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Balian J, Mallick S, Le N, Porter G, Vadlakonda A, Ali K, Kronen E, Benharash P. Association of Interhospital Transfer With Outcomes of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Contemporary Analysis. Am Surg 2024:31348241248699. [PMID: 38634485 DOI: 10.1177/00031348241248699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has emerged as a life-sustaining measure for individuals with end-stage cardiopulmonary derangements. An estimated one-third of patients must be transferred to a specialized center to receive this intervention. Therefore, the present study sought to characterize the impact of interhospital transfer (IHT) status on outcomes following ECMO. METHODS The 2016-2020 National Inpatient Sample was queried to identify all adult (≥18 years) hospitalizations for ECMO. Patients were stratified based on transfer status from another acute care hospital. Multivariable regression models were developed to assess the association between transfer status and outcomes of interest. Patient and operative factors associated with IHT were identified using regression. RESULTS Of an estimated 61,180 hospitalizations entailing ECMO, 21,410 (35.0%) were transfers. Annual transfer volume doubled over the study period, from 2915 to 5945 (nptrend < .001). The predicted morality risk of non-transfers decreased between 2016 and 2020 but remained similar in transferred patients. Following adjustment, transfer was associated with increased odds of in-hospital mortality, complications, duration of stay, and hospitalization costs. Patients experiencing transfer were less likely to be of black race and private insurance status. CONCLUSION Despite increasing transfer volume and utilization of ECMO, IHT was associated with significant mortality and hospital complication risks. Further work to reduce adverse outcomes, resource burden, and socioeconomic differences within IHT may improve accessibility to this life-saving modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Balian
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Saad Mallick
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nguyen Le
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Giselle Porter
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amulya Vadlakonda
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Konmal Ali
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Elsa Kronen
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peyman Benharash
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories (CORELAB), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Sayeed S, Reeves BC, Theriault BC, Hengartner AC, Ahsan N, Sadeghzadeh S, Elsamadicy EA, DiLuna M, Elsamadicy AA. Reduced racial disparities among newborns with intraventricular hemorrhage. Childs Nerv Syst 2024:10.1007/s00381-024-06369-w. [PMID: 38526575 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-024-06369-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) can ensue permanent neurologic dysfunction, morbidity, and mortality. While previous reports have identified disparities based on patient gender or weight, no prior study has assessed how race may influence in neonatal or infantile IVH patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of race on adverse event (AE) rates, length of stay (LOS), and total cost of admission among newborns with IVH. METHODS Using the 2016-2019 National Inpatient Sample database, newborns diagnosed with IVH were identified using ICD-10-CM codes. Patients were stratified based on race. Patient characteristics and inpatient outcomes were assessed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the impact of race on extended LOS and exorbitant cost. RESULTS Of 1435 patients, 650 were White (45.3%), 270 African American (AA) (18.8%), 300 Hispanic (20.9%), and 215 Other (15.0%). A higher percentage of AA and Other patients than Hispanic and White patients were < 28 days old (p = 0.008). Each of the cohorts had largely similar presenting comorbidities and symptoms, although AA patients did have significantly higher rates of NEC (p < 0.001). There were no observed differences in rates of AEs, rates of mortality, mean LOS, or mean total cost of admission. Similarly, on multivariate analysis, no race was identified as a significant independent predictor of extended LOS or exorbitant cost. CONCLUSIONS Our study found that in newborns with IVH, race is not associated with proxies of poor healthcare outcomes like prolonged LOS or excessive cost. Further studies are needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaiya Sayeed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Benjamin C Reeves
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Brianna C Theriault
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Astrid C Hengartner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Nabihah Ahsan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Sina Sadeghzadeh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Emad A Elsamadicy
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael DiLuna
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Aladine A Elsamadicy
- Department of Neurosurgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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Sohal A, Chaudhry H, Sharma R, Dhillon N, Kohli I, Singla P, Arora K, Dukovic D, Verma M, Roytman M. Recent Trends in Palliative Care Utilization in Patients With Decompensated Liver Disease: 2016-2020 National Analysis. J Palliat Med 2024; 27:335-344. [PMID: 37851991 DOI: 10.1089/jpm.2023.0367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) have a poor quality of life, which often worsens as disease severity increases. Palliative care (PC) has emerged as a management option in ESLD patients, especially for those who are not candidates for a liver transplant. Objective: To assess the associated factors and trends in PC utilization in recent years. Design: We used the 2016-2020 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database of the United States to identify patients with decompensated cirrhosis who suffered in-hospital mortality. Information regarding patient demographics, hospital characteristics, etiology and decompensations, Elixhauser comorbidities, and interventions was collected. The multivariate regression model was used to identify factors associated with PC use. Results: Out of 98,160 patients, 52,645 patients (53.6%) received PC consultations. PC utilization increased from 49.11% in 2016 to 56.85% in 2019, with a slight decrease to 54.47% in 2020. Patients with PC use had decreased incidence of blood transfusions (28.85% vs. 36.53%, p < 0.001), endoscopy (18% vs. 20.26%, p 0.0001), liver transplantation (0.28% vs. 0.69%, p < 0.001), and mechanical ventilation (46.22% vs. 56.37%, p < 0.001). African American, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander patients had 29%, 27%, and 23% lower odds of receiving PC than White patients. Patients in the two lowest income quartiles had 12% and 22% lower odds of receiving PC compared with the highest quartile. Conclusions: PC utilization in patients with ESLD is associated with decreased invasive procedures, shorter lengths of stay, and lower hospitalization charges. Minorities, as well as patients in the lower income quartiles, were less likely to receive PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aalam Sohal
- Department of Hepatology, Liver Institute Northwest, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hunza Chaudhry
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Fresno, Fresno, California, USA
| | - Ragini Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maullana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Nimrat Dhillon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shri Guru Ram Das Medical College, Amritsar, India
| | - Isha Kohli
- Graduate Program in Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Piyush Singla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College, and Hospital, Punjab, India
| | - Kirti Arora
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College, and Hospital, Punjab, India
| | - Dino Dukovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ross University School of Medicine, Miramar, Florida, USA
| | - Manisha Verma
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Einstein Healthcare Network, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Marina Roytman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, Fresno, Fresno, California, USA
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Curry J, Coaston T, Vadlakonda A, Sakowitz S, Mallick S, Chervu N, Khoraminejad B, Benharash P. Trends, outcomes, and factors associated with in-hospital opioid overdose following major surgery. Surg Open Sci 2024; 18:111-116. [PMID: 38523845 PMCID: PMC10957460 DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background With the growing opioid epidemic across the US, in-hospital utilization of opioids has garnered increasing attention. Using a national cohort, this study sought to characterize trends, outcomes, and factors associated with in-hospital opioid overdose (OD) following major elective operations. Methods We identified all adult (≥18 years) hospitalizations entailing select elective procedures in the 2016-2020 National Inpatient Sample. Patients who experienced in-hospital opioid overdose were characterized as OD (others: Non-OD). The primary outcome of interest was in-hospital OD. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models were developed to evaluate the association between in-hospital OD and mortality, length of stay (LOS), hospitalization costs, and non-home discharge. Results Of an estimated 11,096,064 hospitalizations meeting study criteria, 5375 (0.05 %) experienced a perioperative OD. Compared to others, OD were older (66 [57-73] vs 64 [54-72] years, p < 0.001), more commonly female (66.3 vs 56.7 %, p < 0.001), and in the lowest income quartile (26.4 vs 23.2 %, p < 0.001). After adjustment, female sex (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 1.68, 95 % Confidence Interval [CI] 1.47-1.91, p < 0.001), White race (AOR 1.19, CI 1.01-1.42, p = 0.04), and history of substance use disorder (AOR 2.51, CI 1.87-3.37, p < 0.001) were associated with greater likelihood of OD. Finally, OD was associated with increased LOS (β +1.91 days, CI [1.60-2.21], p < 0.001), hospitalization costs (β +$7500, CI [5900-9100], p < 0.001), and greater odds of non-home discharge (AOR 2.00, CI 1.61-2.48, p < 0.001). Conclusion Perioperative OD remains a rare but costly complication after elective surgery. While pain control remains a priority postoperatively, protocols and recovery pathways must be re-examined to ensure patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Curry
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories, Division of Cardiac Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Troy Coaston
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories, Division of Cardiac Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amulya Vadlakonda
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories, Division of Cardiac Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sara Sakowitz
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories, Division of Cardiac Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Saad Mallick
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories, Division of Cardiac Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nikhil Chervu
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories, Division of Cardiac Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Baran Khoraminejad
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories, Division of Cardiac Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peyman Benharash
- Cardiovascular Outcomes Research Laboratories, Division of Cardiac Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Leyba K, Hanif H, Millhuff AC, Quazi MA, Sohail AH, Sheikh AB, Rana MA. Racial and sex disparities in inpatient outcomes of patients with ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms in the United States. J Vasc Surg 2024:S0741-5214(24)00406-3. [PMID: 38431061 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2024.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a medical emergency that requires immediate surgical intervention. The aim of this analysis was to identify the sex- and race-specific disparities that exist in outcomes of patients hospitalized with this condition in the United States using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) to identify targets for improvement and support of specific patient populations. METHODS In this descriptive, retrospective study, we analyzed the patients admitted with a primary diagnosis of ruptured AAA between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2020, using the NIS database. We compared demographics, comorbidities, and in-hospital outcomes in AAA patients, and compared these results between different racial groups and sexes. RESULTS A total of 22,395 patients with ruptured AAA were included for analysis. Of these, 16,125 patients (72.0%) were male, and 6270 were female (28.0%). The majority of patients (18,655 [83.3%]) identified as Caucasian, with the remaining patients identifying as African American (1555 [6.9%]), Hispanic (1095 [4.9%]), Asian or Pacific Islander (470 [2.1%]), or Native American (80 [0.5%]). Females had a higher risk of mortality than males (OR, 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45-1.96; P < .001) and were less likely to undergo endovascular aortic repair (OR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.61-0.81; P < .001) or fenestrated endovascular aortic repair (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.55-0.91; P = .007). Relative to Caucasian race, patients who identified as African American had a lower risk of inpatient mortality (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.37-0.68; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS In this retrospective study of the NIS database from 2016 to 2020, females were less likely to undergo endovascular intervention and more likely to die during their initial hospitalization. African American patients had lower rates in-hospital mortality than Caucasian patients, despite a higher burden of comorbidities. Future studies are needed to elucidate the potential factors affecting racial and sex disparities in ruptured AAA outcomes, including screening practices, rupture risk stratification, and more personalized guidelines for both elective and emergent intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Leyba
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora
| | - Hamza Hanif
- Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque.
| | - Alexandra C Millhuff
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque
| | - Mohammad A Quazi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque
| | - Amir H Sohail
- Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque
| | - Abu Baker Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque
| | - Muhammad A Rana
- Division of Vascular Surgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque
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Koester M, Dangl M, Albosta M, Grant J, Maning J, Colombo R. US trends of in-hospital morbidity and mortality for acute myocardial infarctions complicated by cardiogenic shock. Cardiovasc Revasc Med 2024:S1553-8389(24)00047-2. [PMID: 38378376 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited real-world data highlighting recent temporal in-hospital morbidity and mortality trends for cases of acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. The role of mechanical circulatory support within this patient population remains unclear. METHODS The US National Inpatient Sample database was sampled from 2011 to 2018 identifying 206,396 hospitalizations with a primary admission diagnosis of ST- or Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. The primary outcomes included trends of all-cause in-hospital mortality, mechanical circulatory support use, and sex-specific trends for acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS) over the study period. RESULTS The annual number of AMI-CS hospitalizations increased from 22,851 in 2011 to 30,015 in 2018 and in-hospital mortality trends remained similar (42.9 % to 43.7 %, ptrend < 0.001). The proportion of patients receiving any temporary MCS device decreased (46.4 % to 44.4 %). The use of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) decreased (44.9 % to 32.9 %) and the use of any other non-IABP MCS device increased (2.5 % to 15.6 %), ptrend<0.001. Sex-specific mortality indicate female in-hospital mortality remained similar (50.3 % to 51 %, ptrend<0.001), but higher than male in-hospital mortality, which increased non-significantly (38.8 % to 40.2 %, ptrend = 0.372). CONCLUSIONS From 2011 to 2018, hospitalizations for AMI-CS patients have increased in number. However, there has been no recent appreciable change in AMI-CS mortality despite a changing treatment landscape with decreasing use of IABPs and increasing use of non-IABP MCS devices. Further research is necessary to examine the appropriate use of MCS devices within this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Dangl
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michael Albosta
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miami/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jelani Grant
- Department of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer Maning
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rosario Colombo
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, FL, USA.
