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Fu H, Xu T, Zhao W, Jiang L, Shan S. Roles of gut microbiota in androgenetic alopecia: insights from Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1360445. [PMID: 38628866 PMCID: PMC11018880 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1360445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of androgen-associated hair loss. Previous studies have indicated an association between the gut microbiota and AGA. To delve deeper, we executed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the potential causal relationship between the gut microbiota and AGA. Methods A two-sample MR investigation was utilized to delve into the intricate interplay between gut microbiota and AGA. Information regarding 211 gut microbial taxa was sourced from the MiBioGen consortium. The summary statistics of the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for AGA were obtained from the FinnGen biobank, which included 195 cases and 201,019 controls. Various analytical approaches, including Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW), Weighted Median, MR-Egger, Weighted Mode, and Simple Mode were employed to evaluate the causal impact of gut microbiota on AGA. Sensitivity analyses were subsequently conducted to affirm the robustness of the findings. Results A two-sample MR investigation unveiled the genus Olsenella, genus Ruminococcaceae UCG-004, and genus Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 were identified as risk factors associated with AGA. In contrast, the family Acidaminococcaceae and genus Anaerofilum, along with the genus Ruminiclostridium 9, demonstrated a protective effect. The sensitivity analyses provided additional assurance that the findings of the current study were less susceptible to the influence of confounding variables and biases. Conclusion The MR study has established a link between specific gut microbiota and AGA, offering evidence for the identification of more precisely targeted probiotics. This discovery has the potential to aid in the prevention, control, and reversal of AGA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijing Fu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tianyi Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wumei Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Leiwei Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Shijun Shan
- Department of Dermatology, Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Hangzhou Third People’s Hospital, Affiliated Hangzhou Dermatology Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Giatti S, Cioffi L, Diviccaro S, Piazza R, Melcangi RC. Analysis of the finasteride treatment and its withdrawal in the rat hypothalamus and hippocampus at whole-transcriptome level. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-024-02345-y. [PMID: 38493246 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-024-02345-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE As reported in patients treated for androgenetic alopecia with finasteride (i.e., a blocker of the enzyme 5 alpha-reductase) and in an animal model, side effects affecting sexual, psychiatric, neurological, and physical domains, may occur during the treatment and persist with drug suspension. The etiopathogenesis of these side effects has been poorly explored. Therefore, we performed a genome-wide analysis of finasteride effects in the brain of adult male rat. METHODS Animals were treated (i.e., for 20 days) with finasteride (1mg/rat/day). 24 h after the last treatment and 1 month after drug suspension, RNA sequencing analysis was performed in hypothalamus and hippocampus. Data were analyzed by differential expression analysis and Gene-Set Enrichment Analyses (GSEA). RESULTS Data obtained after finasteride treatment showed that 186 genes (i.e., 171 up- and 15 downregulated) and 19 (i.e., 17 up- and 2 downregulated) were differentially expressed in the hypothalamus and hippocampus, respectively. Differential expression analysis at the drug withdrawal failed to identify dysregulated genes. Several gene-sets were enriched in these brain areas at both time points. CONCLUSION Some of the genes reported to be differentially expressed (i.e., TTR, DIO2, CLDN1, CLDN2, SLC4A5, KCNE2, CROT, HCRT, MARCKSL1, VGF, IRF2BPL) and GSEA, suggest a potential link with specific side effects previously observed in patients and in the animal model, such as depression, anxiety, disturbance in memory and attention, and sleep disturbance. These data may provide an important background for future experiments aimed at confirming the pathological role of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Giatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - L Cioffi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - S Diviccaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - R Piazza
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - R C Melcangi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari "Rodolfo Paoletti", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Gül M, Fode M, Urkmez A, Capogrosso P, Falcone M, Sarikaya S, Sokolakis I, Morgado A, Morozov A, Albersen M, Russo GI, Serefoglu EC. A clinical guide to rare male sexual disorders. Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:35-49. [PMID: 37670085 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00803-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Conditions referred to as 'male sexual dysfunctions' usually include erectile dysfunction, ejaculatory disorders and male hypogonadism. However, some less common male sexual disorders exist, which are under-recognized and under-treated, leading to considerable morbidity, with adverse effects on individuals' sexual health and relationships. Such conditions include post-finasteride syndrome, restless genital syndrome, post-orgasmic illness syndrome, post-selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) sexual dysfunction, hard-flaccid syndrome, sleep-related painful erections and post-retinoid sexual dysfunction. Information about these disorders usually originates from case-control trials or small case series; thus, the published literature is scarce. As the aetiology of these diseases has not been fully elucidated, the optimal investigational work-up and therapy are not well defined, and the available options cannot, therefore, adequately address patients' sexual problems and implement appropriate treatment. Thus, larger-scale studies - including prospective trials and comprehensive case registries - are crucial to better understand the aetiology, prevalence and clinical characteristics of these conditions. Furthermore, collaborative efforts among researchers, health-care professionals and patient advocacy groups will be essential in order to develop evidence-based guidelines and novel therapeutic approaches that can effectively address these disorders. By advancing our understanding and refining treatment strategies, we can strive towards improving the quality of life and fostering healthier sexual relationships for individuals suffering from these rare sexual disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Gül
- Department of Urology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, Urology, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Mikkel Fode
- Department of Urology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ahmet Urkmez
- Department of Urology, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Paolo Capogrosso
- Department of Urology, ASST Sette Laghi, Circolo and Fondazione Macchi Hospital, Varese, Italy
| | - Marco Falcone
- Department of Urology, Molinette Hospital, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Selcuk Sarikaya
- Department of Urology, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ioannis Sokolakis
- 2nd Department of Urology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Medical School Thessaloniki,Greece, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Afonso Morgado
- Department of Urology, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andrey Morozov
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maarten Albersen
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Giorgio Ivan Russo
- Urology section, Department of Surgery, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Ege Can Serefoglu
- Department of Urology, Biruni University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Giatti S, Diviccaro S, Cioffi L, Cosimo Melcangi R. Post-Finasteride Syndrome And Post-Ssri Sexual Dysfunction: Two Clinical Conditions Apparently Distant, But Very Close. Front Neuroendocrinol 2024; 72:101114. [PMID: 37993021 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Post-finasteride syndrome and post-SSRI sexual dysfunction, are two poorly explored clinical conditions in which men treated for androgenetic alopecia with finasteride or for depression with SSRI antidepressants show persistent side effects despite drug suspension (e.g., sexual dysfunction, psychological complaints, sleep disorders). Because of some similarities in the symptoms, common pathological mechanisms are proposed here. Indeed, as discussed, clinical studies and preclinical data obtained so far suggest an important role for brain modulators (i.e., neuroactive steroids), neurotransmitters (i.e., serotonin, and cathecolamines), and gut microbiota in the context of the gut-brain axis. In particular, the observed interconnections of these signals in these two clinical conditions may suggest similar etiopathogenetic mechanisms, such as the involvement of the enzyme converting norepinephrine into epinephrine (i.e., phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase). However, despite the current efforts, more work is still needed to advance the understanding of these clinical conditions in terms of diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Giatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Diviccaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Lucia Cioffi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Priori EC, Ratto D, De Luca F, Sandionigi A, Savino E, Giammello F, Romeo M, Brandalise F, Roda E, Rossi P. Hericium erinaceus Extract Exerts Beneficial Effects on Gut-Neuroinflammaging-Cognitive Axis in Elderly Mice. BIOLOGY 2023; 13:18. [PMID: 38248449 PMCID: PMC10813749 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is a biological phenomenon that determines the impairment of cognitive performances, in particular, affecting memory. Inflammation and cellular senescence are known to be involved in the pathogenesis of cognitive decline. The gut microbiota-brain axis could exert a critical role in influencing brain homeostasis during ageing, modulating neuroinflammation, and possibly leading to inflammaging. Due to their anti-ageing properties, medicinal mushrooms can be utilised as a resource for developing pharmaceuticals and functional foods. Specifically, Hericium erinaceus (He), thanks to its bioactive metabolites, exerts numerous healthy beneficial effects, such as reinforcing the immune system, counteracting ageing, and improving cognitive performance. Our previous works demonstrated the capabilities of two months of He1 standardised extract oral supplementation in preventing cognitive decline in elderly frail mice. Herein, we showed that this treatment did not change the overall gut microbiome composition but significantly modified the relative abundance of genera specifically involved in cognition and inflammation. Parallelly, a significant decrease in crucial markers of inflammation and cellular senescence, i.e., CD45, GFAP, IL6, p62, and γH2AX, was demonstrated in the dentate gyrus and Cornus Ammonis hippocampal areas through immunohistochemical experiments. In summary, we suggested beneficial and anti-inflammatory properties of He1 in mouse hippocampus through the gut microbiome-brain axis modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Cecilia Priori
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Daniela Ratto
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Fabrizio De Luca
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Anna Sandionigi
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy;
- Quantia Consulting S.r.l., Via Petrarca 20, 22066 Mariano Comense, Italy
| | - Elena Savino
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Francesca Giammello
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | - Marcello Romeo
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
| | | | - Elisa Roda
- Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology, Pavia Poison Centre, National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Paola Rossi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “L. Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (E.C.P.); (D.R.); (F.D.L.); (F.G.); (M.R.)
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Carrington AE, Maloh J, Nong Y, Agbai ON, Bodemer AA, Sivamani RK. The Gut and Skin Microbiome in Alopecia: Associations and Interventions. THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND AESTHETIC DERMATOLOGY 2023; 16:59-64. [PMID: 37915336 PMCID: PMC10617895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective This review examines the current literature on the gut-skin connection in alopecia and summarizes interventions that impact hair growth by modulation of the gut or skin microbiome. Methods PubMed searches were done to assess studies of the gut and skin microbiome and forms of alopecia including, alopecia areata (AA), androgenic alopecia (AGA), alopecia universalis (AU), central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA) and lichen planopilaris (LPP). Filters were applied for human and animal studies. Articles not translated to English and studies assessing supplemental therapies on alopecia were excluded. Results There is evidence that scalp, hair follicle, and gut microbiome alterations are associated with various types of alopecia. There is potential in the use of interventions targeting microbiome dysbiosis, including fecal transplants and probiotics. Limitations This field of study still requires more high-quality research and studies with larger participant populations. Conclusion Dysbiosis on the scalp, within the hair follicle and the gut seem to have a role in the pathophysiology of various forms of alopecia. There is evidence that interventions targeting dysbiosis may have potential in the treatment and management of hair loss. Further studies are needed to establish a direct connection and to clarify specific effects of these interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis E Carrington
- Dr. Carrington is with the Department of Dermatology at George Washington School of Medicine and Health Sciences in Washington, DC
| | - Jessica Maloh
- Dr. Nong and Drs. Maloh and Sivamani are with Integrative Skin Science and Research in Sacramento, California
| | - Yvonne Nong
- Dr. Nong and Drs. Maloh and Sivamani are with Integrative Skin Science and Research in Sacramento, California
- Dr. Nong and Drs. Agbai and Sivamani are with the Department of Dermatology at the University of California-Davis in Sacramento, California
- Additionally, Dr. Nong is with SUNY Downstate Medical Center in Brooklyn, New York
| | - Oma N Agbai
- Dr. Nong and Drs. Agbai and Sivamani are with the Department of Dermatology at the University of California-Davis in Sacramento, California
| | - Apple A Bodemer
- Dr. Bodemer is with the Department of Dermatology at University of Wisconsin's School of Medicine and Public Health in Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Raja K Sivamani
- Dr. Nong and Drs. Maloh and Sivamani are with Integrative Skin Science and Research in Sacramento, California
- Dr. Nong and Drs. Agbai and Sivamani are with the Department of Dermatology at the University of California-Davis in Sacramento, California
- Additionally, Dr. Sivamani is with the College of Medicine at California Northstate University in Sacramento, California and Pacific Skin Institute in Sacramento, California
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Rendeli C, Paradiso VF, Bucci V, Cretì G, D'Aleo C, Lisi G, Lombardi L, Marte A, Masnata G, Migliazza L, Gerocarni Nappo S, Raffaele A, Buzle DS, Viciani E, Castagnetti A, Ausili E. Gut microbiota and pediatric patients with spina bifida and neurogenic bowel dysfunction. Childs Nerv Syst 2023; 39:633-645. [PMID: 36180597 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-022-05688-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Gut microbiota has recently been recognized to be influenced by a broad range of pathologies. Alterations of gut microbiota are known as dysbiosis and have found to be related to chronic constipation, a condition which affects also pediatric patients with spina bifida (SB). METHODS In this study, gut microbiota richness and composition were investigated by 16S rRNA sequencing and bioinformatic analysis in 48 SB patients (mean age, 11.9 ± 4.8 years) with secondary neurogenic constipation and 32 healthy controls (mean age, 18.0 ± 9.6 years). The study also aimed at exploring eventual effects of laxatives and transanal irrigation (TAI) adopted by SB subjects to get relief from the symptoms of neurogenic constipation. RESULTS Collected data demonstrated that the microbiota richness of SB patients was significantly increased compared to healthy controls, with a higher number of dominant bacteria rather than rare species. The absence of SB condition was associated with taxa Coprococcus 2, with the species C. eutactus and Roseburia, Dialister, and the [Eubacterium] coprostanoligenes group. On the other hand, the SB patients displayed a different group of positively associated taxa, namely, Blautia, Collinsella, Intestinibacter, and Romboutsia genera, the [Clostridium] innocuum group, and Clostridium sensu stricto 1. Bifidobacterium and the [Eubacterium] hallii group were also found to be positively associated with SB gut microbiome. CONCLUSIONS Among SB patients, the administration of laxatives and TAI did not negatively affect gut microbiota diversity and composition, even considering long-term use (up to 5 years) of TAI device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Rendeli
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | | | | | - Giuseppe Cretì
- Ospedale Casa del Sollievo Della Sofferenza, San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | | | | | - Laura Lombardi
- Azienda Ospedaliera - Universitaria, Centro Spina Bifida, Parma, Italy
| | - Antonio Marte
- Azienda Ospedaliera, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Emanuele Ausili
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Gut mycobiota dysbiosis in drug-naïve, first-episode schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2022; 250:76-86. [PMID: 36370535 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial dysbiosis has been demonstrated in patients with schizophrenia (SCH). The aim of the present study was to investigate alterations in mycobiota composition and fungi-bacteria correlation network in drug-naïve, first episode SCH. We recruited 205 SCH patients and 125 healthy controls (HCs), whose gut bacterial and fungal compositions were characterized by 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing, respectively. Fungal-bacterial relative correlation network analysis was performed using the Spearman's test and distance correlation. We also computed relative networks connectedness, which represents the ratio of significant interactions (edges) and taxa (nodes) in the network. SCH patients showed lower fungal α-diversity compared with that of HCs. Furthermore, we identified 29 differential fungal markers at multiple taxonomies between SCH patients and HCs. SCH patients also showed a significantly lower fungi-to-bacteria α-diversity ratio compared with that of HCs (p = 1.81 × 10-8). In risk prediction models, we observed that combining bacterial and fungal markers achieved higher accuracy than that of bacterial markers alone (AUC = 0.847 vs AUC = 0.739; p = 0.043). Fungal-bacterial correlation network was denser in HCs than in SCH patients and was characterized by a high number of neighbors (p < 0.05). In addition, an increased abundance of Purpureocillium was associated with more severe psychiatric symptoms and poorer cognitive function in SCH patients (p < 0.05). Our study demonstrated a disrupted and weakened fungi-bacteria network in SCH patients, which might be associated with their clinical manifestations. Future research on fungal-bacterial correlation network is warranted to advance our understanding about the role of mycobiota in the etiology of SCH and to explore novel intervention approaches.
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Diviccaro S, Giatti S, Cioffi L, Falvo E, Herian M, Caruso D, Melcangi RC. Gut Inflammation Induced by Finasteride Withdrawal: Therapeutic Effect of Allopregnanolone in Adult Male Rats. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1567. [PMID: 36358917 PMCID: PMC9687671 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment with finasteride (i.e., an inhibitor of 5α-reductase) may be associated with different side effects (i.e., depression, anxiety, cognitive impairment and sexual dysfunction) inducing the so-called post finasteride syndrome (PFS). Moreover, previous observations in PFS patients and an experimental model showed alterations in gut microbiota populations, suggesting an inflammatory environment. To confirm this hypothesis, we have explored the effect of chronic treatment with finasteride (i.e., for 20 days) and its withdrawal (i.e., for 1 month) on the levels of steroids, neurotransmitters, pro-inflammatory cytokines and gut permeability markers in the colon of adult male rat. The obtained data demonstrate that the levels of allopregnanolone (ALLO) decreased after finasteride treatment and after its withdrawal. Following the drug suspension, the decrease in ALLO levels correlates with an increase in IL-1β and TNF-α, serotonin and a decrease in dopamine. Importantly, ALLO treatment is able to counteract some of these alterations. The relation between ALLO and GABA-A receptors and/or pregnenolone (ALLO precursor) could be crucial in their mode of action. These observations provide an important background to explore further the protective effect of ALLO in the PFS experimental model and the possibility of its translation into clinical therapy.
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Wang Z, You L, Ren Y, Zhu X, Mao X, Liang X, Wang T, Guo Y, Liu T, Xue J. Finasteride Alleviates High Fat Associated Protein-Overload Nephropathy by Inhibiting Trimethylamine N-Oxide Synthesis and Regulating Gut Microbiota. Front Physiol 2022; 13:900961. [PMID: 36045744 PMCID: PMC9420981 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.900961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Unhealthy diet especially high-fat diet (HFD) is the major cause of hyperlipidemia leading to deterioration of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) in patients. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut-derived uremic toxin. Our previous clinical study demonstrated that the elevation of TMAO was positively correlated with CKD progression. Finasteride, a competitive and specific inhibitor of type II 5a-reductase, has been reported recently to be able to downregulate plasma TMAO level thus preventing the onset of atherosclerosis by our research group. In this study, we established a protein-overload nephropathy CKD mouse model by bovine serum albumin (BSA) injection to investigate whether hyperlipidemia could accelerate CKD progression and the underlying mechanisms. Finasteride was administrated to explore its potential therapeutic effects. The results of biochemical analyses and pathological examination showed that HFD-induced hyperlipidemia led to aggravated protein-overload nephropathy in mice along with an elevated level of circulating TMAO, which can be alleviated by finasteride treatment possibly through inhibition of Fmo3 in liver. The 16 S rRNA sequencing results indicated that HFD feeding altered the composition and distribution of gut microbiota in CKD mice contributing to the enhanced level of TMAO precursor TMA, while finasteride could exert beneficial effects via promoting the abundance of Alistipes_senegalensis and Akkermansia_muciniphila. Immunofluorescence staining (IF) and qRT-PCR results demonstrated the disruption of intestinal barrier by decreased expression of tight junction proteins including Claudin-1 and Zo-1 in HFD-fed CKD mice, which can be rescued by finasteride treatment. Cytokine arrays and redox status analyses revealed an upregulated inflammatory level and oxidative stress after HFD feeding in CKO mice, and finasteride-treatment could alleviate these lesions. To summarize, our study suggested that finasteride could alleviate HFD-associated deterioration of protein-overload nephropathy in mice by inhibition of TMAO synthesis and regulation of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoyuan Wang
- Division of Nephrology of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li You
- Division of Nephrology of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Ren
- Division of Nephrology of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoye Zhu
- Division of Nephrology of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyi Mao
- Division of Nephrology of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowan Liang
- Division of Nephrology of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Division of Nephrology of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yumeng Guo
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yumeng Guo, ; Te Liu, ; Jun Xue,
| | - Te Liu
- Shanghai Geriatric Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yumeng Guo, ; Te Liu, ; Jun Xue,
| | - Jun Xue
- Division of Nephrology of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yumeng Guo, ; Te Liu, ; Jun Xue,
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Venneri MA, Franceschini E, Sciarra F, Rosato E, D'Ettorre G, Lenzi A. Human genital tracts microbiota: dysbiosis crucial for infertility. J Endocrinol Invest 2022; 45:1151-1160. [PMID: 35113404 PMCID: PMC9098539 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01752-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Human body is colonized by trillions of microbes, influenced by several factors, both endogenous, as hormones and circadian regulation, and exogenous as, life-style habits and nutrition. The alteration of such factors can lead to microbial dysbiosis, a phenomenon which, in turn, represents a risk factor in many different pathologies including cancer, diabetes, autoimmune and cardiovascular disease, and infertility. Female microbiota dysbiosis (vaginal, endometrial, placental) and male microbiota dysbiosis (seminal fluid) can influence the fertility, determining a detrimental impact on various conditions, as pre-term birth, neonatal illnesses, and macroscopic sperm parameters impairments. Furthermore, unprotected sexual intercourse creates a bacterial exchange between partners, and, in addition, each partner can influence the microbiota composition of partner's reproductive tracts. This comprehensive overview of the effects of bacterial dysbiosis in both sexes and how partners might influence each other will allow for better personalization of infertility management.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Venneri
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - E Franceschini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - F Sciarra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - E Rosato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - G D'Ettorre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - A Lenzi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
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12
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Diviccaro S, FitzGerald JA, Cioffi L, Falvo E, Crispie F, Cotter PD, O’Mahony SM, Giatti S, Caruso D, Melcangi RC. Gut Steroids and Microbiota: Effect of Gonadectomy and Sex. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060767. [PMID: 35740892 PMCID: PMC9220917 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex steroids, derived mainly from gonads, can shape microbiota composition; however, the impact of gonadectomy and sex on steroid production in the gut (i.e., gut steroids), and its interaction with microbiota composition, needs to be clarified. In this study, steroid environment and gut steroidogenesis were analysed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and expression analyses. Gut microbiota composition as branched- and short-chain fatty acids were determined by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and gas chromatography flame ionisation detection, respectively. Here, we first demonstrated that levels of pregnenolone (PREG), progesterone (PROG), and isoallopregnanolone (ISOALLO) were higher in the female rat colon, whereas the level of testosterone (T) was higher in males. Sexual dimorphism on gut steroidogenesis is also reported after gonadectomy. Sex, and more significantly, gonadectomy, affects microbiota composition. We noted that a number of taxa and inferred metabolic pathways were associated with gut steroids, such as positive associations between Blautia with T, dihydroprogesterone (DHP), and allopregnanolone (ALLO), whereas negative associations were noted between Roseburia and T, ALLO, PREG, ISOALLO, DHP, and PROG. In conclusion, this study highlights the novel sex-specific association between microbiota and gut steroids with possible relevance for the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Diviccaro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (E.F.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Jamie A. FitzGerald
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland; (J.A.F.); (F.C.); (P.D.C.)
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Lucia Cioffi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (E.F.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Eva Falvo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (E.F.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Fiona Crispie
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland; (J.A.F.); (F.C.); (P.D.C.)
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, P61 C996 Cork, Ireland; (J.A.F.); (F.C.); (P.D.C.)
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Siobhain M. O’Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, College Road, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Silvia Giatti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (E.F.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (E.F.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (E.F.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Kloping YP, Hakim L. Prostate Cancer Microbiome: A Narrative Review of What We Know So Far. CURRENT CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40588-022-00178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Komoto M, Asada A, Ohshima Y, Miyanaga K, Morimoto H, Yasukawa T, Morito K, Takayama K, Uozumi Y, Nagasawa K. Dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in C57BL/6J mice increases their susceptibility to chronic unpredictable mild stress that induces depressive-like behavior. Life Sci 2022; 289:120217. [PMID: 34896162 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In patients with colitis, the high comorbidity of depressive disorders is well-known, but the detailed mechanisms remain unresolved. In this study, we examined whether colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) increased the susceptibility to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in C57BL/6J mice with resilience to CUMS. MAIN METHODS To induce experimental colitis and depressive-like behaviors, male 7-weeks old C57BL/6J mice were administered ad libitum 1% DSS solution for 11 days, and subjected to various mild stressors in a chronic, inevitable and unpredictable way according to a random schedule for 21 days, respectively. KEY FINDINGS In naïve mice exposed to CUMS, their immobility times in a forced swim (FS) test were almost equal to those in control mice. The DSS administration to naïve mice induced colitis without depressive-like behavior, and at 18 days after termination of the DSS administration, the colitis had recovered to control levels, while altered diversity and composition of bacterial genera such as Bacteroides spp., Alistipes spp., etc., were found in the gut microbiota. Exposure of mice with DSS-induced colitis to CUMS (DSS + CUMS) significantly increased the immobility times in the FS test. In the gut microbiota of DSS + CUMS mice, the alteration profile of the relative abundance of bacterial genera differed from in the DSS ones. SIGNIFICANCE These findings indicate that mice with colitis exhibit increased susceptibility to psychological stress, resulting in induction of depressive-like behavior, and this might be due, at least in part, to altered characteristics of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Komoto
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, Division of Biological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Ayumi Asada
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, Division of Biological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Ohshima
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, Division of Biological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Kayo Miyanaga
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, Division of Biological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Hirotoshi Morimoto
- Technical Development Division, Ako Kasei, Co., Ltd., 329 Sakoshi, Ako 678-0193, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yasukawa
- Technical Development Division, Ako Kasei, Co., Ltd., 329 Sakoshi, Ako 678-0193, Japan
| | - Katsuya Morito
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, Division of Biological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Kentaro Takayama
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, Division of Biological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Uozumi
- Technical Development Division, Ako Kasei, Co., Ltd., 329 Sakoshi, