gangwani MK, Abboud Y, Al-sayyed L, Madi MY, Jaber M, Dahiya DS, Numan L, Duong N. Gastrointestinal Variant of Lemierre's Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Comprehensive Analysis of 36 Case Reports. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101319. [PMID: 38250215 PMCID: PMC10794926 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2023.101319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A gastrointestinal (GI) variant of Lemierre's syndrome (LS) involving Fusobacterium species causing pylephlebitis and possibly liver abscesses was recently identified. This systematic review aims to summarize the literature on this variant. Methods PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane databases were searched up to November, 2nd, 2023 for case reports or case series detailing the GI variant of LS. Data regarding demographics, clinical features, and management were extracted. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis, including means, standard deviations, and percentages. Results The cohort included 36 patients (mean age 50.8 years; predominantly men 72%). Positive blood cultures were detected in 88.8% of cases, primarily growing Fusobacterium nucleatum (47.2%) and Fusobacterium necrophorum (33.3%). The GI tract was the primary infection source (58.3%), mostly related to diverticular disease (25%). Common manifestations were fever (86.1%), abdominal pain (72.2%), and leukocytosis (86.1%). Thrombosis involved the portal vein in 77.7%, with isolated portal vein thrombosis (PVT) (44.4%) and PVT extending to the superior mesenteric vein (30.5%). Liver abscesses were detected in 50% of cases, with positive aspirate cultures in 92.3%. Treatment included penicillin/penicillin-lactamase inhibitors alone (17%) and ertapenem alone (17%). Abscess drainage (13/18) resulted in complete/near-complete resolution in 83%. Long-term anticoagulation therapy was given in 75% of cases, commonly using vitamin K antagonists (59.2%). No deaths occurred. Conclusion The GI variant of LS should be considered in patients with abdominal pain, fever, leukocytosis, and portal/superior mesenteric vein thrombosis. Identifying Fusobacterium species in blood cultures and liver abscesses further supports the diagnosis. Management involves antibiotic therapy, abscess drainage, and long-term anticoagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Jaber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Saqr Alsakarneh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Tala Alsharaeh
- Department of Medical Education, The University of Jordan – Faculty of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmed-Jordan Salahat
- Department of Medical Education, The University of Jordan – Faculty of Medicine, Amman, Jordan
| | - Khaled Elfert
- Department of Internal Medicine, St Barnabas Hospital, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Azizullah Beran
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Manesh K. Gangwani
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, United States
| | - Yazan Abboud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Leen Al-sayyed
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Mahmoud Y. Madi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Mohammad Jaber
- Department of Medical Education, Al-Azhar University-Faculty of Medicine, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Dushyant S. Dahiya
- Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology & Motility, The University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Laith Numan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Nikki Duong
- Division of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, United States
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Elfert K, Chamay S, Santos LD, Mohamed M, Beran A, Jaber F, Abosheaishaa H, Nayudu S, Ho S. Increasing trend of endoscopic drainage utilization for the management of pancreatic pseudocyst: insights from a nationwide database. Clin Endosc 2024; 57:105-111. [PMID: 37536745 PMCID: PMC10834290 DOI: 10.5946/ce.2023.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The pancreatic pseudocyst (PP) is a type of fluid collection that typically develops as a delayed complication of acute pancreatitis. Drainage is indicated for symptomatic patients and/or associated complications, such as infection and bleeding. Drainage modalities include percutaneous, endoscopic, laparoscopic, and open drainage. This study aimed to assess trends in the utilization of different drainage modalities for treating PP from 2016 to 2020. The trends in mortality, mean length of hospital stay, and mean hospitalization costs were also assessed. METHODS The National Inpatient Sample database was used to obtain data. The variables were generated using International Classification of Diseases-10 diagnostic and procedural codes. RESULTS Endoscopic drainage was the most commonly used drainage modality in 2018-2020, with an increasing trend over time (385 procedures in 2018 to 515 in 2020; p=0.003). This is associated with a decrease in the use of other drainage modalities. A decrease in the hospitalization cost for PP requiring drainage was also noted (29,318 United States dollar [USD] in 2016 to 18,087 USD in 2020, p<0.001). CONCLUSION Endoscopic drainage is becoming the most commonly used modality for the treatment of PP in hospitals located in the US. This new trend is associated with decreasing hospitalization costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Elfert