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Abu-Zaid A, Gari A, Tulbah M, Alshahrani MS, Khadawardi K, Ahmed AM, Baradwan A, Bukhari IA, Alyousef A, Alomar O, Abuzaid M, Baradwan S. Association between endometriosis and obstetric complications: Insight from the National Inpatient Sample. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 292:58-62. [PMID: 37976766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between endometriosis and adverse obstetric outcomes using data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. METHODS The ICD-10 coding system was used to identify codes for endometriosis and obstetric outcomes, and data from the NIS (2016-2019) were analyzed. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize variables, while the chi-square test was used to detect significant differences for categorical variables. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between endometriosis and obstetric outcomes. On multivariate analysis, adjustment was done for age, race, hospital region, smoking status, and alcohol misuse. Forest plots were used to visualize odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Overall, 2,854,149 women were included in this analysis, of whom 4,006 women had endometriosis. The post-hoc Bonferroni correction was applied to account for multiple comparisons, and our analyses revealed several statistically significant associations (p < 0.004). Specifically, on univariate analysis, significant associations with endometriosis were identified for ruptured uterus, placenta previa, placental abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia, amniotic fluid abnormality, gestational diabetes, preterm labor, and multiple gestation. On multivariate analysis, significant associations with endometriosis were observed for placenta previa, placental abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, preeclampsia, amniotic fluid abnormality, preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, and multiple gestation. CONCLUSION The present findings provide important insights into the potential relationship between endometriosis and various adverse obstetric outcomes and may help inform clinical practice and future research. Further studies that use more detailed clinical data and longitudinal designs are needed to solidify the presented conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abu-Zaid
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulrahim Gari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Almurjan Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Tulbah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Khadawardi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Albagir Mahdi Ahmed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Baradwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Almurjan Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibtihal Abdulaziz Bukhari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alyousef
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Alomar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Abuzaid
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Muhayil General Hospital, Muhayil, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed Baradwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Tao J, Liu S, Montez-Rath M, Charu V, Chertow GM. Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis with Active Kidney Involvement in the United States: 2016-2020. Glomerular Dis 2024; 4:33-42. [PMID: 38328771 PMCID: PMC10849749 DOI: 10.1159/000536168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) and its subtypes, granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA), microscopic polyangiitis (MPA), and eosinophilic GPA (EGPA), frequently present with acute kidney injury and can often lead to kidney failure, even with successful induction therapy. Few contemporary, nationally representative studies have described hospital complications of AAV. Methods Using data from the 2016-2020 National Inpatient Sample, a nationally representative database, we identified hospitalizations from adults with a new diagnosis of AAV (subtype or unspecified) and an inpatient kidney biopsy during the index hospitalization. We described baseline characteristics, associated inpatient procedures and complications, and compared lengths of stay and costs by geographic region, hospital characteristics, and AAV subtype. Results We identified an average of 1,329 cases of hospitalized AAV with a concurrent kidney biopsy per year over the 5-year period. More than 50% were not designated as having a specific subtype, likely owing to delays in documentation of histopathology. Kidney involvement was severe as the majority of patients developed acute kidney injury, and the proportion of patients who required inpatient dialysis was approximately 24%. Approximately 20% of patients developed hypoxia. Inpatient plasmapheresis was delivered to 20.4% and 20.6% of patients with GPA and MPA, respectively. There were no clinically meaningful or statistically significant differences in adjusted length of stay or inpatient costs among AAV subtypes. Admission in the Midwest region was associated with shorter hospital stays and lower costs than that in the Northeast, South, or West regions of the USA (adjusted p = 0.007 and <0.001, respectively). Conclusion AAV with acute kidney involvement remains a challenging, high-risk condition. Maintaining a high index of suspicion and a low threshold for kidney biopsy should help ameliorate short- and long-term complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianling Tao
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Sai Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Maria Montez-Rath
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Vivek Charu
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Quantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Glenn M. Chertow
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
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Borja-Montes OF, Hanif H, Quazi MA, Sohail AH, Roth MA, Millhuff AC, Sheikh AB. Venous thromboembolism and cannabis consumption, outcomes among hospitalized patients in the United States: A nationwide analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102184. [PMID: 37907189 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) carries significant clinical implications, and with the rise in cannabis consumption, its potential influence on VTE outcomes warrants investigation. Using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (2016-2019), we analyzed 2,217,184 hospitalized VTE patients. Among these, 1.8 % (38,810) reported cannabis use. We compared demographics, comorbidities, in-hospital outcomes, and quality metrics between cannabis users and non-users with VTE. Cannabis users were chiefly younger males (average age 45 in cannabis users vs. 62 in non-cannabis users) from lower-income brackets. Notably, 5.4 % discharged against medical advice. Although in-hospital mortality was initially lower for cannabis users (2.8 % vs. 5.1 %, OR 0.6, 95 % CI 0.69-0.94, p = 0.008), this difference became non-significant post-propensity-score matching (aOR 0.9, 95% CI 0.72-1.10, p = 0.3). Non-users faced higher in-hospital complications, a trend that persisted post-PSM. Among cannabis users, key mortality predictors were peripheral vascular disease, acute kidney injury, vasopressor use, cardiogenic shock, myocardial infarction, invasive ventilation, and surgical embolectomy. Cannabis users also had a shorter hospital stay (4.2 vs. 5.4 days) and slightly reduced costs ($27,472.95 vs. $31,660.75). The significantly younger age of VTE patients who use cannabis, coupled with the considerable proportion discharging against medical advice, underscores the urgency for tailored care interventions. Additional research is vital to comprehensively understand the interplay between cannabis consumption and VTE outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar F Borja-Montes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC10-5550, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Hamza Hanif
- Department of General Surgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Mohammed A Quazi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Amir H Sohail
- Division of Surgical Oncology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Margaret A Roth
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC10-5550, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Alexandra C Millhuff
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC10-5550, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Abu Baker Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, MSC10-5550, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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Ramphul K, Aggarwal S, Verma R, Lohana P, Sombans S, Ramphul Y, Mejias SG, Kumar D, Kwansa NA, Pekyi-Boateng PK. Acute myocardial infarction among teenagers in the United States between 2016 and 2020: a retrospective analysis from the National Inpatient Sample. Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis 2023; 8:e177-e181. [PMID: 38283925 PMCID: PMC10811542 DOI: 10.5114/amsad/168637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is a lack of data on the characteristics of teenagers admitted with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Recent studies have hinted that with changes in lifestyle and easier access to substances of abuse, people may be prone to several cardiovascular complications at an earlier age. Material and methods Our analysis was based on the 2016-2020 National Inpatient Samples. Logistic models allowed us to investigate the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of AMI among teenagers. We explored outcomes and complications such as cardiogenic shock, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and mortality in these patients. Results A total of 2170 cases of AMI were recorded between 2016 and 2020 (53.3 cases per 100,000 admissions among teenagers). Weekend admissions (26.3% vs. 20.9%, aOR = 1.298, p < 0.001), smokers (15.9% vs. 10.1%, aOR = 1.198, p = 0.007), cannabis users (18.9% vs. 8.4%, aOR = 1.558, p < 0.001), or cocaine users (5.3% vs. 0.6%, aOR = 4.84, p < 0.001) showed increased odds of recording a diagnosis of AMI. Females showed lower odds than males (32.7% vs. 65%, aOR = 0.264, 95% CI: 0.24-0.291, p < 0.001). Admissions were more likely among teenagers with hypertension (9.9% vs. 2.5%, aOR = 3.382, p < 0.001). Those not covered by Medicaid or private insurances were more likely to be admitted for AMI than Medicaid beneficiaries (12.4% vs. 8.2%, aOR = 1.278, p < 0.001). Finally, teenagers classified as Blacks showed higher odds than whites of being admitted for AMI (aOR = 1.37, p < 0.001). A total of 270 (12.5%) deaths were also noted. Conclusions Various characteristics among teenagers influence their risk for AMI. Further studies and campaigns on educating teenagers about risk factors may provide long-term benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shaheen Sombans
- Department of Paediatrics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Univ Med College and Hosp, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Masafi Hospital, Fujairah, UAE
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11
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Bodla ZH, Hashmi M, Niaz F, Farooq U, Khalid F, Tariq MJ, Khalil MJ, Brown VS, Bray CL. Independent predictors of mortality and 5-year trends in mortality and resource utilization in hospitalized patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Proc AMIA Symp 2023; 37:16-24. [PMID: 38174025 PMCID: PMC10761168 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2023.2267921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This retrospective study analyzed factors influencing all-cause inpatient mortality in 80,930 adult patients (2016-2020) with diffuse large B cell lymphoma using the National Inpatient Sample database. Methods Utilizing ICD-10 codes, patients were identified, and statistical analysis was conducted using STATA. Fisher's exact and Student's t tests compared proportions and variables, multivariate logistic regression examined mortality predictors, and a 5-year longitudinal analysis identified mortality and resource utilization trends. Results The inpatient mortality rate was found to be 6.56% with a mean age of 67.99 years. Several hospital- and patient-level factors including specific comorbidities such as congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, acute kidney injury, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, liver failure, pancytopenia, tumor lysis syndrome, and severe protein-calorie malnutrition were independently associated with inpatient mortality. Hospitalization costs showed an increasing trend, impacting the overall population and survivors. Conclusion These insights may refine risk assessment, treatment selection, and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Hassan Bodla
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, Florida, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Mariam Hashmi
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Fatima Niaz
- King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
- Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Umer Farooq
- Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Farhan Khalid
- Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | - Victoria S. Brown
- Florida Cancer Specialists and Research Institute, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Christopher L. Bray
- University of Central Florida College of Medicine, Graduate Medical Education, Orlando, Florida, USA
- HCA Florida North Florida Hospital, Internal Medicine Residency Program, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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12
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Hofmeister MG, Zhong Y, Moorman AC, Samuel CR, Teshale EH, Spradling PR. Temporal Trends in Hepatitis C-Related Hospitalizations, United States, 2000-2019. Clin Infect Dis 2023; 77:1668-1675. [PMID: 37463305 PMCID: PMC11017377 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciad425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospitalization burden related to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is substantial. We sought to describe temporal trends in hospitalization rates before and after release of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) agents. METHODS We analyzed 2000-2019 data from adults aged ≥18 years in the National Inpatient Sample. Hospitalizations were HCV-related if (1) hepatitis C was the primary diagnosis, or (2) hepatitis C was any secondary diagnosis with a liver-related primary diagnosis. We analyzed characteristics of HCV-related hospitalizations nationally and examined trends in age-adjusted hospitalization rates. RESULTS During 2000-2019, there were an estimated 1 286 397 HCV-related hospitalizations in the United States. The annual age-adjusted hospitalization rate was lowest in 2019 (18.7/100 000 population) and highest in 2012 (29.6/100 000 population). Most hospitalizations occurred among persons aged 45-64 years (71.8%), males (67.1%), White non-Hispanic persons (60.5%), and Medicaid/Medicare recipients (64.0%). The national age-adjusted hospitalization rate increased during 2000-2003 (annual percentage change [APC], 9.4%; P < .001) and 2003-2013 (APC, 1.8%; P < .001) before decreasing during 2013-2019 (APC, -7.6%; P < .001). Comparing 2000 to 2019, the largest increases in hospitalization rates occurred among persons aged 55-64 years (132.9%), Medicaid recipients (41.6%), and Black non-Hispanic persons (22.3%). CONCLUSIONS Although multiple factors likely contributed, overall HCV-related hospitalization rates declined steadily after 2013, coinciding with the release of DAAs. However, the declines were not observed equally among age, race/ethnicity, or insurance categories. Expanded access to DAA treatment is needed, particularly among Medicaid and Medicare recipients, to reduce disparities and morbidity and eliminate hepatitis C as a public health threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan G Hofmeister
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Yuna Zhong
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Anne C Moorman
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Christina R Samuel
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Eyasu H Teshale
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Philip R Spradling
- Division of Viral Hepatitis, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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13
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Scime NV, Brown HK, Metcalfe A, Simpson AN, Brennand EA. Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at the time of benign hysterectomy among females with disabilities: a population-based cross-sectional study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2023; 229:658.e1-658.e17. [PMID: 37544349 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Up to 40% of patients aged ≤55 years undergo concomitant bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at the time of benign hysterectomy, with practice variation in bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy occurring along the lines of patient health and social factors. Disability is common in premenopausal women and is an important determinant of reproductive health more broadly; however, studies on bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy rates among women with disabilities are lacking. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine whether the use of concomitant bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at the time of benign hysterectomy differs by preexisting disability status in adult females aged ≤55 years. STUDY DESIGN This population-based cross-sectional study used data from the 2016-2019 US National Inpatient Sample. Females undergoing inpatient hysterectomy for a benign gynecologic indication (n=74,315) were classified as having physical (6.1%), sensory (0.1%), intellectual or developmental (0.2%), or multiple (0.2%) disabilities and compared with those without a disability. Logistic regression was used to estimate risk ratios for differences in bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy rates by disability status, adjusted for patient and clinical factors. Models were stratified by potentially avoidable or potentially appropriate bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy based on the presence of clinical indications for ovarian removal and by age group. RESULTS Bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy at the time of benign hysterectomy occurred in 26.0% of females without a disability, with rates clearly elevated in those with a physical (33.2%; adjusted risk ratio, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.14) or intellectual or developmental (31.1%; adjusted risk ratio, 1.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.64) disability, possibly elevated in those with multiple disabilities (38.2%; adjusted risk ratio, 1.20; 95% confidence interval, 0.94-1.45), and similar in those with a sensory disability (31.2%; adjusted risk ratio, 0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.83-1.13). The results were similar but with lower statistical precision for potentially avoidable and potentially appropriate bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, which occurred in 9.1% and 17.0% of females without a disability, respectively. The largest differences in bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy rates among women with any disability were observed in the perimenopausal 45- to 49-year age group. CONCLUSION Females with disabilities experienced elevated concomitant bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy rates at the time of benign hysterectomy, particularly those with an intellectual or developmental disability and those of perimenopausal age, although some estimates were imprecise. Equity-focused physician training in surgical counseling and research into the epidemiology and experiences of gynecologic conditions among females with a disability may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie V Scime
- Department of Health and Society, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hilary K Brown
- Department of Health and Society, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amy Metcalfe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrea N Simpson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital/Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Erin A Brennand
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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14
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Liu KQ, Dallas J, Wenger TA, Ristianto Z, Ding L, Chow F, Zada G, Mack WJ, Attenello FJ. Increased time to surgery and worse perioperative outcome in benign brain tumor patients with COVID-19. J Clin Neurosci 2023; 117:20-26. [PMID: 37740998 PMCID: PMC10686786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2023.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic caused significant disruptions to healthcare systems around the world, due to both high resource utilization and concern for disease spread. Delays in non-emergent surgeries have also affected chronic disease management, including that of benign brain tumors such as meningiomas and pituitary adenomas. To evaluate the effect of COVID-19 infection on benign brain tumor resection rates and subsequent perioperative and inpatient outcomes, this study utilized the 2020 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) to investigate rates of surgical resection, time to surgery, and mortality among benign brain tumor patients with and without COVID-19. METHODS Patient data from April 2020 to December 2020 was extracted from the NIS. Confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis was identified using the ICD-10 diagnosis code U07.1. Patients with benign neoplasms of the cerebral meninges, cranial nerves, pituitary gland, craniopharyngeal duct, and brain were included in the study. Patient socio-demographics, hospital characteristics, and clinical comorbidities were obtained. Outcome variables included rates of surgical resection, time to surgery, in-hospital mortality, length of stay, and discharge disposition. RESULTS The study analysis consisted of 13,053 patients with benign intracranial neoplasms who met inclusion criteria; 597 (4.6%) patients were COVID-19 positive. Patients with COVID-19 were more likely to be older and male than COVID-19 negative patients. Patients with COVID-19 had increased overall likelihood of mortality (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.72-3.25, p < 0.0001). Even when controlling for sociodemographic/hospital factors and comorbidities, COVID-19 positive patients had a significantly longer time to surgery (8.7 days vs. 0.9 days, p < 0.0001) than COVID negative patients, and were associated with a decreased likelihood of undergoing surgery on index admission overall (OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.10-0.29, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS As expected, COVID-19 infection was associated with worse inpatient outcomes in effectively all measured categories, including longer time to surgery, decreased likelihood of receiving surgery on index admission, and increased likelihood of in-hospital mortality. These findings emphasize the effect that COVID-19 has on other aspects of patient care and highlight the importance of appropriate avenues of care for patients who are COVID-19 positive. Although the COVID-19 pandemic is no longer a public health emergency, understanding the pandemic's impact on outcome for these patients is essential in efficient triage and optimizing treatment for these patients in the future. Further study is needed to elucidate causal relationships on the outcomes of benign brain tumor patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristie Q Liu
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
| | - Jonathan Dallas
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Talia A Wenger
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Zasca Ristianto
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Li Ding
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2001 North Soto Street, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Frances Chow
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Gabriel Zada
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - William J Mack
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Frank J Attenello
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
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Virk S, Gangu K, Nasrullah A, Shah A, Faiz Z, Khan U, Jackson DB, Javed A, Farooq A, DiSilvio B, Cheema T, Sheikh AB. Impact of COVID-19 on Pregnancy Outcomes across Trimesters in the United States. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2886. [PMID: 38001887 PMCID: PMC10669814 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current knowledge regarding the association between trimester-specific changes during pregnancy and COVID-19 infection is limited. We utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database to investigate trimester-specific outcomes among hospitalized pregnant women diagnosed with COVID-19. RESULTS Out of 3,447,771 pregnant women identified, those with COVID-19 exhibited higher in-hospital mortality rates in their third trimester compared with those without the virus. Notably, rates of mechanical ventilation, acute kidney injury, renal replacement therapy, and perinatal complications (preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, and preterm birth) were significantly elevated across all trimesters for COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 was found to be more prevalent among low-income, Hispanic pregnant women. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that COVID-19 during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of maternal mortality and complications, particularly in the third trimester. Furthermore, we observed significant racial and socioeconomic disparities in both COVID-19 prevalence and pregnancy outcomes. These findings emphasize the need for equitable healthcare strategies to improve care for diverse and socioeconomically marginalized groups, ultimately aiming to reduce adverse COVID-19-associated maternal and fetal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiza Virk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (S.V.); (A.S.); (A.J.)
