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Kaye MG, Kwiatkowski AV, Khan HA, Yastynovich Y, Graham SP, Meka J. Designing an ECG curriculum for residents: Evidence-based approaches to improving resident ECG interpretation skills. J Electrocardiol 2024; 82:64-68. [PMID: 38039698 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Residents enter their training with variable comfort and competency in electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation. Accurately interpreting an ECG is a fundamental skill in medicine and resident physicians would benefit from a longitudinal, dedicated ECG curriculum as part of their training to enhance interpretation skills and improve patient outcomes. Educators currently employ a wide array of methodologies to teach their trainees proper ECG interpretation skills, with no single modality established as the gold-standard for teaching this crucial skill. We present evidence-based guidance on how educators may develop and implement an effective ECG interpretation curriculum as part of residency training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Kaye
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Alysia V Kwiatkowski
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Hassan A Khan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | | | - Susan P Graham
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Jennifer Meka
- Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York (SUNY) at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA
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2
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Woon LSC, Mohd Daud TI, Tong SF. "It kinda helped us to be there": students' perspectives on the use of virtual patient software in psychiatry posting. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:851. [PMID: 37946151 PMCID: PMC10636819 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At the Faculty of Medicine of the National University of Malaysia, a virtual patient software program, DxR Clinician, was utilised for the teaching of neurocognitive disorder topics during the psychiatry posting of undergraduate medical students in a modified team-based learning (TBL) module. This study aimed to explore medical students' learning experiences with virtual patient. METHODS Ten students who previously underwent the learning module were recruited through purposive sampling. The inclusion criteria were: (a) Fourth-year medical students; and (b) Completed psychiatry posting with the new module. Students who dropped out or were unable to participate in data collection were excluded. Two online focus group discussions (FGDs) with five participants each were conducted by an independent facilitator, guided by a questioning route. The data were transcribed verbatim and coded using the thematic analysis approach to identify themes. RESULTS Three main themes of their learning experience were identified: (1) fulfilment of the desired pedagogy (2), realism of the clinical case, and (3) ease of use related to technical settings. The pedagogy theme was further divided into the following subthemes: level of entry for students, flexibility of presentation of content, provision of learning guidance, collaboration with peers, provision of feedback, and assessment of performance. The realism theme had two subthemes: how much the virtual patient experience mimicked an actual patient and how much the case scenario reflected real conditions in the Malaysian context. The technical setting theme entailed two subthemes: access to the software and appearance of the user interface. The study findings are considered in the light of learning formats, pedagogical and learning theories, and technological frameworks. CONCLUSIONS The findings shed light on both positive and negative aspects of using virtual patients for medical students' psychiatry posting, which opens room for further improvement of their usage in undergraduate psychiatry education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Sy-Cherng Woon
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Tuti Iryani Mohd Daud
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Seng Fah Tong
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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3
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Oh SY, Cook DA, Van Gerven PWM, Nicholson J, Fairbrother H, Smeenk FWJM, Pusic MV. Physician Training for Electrocardiogram Interpretation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2022; 97:593-602. [PMID: 35086115 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000004607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Using electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation as an example of a widely taught diagnostic skill, the authors conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to demonstrate how research evidence on instruction in diagnosis can be synthesized to facilitate improvement of educational activities (instructional modalities, instructional methods, and interpretation approaches), guide the content and specificity of such activities, and provide direction for research. METHOD The authors searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, PsycInfo, CINAHL, ERIC, and Web of Science databases through February 21, 2020, for empirical investigations of ECG interpretation training enrolling medical students, residents, or practicing physicians. They appraised study quality with the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument and pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) using random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Of 1,002 articles identified, 59 were included (enrolling 17,251 participants). Among 10 studies comparing instructional modalities, 8 compared computer-assisted and face-to-face instruction, with pooled SMD 0.23 (95% CI, 0.09, 0.36) indicating a small, statistically significant difference favoring computer-assisted instruction. Among 19 studies comparing instructional methods, 5 evaluated individual versus group training (pooled SMD -0.35 favoring group study [95% CI, -0.06, -0.63]), 4 evaluated peer-led versus faculty-led instruction (pooled SMD 0.38 favoring peer instruction [95% CI, 0.01, 0.74]), and 4 evaluated contrasting ECG features (e.g., QRS width) from 2 or more diagnostic categories versus routine examination of features within a single ECG or diagnosis (pooled SMD 0.23 not significantly favoring contrasting features [95% CI, -0.30, 0.76]). Eight studies compared ECG interpretation approaches, with pooled SMD 0.92 (95% CI, 0.48, 1.37) indicating a large, statistically significant effect favoring more systematic interpretation approaches. CONCLUSIONS Some instructional interventions appear to improve learning in ECG interpretation; however, many evidence-based instructional strategies are insufficiently investigated. The findings may have implications for future research and design of training to improve skills in ECG interpretation and other types of visual diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Oh