- Department of Internal Medicine, SBH Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Salomon Chamay
- Department of Internal Medicine, SBH Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lamin Dos Santos
- Department of Internal Medicine, SBH Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mouhand Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Azizullah Beran
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Fouad Jaber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Hazem Abosheaishaa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Suresh Nayudu
- Division of Gastroenterology, SBH Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sammy Ho
- Division of Gastroenterology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Ahmed S, Hameed M, Al-Tikriti M, Elfert K, Hussein M, Albakri M, Singh R, Ul Haq I, Ahmad M, Thomas M. Etiology, diagnostic modalities, and short-term outcomes of hemoptysis-a retrospective cross-sectional study from a tertiary care center in Qatar. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:6634-6643. [PMID: 38249873 PMCID: PMC10797390 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Hemoptysis is a concerning symptom characterized by the expectoration of blood from the respiratory tract, which can range from mild to life-threatening. It can be caused by various underlying conditions. Accurate diagnosis is critical for effective management. The causes of hemoptysis can vary depending on geographic location and the population's composition. In this study, we aimed to examine the etiology, diagnostic methods, and short-term outcomes of hemoptysis in Qatar, focusing on data from Hamad General Hospital (HGH), which serves as a major tertiary care center in the country. Qatar has a diverse and dynamic population, primarily composed of expatriate workers, especially from South Asia. Previous data on hemoptysis in Qatar was collected between 1997 and 2007, when the population was considerably smaller and less diverse. Given the substantial growth in population and diversity since then, this study sought to provide updated information on the causes and outcomes of hemoptysis in the region. Methods This is a retrospective single center observational data review from the largest tertiary care center of Qatar, HGH. Patients who presented to HGH from 01/07/2015 to 30/06/2018 with hemoptysis were included in the study. Descriptive and summary statistics were described and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results A total of 172 patients met the inclusion criteria. Most of the patients were male (74.4%) with a mean age of 37.9±16.4 years. South Asians (43.6%) accounted for the majority followed by Qatari nationals (20.3%). Mild hemoptysis was recorded in 89.5% of patients while only 3.5% had severe hemoptysis. The mean duration of hemoptysis was 1.72±0.72 days. The most common etiology was respiratory infection in 72.6% of the patients followed by tuberculosis (TB) and bronchiectasis 7% each. All patients were managed with observation or antimicrobials except two of the patients with severe hemoptysis who required bronchial artery embolization (BAE). There were no reports of recurrence of hemoptysis or deaths until hospital discharge. Conclusions Respiratory infection is the most common cause of hemoptysis at our center. Mild hemoptysis is the major presentation and the majority improved with conservative treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakeel Ahmed
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Al Wakra Hospital, Al Wakra, Qatar
| | - Mansoor Hameed
- Department of Chest, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Khaled Elfert
- Department of Medicine, St. Barnabas Hospital Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mousa Hussein
- Department of Chest, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
- Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mutaz Albakri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebron University College of Medicine, Hebron, Palestine
| | - Rajvir Singh
- Department of Cardiology Research, Heart Hospital, HMC, Doha, Qatar
| | - Irfan Ul Haq
- Department of Chest, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mushtaq Ahmad
- Department of Chest, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Merlin Thomas
- Department of Chest, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Doha, Qatar
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Jaber F, Elfert K, Alsakarneh S, Beran A, Jaber M, Gangwani MK, Abboud Y. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of autoimmune pancreatitis based on serum immunoglobulin G4 levels: A single-center, retrospective cohort study. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:6161-6164. [PMID: 38186685 PMCID: PMC10768407 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i47.6161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a complex, poorly understood disease gaining increasing attention. "Clinical Characteristics and Outcome of AIP Based on Serum IgG4 levels," investigated AIP with a focus on serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G4 levels. The 213 patients with AIP were classified according to serum IgG4 levels: Abnormal (elevated) and normal. Patients with higher IgG4 levels exhibited a more active immune system and increased relapse rates. Beyond IgG4, the IgA levels and age independently contributed to relapse risk, guiding risk assessment and tailored treatments for better outcomes. However, limitations persist, such as no IgA correlation with IgG4 levels, absent data on autoantibody-positive AIP cases critical for Asian diagnostic criteria, and unexplored relapse rates in high serum IgG AIP by subtype. Genetic factors and family histories were not addressed. As the understanding and referral of seronegative AIPs increase, there's a growing need for commercially available, highly sensitive, and specific autoantibodies to aid in diagnosing individuals with low or absent serum IgG4 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Jaber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas, MO 64108, United States