| | - Karthik Gangu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Adeel Nasrullah
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburg, PA 15212, USA; (A.N.); (B.D.); (T.C.)
| | - Aaisha Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (S.V.); (A.S.); (A.J.)
| | - Zohaa Faiz
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74000, Pakistan;
| | - Umair Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; (U.K.); (D.B.J.)
| | - David Bradley Jackson
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; (U.K.); (D.B.J.)
| | - Anam Javed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA; (S.V.); (A.S.); (A.J.)
| | - Asif Farooq
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA;
| | - Briana DiSilvio
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburg, PA 15212, USA; (A.N.); (B.D.); (T.C.)
| | - Tariq Cheema
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburg, PA 15212, USA; (A.N.); (B.D.); (T.C.)
| | - Abu Baker Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; (U.K.); (D.B.J.)
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Castaldi G, Bharadwaj AS, Bagur R, Van Spall HGC, Kobo O, Mamas MA. Prevalence and outcomes of type 2 myocardial infarction in patients with cancer: A retrospective analysis from the National Inpatient Sample dataset. Int J Cardiol 2023; 389:131154. [PMID: 37442352 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2023.131154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcomes of type 2 myocardial infarction (T2AMI) in patients with versus without cancer. METHODS All hospitalizations with a primary discharge diagnosis of T2AMI were stratified according to cancer status (secondary diagnosis of any-cancer vs cancer-free) using data from the US National Inpatient Sample (2016-2019). The primary outcome was in-hospital all-cause mortality while secondary outcomes were in-hospital major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). RESULTS Among 61,305 included hospitalizations with primary diagnosis of T2AMI, 3745 (6.1%) were associated with a diagnosis of cancer. Patients with T2AMI and cancer presented more frequently with acute respiratory failure (23.2% vs 18.1%), acute pulmonary embolism (3.7% v 1.3%), major bleeding (6.8% vs 4.1%) and renal failure (51.0% vs 46.8%), compared to patients without. On adjusted analysis, diagnosis of cancer was associated with lower odds of invasive coronary angiography (aOR 0.75, 95% CI 0.60 to 0.93, p = 0.009) but greater odds of mortality (aOR 1.95, 95% C.I. 1.26-2.99 p = 0.002). Among the different types of cancer, adjusted risk of all-cause mortality was higher in patients with colorectal (aOR 4.17 95% CI 1.68-10.32, p = 0.002), lung (aOR 3.63, 95% CI 1.83-7.18, p < 0.001) and haematologic (aOR 2.48, 95% CI 1.22-5.05, p = 0.001) cancer. CONCLUSIONS Patients with cancer presenting with T2AMI have lower odds of management with invasive diagnostic coronary angiography and have higher rates of in-hospital all-cause death. Further studies are warranted to improve overall care and outcomes of cancer patients and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rodrigo Bagur
- London Health Sciences Centre, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Harriette G C Van Spall
- Department of Medicine and Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada; Research Institute of St. Joseph's, Hamilton, Canada; Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Ofer Kobo
- Department of Cardiology, Hillel Yaffe Medical Center, Hadera, Israel
| | - Mamas A Mamas
- Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK.
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Chunawala ZS, Chew C, Hendrickson M, Arora S, Tafur A, Mishkel G, Ricciardi MJ, Zelniker TA, Moussa ID, Hassan A, Golzar J, Gueyikian S, Bechara CF, Lee CJ, Qamar A. Temporal trends and outcomes of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia with and without history of coronary artery disease: insights from the us national inpatient sample database. J Invasive Cardiol 2023; 35. [PMID: 37984325 DOI: 10.25270/jic/23.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The burden and prognostic significance of coronary artery disease (CAD) in adults with peripheral artery disease and chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI) is unknown. METHODS Temporal trends in prevalence of significant CAD (history of myocardial infarction or coronary revascularizations) in hospitalizations for CLTI were determined using the 2000 to 2018 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. A multivariable regression analysis of outcomes was performed based on presence or absence of CAD. RESULTS Among 13 575 099 hospitalizations for CLTI (41% female, 69% white, mean age 69 years), 23% had concomitant CAD, of which 11% underwent lower extremity arterial revascularization (43.6% endovascular and 56.4% surgical). The prevalence of concomitant CAD with CLTI increased from 15.3% in 2000 to 23.1% in 2018. Furthermore, the frequency of endovascular revascularization in adults with CAD and CLTI increased from 15.1% to 48.3%, while there was a decreasing trend of surgical revascularization, from 84.9% to 51.7%. After multivariate adjustments, CLTI with CAD was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality (OR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.32-1.47; P less than .0001) and bleeding requiring transfusion (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.06-1.12; P less than .0001) compared with patients with CLTI without CAD. As compared with surgical revascularization, endovascular revascularization was associated with lower risk of in-hospital mortality in both patients with CLTI with CAD (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.63-0.76; P less than .001) and CLTI without CAD (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.67-0.76; P less than .001). CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of CAD has increased in adults presenting with CLTI and is associated with poor outcomes, warranting the need for effective interventions and secondary prevention in this high-risk population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainali S Chunawala
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christopher Chew
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Hendrickson
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sameer Arora
- Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Wellstar Cardiovascular Medicine, Marietta, GA, USA
| | - Alfonso Tafur
- Section of Interventional Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Division of Cardiology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Gregory Mishkel
- Section of Interventional Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Division of Cardiology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Mark J Ricciardi
- Section of Interventional Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Division of Cardiology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Thomas A Zelniker
- Division of Medicine II, Division of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Issam D Moussa
- Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Atif Hassan
- Section of Interventional Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Division of Cardiology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Jaafer Golzar
- Division of Cardiology, Advocate Christ Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sebouh Gueyikian
- Division of Interventional Radiology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Carlos F Bechara
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA
| | - Cheong Jun Lee
- Department of Vascular Surgery, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Arman Qamar
- Section of Interventional Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Division of Cardiology, NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA.