- S.-Y. Oh is assistant director, Program for Digital Learning, Institute for Innovations in Medical Education, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4640-3695
| | - David A Cook
- D.A. Cook is professor of medicine and medical education, director of education science, Office of Applied Scholarship and Education Science, research chair, Mayo Clinic Rochester Multidisciplinary Simulation Center, and consultant, Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2383-4633
| | - Pascal W M Van Gerven
- P.W.M. Van Gerven is associate professor, Department of Educational Development and Research, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8363-2534
| | - Joseph Nicholson
- J. Nicholson is director, NYU Health Sciences Library, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Hilary Fairbrother
- H. Fairbrother is associate professor, Department of Emergency Medicine, Memorial Hermann-Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Frank W J M Smeenk
- F.W.J.M. Smeenk is professor, Department of Educational Development and Research, Maastricht University, Maastricht, and respiratory specialist, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Martin V Pusic
- M.V. Pusic is associate professor of pediatrics and associate professor of emergency medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5236-6598
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Cook DA, Oh SY, Pusic MV. Assessments of Physicians' Electrocardiogram Interpretation Skill: A Systematic Review. ACADEMIC MEDICINE : JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN MEDICAL COLLEGES 2022; 97:603-615. [PMID: 33913438 DOI: 10.1097/acm.0000000000004140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify features of instruments, test procedures, study design, and validity evidence in published studies of electrocardiogram (ECG) skill assessments. METHOD The authors conducted a systematic review, searching MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ERIC, and Web of Science databases in February 2020 for studies that assessed the ECG interpretation skill of physicians or medical students. Two authors independently screened articles for inclusion and extracted information on test features, study design, risk of bias, and validity evidence. RESULTS The authors found 85 eligible studies. Participants included medical students (42 studies), postgraduate physicians (48 studies), and practicing physicians (13 studies). ECG selection criteria were infrequently reported: 25 studies (29%) selected single-diagnosis or straightforward ECGs; 5 (6%) selected complex cases. ECGs were selected by generalists (15 studies [18%]), cardiologists (10 studies [12%]), or unspecified experts (4 studies [5%]). The median number of ECGs per test was 10. The scoring rubric was defined by 2 or more experts in 32 studies (38%), by 1 expert in 5 (6%), and using clinical data in 5 (6%). Scoring was performed by a human rater in 34 studies (40%) and by computer in 7 (8%). Study methods were appraised as low risk of selection bias in 16 studies (19%), participant flow bias in 59 (69%), instrument conduct and scoring bias in 20 (24%), and applicability problems in 56 (66%). Evidence of test score validity was reported infrequently, namely evidence of content (39 studies [46%]), internal structure (11 [13%]), relations with other variables (10 [12%]), response process (2 [2%]), and consequences (3 [4%]). CONCLUSIONS ECG interpretation skill assessments consist of idiosyncratic instruments that are too short, composed of items of obscure provenance, with incompletely specified answers, graded by individuals with underreported credentials, yielding scores with limited interpretability. The authors suggest several best practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Cook
- D.A. Cook is professor of medicine and medical education, director of education science, Office of Applied Scholarship and Education Science, research chair, Mayo Clinic Rochester Multidisciplinary Simulation Center, and consultant, Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, Minnesota; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2383-4633
| | - So-Young Oh
- S.-Y. Oh is assistant director, Program for Digital Learning, Institute for Innovations in Medical Education, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4640-3695
| | - Martin V Pusic
- M.V. Pusic is associate professor of emergency medicine and pediatrics, Department of Emergency Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York; ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5236-6598
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Sandrone S, Berthaud JV, Carlson C, Cios J, Dixit N, Farheen A, Kraker J, Owens JWM, Patino G, Sarva H, Weber D, Schneider LD. Active Learning in Psychiatry Education: Current Practices and Future Perspectives. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:211. [PMID: 32390876 PMCID: PMC7190786 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past few decades, medical education has seen increased interest in the use of active learning formats to engage learners and promote knowledge application over knowledge acquisition. The field of psychiatry, in particular, has pioneered a host of novel active learning paradigms. These have contributed to our understanding of the role of andragogy along the continuum of medical education, from undergraduate to continuing medical education. In an effort to frame the successes and failures of various attempts at integrating active learning into healthcare curricula, a group of educators from the A. B. Baker Section on Neurological Education from the American Academy of Neurology reviewed the state of the field in its partner field of medical neuroscience. Herein we provide a narrative review of the literature, outlining the basis for implementing active learning, the novel formats that have been used, and the lessons learned from qualitative and quantitative analysis of the research that has been done to date. While preparation time seems to present the greatest obstacle to acceptance from learners and educators, there is generally positive reception to the new educational formats. Additionally, most assessments of trainee performance have suggested non-inferiority (if not superiority). However, occasional mixed findings point to a need for better assessments of the type of learning that these new formats engender: knowledge application rather than acquisition. Moreover, this field is relatively nascent and, in order to ascertain how best to integrate active learning into psychiatry education, a framework for quantitative outcome assessments is needed going forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Sandrone
- A.B. Baker Section on Neurological Education, American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jimmy V Berthaud
- A.B. Baker Section on Neurological Education, American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Chad Carlson
- A.B. Baker Section on Neurological Education, American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Jacquelyne Cios
- A.B. Baker Section on Neurological Education, American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Neurology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Neel Dixit
- A.B. Baker Section on Neurological Education, American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Amtul Farheen
- A.B. Baker Section on Neurological Education, American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Neurology, Lebanon VA Medical Center, Lebanon, PA, United States
| | - Jessica Kraker
- A.B. Baker Section on Neurological Education, American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Neurology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - James W M Owens
- A.B. Baker Section on Neurological Education, American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, University of Washington, Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Gustavo Patino
- A.B. Baker Section on Neurological Education, American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience, Oakland University William Beaumont School of Medicine, Auburn Hills, MI, United States
| | - Harini Sarva
- A.B. Baker Section on Neurological Education, American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Daniel Weber
- A.B. Baker Section on Neurological Education, American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Department of Neurology, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Logan D Schneider
- A.B. Baker Section on Neurological Education, American Academy of Neurology, Minneapolis, MN, United States.,Stanford/VA Alzheimer's Center, Palo Alto VA Health Care System, Livermore, CA, United States.,Sierra Pacific Mental Illness Research Education and Clinical Centers, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Livermore, CA, United States
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Viljoen CA, Scott Millar R, Engel ME, Shelton M, Burch V. Is computer-assisted instruction more effective than other educational methods in achieving ECG competence amongst medical students and residents? A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e028800. [PMID: 31740464 PMCID: PMC6886915 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES It remains unclear whether computer-assisted instruction (CAI) is more effective than other teaching methods in acquiring and retaining ECG competence among medical students and residents. DESIGN This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. DATA SOURCES Electronic literature searches of PubMed, databases via EBSCOhost, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and grey literature were conducted on 28 November 2017. We subsequently reviewed the citation indexes for articles identified by the search. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Studies were included if a comparative research design was used to evaluate the efficacy of CAI versus other methods of ECG instruction, as determined by the acquisition and/or retention of ECG competence of medical students and/or residents. DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS Two reviewers independently extracted data from all eligible studies and assessed the risk of bias. After duplicates were removed, 559 papers were screened. Thirteen studies met the eligibility criteria. Eight studies reported sufficient data to be included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS In all studies, CAI was compared with face-to-face ECG instruction. There was a wide range of computer-assisted and face-to-face teaching methods. Overall, the meta-analysis found no significant difference in acquired ECG competence between those who received computer-assisted or face-to-face instruction. However, subanalyses showed that CAI in a blended learning context was better than face-to-face teaching alone, especially if trainees had unlimited access to teaching materials and/or deliberate practice with feedback. There was no conclusive evidence that CAI was better than face-to-face teaching for longer-term retention of ECG competence. CONCLUSION CAI was not better than face-to-face ECG teaching. However, this meta-analysis was constrained by significant heterogeneity amongst studies. Nevertheless, the finding that blended learning is more effective than face-to-face ECG teaching is important in the era of increased implementation of e-learning. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42017067054.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mark E Engel
- Medicine, Unversity of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mary Shelton
- Health Sciences Library, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Vanessa Burch
- Medicine, Unversity of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Improving Electrocardiography Diagnostic Accuracy in Emergency Medical Services Personnel. CJC Open 2019; 1:28-34. [PMID: 32159079 PMCID: PMC7063641 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjco.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Accuracy of electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation is important for identification of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) by Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel who recognize STEMI in the field and activate the coronary catheterization laboratory. According to previous research, there is improvement in diagnosis of STEMIs for healthcare providers who read an average of > 20 ECGs per week. This study evaluated the effectiveness of online ECG modules on improving diagnostic accuracy. Methods EMS personnel received 25 ECGs per week to interpret via an online program. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed for improvement via completion of an ECG evaluation package before and after the intervention. Job satisfaction data were collected to determine the impact of the educational initiative. Results A total of 64 participants completed the study. Overall, there was an improvement in ECG diagnostic accuracy from 50.8% to 61.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.7-13.2; P < 0.0001). Specifically, there was significant improvement in the diagnosis of STEMI (8.5%; 95% CI, 4.9-12.3; P < 0.003) and supraventricular tachycardia (39.0%; 95% CI, 17.2-60.8; P < 0.008), with a trend toward improvement in all other diagnoses. These effects were sustained to 3 months (9.6%; 95% CI, 6.4-12.7; P < 0.0001). Improvement was seen regardless of employment experience and training. There was no significant impact on job satisfaction. Conclusions ECG exposure remains an important factor in improving the accuracy of ECG diagnosis in EMS personnel. Online education modules provide an easily accessible way of improving ECG interpretation with the opportunity for positive downstream effects on patient outcomes and resource use.
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Abstract
Researchers have sought to understand the effects of like-minded versus contrary news exposure on attitude polarization, which can be a threat to democracy. The online news environment offers opportunities for exposure to both types of news, albeit unequally. This study tests the effects of exposure to heterogeneous partisan news bundles (both like-minded and contrary news) on attitude polarization. Because media exposure can lead to bias, attitude polarization is tested as a direct and indirect effect via hostile media perceptions. Data in this study are from a between-subjects experimental design about the issue of assisted suicide. Results indicate that even though the effect of the partisan news bundle on hostile media perceptions is significant, both direct and indirect effects on attitude polarization are null.
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Kok EM, van Geel K, van Merriënboer JJG, Robben SGF. What We Do and Do Not Know about Teaching Medical Image Interpretation. Front Psychol 2017; 8:309. [PMID: 28316582 PMCID: PMC5334326 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Educators in medical image interpretation have difficulty finding scientific evidence as to how they should design their instruction. We review and comment on 81 papers that investigated instructional design in medical image interpretation. We distinguish between studies that evaluated complete offline courses and curricula, studies that evaluated e-learning modules, and studies that evaluated specific educational interventions. Twenty-three percent of all studies evaluated the implementation of complete courses or curricula, and 44% of the studies evaluated the implementation of e-learning modules. We argue that these studies have encouraging results but provide little information for educators: too many differences exist between conditions to unambiguously attribute the learning effects to specific instructional techniques. Moreover, concepts are not uniformly defined and methodological weaknesses further limit the usefulness of evidence provided by these studies. Thirty-two percent of the studies evaluated a specific interventional technique. We discuss three theoretical frameworks that informed these studies: diagnostic reasoning, cognitive schemas and study strategies. Research on diagnostic reasoning suggests teaching students to start with non-analytic reasoning and subsequently applying analytic reasoning, but little is known on how to train non-analytic reasoning. Research on cognitive schemas investigated activities that help the development of appropriate cognitive schemas. Finally, research on study strategies supports the effectiveness of practice testing, but more study strategies could be applicable to learning medical image interpretation. Our commentary highlights the value of evaluating specific instructional techniques, but further evidence is required to optimally inform educators in medical image interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen M Kok
- Department of Educational Development and Research, School of Health Professions Education, Maastricht University Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Koos van Geel
- Department of Educational Development and Research, School of Health Professions Education, Maastricht University Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J G van Merriënboer
- Department of Educational Development and Research, School of Health Professions Education, Maastricht University Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Simon G F Robben
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre Maastricht, Netherlands
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Chudgar SM, Engle DL, Grochowski CO, Gagliardi JP. Teaching crucial skills: An electrocardiogram teaching module for medical students. J Electrocardiol 2016; 49:490-5. [PMID: 27083329 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2016.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medical student performance in electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation at our institution could be improved. Varied resources exist to teach students this essential skill. METHODS We created an ECG teaching module (ECGTM) of 75 cases representing 15 diagnoses to improve medical students' performance and confidence in ECG interpretation. Students underwent pre- and post-clerkship testing to assess ECG interpretation skills and confidence and also end-of-clinical-year testing in ECG and laboratory interpretation. Performance was compared for the years before and during ECGTM availability. RESULTS Eighty-four percent of students (total n=101) reported using the ECGTM; 98% of those who used it reported it was useful. Students' performance and confidence were higher on the post-test. Students with access to the ECGTM (n=101) performed significantly better than students from the previous year (n=90) on the end-of-year ECG test. CONCLUSIONS The continuous availability of an ECGTM was associated with improved confidence and ability in ECG interpretation. The ECGTM may be another available tool to help students as they learn to read ECGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumil M Chudgar
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Deborah L Engle
- Office of Curricular Affairs, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Jane P Gagliardi
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
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