| | - Khaled Elfert
- Department of Internal Medicine, SBH Health System, New York, NY 10457, United States
| | - Saqr Alsakarneh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas, MO 64108, United States
| | - Azizullah Beran
- Department of Gastroenterology, Indiana University, 420 University Blvd, Indianapolis, IN 46202, United States
| | - Mohammed Jaber
- Department of Medical Education, Al Azhar University School of Medicine, Gaza P.O.Box 108, Palestine
| | - Manesh Kumar Gangwani
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, United States
| | - Yazan Abboud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newar, NJ 57873, United States
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Elfert K, Malik M, Aboursheid T, Mohamed M, Elfert Y, Beran A, Jaber F, Elromisy E, Al-Taee A, Kahaleh M. Impact of COVID-19 infection on patients admitted with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: an analysis from the National Inpatient Sample. Proc AMIA Symp 2023; 37:36-41. [PMID: 38174004 PMCID: PMC10761015 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2023.2260280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NVUGIB) is a medical emergency that has significant morbidity and mortality. The available data about the impact of COVID-19 infection on mortality in patients with NVUGIB is limited. Methods We identified all hospitalizations with a principal diagnosis of NVUGIB in 2020. The baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients with COVID-19 infection were compared to those without COVID-19 infection. Results NVUGIB patients with COVID-19 infection had higher mortality (5% vs 2%, P < 0.0001), a longer mean length of stay (6.85 vs 4.48 days, P < 0.0001), and a lower rate of esophagogastroduodenoscopy utilization (40% vs 51%, P < 0.0001) than those without COVID-19 infection. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that COVID-19 infection was associated with a higher mortality rate (odds ratio 2.2, 95% confidence interval, 1.4-3.4). Conclusions COVID-19 infection is an independent predictor of mortality in adults hospitalized with NVUGIB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Elfert
- Department of Internal Medicine, SBH Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mushrin Malik
- Department of Internal Medicine, SBH Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - Tarek Aboursheid
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ascension Saint Francis Hospital, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Mouhand Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Yomna Elfert
- Department of Pediatrics, UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Azizullah Beran
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Fouad Jaber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Esraa Elromisy
- Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Gharbiyah, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Al-Taee
- Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Michel Kahaleh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA
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Shah-Khan SM, Elfert K, Sarkar A, Shahid H, Tyberg A, Kahaleh M. Tips and tricks for endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy. Endoscopy 2023; 55:E643-E644. [PMID: 37084779 PMCID: PMC10121325 DOI: 10.1055/a-2057-0460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sardar M Shah-Khan
- Gastroenterology, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States
| | - Khaled Elfert
- Gastroenterology, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States
| | - Avik Sarkar
- Gastroenterology, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States
| | - Haroon Shahid
- Gastroenterology, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States
| | - Amy Tyberg
- Gastroenterology, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States
| | - Michel Kahaleh
- Gastroenterology, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States