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Sarica C, Conner CR, Yamamoto K, Yang A, Germann J, Lannon MM, Samuel N, Colditz M, Santyr B, Chow CT, Iorio-Morin C, Aguirre-Padilla DH, Lang ST, Vetkas A, Cheyuo C, Loh A, Darmani G, Flouty O, Milano V, Paff M, Hodaie M, Kalia SK, Munhoz RP, Fasano A, Lozano AM. Trends and disparities in deep brain stimulation utilization in the United States: a Nationwide Inpatient Sample analysis from 1993 to 2017. Lancet Reg Health Am 2023; 26:100599. [PMID: 37876670 PMCID: PMC10593574 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2023.100599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Background Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an approved treatment option for Parkinson's Disease (PD), essential tremor (ET), dystonia, obsessive-compulsive disorder and epilepsy in the United States. There are disparities in access to DBS, and clear understanding of the contextual factors driving them is important. Previous studies aimed at understanding these factors have been limited by single indications or small cohort sizes. The aim of this study is to provide an updated and comprehensive analysis of DBS utilization for multiple indications to better understand the factors driving disparities in access. Methods The United States based National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was utilized to analyze the surgical volume and trends of procedures based on indication, using relevant ICD codes. Predictors of DBS use were analyzed using a logistic regression model. DBS-implanted patients in each indication were compared based on the patient-, hospital-, and outcome-related variables. Findings Our analysis of 104,356 DBS discharges from 1993 to 2017 revealed that the most frequent indications for DBS were PD (67%), ET (24%), and dystonia (4%). Although the number of DBS procedures has consistently increased over the years, radiofrequency ablation utilization has significantly decreased to only a few patients per year since 2003. Negative predictors for DBS utilization in PD and ET cohorts included age increase and female sex, while African American status was a negative predictor across all cohorts. Significant differences in patient-, hospital-, and outcome-related variables between DBS indications were also determined. Interpretation Demographic and socioeconomic-based disparities in DBS use are evident. Although racial disparities are present across all indications, other disparities such as age, sex, wealth, and insurance status are only relevant in certain indications. Funding This work was supported by Alan & Susan Hudson Cornerstone Chair in Neurosurgery at University Health Network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Sarica
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher R. Conner
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kazuaki Yamamoto
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Yang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Jürgen Germann
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melissa M. Lannon
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nardin Samuel
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Colditz
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Brendan Santyr
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Clement T. Chow
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christian Iorio-Morin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - David H. Aguirre-Padilla
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical School, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Stefan Thomas Lang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Artur Vetkas
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tartu University Hospital, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Cletus Cheyuo
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aaron Loh
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ghazaleh Darmani
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Oliver Flouty
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Vanessa Milano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Michelle Paff
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, United States
| | - Mojgan Hodaie
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- CRANIA Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Suneil K. Kalia
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- CRANIA Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
- KITE, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Renato P. Munhoz
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alfonso Fasano
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- CRANIA Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
- KITE, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Neurology, Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson's Disease Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andres M. Lozano
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- CRANIA Center for Advancing Neurotechnological Innovation to Application, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
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Senthil Kumaran S, Del Cid Fratti J, Desai A, Garg R, Requeña‐Armas C, Barzallo P, Henien M, Ahmad M, Mungee S, Mukhopadhyay E, Kizhakekuttu T. Racial disparities in women with ST elevation myocardial infarction: A National Inpatient Sample review of baseline characteristics, co-morbidities, and outcomes in women with STEMI. Clin Cardiol 2023; 46:1285-1295. [PMID: 37443449 PMCID: PMC10577545 DOI: 10.1002/clc.24068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A third of the patients admitted with Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Previous studies showed that females with STEMI have higher mortality than men. HYPOTHESIS There exist significant disparities in outcomes among women of different races presenting with STEMI. METHODS National inpatient sample (NIS) data was obtained from January 2016 to December 2018 for the hospitalization of female patients with STEMI. We compared outcomes, using an extensive multivariate regression analysis amongst women from different races. Our primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were revascularization use, procedure complications, and healthcare utilization. RESULTS Of 202 223 female patients with STEMI; 11.3% were African American, 7.4% Hispanic, 2.4% Asian, and 4.3% another race. In-hospital mortality was higher in non-Caucasian groups. African American (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.07-1.30; p < .01) and another race (aOR 1.37; 95% CI: 1.15-1.63; p < .01) had higher odds of mortality when compared with white women. African American (aOR 0.69; 95% CI: 0.62-0.72; p < .01), Hispanics (aOR 0.81; 95% CI: 0.74-0.88; p < .01), and Asian (aOR 0.79; 95% CI: 0.69-0.90; p < .01) had lower odds of percutaneous intervention (PCI) when compared with whites. African Americans had fewer odds of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) and use of Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS) during the index admission. Non-Caucasians had more comorbidities, complications, and healthcare utilization costs. CONCLUSION There are significant racial disparities in clinical outcomes and revascularization in female patients with STEMI. African American women have a higher likelihood of mortality among the different races. Females from minority groups are also less likely to undergo PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan Del Cid Fratti
- Department of Cardiology, OSF HealthcareUniversity of Illinois at PeoriaPeoriaIllinoisUSA
| | - Anjali Desai
- Department of CardiologyUTHSC College of Medicine ChattanoogaChattanoogaTennesseeUSA
| | - Rimmy Garg
- Department of Cardiology, OSF HealthcareUniversity of Illinois at PeoriaPeoriaIllinoisUSA
| | - Carlos Requeña‐Armas
- Department of Cardiology, OSF HealthcareUniversity of Illinois at PeoriaPeoriaIllinoisUSA
| | - Pablo Barzallo
- Department of Cardiology, OSF HealthcareUniversity of Illinois at PeoriaPeoriaIllinoisUSA
| | - Mena Henien
- Department of Cardiology, OSF HealthcareUniversity of Illinois at PeoriaPeoriaIllinoisUSA
| | - Mansoor Ahmad
- Department of Cardiology, OSF HealthcareUniversity of Illinois at PeoriaPeoriaIllinoisUSA
| | - Sudhir Mungee
- Department of Cardiology, OSF HealthcareUniversity of Illinois at PeoriaPeoriaIllinoisUSA
| | - Ekanka Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Cardiology, OSF HealthcareUniversity of Illinois at PeoriaPeoriaIllinoisUSA
| | - Tinoy Kizhakekuttu
- Department of Cardiology, OSF HealthcareUniversity of Illinois at PeoriaPeoriaIllinoisUSA
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Wu LC, Hsieh YY, Chen IC, Chiang CJ. Life-threatening perioperative complications among older adults with spinal metastases: An analysis based on a nationwide inpatient sample of the US. J Geriatr Oncol 2023; 14:101597. [PMID: 37542948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2023.101597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to investigate the prognostic determinants of life-threatening and fatal complications in patients <80 and ≥ 20 years of age and those ≥80 years who were undergoing surgery for spinal metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Based on data between 2005 and 2018 extracted from National Inpatient Sample as the largest longitudinal hospital inpatient databases in the United States, statistical analyses were performed to identify prognostic factors (age, sex, household income, insurance status, major comorbidities, primary site of malignancy, types of surgery, surgical approaches, types of hospital admission, and hospital-related characteristics) for major and fatal perioperative complications among older adult patients. RESULTS A total of 31,925 patients aged ≥ 20y who were undergoing surgery for spinal metastasis were identified (< 80 y: n = 28,448; ≥ 80 y: n = 35,37). After adjustment, age ≥80 y was significantly associated with greater risk of perioperative cardiac arrest (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.73) and acute kidney injury (AKI) (aOR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.07-1.41) but lower risk of venous thromboembolic event (VTE) (aOR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.66-0.96) than <80y. Factors predicting life-threatening complications among patients ≥ 80y were: male sex (<80 y: aOR = 1.14; ≥ 80 y: aOR = 1.35), higher score on Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) (80 y, aOR = 1.21-2.67; ≥ 80 y: aOR = 1.25-2.55), open surgery (<80 y: aOR = 1.24; ≥ 80 y: aOR = 1.35), and greater Metastatic Spinal Tumor Frailty Index (MSTFI) (<80 y: aOR = 2.48-10.03; ≥ 80 y: aOR = 2.69-11.21). Among patients <80y, factors predicting life-threatening complications were: male sex, Black race, greater CCI score, primary tumor at kidney, hematologic cancer, other/unspecified primary site, certain surgical procedures, open surgery, greater MSTFI, emergent admission, and low hospital volume. DISCUSSION This study identifies a list of independent risk factors for the presence of life-threatening complications among patients <80 and ≥ 80y who were undergoing surgery for spinal metastasis. The findings contribute to the development of clinical strategies for the surgical management of spinal metastasis, especially for octogenarians, and lower the risk of unfavorable inpatient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien-Chen Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - IChun Chen
- Hospice and Home care of Snohomish County, Providence Health & services, Washington 98203, USA
| | - Chang-Jung Chiang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan; Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan.
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Khalid N, Ahmad SA. Editorial: Coronary artery aneurysms in chronic coronary syndromes. Cardiovasc Revasc Med 2023; 54:14-15. [PMID: 37150641 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2023.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nauman Khalid
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, St. Francis Medical Center, Monroe, LA, United States of America.
| | - Sarah Aftab Ahmad
- Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St. Francis Medical Center, Monroe, LA, United States of America
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22
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Chavarin DJ, Bobba A, Davis MG, Roth MA, Kasdorf M, Nasrullah A, Chourasia P, Gangu K, Avula SR, Sheikh AB. Comparative Analysis of Clinical Outcomes for COVID-19 and Influenza among Cardiac Transplant Recipients in the United States. Viruses 2023; 15:1700. [PMID: 37632042 PMCID: PMC10458639 DOI: 10.3390/v15081700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 infections can lead to worse outcomes in an immunocompromised population with multiple comorbidities, e.g., heart transplant patients. We used the National Inpatient Sample database to compare heart transplant outcomes in patients with COVID-19 vs. influenza. A total of 2460 patients were included in this study: heart transplant with COVID-19 (n = 1155, 47.0%) and heart transplant with influenza (n = 1305, 53.0%) with the primary outcome of in-hospital mortality. In-hospital mortality (n = 120) was significantly higher for heart transplant patients infected with COVID-19 compared to those infected with influenza (9.5% vs. 0.8%, adjusted OR: 51.6 [95% CI 4.3-615.9], p = 0.002) along with significantly higher rates of mechanical ventilation, acute heart failure, ventricular arrhythmias, and higher mean total hospitalization cost compared to the influenza group. More studies are needed on the role of vaccination and treatment to improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. Chavarin
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Aniesh Bobba
- Department of Medicine, John H Stronger Hospital, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Monique G. Davis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Margaret A. Roth
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | | | - Adeel Nasrullah
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA
| | - Prabal Chourasia
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Mary Washington Hospital, Fredericksburg, VA 22401, USA
| | - Karthik Gangu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA;
| | - Sindhu Reddy Avula
- Department of Interventional Cardiology, Division of Cardiology, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS 66606, USA;
| | - Abu Baker Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
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23
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Deda X, Elfert K, Gandhi M, Malik A, Elromisy E, Guevara N, Nayudu S, Bechtold M. Clostridioides difficile Infection in COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients: A Nationwide Analysis. Gastroenterology Res 2023; 16:234-239. [PMID: 37691754 PMCID: PMC10482604 DOI: 10.14740/gr1639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a significant healthcare-associated infection with implications for patient morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. However, the connection between CDI and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and its influence on patient outcomes remain uncertain. This study aimed to examine the association between CDI and COVID-19, specifically investigating whether CDI worsens outcomes in patients with COVID-19. By utilizing the extensive National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database and analyzing pertinent factors, this research endeavored to enhance our understanding of CDI within the context of COVID-19. Methods The NIS database was searched for adult patients hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of COVID-19 infection in 2020. Patients with a secondary diagnosis of CDI were identified and separated into two groups based on CDI status. Baseline characteristics, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and outcomes were compared between the two groups using Chi-square and t-tests. Multivariate logistic and linear regressions were performed for the identification of independent predictors of CDI and mortality. Results A total of 1,045,125 COVID-19 hospitalizations were included, of which 4,920 had a secondary diagnosis of CDI. Patients with CDI and COVID-19 were older (mean age 69.9 vs. 64.2 years; P < 0.001), more likely to be female (54.1% vs. 47.1%; P < 0.001) and white (60% vs. 52.4%; P < 0.001). The CDI and COVID-19 group had a longer length of stay (14.1 vs. 7.42 days; P < 0.001), higher total hospital costs ($42,336 vs. $18,974; P < 0.001), and higher inpatient mortality (21.6% vs. 11%; P < 0.001) compared to the COVID-19 group without CDI. Patients in the CDI and COVID-19 group had a higher CCI score (51.7% with a score of 3 or more vs. 27.7%; P < 0.001), indicating a higher comorbidity burden. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed CDI was independently associated with increased mortality (odds ratio (OR) 1.37; P = 0.001) and showed that the female gender and several pre-existing comorbidities were associated with a higher likelihood of CDI. Conclusion CDI is independently associated with increased mortality in patients admitted with COVID-19 infection. Female gender and several pre-existing comorbidities are independent predictors of CDI in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xheni Deda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Khaled Elfert
- Department of Medicine, SBH Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mustafa Gandhi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | - Esraa Elromisy
- Department of Medicine, Tanta University Faculty of Medicine, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Suresh Nayudu
- Department of Medicine, SBH Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Bechtold
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
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Abdelhay A, Mahmoud AA, Al Ali O, Hashem A, Orakzai A, Jamshed S. Epidemiology, characteristics, and outcomes of adult haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in the USA, 2006-19: a national, retrospective cohort study. EClinicalMedicine 2023; 62:102143. [PMID: 37599909 PMCID: PMC10432999 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.102143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare and life-threatening syndrome characterized by an excessive inflammatory response. Limited data exist on adult HLH. Methods In this national, retrospective cohort study, we analysed data from the US National Inpatient Sample database collected between October 1, 2006 and December 31, 2019. Using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes, we identified all adult patients who were admitted non-electively with the diagnosis of HLH. We described demographic characteristics, triggers, and associated conditions. Trends of diagnosis, treatment, and in-hospital mortality were analysed using joinpoint models. In-hospital mortality rates were compared using multivariable logistic regression models that adjusted for demographic characteristics and associated conditions. Finally, we described resource utilization outcomes including cost of hospitalization and length of stay. Findings We identified 16,136 non-elective adult HLH admissions. The population pyramid showed a bimodal distribution, with peaks in young adults (16-30 years) and older adults (56-70 years). Joinpoint regression analysis revealed a significant increase in HLH incidence per 100,000 admissions over the study period (Average Annual Percent Change [APC] = 25.3%, p < 0.0001), and no significant change in rates of in-hospital mortality (slope = -0.01; p = 0.95) or administration of in-hospital HLH treatment (slope = 0.46, p = 0.20). The most common associated conditions were malignancy (4953 admissions [30.7%]), infections (3913 admissions [24.3%]), autoimmune conditions (3362 admissions [20.8%]), organ transplant status (639 admissions [4%]), and congenital immunodeficiency syndromes (399 admissions [2.5%]). In-hospital mortality was higher in older adults and males. Furthermore, Congenital immunodeficiency syndromes had the worst in-hospital mortality rate (mortality rate 31.1%, adjusted OR 2.36 [1.56-3.59]), followed by malignancies (mortality rate 28.4%, adjusted OR 1.80 [1.46-2.22]), infections (mortality rate 21.4%, adjusted OR 1.33 [1.10-1.62]), other/no trigger (mortality rate 13.6%, adjusted OR 0.73 [0.58-0.92]), autoimmune (mortality rate 13%, adjusted OR 0.72 [0.57-0.92]), and post-organ transplant status (mortality rate 14.1%, adjusted OR 0.64 [0.43-0.97]). The overall mean length of stay was 14.3 ± 13.9 days, and the mean cost of hospitalization was $54,900 ± 59,800. Interpretation We provide insight into the burden of adult HLH in the USA. The incidence has been increasing and the outcomes remain dismal. This signifies the growing need for the development of updated diagnosis and treatment protocols that are specific to adult HLH. Funding None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abdelhay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Amir A. Mahmoud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Omar Al Ali
