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Felix S, Valery KM, Caiada M, Guionnet S, Bonilla-Guerrero J, Destaillats JM, Prouteau A. Personal recovery self-report outcome measures in serious mental illness: A systematic review of measurement properties. Clin Psychol Rev 2024; 112:102459. [PMID: 38943916 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Personal recovery represents a paradigm shift in mental healthcare. Validated self-report outcome measures (PROMs) are needed to facilitate the transformation towards recovery-oriented practices and services. Objectives were to identify published measures and analyze their measurement properties using a standardized methodology. METHODS Following the COSMIN guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of personal recovery PROMs in serious mental illness. The MEDLINE, PMC, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, PBSC and Scopus electronic databases were searched for articles published between May 2012 and February 2024. Full-text articles from a previous systematic review were also examined. RESULTS 91 studies were included in the review, describing 25 PROMs. Ten of them had not been identified in previous reviews. Quality of evidence was globally poor for most PROM measurement properties. Very little evidence was found for cross-cultural validity, measurement invariance, measurement error and criterion validity. The Recovery Assessment Scale and Questionnaire about the Process of Recovery showed the strongest evidence for sufficient psychometric data on a wide range of measurement properties. CONCLUSIONS Several personal recovery measures are now available. While research is still needed to enhance their validity on some psychometric properties, the current tools appear sufficient to cover most research and clinical needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Felix
- Psychology Laboratory (LabPsy) UR4139, Bordeaux University, 3 ter place de la Victoire, 33000 Bordeaux, France; ESPPAIR Unit, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Jonzac Hospital, 17500 Saint-Martial de Vitaterne, France.
| | - Kevin-Marc Valery
- Psychology Laboratory (LabPsy) UR4139, Bordeaux University, 3 ter place de la Victoire, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Meryl Caiada
- Psychology Laboratory (LabPsy) UR4139, Bordeaux University, 3 ter place de la Victoire, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sarah Guionnet
- Psychology Laboratory (LabPsy) UR4139, Bordeaux University, 3 ter place de la Victoire, 33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Julien Bonilla-Guerrero
- ESPPAIR Unit, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Jonzac Hospital, 17500 Saint-Martial de Vitaterne, France
| | - Jean-Marc Destaillats
- ESPPAIR Unit, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Jonzac Hospital, 17500 Saint-Martial de Vitaterne, France
| | - Antoinette Prouteau
- Psychology Laboratory (LabPsy) UR4139, Bordeaux University, 3 ter place de la Victoire, 33000 Bordeaux, France; ESPPAIR Unit, Department of Adult Psychiatry, Jonzac Hospital, 17500 Saint-Martial de Vitaterne, France
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Bachner-Melman R, Rom R, Lev-Ari L, Shachar-Lavie I, Krispin O, Tolmacz R. Relational attitudes in adolescent girls with and without a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa or atypical anorexia nervosa. J Eat Disord 2023; 11:166. [PMID: 37737193 PMCID: PMC10515418 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-023-00896-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with eating disorders experience interpersonal difficulties, but little research explores relational attitudes in this population. We examined sense of relational entitlement towards parents, pathological concern, and psychological distress in adolescent girls with and without anorexia nervosa (AN) or atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN). METHODS Questionnaires assessing sense of entitlement towards parents, pathological concern, and symptoms of depression and anxiety were completed by 85 girls with and 100 girls without AN/AAN (mean age 15.06 ± 1.41). The AN/AAN group also completed a measure of ED pathology. RESULTS Eating pathology, pathological concern and symptoms of depression and anxiety were positively associated with both restricted and inflated sense of entitlement towards parents. AN/AAN participants scored significantly higher than controls on restricted and inflated sense of entitlement, pathological concern and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Restricted sense of entitlement and pathological concern partially mediation the association between AN/AAN and symptoms of depression and fully mediated the association between AN/AAN and anxiety. Within the AN/AAN group, pathological concern and symptoms of depression explained a large proportion of the variance in ED pathology. CONCLUSIONS Adolescent AN/AAN takes a heavy toll on emotional and social health, perhaps in part because crucial aspects of relational mutuality fail to develop. Teens with AN/AAN tend to over-focus on their parents' needs at the expense of their own needs. They also have impaired capacity to realistically appraise expectations from their parents, tending to feel over- and/or under-entitled to need fulfillment. These relational attitudes are associated with symptoms of depression and anxiety and should be addressed in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Bachner-Melman
- Clinical Psychology Graduate Program, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel.