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Beran A, Al-Abboodi Y, Majzoub AM, Ghazaleh S, Sayeh W, Mohamed MFH, Elfert K, Mhanna M, Montalvan-Sanchez E, Musallam R, Jaber F, Bhatti U, Abdeljawad K, Al-Haddad M. Endoscopic Versus Conservative Therapy for Bleeding Peptic Ulcer with Adherent Clot: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2023; 68:3921-3934. [PMID: 37634184 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peptic ulcers with adherent clots are associated with a high-risk of rebleeding and mortality. However, the optimal management of bleeding ulcers with adherent clots remains unclear. We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to compare endoscopic therapy and conservative therapy to manage bleeding ulcers with adherent clots. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases through October 2022 to include all studies comparing the endoscopic and conservative therapeutic approaches for bleeding ulcers with adherent clots. Our primary outcome was rebleeding (overall and 30-day). The secondary outcomes were mortality (overall and 30-day), need for surgery, and length of hospital stay (LOS). The random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled odds ratios (OR) and mean differences (MD) with the corresponding confidence intervals (CI) for proportional and continuous variables, respectively. RESULTS Eleven studies (9 RCTs) with 833 patients (431 received endoscopic therapy vs. 402 received conservative therapy) were included. Overall, endoscopic therapy was associated with lower overall rebleeding (OR 0.41, 95% CI 0.22-0.79, P = 0.007), 30-day rebleeding (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.21-0.89, P = 0.002), overall mortality (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.23-0.95, P = 0.04), 30-day mortality (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.21-0.89, P = 0.002), need for surgery (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.21-0.95, P = 0.04), and LOS (MD - 3.17 days, 95% CI - 4.14, - 2.19, P < 0.00001). However, subgroup analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed no significant difference in overall mortality (OR 0.78, 95% CI 0.24-2.52, P = 0.68) between the two strategies, with numerically lower but statistically non-significant rates of overall rebleeding (7.2% vs. 18.5%, respectively; OR 0.42, 95% CI 0.17-1.05, P = 0.06), statistically lower rate of need for surgery (OR 0.28, 95% CI 0.08-0.96, P = 0.04) with endoscopic therapy compared to conservative therapy. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis demonstrates that endoscopic therapy was overall associated with lower rates of rebleeding (overall and 30-day), mortality (overall and 30-day), need for surgery, and LOS, compared to conservative therapy for the management of bleeding ulcers with adherent clots. However, subgroup analysis of RCTs showed that endoscopic therapy was associated with numerically lower but statistically non-significant rates of overall rebleeding and a statistically lower rate of need for surgery compared to conservative therapy with similar overall mortality rates. Combined treatment with thermal therapy and injection therapy was the most effective treatment modality in reducing rebleeding risk. Further large-scale RCTs are needed to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizullah Beran
- Divison of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, 702 Rotary Circle, Ste 225, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Yasir Al-Abboodi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Abdul Mounaem Majzoub
- Divison of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sami Ghazaleh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Wasef Sayeh
- Department of Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Mouhand F H Mohamed
- Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Khaled Elfert
- Department of Medicine, St. Barnabas Hospital Health System, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mohammed Mhanna
- Division of Cardiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Rami Musallam
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Fouad Jaber
- Department of Medicine, University of MO - Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Umer Bhatti
- Divison of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, 702 Rotary Circle, Ste 225, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Khaled Abdeljawad
- Divison of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, 702 Rotary Circle, Ste 225, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Mohammad Al-Haddad
- Divison of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, 702 Rotary Circle, Ste 225, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
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10
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Abosheaishaa H, Rasool MH, Nassar M, Elfert K, Mohamed I, Eldesouki M, Eskaros S. S3095 Small Bowel Ischemia and Ischemic Colitis Secondary to Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in a Patient With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Rare Clinical Presentation. Am J Gastroenterol 2023; 118:S2075-S2076. [DOI: 10.14309/01.ajg.0000962020.08400.4a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
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11