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Anas Hashem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Abdullah Orakzai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Saad Jamshed
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, NY, USA
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25
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Patel S, Yang K, Nambudiri VE. Exploring sex differences in generalized pustular psoriasis hospitalizations. Exp Dermatol 2023; 32:1312-1313. [PMID: 36617626 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shrey Patel
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kevin Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vinod E Nambudiri
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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26
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Patel P, Inayat F, Ali H, Afzal A, Taj S, Rehman AU, Hussain N, Ishtiaq R, Nawaz G, Afzal MS, Fatakhova K, Satapathy SK. Association of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease with acute cholangitis: a nationwide propensity-matched analysis from the United States. Proc AMIA Symp 2023; 36:600-607. [PMID: 37614865 PMCID: PMC10443993 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2023.2231721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has previously been linked to several disease states with an impact on patient outcomes. However, clinical evidence on the association between NAFLD and acute cholangitis (AC) remains scarce. We aimed to evaluate the potential association between NAFLD and AC. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the US National Inpatient Sample database from 2016 to 2019 to analyze primary AC hospitalizations with NAFLD compared to non-NAFLD in a 1:1 propensity-matched population. Results A total of 1550 AC patients with NAFLD were matched to 1550 AC patients without NAFLD. NAFLD had a higher association with AC when compared to patients without NAFLD, with an odds ratio of 2.33 (95% CI [1.81-3.0], P < 0.001). The length of stay was higher in NAFLD than in non-NAFLD (4 vs 3 days, P < 0.001). The median inpatient charges in NAFLD were also higher than in the non-NAFLD cohort ($36,182 vs $35,244, P < 0.001). Inpatient mortality was higher in NAFLD compared to non-NAFLD (1.6% vs 0%, P < 0.001). There was an increased prevalence of portal vein thrombosis (3.2% vs 0%), acute kidney injury (24.2% vs 17.7%), sepsis (3.2% vs 1.6%), mechanical ventilation (3.2% vs 0%), and percutaneous cholecystostomy tube insertion (3.2% vs 1.6%) in NAFLD compared to non-NAFLD (P < 0.05). NAFLD also had a higher association with acute cholecystitis, with an odds ratio of 3.70 (95% CI [3.19-4.29], P < 0.001). Conclusions This study showed an association between NALFD and AC, resulting in increased length of stay, hospital charges, and inpatient mortality. Underlying NAFLD also increases acute complications of AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Patel
- Mather Hospital and Hofstra University Zucker School of Medicine, Port Jefferson, New York, USA
| | - Faisal Inayat
- Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hassam Ali
- East Carolina University Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Arslan Afzal
- Woodhull Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Sobaan Taj
- Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, New Jersey, USA
| | | | | | - Rizwan Ishtiaq
- Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gul Nawaz
- Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Karina Fatakhova
- Mather Hospital and Hofstra University Zucker School of Medicine, Port Jefferson, New York, USA
| | - Sanjaya K. Satapathy
- North Shore University Hospital and Hofstra University Zucker School of Medicine, Manhasset, New York, USA
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Faiz Z, Quazi MA, Vahil N, Barrows CM, Ikram HA, Nasrullah A, Farooq A, Gangu K, Sheikh AB. COVID-19 and HIV: Clinical Outcomes among Hospitalized Patients in the United States. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1904. [PMID: 37509543 PMCID: PMC10377261 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11071904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The concurrence of HIV and COVID-19 yields unique challenges and considerations for healthcare providers, patients living with HIV, and healthcare systems at-large. Persons living with HIV may face a higher risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection and experiencing worse clinical outcomes compared to those without. Notably, COVID-19 may have a disproportionate impact on historically disadvantaged populations, including African Americans and those stratified in a lower socio-economic status. Using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database, we compared patients with a diagnosis of both HIV and COVID-19 and those who exclusively had a diagnosis of COVID-19. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were intubation rate and vasopressor use; acute MI, acute kidney injury (AKI); AKI requiring hemodialysis (HD); venous thromboembolism (VTE); septic shock and cardiac arrest; length of stay; financial burden on healthcare; and resource utilization. A total of 1,572,815 patients were included in this study; a COVID-19-positive sample that did not have HIV (n = 1,564,875, 99.4%) and another sample with HIV and COVID-19 (n = 7940, 0.56%). Patients with COVID-19 and HIV did not have a significant difference in mortality compared to COVID-19 alone (10.2% vs. 11.3%, respectively, p = 0.35); however, that patient cohort did have a significantly higher rate of AKI (33.6% vs. 28.6%, aOR: 1.26 [95% CI 1.13-1.41], p < 0.001). Given the complex interplay between HIV and COVID-19, more prospective studies investigating the factors such as the contribution of viral burden, CD4 cell count, and the details of patients' anti-retroviral therapeutic regimens should be pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohaa Faiz
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74000, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed A Quazi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Neel Vahil
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Charles M Barrows
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Hafiz Abdullah Ikram
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Adeel Nasrullah
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburg, PA 15212, USA
| | - Asif Farooq
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Texas Tech Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Karthik Gangu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Abu Baker Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
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Abdelhay A, Mahmoud AA, Ammari O, Dalbah R, Reghis M, Hashem A, Alkasem M, Mostafa M. Outcomes of therapeutic plasma exchange in severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia hospitalizations: An analysis of the National Inpatient Sample. Transfusion 2023. [PMID: 37395043 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is characterized by humoral and/or cellular immune-mediated hemolysis of red blood cells. The role of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) in AIHA is unclear. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We queried the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) for 2002-2019 to identify hospitalizations with the primary diagnosis of AIHA. We included hospitalizations with the highest severity subclass identified by All Patient Refined Disease Related Group (APR-DRG). We used multivariate regression analysis to compare in-hospital mortality and other relevant in-hospital outcomes between hospitalizations that received TPE and those that did not. RESULTS We identified 255 weighted hospitalizations in the TPE group and 4973 in the control group. Those in the control group were older (median age 67 vs. 48 years, p < .001) and had a higher prevalence of most comorbidities. The TPE group had higher odds of all-cause in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-2.11). They also had higher rates of many secondary outcomes, including requiring mechanical ventilation, developing circulatory shock, acute stroke, urinary tract infections, intracranial hemorrhage, acute kidney injury, and requiring new hemodialysis. No significant differences were noted in the rates of acute myocardial infarctions, bacterial pneumonia, sepsis/septicemia, thromboembolic events, and other bleeding events. Furthermore, the TPE group had a higher median length of hospital stay (19 vs. 9 days, p < .001). CONCLUSION Hospitalizations with severe AIHA that received TPE had higher rates of adverse in-hospital outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Abdelhay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Amir A Mahmoud
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Omar Ammari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Rami Dalbah
- Department of Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mouna Reghis
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Anas Hashem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Mouaz Alkasem
- School of Medicine, University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mariam Mostafa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, Rochester, New York, USA
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Zhang J, Li X, Tian R, Zong M, Gu X, Xu F, Chen Y, Li C. Outcomes of Cerebral Embolic Protection for Bicuspid Aortic Valve Stenosis Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement. J Am Heart Assoc 2023:e028890. [PMID: 37301750 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.028890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background There was limited high-quality evidence that illuminated the efficiency of cerebral embolic protection (CEP) use during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) stenosis. Methods and Results In this retrospective cohort study, patients with BAV stenosis undergoing TAVR with or without CEP were identified by querying the National Inpatient Sample database. The primary end point was any stroke during the hospitalization. The composite safety end point included any in-hospital death and stroke. We applied propensity score-matched analysis to minimize standardized mean differences of baseline variables and compare in-hospital outcomes. From July 2017 to December 2020, 4610 weighted hospitalizations with BAV stenosis undergoing TAVR were identified, of which 795 were treated with CEP. There was a significant increase in the CEP use rate for BAV stenosis (P-trend <0.001). A total of 795 discharges with CEP use were propensity score matched to 1590 comparable discharges but without CEP. CEP use was associated with a lower incidence of in-hospital stroke (1.3% versus 3.8%; P<0.001), which in multivariable regression was also independently associated with the primary outcome (adjusted odds ratio=0.38 [95% CI, 0.18-0.71]; P=0.005) and the safety end point (adjusted odds ratio=0.41 [95% CI, 0.22-0.68] P=0.001). Meanwhile, no significant difference was found in the cost of hospitalization ($46 629 versus $45 147; P=0.18) or the risk of vascular complications (1.9% versus 2.5%; P=0.41). Conclusions This observational study supported CEP use for BAV stenosis, which was independently associated with less in-hospital stroke without burdening the patients with a high hospitalization cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
| | - Xiaoxing Li
- Department of Geriatrics Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
| | - Rui Tian
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
| | - Mengzhi Zong
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
| | - Xinghua Gu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
| | - Chuanbao Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Jinan Shandong China
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Sohal A, Chaudhry H, Kohli I, Arora K, Patel J, Dhillon N, Singh I, Dukovic D, Roytman M. Frailty as a risk-stratification tool in patients undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls 2023; 8:83-93. [PMID: 37275658 PMCID: PMC10233326 DOI: 10.22540/jfsf-08-083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The concept of frailty has gained importance, especially in patients with liver disease. Our study systematically investigated the effect of frailty on post-procedural outcomes in patients undergoing transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS). Methods We used National Inpatient Sample(NIS) 2016-2019 data to identify patients who underwent TIPS. Hospital frailty risk score (HFRS) was used to classify patients as frail (HFRS>=5) and non-frail (HFRS<5). The relationship between frailty and outcomes such as death, post-procedural shock, non-home discharge, length of stay (LOS), post-procedural LOS, and total hospitalization charges (THC) was assessed. Results A total of 13,700 patients underwent TIPS during 2016-2019. Of them, 5,995 (43.76%) patients were frail, while 7,705 (56.24%) were non-frail. There were no significant differences between the two groups based on age, gender, race, insurance, and income. Frail patients had higher mortality (15.18% vs. 2.07%, p<0.001), a higher incidence of non-home discharge (53.38% vs. 19.08%, p<0.001), a longer overall LOS (12.5 days vs. 3.35,p<0.001), longer post-procedural stay (8.2 days vs. 3.4 days, p<0.001), and higher THC ($240,746.7 vs. $121,763.1, p<0.001) compared to the non-frail patients. On multivariate analysis, frail patients had a statistically significant higher risk of mortality (aOR-3.22, 95% CI-1.98- 5.00, p<0.001). Conclusion Frailty assessment can be beneficial in risk stratification in patients undergoing TIPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aalam Sohal
- Department of Hepatology, Liver Institute Northwest, Seattle, USA
| | - Hunza Chaudhry
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Fresno, USA
| | - Isha Kohli
- Department of Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, USA
| | - Kirti Arora
- Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, India
| | - Jay Patel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Orange Park Medical Center, Orange Park, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Dino Dukovic
- Ross University School of Medicine, Barbados, USA
| | - Marina Roytman
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, San Francisco, Fresno, USA
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Gangu K, Basida S, Awan RU, Butt MA, Reed A, Afzal R, Shekhar R, Chela HK, Daglilar ES, Sheikh AB. July effect in clinical outcomes of esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed at teaching hospitals in the United States. Proc AMIA Symp 2023; 36:478-482. [PMID: 37334097 PMCID: PMC10269412 DOI: 10.1080/08998280.2023.2204804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a common procedure used for both diagnosis and treatment, but carries risks such as bleeding and perforation. The "July effect"-described as increased complication rates during the transition of new trainees-has been studied in other procedures, but has not been thoroughly evaluated for EGD. Methods We used the National Inpatient Sample database for 2016 to 2018 to compare outcomes in EGD performed between July to September and April to June. Results Approximately 0.91 million patients in the study received EGD between July to September (49.35%) and April to June (50.65%), with no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, gender, race, income, or insurance status. Of the 911,235 patients, 19,280 died during the study period following EGD, 2.14% (July-September) vs 1.95% (April-June), with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.09 (P < 0.01). The adjusted total hospitalization charge was $2052 higher in July-September ($81,597) vs April to June ($79,023) (P < 0.005). The mean length of stay was 6.8 days (July-September) vs 6.6 days (April-June) (P < 0.001). Conclusions The results of this study are reassuring as the July effect on inpatient outcomes for EGDs was not significantly different according to our study. We recommend seeking prompt treatment and improving new trainee training and interspecialty communication for better patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Gangu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Sanket Basida
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri System, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Rehmat Ullah Awan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Rush Medical Center, Meridian, Mississippi
| | - Mohammad Ali Butt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny General Hospital – Western Pennsylvania Hospital Medical Education Consortium, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Austin Reed
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri System, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Rao Afzal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Health System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rahul Shekhar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Harleen Kaur Chela
- Department of Internal Medicine, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center Charleston Division, Charleston, West Virginia
| | - Ebubekir S. Daglilar
- Department of Internal Medicine, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center Charleston Division, Charleston, West Virginia
| | - Abu Baker Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico
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Bydon M, Sardar ZM, Michalopoulos GD, El Sammak S, Chan AK, Carreon LY, Norheim E, Park P, Ratliff JK, Tumialán L, Pugely AJ, Steinmetz MP, Hsu W, Knightly JJ, Ziegenhorn DM, Donnelly PC, Mullen KJ, Rykowsky S, De A, Potts EA, Coric D, Wang MY, Qureshi S, Sethi RK, Fu KM, Patel AA, Yoon ST, Brodke D, Stroink AR, Bisson EF, Haid RW, Asher AL, Burton D, Mummaneni PV, Glassman SD. Representativeness of the American Spine Registry: a comparison of patient characteristics with the National Inpatient Sample. J Neurosurg Spine 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37148235 DOI: 10.3171/2023.3.spine221264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The American Spine Registry (ASR) is a collaborative effort between the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and the American Association of Neurological Surgeons. The goal of this study was to evaluate how representative the ASR is of the national practice with spinal procedures, as recorded in the National Inpatient Sample (NIS). METHODS The authors queried the NIS and the ASR for cervical and lumbar arthrodesis cases performed during 2017-2019. International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision and Current Procedural Terminology codes were used to identify patients undergoing cervical and lumbar procedures. The two groups were compared for the overall proportion of cervical and lumbar procedures, age distribution, sex, surgical approach features, race, and hospital volume. Outcomes available in the ASR, such as patient-reported outcomes and reoperations, were not analyzed due to nonavailability in the NIS. The representativeness of the ASR compared to the NIS was assessed via Cohen's d effect sizes, and absolute standardized mean differences (SMDs) of < 0.2 were considered trivial, whereas > 0.5 were considered moderately large. RESULTS A total of 24,800 arthrodesis procedures were identified in the ASR for the period between January 1, 2017, and December 31, 2019. During the same time period, 1,305,360 cases were recorded in the NIS. Cervical fusions comprised 35.9% of the ASR cohort (8911 cases) and 36.0% of the NIS cohort (469,287 cases). The two databases presented trivial differences in terms of patient age and sex for all years of interest across both cervical and lumbar arthrodeses (SMD < 0.2). Trivial differences were also noted in the distribution of open versus percutaneous procedures of the cervical and lumbar spine (SMD < 0.2). Among lumbar cases, anterior approaches were more common in the ASR than in the NIS (32.1% vs 22.3%, SMD = 0.22), but the discrepancy among cervical cases in the two databases was trivial (SMD = 0.03). Small differences were illustrated in terms of race, with SMDs < 0.5, and a more significant discrepancy was identified in the geographic distribution of participating sites (SMDs of 0.7 and 0.74 for cervical and lumbar cases, respectively). For both of these measures, SMDs in 2019 were smaller than those in 2018 and 2017. CONCLUSIONS The ASR and NIS databases presented a very high similarity in proportions of cervical and lumbar spine surgeries, as well as similar distributions of age and sex, and distribution of open versus endoscopic approach. Slight discrepancies in anterior versus posterior approach among lumbar cases and patient race, and more significant discrepancies in geographic representation were also identified, yet decreasing trends in differences suggested the improving representativeness of the ASR over the course of time and its progressive growth. These conclusions are important to underline the external validity of quality investigations and research conclusions to be drawn from analyses in which the ASR is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Bydon
- 1Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Giorgos D Michalopoulos
- 1Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sally El Sammak
- 1Mayo Clinic Neuro-Informatics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- 2Department of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Andrew K Chan
- 4Neurological Surgery, Columbia University, The Och Spine Hospital at NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, New York
| | | | | | - Paul Park
- 7Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - John K Ratliff
- 8Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Luis Tumialán
- 9Department of Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Andrew J Pugely
- 10Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Michael P Steinmetz
- 11Department of Neurological Surgery, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Wellington Hsu
- 12Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - John J Knightly
- 13Atlantic Neurosurgical Specialists, Morristown, New Jersey
| | | | | | - Kyle J Mullen
- 14American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Rosemont, Illinois
| | | | - Ayushmita De
- 14American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Rosemont, Illinois
| | - Eric A Potts
- 16Goodman Campbell Brain and Spine, St. Vincent Health, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Domagoj Coric
- 17Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Michael Y Wang
- 18Department of Neurosurgery, University of Miami, Florida
| | - Sheeraz Qureshi
- 19Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York
| | - Rajiv K Sethi
- 20Neuroscience Institute, Virginia Mason Hospital, Seattle, Washington
| | - Kai-Ming Fu
- 21Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Alpesh A Patel
- 22Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - S Tim Yoon
- 23Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Darrel Brodke
- 22Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Ann R Stroink
- 24Central Illinois Neuro Health Science, Bloomington, Illinois
| | - Erica F Bisson
- 25Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Regis W Haid
- 26Atlanta Brain and Spine Care, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Anthony L Asher
- 17Neuroscience Institute, Carolina Neurosurgery & Spine Associates, Carolinas Healthcare System, Charlotte, North Carolina
| | - Doug Burton
- 27Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; and
| | - Praveen V Mummaneni
- 28Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, California
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Virk S, Quazi MA, Nasrullah A, Shah A, Kudron E, Chourasia P, Javed A, Jain P, Gangu K, Cheema T, DiSilvio B, Sheikh AB. Comparing Clinical Outcomes of COVID-19 and Influenza-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Propensity-Matched Analysis. Viruses 2023; 15:v15040922. [PMID: 37112902 PMCID: PMC10144713 DOI: 10.3390/v15040922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is one the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in patients with COVID-19 and Influenza, with only small number of studies comparing these two viral illnesses in the setting of ARDS. Given the pathogenic differences in the two viruses, this study shows trends in national hospitalization and outcomes associated with COVID-19- and Influenza-related ARDS. To evaluate and compare the risk factors and rates of the adverse clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 associated ARDS (C-ARDS) relative to Influenza-related ARDS (I-ARDS), we utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database 2020. Our sample includes 106,720 patients hospitalized with either C-ARDS or I-ARDS between January and December 2020, of which 103,845 (97.3%) had C-ARDS and 2875 (2.7%) had I-ARDS. Propensity-matched analysis demonstrated a significantly higher in-hospital mortality (aOR 3.2, 95% CI 2.5-4.2, p < 0.001), longer mean length of stay (18.7 days vs. 14.5 days, p < 0.001), higher likelihood of requiring vasopressors (aOR 1.7, 95% CI 2.5-4.2) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) (aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.3-2.1) in C-ARDS patients. Our study shows that COVID-19-related ARDS patients had a higher rate of complications, including higher in-hospital mortality and a higher need for vasopressors and invasive mechanical ventilation relative to Influenza-related ARDS; however, it also showed an increased utilization of mechanical circulatory support and non-invasive ventilation in Influenza-related ARDS. It emphasizes the need for early detection and management of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiza Virk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA
| | - Mohammed A Quazi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Adeel Nasrullah
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburg, PA 15212, USA
| | - Aaisha Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA
| | - Evan Kudron
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Prabal Chourasia
- Department of Hospital Medicine, Mary Washington Hospital, Fredericksburg, VA 22401, USA
| | - Anam Javed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA 15212, USA
| | - Priyanka Jain
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Karthik Gangu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Tariq Cheema
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburg, PA 15212, USA
| | - Briana DiSilvio
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburg, PA 15212, USA
| | - Abu Baker Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
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Abdelhay A, Mahmoud AA, Mostafa M, Al Ali O, Gill S, Jamshed S. Acute venous thromboembolic events in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: An analysis of the National Inpatient Sample. Thromb Res 2023; 225:28-32. [PMID: 36933476 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) is a premalignant plasma cell disorder which despite being clinically silent carries an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). We conducted a population-based study to investigate the risk of VTE in these patients. METHODS We utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) for the year 2016 to compare the incidence of acute VTE between patients who carry the diagnosis of MGUS and those who don't. We excluded hospitalizations with age < 18 years and those that had a diagnosed lymphoma, leukemia, solid malignancy, or other plasma cell dyscrasia. We utilized the ICD-10-CM coding system to search the database for codes of VTE, MGUS, and other comorbid conditions. Multivariate logistic regression models were used for comparative analysis adjusting for demographic characteristics and comorbidities. Baseline comorbidities were described as frequencies and proportions for categorical variables and as medians with interquartile ranges for continuous variables. RESULTS A total of 33,115 weighted hospitalizations were included in the MGUS group. These were compared to 27,418,403 weighted hospitalizations without the diagnosis of MGUS. The MGUS group had higher odds of composite venous thromboembolism (adjusted OR 1.33, 95 % CI 1.22-1.44), deep vein thrombosis (adjusted OR 1.46, 95 % CI 1.29-1.65), and pulmonary embolism (adjusted OR 1.22, 95 % CI 1.09-1.37). CONCLUSION Patients with MGUS had increased odds of developing acute venous thromboembolism compared to patients with no history of MGUS.
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Davis MG, Gangu K, Suriya S, Maringanti BS, Chourasia P, Bobba A, Tripathi A, Avula SR, Shekhar R, Sheikh AB. COVID-19 and Acute Ischemic Stroke Mortality and Clinical Outcomes among Hospitalized Patients in the United States: Insight from National Inpatient Sample. J Clin Med 2023; 12. [PMID: 36835876 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus-19, primarily a respiratory virus, also affects the nervous system. Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a well-known complication among COVID-19 infections, but large-scale studies evaluating AIS outcomes related to COVID-19 infection remain limited. We used the National Inpatient Sample database to compare acute ischemic stroke patients with and without COVID-19. A total of 329,240 patients were included in the study: acute ischemic stroke with COVID-19 (n = 6665, 2.0%) and acute ischemic stroke without COVID-19 (n = 322,575, 98.0%). The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included mechanical ventilation, vasopressor use, mechanical thrombectomy, thrombolysis, seizure, acute venous thromboembolism, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, septic shock, acute kidney injury requiring hemodialysis, length of stay, mean total hospitalization charge, and disposition. Acute ischemic stroke patients who were COVID-19-positive had significantly increased in-hospital mortality compared to acute ischemic stroke patients without COVID-19 (16.9% vs. 4.1%, aOR: 2.5 [95% CI 1.7-3.6], p < 0.001). This cohort also had significantly increased mechanical ventilation use, acute venous thromboembolism, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, septic shock, acute kidney injury, length of stay, and mean total hospitalization charge. Further research regarding vaccination and therapies will be vital in reducing worse outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke and COVID-19.
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Baral N, Mitchell JD, Aggarwal NT, Paul TK, Seri A, Arida AK, Sud P, Kunadi A, Bashyal KP, Baral N, Adhikari G, Tracy M, Volgman AS. Sex-based disparities and in-hospital outcomes of patients hospitalized with atrial fibrillation with and without dementia. Am Heart J Plus 2023; 26:100266. [PMID: 38510193 PMCID: PMC10945904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ahjo.2023.100266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Study objective We sought to evaluate the sex-based disparities and comparative in-hospital outcomes of principal AF hospitalizations in patients with and without dementia, which have not been well-studied. Design This is a non-interventional retrospective cohort study. Setting and participants We identified principal hospitalizations of AF in the National Inpatient Sample in adults (≥18 years old) between January 2016 and December 2019. Main outcome measure In-hospital mortality. Results Of 378,230 hospitalized patients with AF, 49.2 % (n = 186,039) were females and 6.1 % (n = 22,904) had dementia. The mean age (SD) was 71 (13) years. Patients with dementia had higher odds of in-hospital mortality {adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.48, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 1.34, 1.64, p < 0.001} and nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage (aOR: 1.60, 95 % CI: 1.04, 2.47, p = 0.032), but they had lower odds of catheter ablation (0.39, 95 % CI: 0.35, 0.43, p < 0.001) and electrical cardioversion (aOR: 0.33, 95 % CI: 0.31, 0.35, p < 0.001). In patients with AF and dementia, compared to males, females had similar in-hospital mortality (aOR: 1.00, 95 % CI: 0.93, 1.07, p = 0.960), fewer gastrointestinal bleeds (aOR: 0.92, 95 % CI: 0.85, 0.99, p = 0.033), lower odds of getting catheter ablation (aOR: 0.79, 95 % CI: 0.76, 0.81, p < 0.001), and less likelihood of getting electrical cardioversion (aOR: 0.78, 95 % CI: 0.76, 0.79, p < 0.001). Conclusions Patients with AF and dementia have higher mortality and a lower likelihood of getting catheter ablation and electrical cardioversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nischit Baral
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Flint/Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Joshua D. Mitchell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Neelum T. Aggarwal
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University-Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Timir K. Paul
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Tennessee College of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Amith Seri
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Flint/Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Abdul K. Arida
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Flint/Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Parul Sud
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Flint/Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Arvind Kunadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Flint/Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Krishna P. Bashyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, McLaren Flint/Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Flint, MI, USA
| | - Nisha Baral
- Department of Microbiology, Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal
| | - Govinda Adhikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Melissa Tracy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, RUSH University-Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Annabelle Santos Volgman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, RUSH University-Rush Medical College, Chicago, IL, USA
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Lemdani MS, Choudhry HS, Tseng CC, Fang CH, Sukyte-Raube D, Patel P, Eloy JA. Impact of Facility Volume on Patient Safety Indicator Events After Transsphenoidal Pituitary Surgery. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 168:227-233. [PMID: 35380889 DOI: 10.1177/01945998221089826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the impact of facility volume on Patient Safety Indicator (PSI) events following transsphenoidal pituitary surgery (TSPS). STUDY DESIGN Retrospective database review. SETTING National Inpatient Sample database (2003-2011). METHODS The National Inpatient Sample was queried for TSPS cases from 2003 to 2011. Facility volume was defined by tertile of average annual number of TSPS procedures performed. PSIs, based on in-hospital complications identified by the Agency of Healthcare Research and Quality, and poor outcomes, such as mortality and tracheostomy, were analyzed. RESULTS An overall 16,039 cases were included: 804 had ≥1 PSI and 15,235 had none. A greater proportion of male to female (5.8% vs 4.3%) and Black to White (7.0% vs 4.5%) patients experienced PSIs. There was an increased likelihood of poor outcome (odds ratio [OR], 3.1 [95% CI, 2.5-3.7]; P < .001) and mortality (OR, 30.1 [95% CI, 18.5-48.8]; P < .001) with a PSI. The incidence rates of PSIs at low-, intermediate-, and high-volume facilities were 5.7%, 5.1%, and 4.2%, respectively. Odds of poor outcome with PSIs were greater at low-volume facilities (OR, 3.3 [95% CI, 2.4-4.4]; P < .001) vs intermediate (OR, 3.1 [95% CI, 2.1-4.2]; P < .001) and high (OR, 2.5 [95% CI, 1.7-3.8]; P < .001). Odds of mortality with PSIs were greater at high-volume facilities (OR, 43.0 [95% CI, 14.3-129.4]; P < .001) vs intermediate (OR, 40.0 [95% CI, 18.5-86.4]; P < .001) and low (OR, 17.3 [95% CI, 8.0-37.7]; P < .001). CONCLUSION PSIs were associated with a higher likelihood of poor outcome and mortality following TSPS. Patients who experienced PSIs had a lower risk of poor outcome but increased mortality at higher-volume facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi S Lemdani
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Hannaan S Choudhry
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Christopher C Tseng
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Christina H Fang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center, The University Hospital of Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Donata Sukyte-Raube
- Center of Ear, Nose, and Throat Diseases, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Clinics, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Prayag Patel
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Jean Anderson Eloy
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.,Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.,Department of Neurological Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery, Saint Barnabas Medical Center-RWJBarnabas Health, Livingston, New Jersey, USA
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Andanamala H, Brunton N, Pai R, Sostin O. A second look at the mortality in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura score: An external validation study. Transfus Med 2023. [PMID: 36705047 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite high effectiveness of therapeutic plasma exchange as the first-line therapy, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) remains a life-threatening condition and may require utilization of adjunct modalities in certain patients. Mortality In TTP Score (MITS) is a prognostic risk stratified scoring tool designed to predict mortality in hospitalized patients with TTP. There has not been an external validation of MITS to date. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We performed an external validation of MITS in patients hospitalized with TTP using the National Inpatient Sample database from 2016 to 2019. We identified 4589 patients who met the selection criteria. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression models were run based on the MITS parameters of arterial thrombosis, intracranial haemorrhage, age, renal failure, ischemic stroke, platelet transfusion, and myocardial infarction to evaluate prognostic performance and discriminatory power of this tool. RESULTS All-cause mortality was reported more frequently in female subjects (57.8%), Caucasian race (58.9%), and ages 60 years, and above (52.3%). In a multivariable analysis, the variables included in the MITS criteria remained significant predictors of mortality. Moreover, MITS correlated with mortality risk. Our model's area under the receiving operator character curve was 71%, compared to 78.6% in the derivation cohort study. DISCUSSION In this external validation cohort, performance of MITS was similar to the derivation cohort, validating it as a valuable clinical tool that may guide management of TTP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haripriya Andanamala