- School of Social Work, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Roni Rom
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Lilac Lev-Ari
- Clinical Psychology Graduate Program, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
- The Lior Tsfaty Center for Suicide and Mental Pain Studies, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
| | - Iris Shachar-Lavie
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Orit Krispin
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Rami Tolmacz
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel
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Sob C, Siegrist M, Hartmann C. The Positive Eating Scale: Associations with eating behavior, food choice, and body mass index. Eat Behav 2023; 48:101706. [PMID: 36773373 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
To further investigate the effects of positive eating on health, the present study focused on associations of the Positive Eating Scale (PES, the Pleasure when Eating and Satisfaction with Eating subscales) with eating behaviors, food intake, and body mass index (BMI) in a large sample of the general Swiss population. Participants (T1: n = 2795, 46.7 % men; T2: n = 1931, 46.5 % men) with a mean age of 60 (SD = 16) years at T1 (2019) and 62 (SD = 15) years at T2 (2021) completed the Swiss Food Panel 2.0 paper-and-pencil questionnaire which included the PES, eating behaviors, food intake, and BMI. The results showed that both restrained and reward eating in response to positive emotions were mostly negatively correlated with the PES subscales for men and women, whereas intuitive eating, diet-related health consciousness, and perceived health status were positively related to the PES subscales. Women tended to choose healthier foods and recorded higher eating satisfaction. BMI was negatively related to the PES subscale Satisfaction with Eating (β = -0.17) and positively related to the subscale Pleasure when Eating (β = 0.08) despite rather small correlations with healthier food choices and better diet quality. No significant effects of the PES subscales on change in BMI were detected over the two-year period. Since the PES subscales showed diverging associations with other eating behavior constructs, a combination into a total score may not be optimal. Overall, positive eating may be associated with more balanced eating habits and better perceived health status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Sob
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Environmental Decisions (IED), Consumer Behavior, Universitätstrasse 22, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Siegrist
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Environmental Decisions (IED), Consumer Behavior, Universitätstrasse 22, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christina Hartmann
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Environmental Decisions (IED), Consumer Behavior, Universitätstrasse 22, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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Hower H, LaMarre A, Bachner-Melman R, Harrop EN, McGilley B, Kenny TE. Conceptualizing eating disorder recovery research: Current perspectives and future research directions. J Eat Disord 2022; 10:165. [PMID: 36380392 PMCID: PMC9664434 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-022-00678-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND How we research eating disorder (ED) recovery impacts what we know (perceive as fact) about it. Traditionally, research has focused more on the "what" of recovery (e.g., establishing criteria for recovery, reaching consensus definitions) than the "how" of recovery research (e.g., type of methodologies, triangulation of perspectives). In this paper we aim to provide an overview of the ED field's current perspectives on recovery, discuss how our methodologies shape what is known about recovery, and suggest a broadening of our methodological "toolkits" in order to form a more complete picture of recovery. BODY: This paper examines commonly used methodologies in research, and explores how incorporating different perspectives can add to our understanding of the recovery process. To do this, we (1) provide an overview of commonly used methodologies (quantitative, qualitative), (2) consider their benefits and limitations, (3) explore newer approaches, including mixed-methods, creative methods (e.g., Photovoice, digital storytelling), and multi-methods (e.g., quantitative, qualitative, creative methods, psycho/physiological, behavioral, laboratory, online observations), and (4) suggest that broadening our methodological "toolkits" could spur more nuanced and specific insights about ED recoveries. We propose a potential future research model that would ideally have a multi-methods design, incorporate different perspectives (e.g., expanding recruitment of diverse participants, including supportive others, in study co-creation), and a longitudinal course (e.g., capturing cognitive and emotional recovery, which often comes after physical). In this way, we hope to move the field towards different, more comprehensive, perspectives on ED recovery. CONCLUSION Our current perspectives on studying ED recovery leave critical gaps in our knowledge about the process. The traditional research methodologies impact our conceptualization of recovery definitions, and in turn limit our understanding of the phenomenon. We suggest that we expand our range of methodologies, perspectives, and timeframes in research, in order to form a more complete picture of what is possible in recovery; the multiple aspects of an individual's life that can improve, the greater number of people who can recover than previously believed, and the reaffirmation of hope that, even after decades, individuals can begin, and successfully continue, their ED recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Hower