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Elfert K, Abosheaishaa H, Aboursheid T, Beran A, Ahmed M, Musallam R, Al-Taee A. Primary sclerosing cholangitis hospitalizations in the United States: characteristics and predictors of clinical outcomes. Proc AMIA Symp 2023; 36:700-704. [PMID: 37829220 PMCID: PMC10566382 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2023.2254196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic progressive disease that primarily affects the medium and large biliary ducts. Methods This study investigated the baseline characteristics and predictors of clinical outcomes among hospitalized patients with PSC in the US. Using the National Inpatient Sample database from 2018 to 2020, we included adults with a principal diagnosis of PSC. Results Our study included 2585 adult hospitalizations. The prevalence of cirrhosis, ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD), and cholangiocarcinoma among hospitalized PSC patients was 44.5%, 32.3%, 13.15%, and 5.2%, respectively. Over a third of patients (38.1%) underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). UC, CD, cholangiocarcinoma, and autoimmune hepatitis had no impact on mortality, length of stay, or ERCP utilization. Interestingly, individuals of Asian/Pacific Islander ethnicity had higher odds of undergoing ERCP compared to White ethnicity (odds ratio 4.67, 95% confidence interval 1.25-17.4). Conversely, patients with cirrhosis and liver transplant recipients were less likely to undergo ERCP. Conclusion This is the first nationwide study to assess the clinical characteristics and outcomes of hospitalized patients with PSC. It highlights various factors associated with increased utilization of ERCP, longer length of stay, and increased inpatient mortality. Further research is warranted to explore these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Elfert
- Department of Internal Medicine, SBH Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - Hazem Abosheaishaa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Queens, New York, USA
| | - Tarek Aboursheid
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ascension Saint Francis Hospital, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Azizullah Beran
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Mohamed Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri, USA
| | - Rami Musallam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ahmad Al-Taee
- Department of Gastroenterology, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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12
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Deda X, Elfert K, Gandhi M, Malik A, Elromisy E, Guevara N, Nayudu S, Bechtold M. Clostridioides difficile Infection in COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients: A Nationwide Analysis. Gastroenterology Res 2023; 16:234-239. [PMID: 37691754 PMCID: PMC10482604 DOI: 10.14740/gr1639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a significant healthcare-associated infection with implications for patient morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. However, the connection between CDI and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and its influence on patient outcomes remain uncertain. This study aimed to examine the association between CDI and COVID-19, specifically investigating whether CDI worsens outcomes in patients with COVID-19. By utilizing the extensive National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database and analyzing pertinent factors, this research endeavored to enhance our understanding of CDI within the context of COVID-19. Methods The NIS database was searched for adult patients hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of COVID-19 infection in 2020. Patients with a secondary diagnosis of CDI were identified and separated into two groups based on CDI status. Baseline characteristics, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and outcomes were compared between the two groups using Chi-square and t-tests. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions were performed for the identification of independent predictors of CDI and mortality. Results A total of 1,045,125 COVID-19 hospitalizations were included, of which 4,920 had a secondary diagnosis of CDI. Patients with CDI and COVID-19 were older (mean age 69.9 vs. 64.2 years; P < 0.001), more likely to be female (54.1% vs. 47.1%; P < 0.001) and white (60% vs. 52.4%; P < 0.001). The CDI and COVID-19 group had a longer length of stay (14.1 vs. 7.42 days; P < 0.001), higher total hospital costs ($42,336 vs. $18,974; P < 0.001), and higher inpatient mortality (21.6% vs. 11%; P < 0.001) compared to the COVID-19 group without CDI. Patients in the CDI and COVID-19 group had a higher CCI score (51.7% with a score of 3 or more vs. 27.7%; P < 0.001), indicating a higher comorbidity burden. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed CDI was independently associated with increased mortality (odds ratio (OR) 1.37; P = 0.001) and showed that the female gender and several pre-existing comorbidities were associated with a higher likelihood of CDI. Conclusion CDI is independently associated with increased mortality in patients admitted with COVID-19 infection. Female gender and several pre-existing comorbidities are independent predictors of CDI in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xheni Deda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Khaled Elfert
- Department of Medicine, SBH Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mustafa Gandhi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | - Esraa Elromisy
- Department of Medicine, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Suresh Nayudu
- Department of Medicine, SBH Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Bechtold
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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13