- Department of Medicine, Danbury Hospital, Nuvance Health, Danbury, Connecticut, USA
| | - Nichole Brunton
- Department of Medicine, Danbury Hospital, Nuvance Health, Danbury, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rima Pai
- Department of Research and Innovation, Nuvance Health, Danbury, Connecticut, USA
| | - Oleg Sostin
- Department of Research and Innovation, Nuvance Health, Danbury, Connecticut, USA
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Sohal A, Chaudhry H, Singla P, Sharma R, Kohli I, Dukovic D, Prajapati D. The burden of Clostridioides difficile on COVID-19 hospitalizations in the USA. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:590-597. [PMID: 36662626 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of hospital acquired-infectious diarrhea in the USA. In this study, we assess the prevalence and impact of CDI in COVID-19 hospitalizations in the USA. METHODS We used the 2020 National Inpatient Sample database to identify adult patients with COVID-19. The patients were stratified into two groups based on the presence of CDI. The impact of CDI on outcomes such as in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, shock, acute kidney injury (AKI), and sepsis rates. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to assess the effects of CDI on outcomes. RESULTS The study population comprised 1581 585 patients with COVID-19. Among these, 0.65% of people had a CDI. There was a higher incidence of mortality in patients with COVID-19 and CDI compared with patients without COVID-19 (23.25% vs 13.33%, P < 0.001). The patients with COVID-19 and CDI had a higher incidence of sepsis (7.69% vs 5%, P < 0.001), shock (23.59% vs 8.59%, P < 0.001), ICU admission (25.54% vs 12.28%, P < 0.001), and AKI (47.71% vs 28.52%, P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, patients with CDI had a statistically significant higher risk of mortality than those without (aOR = 1.47, P < 0.001). We also noted a statistically significant higher risk of sepsis (aOR = 1.47, P < 0.001), shock (aOR = 2.7, P < 0.001), AKI (aOR = 1.55, P < 0.001), and ICU admission (aOR = 2.16, P < 0.001) in the study population. CONCLUSIONS Our study revealed the prevalence of CDI in COVID-19 patients was 0.65%. Although the prevalence was low, its presence is associated with worse outcomes and higher resource utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aalam Sohal
- Liver Institute Northwest, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hunza Chaudhry
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Fresno, California, USA
| | - Piyush Singla
- Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Punjab, India
| | | | - Isha Kohli
- Graduate School of Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dino Dukovic
- Ross University School of Medicine, Bridgetown, Barbados
| | - Devang Prajapati
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of California, San Francisco, Fresno, California, USA
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Sokhal BS, Matetić A, Paul TK, Velagapudi P, Lambrinou E, Figtree GA, Rashid M, Moledina S, Vassiliou VS, Mallen C, Mamas MA. Management and outcomes of patients admitted with type 2 myocardial infarction with and without standard modifiable risk factors. Int J Cardiol 2023; 371:391-396. [PMID: 36130622 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whilst it is known patients without standard modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (SMuRF; hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolaemia, smoking) have worse outcomes in Type 1 acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the relationship between type 2 AMI (T2AMI) and outcomes in patients with and without SMuRF is unknown. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients hospitalised with T2AMI based on the presence of SMuRF. METHODS Using the National Inpatient Sample, all hospitalizations with a primary discharge diagnosis of T2AMI were stratified according to SMuRF status (SMuRF and SMURF-less). Primary outcome was all-cause mortality while secondary outcomes were major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), major bleeding and ischemic stroke. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS Among 17,595 included hospitalizations, 1345 (7.6%) were SMuRF-less and 16,250 (92.4%) were SMuRF. On adjusted analysis, SMuRF-less patients had increased odds of all-cause mortality (aOR 2.43, 95% CI 1.83 to 3.23), MACCE (aOR 2.32, 95% CI 1.79 to 2.90) and ischaemic stroke (aOR 2.57, 95% CI 1.56 to 4.24) compared to their SMuRF counterparts. Secondary diagnoses among both cohorts were similar, with respiratory disorders most prevalent followed by cardiovascular and renal disorders. CONCLUSIONS T2AMI in the absence of SMuRF was associated with worse in-hospital outcomes compared to SMuRF-less patients. There was no SMuRF-based difference in the secondary diagnoses with the most common being respiratory, cardiovascular, and renal disorders. Further studies are warranted to improve overall care and outcomes of SMuRF-less patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balamrit Singh Sokhal
- School of Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK; Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research, Keele University, UK
| | - Andrija Matetić
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Split, Split, Croatia; Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research, Keele University, UK
| | | | - Poonam Velagapudi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Ekaterini Lambrinou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Gemma A Figtree
- Cardiovascular and Renal PRA, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Muhammad Rashid
- Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research, Keele University, UK
| | - Saadiq Moledina
- Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research, Keele University, UK
| | | | | | - Mamas A Mamas
- Keele Cardiovascular Research Group, Centre for Prognosis Research, Keele University, UK.
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Sambandam S, Bokhari SMMA, Tsai S, Nathan VS, Senthil T, Lanier H, Huerta S. Morbidity and Mortality in Non-Obese Compared to Different Classes of Obesity in Patients Undergoing Transtibial Amputations. J Clin Med 2022; 12. [PMID: 36615067 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study assesses the effect of obesity classes on outcomes and inpatient-hospital-cost compared to non-obese individuals undergoing below-knee amputations (BKAs). Retrospective matched-case controlled study performed on data from NIS Database. We identified three groups: N-Ob (BMI < 29.9 kg/m2; n = 3104), Ob-I/II (BMI: 30 to 39.9 kg/m2; n = 3107), and Ob-III (BMI > 40; n = 3092); matched for gender, comorbidities, tobacco use and elective vs. emergent surgery. Differences in morbidity, mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS), and total inpatient cost were analyzed. Blood loss anemia was more common in Ob-III compared to Ob-I/II patients (OR = 1.2; 95% CI = 1.1−1.4); blood transfusions were less commonly required in Ob-I/II (OR = 0.8; 95% CI = 0.7−0.9) comparatively; Ob-I/II encountered pneumonia less frequently (OR = 0.9; 95% CI = 0.4−0.9), whereas myocardial infarction was more frequent (OR = 7.0; 95% CI = 2.1−23.6) compared to N-Ob patients. Acute renal failure is more frequent in Ob-I/II (OR = 1.2; 95% CI = 1.0−1.3) and Ob-III (OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.6−1.9) compared to the N-Ob cohort. LOS was higher in N-Ob (13.1 ± 12.8 days) and Ob-III (13.5 ± 12.4 d) compared to Ob-I/II cohort (11.8 ± 10.1 d; p < 0.001). Mortality was 2.8%, 1.4%, and 2.9% (p < 0.001) for N-Ob, Ob-I/II, and Ob-III, respectively. Hospital charges were $22,025 higher in the Ob-III cohort. Ob-I/II is protective against peri-operative complications and death, whereas hospital cost is substantially higher in Ob-III patients undergoing BKAs.
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Wang X, Ma Y, Liu J, Wang T, Zhu L, Fan X, Cui Q, Liu C, Guan G, Wang J, Pan S, Liu Z, Zhang Y. Outcomes of transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair with percutaneous coronary intervention vs. surgical mitral valve repair with coronary artery bypass grafting. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:953875. [PMID: 36620639 PMCID: PMC9810628 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.953875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Patients with severe ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR) may receive concurrent coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) with surgical mitral valve repair (SMVr) or percutaneous coronary stent implantation (PCI) with transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (TMVr). However, there is no consensus on the management of severe IMR in this setting. We aimed to compare the outcomes of combined SMVr with CABG to concurrent TMVr with PCI among patients with IMR in the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. Methods and results The National Inpatient Sample was queried for all patients diagnosed with IMR who underwent SMVr with CABG or TMVr with PCI during the years 2016-2018. Study outcomes included all-cause in-hospital mortality, periprocedural complications, and resources used. A total of 1,360 potentially eligible patients were included in the study. After 1:5 propensity score matching, 133 patients were classified in the SMVr + CABG group and 29 patients in the TMVr + PCI group. Adjusted mortality was higher in the TMVr + PCI group compared with the SMVr + CABG group (13.8% vs. 4.5%, P = 0.034). Perioperative complications were higher among patients who underwent SMVr + CABG including blood transfusions (29.3% vs. 6.9%, P = 0.01) and post-procedural cardiogenic shock (11.3% vs. 0%, P = 0.044). The cost of care was higher (USD$783548.80 vs. USD$331846.523, P = 0.001) and the length of stay was longer (17.9 vs. 15.44 days, P < 0.001) in the TMVr + PCI group. On multivariable analysis, age (OR, 1.039 [95% CI, 1.006-1.072]; P = 0.032), renal failure (OR, 3.465 [95% CI, 1.867-6.433]; P < 0.001), and liver disease (OR, 5.012 [95% CI, 2.578-9.686]; P < 0.001) were associated with in-hospital mortality. Conclusion TMVr + PCI was associated with higher resource use and in-hospital mortality but with improved perioperative complications compared with SMVr + CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiqiang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanpeng Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiude Fan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qianwei Cui
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chengfeng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Gongchang Guan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junkui Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Pan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Shuo Pan,
| | - Zhongwei Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,Zhongwei Liu,
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,Yong Zhang,
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Koschnitzky JE, Yap E, Zhang Y, Chau MJ, Yerneni K, Somera AL, Luciano M, Moghekar A. Inpatient healthcare burden and variables influencing hydrocephalus-related admissions across the lifespan. J Neurosurg 2022:1-10. [PMID: 36681977 DOI: 10.3171/2022.10.jns22330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to quantify inpatient healthcare costs, describe patient demographics, and analyze variables influencing costs for pediatric and adult hydrocephalus shunt-related admissions in the US. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed using the 2019 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids' Inpatient Database (KID) and National Inpatient Sample (NIS), nationally representative weighted data sets of hospital discharges for pediatric and adult patients, respectively. International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification and Procedure Coding System (ICD-10-CM/PCS) code filters for data extraction were queried for admission information. Age at admission was categorized into five groups (≤ 28 days, 29 days to < 1 year, 1-18 years, 19-64 years, and ≥ 65 years). RESULTS In 2019, there were 36,898 shunt-related hospital admissions accounting for 495,138 hospital days and a total cost of more than $2.06 billion. Initial shunt placements accounted for 53.5% of all admissions and nearly 60% of the total cost. The median cost per admission was $22,700 and the median length of stay was 5 days. Admissions for shunt infection requiring revision had the highest median cost at $71,300 (p < 0.001) and the longest median length of stay at 25 days (p < 0.001) compared with initial shunt placements. By age, admissions that occurred in the first 28 days of life cost almost 5 times more than the median, $110,500 versus $22,700, respectively, and resulted in hospital stays that were 8 times longer than the median, 41 versus 5 days, respectively. Individuals aged ≥ 65 years accounted for 28% of the total shunt-related admissions. Almost two-thirds (65.3%) of shunt-related admissions were classified as nonelective. The median cost of nonelective procedures was double that of elective admissions, $33,900 versus $15,100, respectively (p < 0.001), and resulted in almost 5 times longer hospital stays, 9 versus 2 days, respectively (p < 0.001). Shunt-related admissions were predominantly male across all age groups (54.7%-57.4% male) except the 19- to 64-year age group. In the 19- to 64-year age group, females accounted for 51.1% of admissions. Insurance status was largely age dependent. Of all admissions, 33.1% used private insurance, 32.9% Medicare, and 27.7% Medicaid. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to quantify the patient demographics and cost of hydrocephalus shunt-related admissions across the entire age spectrum. Shunt-related admissions cost the US more than $2.06 billion dollars per year and represent only a fraction of the total cost of hydrocephalus care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yifan Zhang
- 3Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Monica J Chau
- 1Research Department, Hydrocephalus Association, Bethesda, Maryland
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Nasrullah A, Gangu K, Shumway NB, Cannon HR, Garg I, Shuja H, Bobba A, Chourasia P, Sheikh AB, Shekhar R. COVID-19 and Pulmonary Embolism Outcomes among Hospitalized Patients in the United States: A Propensity-Matched Analysis of National Inpatient Sample. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122104. [PMID: 36560514 PMCID: PMC9784895 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Venous thromboembolism, in particular, pulmonary embolism (PE), is a significant contributor to the morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19. In this study, we utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database 2020 to evaluate and compare clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19 with and without PE. Our sample includes 1,659,040 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia between January 2020 and December 2020. We performed propensity-matched analysis for patient characteristics and in-hospital outcomes, including the patient’s age, race, sex, insurance status, median income, length of stay, mortality, hospitalization cost, comorbidities, mechanical ventilation, and vasopressor support. Patients with COVID-19 with PE had a higher need for mechanical ventilation (25.7% vs. 15.6%, adjusted odds ratio 1.4, 95% CI 1.4−1.5, p < 0.001), the vasopressor requirement (5.4% vs. 2.6%, adjusted OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.4−1.8, p < 0.001), longer hospital stays (10.8 vs. 7.9 days, p < 0.001), and overall higher in-hospital mortality (19.1 vs. 13.9%, adjusted OR of 1.3, 95% CI 1.1−1.5, p < 0.001). This study highlights the need for more aggressive management of PE in COVID-19-positive patients with the aim to improve early diagnosis and treatment to reduce morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs seen in the synchronous COVID-19 and PE-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Nasrullah
- Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburg, PA 15212, USA
| | - Karthik Gangu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Nichole B. Shumway
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Harmon R. Cannon
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Ishan Garg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
| | - Hina Shuja
- Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi 74700, Pakistan
| | - Aniesh Bobba
- Department of Medicine, John H Stronger Hospital, Cook County, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Prabal Chourasia
- Department of Medicine, Mary Washington Hospital, Fredericksburg, VA 22401, USA
| | - Abu Baker Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-505-272-4661
| | - Rahul Shekhar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA
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Galivanche AR, Schneble CA, David WB, Mercier MR, Kammien AJ, Ottesen TD, Saifi C, Whang PG, Grauer JN, Varthi AG. A comparison of in-hospital outcomes after elective anterior cervical discectomy and fusion in cases with and without Parkinson's Disease. N Am Spine Soc J 2022; 12:100164. [PMID: 36304443 PMCID: PMC9594612 DOI: 10.1016/j.xnsj.2022.100164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Background Following orthopedic surgery, patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) have been shown to have high rates of surgical complications, and some studies suggest that PD may be associated with greater risk for postoperative medical complications. As complication rates are critical to consider for elective surgery planning, the current study aimed to describe the association of PD with medical complications following anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), the most commonly performed procedure to treat cervical degenerative pathology. Methods The 2008-2018 National Inpatient Sample database was queried for cases involving elective ACDF. Demographics and comorbidities were extracted using ICD codes. Cases were propensity matched based on demographic and comorbidity burden, and logistic regression was used to compare in-hospital complications between patients with and without PD. Results After weighting, a total of 1,273,437 elective ACDF cases were identified, of which 3948 (0.31%) involved cases with PD. After 1:1 propensity score matching by demographic and comorbidity variables, there were no differences between the PD and non-PD cohorts. Logistic regression models constructed for the matched and unmatched populations showed that PD cases have greater odds of in-hospital minor adverse events with no differences in odds of serious adverse events or mortality. Conclusions After matching for demographics and comorbidity burden, PD cases undergoing elective ACDF had slightly longer length of stay and greater risk for minor adverse events but had similar rates of serious adverse events and mortality. These findings are important for surgeons and patients to consider when making decisions about surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anoop R. Galivanche
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Christopher A. Schneble
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Wyatt B. David
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Michael R. Mercier
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Alexander J. Kammien
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Taylor D. Ottesen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Comron Saifi
- Penn Orthopaedics, University of Pennsylvania, 235 S 8th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Peter G. Whang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Jonathan N. Grauer
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Arya G. Varthi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
- Corresponding author: Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale School of Medicine, 47 College Street, New Haven, CT 06510.