- Department of Psychiatry, Eating Disorders Center for Treatment and Research, University of California at San Diego School of Medicine, 4510 Executive Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA. .,Department of Health Services, Policy, and Practice, Hassenfeld Child Innovation Institute, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
| | - Andrea LaMarre
- School of Psychology, Massey University, North Shore, Private Bag 102-904, Auckland, 0632, New Zealand
| | - Rachel Bachner-Melman
- Clinical Psychology Graduate Program, Ruppin Academic Center, 4025000, Emek-Hefer, Israel.,School of Social Work, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Mt. Scopus, 9190501, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Erin N Harrop
- Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, 2148 S High Street, Denver, CO, 80208, USA
| | - Beth McGilley
- University of Kansas School of Medicine, 1010 N Kansas St, Wichita, KS, 67214, USA
| | - Therese E Kenny
- Department of Psychology, Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
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Experiencing eight psychotherapy approaches devoted to eating disorders in a single-day workshop increases insight and motivation to engage in care: a pilot study. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:2213-2222. [PMID: 35133642 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-022-01365-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE For patients with eating disorders (EDs), early engagement in care is usually considered a positive prognostic factor. The aim of the study was to investigate how a single-day intervention devoted to early, brief, experiential exposure to a variety of psychotherapy approaches might support commitment to change and the decision to engage in care in patients with EDs. METHODS One hundred and sixty-nine adult outpatients newly diagnosed with an ED took part in a single-day workshop for groups of up to ten patients, where they experienced eight psychotherapeutic approaches. Motivation to change care and level of insight were assessed at baseline and 10 days after the intervention. RESULTS Motivation and commitment to take active steps toward change (expressed by the "Committed Action" composite score) significantly improved after the intervention (p < 0.001), and a significant number of patients specifically moved from "contemplation" to "action" stage (p < 0.001). The improvement of motivation to change was significantly associated with an increase in insight capacity (p < 0.001), and this increase was observed for almost all related dimensions such as recognition of illness or awareness of need for psychological treatment. CONCLUSION A single-day session devoted to experiencing a range of group psychotherapies increased patients' insight and motivation to actively engage in care. To confirm potential longer-term benefits of this intervention, further studies are needed to explore the contribution of each approach and process specifically involved in patients' increased motivation for care, as well as the clinical characteristics of patients associated with better outcomes. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V: Opinions of respected authorities, based on descriptive studies, narrative reviews, clinical experience, or reports of expert committees.
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Lev-Ari L, Bachner-Melman R, Zohar AH. Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q-13): expanding on the short form. J Eat Disord 2021; 9:57. [PMID: 33926557 PMCID: PMC8082853 DOI: 10.1186/s40337-021-00403-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Eating Disorders Examination-Questionnaire (EDE-Q) is widely used but time-consuming to complete. In recent years, the advantages and disadvantages of several brief versions have therefore been investigated. A seven-item scale (EDE-Q-7) has excellent psychometric properties but excludes items on bingeing and purging. This study aimed to evaluate a thirteen-item scale (EDE-Q-13) including items on bingeing and purging. METHOD Participants were 1160 (188 [11.4%] males) community volunteers of mean age 28.79 ± 9.92. They completed the full EDE-Q in Hebrew, as well as measures of positive body experience, social and emotional connection, life satisfaction, positive and negative affect and positive eating. The six EDE-Q items about bingeing and purging, recoded to correspond to the response categories of the other EDE-Q questions, were added to the EDE-Q-7, resulting in the EDE-Q-13. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the hypothesized EDE-Q-13 structure, including the bingeing and purging subscales. Strong positive correlations were found between the EDE-Q-13 and the original EDE-Q scores. The EDE-Q-13 showed convergent validity with related measures. CONCLUSIONS The EDE-Q-13 in Hebrew is a brief version of the EDE-Q that includes bingeing and purging subscales and has satisfactory psychometric properties. Its use in clinical and research contexts is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilac Lev-Ari
- Clinical Psychology Graduate Program, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel. .,Lior Zfaty Suicide and Mental Pain Research Center, Emek Hefer, Israel.
| | - Rachel Bachner-Melman
- Clinical Psychology Graduate Program, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel.,School of Social Work, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ada H Zohar
- Clinical Psychology Graduate Program, Ruppin Academic Center, Emek Hefer, Israel.,Lior Zfaty Suicide and Mental Pain Research Center, Emek Hefer, Israel
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