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Mohamed MFH, Elfert K, Wadhavkar N, Marino D, Farrakhan K, Beran A, Abdallah MA, Abdalla A, Farrell R. Choledocholithiasis Can Present with Marked Transaminases Elevation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Dig Dis Sci 2023:10.1007/s10620-023-07981-7. [PMID: 37269372 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-07981-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extreme transaminase elevation > 1000 international units per liter (IU/L) is typically caused by hepatocellular injury due to ischemia, drugs, or viral infection. Acute choledocholithiasis can also present with marked transaminase elevation mimicking severe hepatocellular injury, contrary to the presumed cholestatic pattern. METHODS We searched PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for studies reporting the proportion of marked elevation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) > 1000 IU/L in patients with common bile duct (CBD) stones. A proportion meta-analysis with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to pool the proportion of patients with extreme transaminase elevation. I2 was used to examine heterogeneity. We used CMA software utilizing a random effect model for statistical analysis. RESULTS Three studies (n = 1328 patients) were included in our analysis. The reported frequency of ALT or AST > 1000 IU/L in choledocholithiasis patients ranged between 6 and 9.6%, with pooled frequency of 7.8% (95% CI 5.5-10.8%, I2 61%). The frequency of patients with ALT or AST > 500 IU/L was higher, ranging between 28 and 47%, with pooled frequency of 33.1% (95% CI 25.3-42%, I2 88%). CONCLUSION This is the first meta-analysis to study prevalence of severe hepatocellular injury in patients with CBD stones. Results revealed that approximately one-third of patients with choledocholithiasis present with ALT or AST > 500 IU/L. Furthermore, levels > 1000 IU/L are not uncommon. An elaborate work-up for alternative etiologies of severe transaminase elevation is likely unwarranted in cases with clear evidence of choledocholithiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhand F H Mohamed
- Division of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
| | - Khaled Elfert
- Department of Medicine, SBH Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Neha Wadhavkar
- Division of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Daniel Marino
- Division of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, 593 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Kanhai Farrakhan
- Division of Gastroenterology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Azizullah Beran
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mohamed A Abdallah
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Abubaker Abdalla
- Division of Digestive Disease, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ronan Farrell
- Division of Gastroenterology, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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14
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Mathew DM, Chilakala A, Elfert K. Rhabdomyolysis in the Setting of Severe Hyponatremia: A Case Report. Cureus 2023; 15:e39993. [PMID: 37416016 PMCID: PMC10321562 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrolyte imbalances are common problems among hospitalized patients, and they can have severe consequences. Although rare, severe hyponatremia or low sodium (Na) levels have been associated with the occurrence of rhabdomyolysis. This is a case of a 45-year-old man who presented with confusion and lethargy and was found to have severe hyponatremia with an elevated creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level of 45,440 IU/L. With the administration of normal saline, the Na levels and CPK improved. He was discharged from the hospital in stable clinical condition. This case demonstrates the need for providers to monitor rhabdomyolysis markers in severe hyponatremia, as there is an observed association between the two and the sequelae can be severe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M Mathew
- Internal Medicine, City University of New York (CUNY) School of Medicine, New York City, USA
| | - Akhila Chilakala
- Internal Medicine, City University of New York (CUNY) School of Medicine, New York City, USA
| | - Khaled Elfert
- Internal Medicine, St. Barnabas Hospital Health System, New York City, USA
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15
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Beran A, Mohamed MF, Abdelfattah T, Sarkis Y, Montrose J, Sayeh W, Musallam R, Jaber F, Elfert K, Montalvan-Sanchez E, Al-Haddad M. Lumen-Apposing Metal Stent With and Without Concurrent Double-Pigtail Plastic Stent for Pancreatic Fluid Collections: A Comparative Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gastroenterology Res 2023; 16:59-67. [PMID: 37187554 PMCID: PMC10181339 DOI: 10.14740/gr1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMSs) are often used to drain pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs). However, adverse events, such as stent obstruction, infection, or bleeding, have been reported. Concurrent double-pigtail plastic stent (DPPS) deployment has been suggested to prevent these adverse events. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of LAMS with DPPS vs. LAMS alone in the drainage of PFCs. Methods An extensive search was conducted in the literature to include all the eligible studies that compared LAMS with DPPS vs. LAMS alone for drainage of PFCs. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) with the 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained within a random-effect model. The outcomes were technical and clinical success, and overall adverse events, including stent migration and occlusion, bleeding, infection, and perforation. Results Five studies involving 281 patients with PFCs (137 received LAMS plus DPPS vs. 144 received LAMS alone) were included. LAMS plus DPPS group was associated with comparable technical success (RR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.97 - 1.04, P = 0.70) and clinical success (RR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.88 - 1.17). Lower trends of overall adverse events (RR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.32 - 1.29), stent occlusion (RR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.27 - 1.49), infection (RR: 0.50, 95% CI: 0.15 - 1.64), and perforation (RR: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.06 - 2.78) were observed in LAMS with DPPS group compared to LAMS alone but without a statistical significance. Stent migration (RR: 1.29, 95% CI: 0.50 - 3.34) and bleeding (RR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.25 - 1.72) were similar between the two groups. Conclusions Deployment of DPPS across LAMS for drainage of PFCs has no significant impact on efficacy or safety outcomes. Randomized, controlled trials are necessary to confirm our study results, especially in walled-off pancreatic necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizullah Beran
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46204, USA
- Corresponding Author: Azizullah Beran, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46204, USA.
| | - Mouhand F.H. Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Thaer Abdelfattah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yara Sarkis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Jonathan Montrose
- Department of Internal Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Wasef Sayeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Rami Musallam
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Fouad Jaber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Khaled Elfert
- Department of Medicine, St. Barnabas Hospital Health System, Bronx, NY, USA
| | | | - Mohammad Al-Haddad
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46204, USA
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16
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Jaber F, Beran A, Alsakarneh S, Ahmed K, Abdallah M, Elfert K, Almeqdadi M, Jaber M, Mohamed WT, Ahmed M, Al Momani L, Numan L, Bierman T, Helzberg JH, Ghoz H, Clarkston WK. Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt With or Without Gastroesophageal Variceal Embolization for the Prevention of Variceal Rebleeding: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gastroenterology Res 2023; 16:68-78. [PMID: 37187555 PMCID: PMC10181335 DOI: 10.14740/gr1618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The role of variceal embolization (VE) during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation for preventing gastroesophageal variceal rebleeding remains controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to compare the incidence of variceal rebleeding, shunt dysfunction, encephalopathy, and death between patients treated with TIPS alone and those treated with TIPS in combination with VE. Methods We performed a literature search using PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Cochrane databases for all studies comparing the incidence of complications between TIPS alone and TIPS with VE. The primary outcome was variceal rebleeding. Secondary outcomes include shunt dysfunction, encephalopathy, and death. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the type of stent (covered vs. bare metal). The random-effects model was used to calculate the relative risk (RR) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of outcome. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Eleven studies with a total of 1,075 patients were included (597: TIPS alone and 478: TIPS plus VE). Compared to the TIPS alone, the TIPS with VE had a significantly lower incidence of variceal rebleeding (RR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.43 - 0.81, P = 0.001). Subgroup analysis revealed similar results in covered stents (RR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.36 - 0.86, P = 0.008) but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the subgroup analysis of bare stents and combined stents. There was no significant difference in the risk of encephalopathy (RR: 0.84, 95% CI: 0.66 - 1.06, P = 0.13), shunt dysfunction (RR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.64 - 1.19, P = 0.40), and death (RR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.65 - 1.17, P = 0.34). There were similarly no differences in these secondary outcomes between groups when stratified according to type of stent. Conclusions Adding VE to TIPS reduced the incidence of variceal rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis. However, the benefit was observed with covered stents only. Further large-scale randomized controlled trials are warranted to validate our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fouad Jaber
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Corresponding Author: Fouad Jaber, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA.
| | - Azizullah Beran
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Saqr Alsakarneh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Khalid Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Wright Medical Center for Graduate Medical Education, Scranton, PA, USA
| | - Mohamed Abdallah
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Khaled Elfert
- Department of Internal Medicine, SBH Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohammad Almeqdadi
- Department of Transplant Hepatobiliary Disease, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, MA, USA
| | - Mohammed Jaber
- Department of Medical Education, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Wael T. Mohamed
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Mohamd Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Laith Al Momani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Laith Numan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Thomas Bierman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saint Luke’s Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - John H. Helzberg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saint Luke’s Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Hassan Ghoz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
| | - Wendell K. Clarkston
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, USA
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Saint Luke’s Hospital, Kansas City, MO, USA
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17
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Mohamed AD, Elfert K, Espiche C. CRT-100.65 The Effect of Income on Age of Presentation of Acute Myocardial Infarction. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2023.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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18
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Elfert K, Zeid E, Duarte-Chavez R, Kahaleh M. Endoscopic ultrasound guided access procedures following surgery. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2022; 60-61:101812. [PMID: 36577531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2022.101812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
EUS-guided therapeutic procedures have emerged in the recent years as a minimally invasive option for the management of complex hepatobiliary disorders. Gastrointestinal surgeries, e.g., pancreaticoduodenectomy, Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass, Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy, and partial gastrectomy with different reconstructions are commonly performed for a wide range of indications that include tumour resections and weight loss. Conventional endoscopic procedures are challenging in those patients due to inaccessible or unreachable ampulla. Patients with surgically altered anatomy are good candidates for EUS-guided access procedures that have shown good technical and clinical success rates. This category of procedures includes EUS-guided biliary drainage, EUS-guided pancreatic drainage, EUS-directed transgastric ERCP (EDGE) and EUS-guided Gastroenterostomy. Studies have shown that these procedures have comparable or better results than traditional endoscopic, interventional radiology-guided and surgical procedures. This article discusses the indications, technique and outcome of the different EUS-guided access procedures in patients with surgically altered anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Elfert
- Department of Medicine, SBH Health System, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Ebrahim Zeid
- Department of Surgery, Kafr El Zayat General Hospital, Kafr EL Zayat, Gharbiyah, Egypt.
| | - Rodrigo Duarte-Chavez
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, St Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA.
| | - Michel Kahaleh
- Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
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19
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Duarte-Chavez R, Elfert K, Kahaleh M. Lost in the tunnel: Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection guided by endoscopic ultrasound coils. Endoscopy 2022; 55:E161-E162. [PMID: 36307070 PMCID: PMC9829770 DOI: 10.1055/a-1944-8973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Duarte-Chavez
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Khaled Elfert
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Michel Kahaleh
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
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20
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Mushtaq K, Khan MU, Iqbal F, Alsoub DH, Chaudhry HS, Ata F, Iqbal P, Elfert K, Balaraju G, Almaslamani M, Al-Ejji K, AlKaabi S, Kamel YM. NAFLD is a predictor of liver injury in COVID-19 hospitalized patients but not of mortality, disease severity on the presentation or progression - The debate continues. J Hepatol 2021; 74:482-484. [PMID: 33223215 PMCID: PMC7836329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Mushtaq
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hamad Medical Corporation; Harvard T.H Chan School of Public Health, USA.
| | - Muhammad Umair Khan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hamad Medical Corporation,Harvard T.H Chan School of Public Health, USA
| | - Fatima Iqbal
- Harvard T.H Chan School of Public Health, USA,Department of Infectious Disease, Communicable Disease Center, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Fateen Ata
- Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Phool Iqbal
- Department of Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Khaled Elfert
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hamad Medical Corporation
| | - Girisha Balaraju
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hamad Medical Corporation
| | - Muna Almaslamani
- Department of Infectious Disease, Communicable Disease Center, Doha, Qatar,Weill Cornell Medicine, Qatar (WCM-Q), Doha, Qatar
| | - Khalid Al-Ejji
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hamad Medical Corporation
| | - Saad AlKaabi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hamad Medical Corporation
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