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Kim D, Perumpail BJ, Alshuwaykh O, Dennis BB, Cholankeril G, Ahmed A. Changing trends in aetiology-based hospitalizations with end-stage liver disease in the United States from 2016 to 2019. Liver Int 2022; 42:2390-2395. [PMID: 35906461 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS AND AIMS A potent and safe antiviral agent may impact chronic hepatitis C (HCV)-related end-stage liver disease (ESLD). We assess aetiology-based hospitalizations for ESLD in the United States, 2016-2019. METHODS We utilized the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2016 to 2019. We defined ESLD as either decompensated cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma, criteria obtained from the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision. RESULTS National hospitalization rates for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increased significantly from 67.1/100 000 persons in 2016 to 93.6 in 2019 with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of 12.1%, while chronic hepatitis C (HCV) decreased significantly from 71.2/100 000 persons in 2016 to 58.5 in 2019 (-6.5% AAPC). Hospitalizations for ESLD in alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) increased as well. CONCLUSIONS Hospitalization rates for NAFLD- and ALD-related ESLD increased steadily, while those for HCV-related ESLD decreased during the direct-acting antivirals era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghee Kim
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Brandon J Perumpail
- Department of Pediatrics, St. Christopher's Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Omar Alshuwaykh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Brittany B Dennis
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - George Cholankeril
- Liver Center, Division of Abdominal Transplantation, Michael E DeBakey Department of General Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Section of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Aijaz Ahmed
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
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Randhawa A, Randhawa KS, Tseng CC, Fang CH, Baredes S, Eloy JA. Racial Disparities in Charges, Length of Stay, and Complications Following Adult Inpatient Epistaxis Treatment. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2022; 37:51-57. [PMID: 36221850 DOI: 10.1177/19458924221130880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although recent studies have identified an association between race and adverse outcomes in head and neck surgeries, there are limited data examining the impact of racial disparities on adult inpatient outcomes following epistaxis management procedures. OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between race and adverse outcomes in hospitalized patients undergoing epistaxis treatment. METHODS This retrospective cohort analysis utilized the 2003 to 2014 National Inpatient Sample. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes were used to identify cases with a primary diagnosis of epistaxis that underwent a procedure for epistaxis control. Cases with missing data were excluded. Higher total charges and prolonged length of stay (LOS) were indicated by values greater than the 75th percentile. Demographics, hospital characteristics, Elixhauser comorbidity score, and complications were compared among race cohorts using univariate chi-square analysis and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The independent effect of race on adverse outcomes was analyzed using multivariate binary logistic regression while adjusting for the aforementioned variables. RESULTS Of the 83 356 cases of epistaxis included, 80.3% were White, 12.5% Black, and 7.2% Hispanic. Black patients had increased odds of urinary/renal complications (odds ratio [OR] 2.148, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.797-2.569, P < .001) compared to White patients. Additionally, Black patients experienced higher odds of prolonged LOS (OR 1.227, 95% CI 1.101-1.367, P < .001) and higher total charges (OR 1.257, 95% CI 1.109-1.426, P < .001) compared to White patients. Similarly, Hispanic patients were more likely to experience urinary/renal complications (OR 1.605, 95% CI 1.244-2.071, P < .001), higher total charges (OR 1.519, 95% CI 1.302-1.772, P < .001), and prolonged LOS (OR 1.157, 95% CI 1.007-1.331, P = .040) compared to White patients. CONCLUSION Race is an important factor associated with an increased incidence of complications in hospitalized patients treated for epistaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avneet Randhawa
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 12286Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Karandeep S Randhawa
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 12286Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Christopher C Tseng
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 12286Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Christina H Fang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 2013Montefiore Medical Center, The University Hospital of Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Soly Baredes
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 12286Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey.,Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey, 12286Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey
| | - Jean Anderson Eloy
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 12286Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey.,Center for Skull Base and Pituitary Surgery, Neurological Institute of New Jersey, 12286Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey.,Department of Neurological Surgery, 12286Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 12286Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey.,Department of Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery, Saint Barnabas Medical Center - RWJBarnabas Health, Livingston, New Jersey
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Potera J, Manadan AM. Reasons for hospitalization and in-hospital mortality in adults with systemic sclerosis: Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample. J Scleroderma Relat Disord 2022; 7:189-196. [PMID: 36211208 PMCID: PMC9537709 DOI: 10.1177/23971983221083225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune condition with significant morbidity and mortality despite modern medical therapies. The goal of this investigation was to comprehensively analyze all reasons for hospitalization and in-hospital death of systemic sclerosis patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of the adult systemic sclerosis hospitalizations from the 2016-2018 National Inpatient Sample. We included patients with a primary or secondary diagnosis of systemic sclerosis and compared them to the group without the disease. The incidence of inpatient death and total hospitalization charges were recorded along with the most frequent principal diagnoses for systemic sclerosis hospitalizations and mortality categorized into subgroups. Results There were 94,515 adult systemic sclerosis hospitalizations recorded in the 2016-2018 National Inpatient Sample database. Systemic sclerosis patients had higher inpatient mortality compared to the non-systemic sclerosis group (4.5% vs 2.2%, respectively, p < 0.0001), were more likely to be female (84% vs 58%, p < 0.0001), had a longer mean length of stay (6.1 vs 4.7 days, p < 0.0001), and greater mean total hospital charges ($70,018 vs $53,556, p < 0.0001). Sepsis, unspecified organism (A41.9) was the most common principal diagnosis for both hospitalized and deceased systemic sclerosis patients. Cardiovascular diagnoses (21.9%) were the most common reasons for hospitalization and infectious (28%)-for in-hospital death. Conclusion Our analysis of the National Inpatient Sample database from 2016 to 2018 showed that infections and cardiovascular diseases were a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized systemic sclerosis patients. Sepsis was the most frequent specific diagnosis for both hospitalization and inpatient deaths. These results stress the importance of early recognition of life-threatening infections in this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Potera
- Internal Medicine Department, John H.
Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, IL, USA
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Dai Q, Sherif AA, Jin C, Chen Y, Cai P, Li P. Machine learning predicting mortality in sarcoidosis patients admitted for acute heart failure. Cardiovasc Digit Health J 2022; 3:297-304. [PMID: 36589310 PMCID: PMC9795270 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvdhj.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sarcoidosis with cardiac involvement, although rare, has a worse prognosis than sarcoidosis involving other organ systems. Objective We used a large dataset to train machine learning models to predict in-hospital mortality among sarcoidosis patients admitted with heart failure (HF). Method Utilizing the National Inpatient Sample, we identified 4659 patients hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of HF. In this cohort, we identified patients with a secondary diagnosis of sarcoidosis using International Statistical Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes. Patients were separated into a training group and a testing group in a 7:3 ratio. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was used to select variables to prevent model overfitting or underfitting. For machine learning models, logistic regression, random forest, and XGBoosting were applied in the training group. Parameters in each of the models were tuned using the GridSearchCV function. After training, all models were further validated in the testing group. Models were then evaluated using the area under curve (AUC) score, sensitivity, and specificity. Results A total of 2.3% of sarcoidosis patients died in HF admission. Our machine learning model analysis found the RF model to have the highest AUC score and sensitivity. Feature analysis found that comorbid arrhythmias and fluid electrolyte disorders were the strongest factors in predicting in-hospital mortality. Conclusion Machine learning methods can be useful in identifying predictors of in-hospital mortality in a given dataset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiying Dai
- Division of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Akil A. Sherif
- Division of Cardiology, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Chengyue Jin
- Division of Cardiology, Mount Sinai Beth Israel Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Yongbin Chen
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Peng Cai
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts
| | - Pengyang Li
- Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia,Address reprint requests and correspondence: Dr Pengyang Li, Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23219.
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50
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Datar Y, Yin K, Wang Y, Lawrence KW, Awtry EH, Cervantes-Arslanian AM, Kimmel SD, Fagan MA, Weinstein ZM, Karlson KJ, McAneny DB, Edwards NM, Dobrilovic N. Surgical outcomes of pulmonary valve infective endocarditis: A US population-based analysis. Int J Cardiol 2022; 361:50-54. [PMID: 35597492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2022.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary valve infective endocarditis (PVIE) represents a rare subset of right-sided IE. This study aimed to evaluate the population-level surgical outcomes of PVIE in the United States. METHODS We performed a retrospective observational study using the 2002-2017 National Inpatient Sample database. We included hospitalizations with both IE and PV interventions. We excluded Tetralogy of Fallot, congenital PV malformation, and those who underwent the Ross procedure. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcomes included major complications and length of hospital stay. RESULTS We identified 677 PVIE hospitalizations that underwent surgical treatment, accounting for 0.06% of all IE hospitalizations. The mean age was 35.2 ± 1.7 years; 60.0% were White, 30.3% were women, and 11.4% were intravenous drug users. Most were treated in large-sized (70.1%) urban teaching (88.8%) hospitals. Close to 30% of patients received at least one concomitant valve procedure. The in-hospital mortality was 5.5% for the entire cohort, and the median length of stay was 16 days. Major complications included complete heart block (8.7%), acute kidney injury (8.1%), and stroke (1.3%). The differences in mortality and complications rate comparing PV repair and replacement were not statistically significant. PV repair was associated with a longer length of hospital stay compared to PV replacement (median: 25 vs. 16 days, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS This study defines the population-level in-hospital outcomes after surgical intervention of PVIE. Surgically treated PVIE patients are associated with relatively low mortality and morbidities. The outcomes between PV replacement and repair are similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesh Datar
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kanhua Yin
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yunda Wang
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kyle W Lawrence
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eric H Awtry
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna M Cervantes-Arslanian
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simeon D Kimmel
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Section of Addiction Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maura A Fagan
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zoe M Weinstein
- Section of Addiction Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karl J Karlson
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David B McAneny
- Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Niloo M Edwards
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nikola Dobrilovic
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Cardiac Surgery, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Chicago, IL, USA.
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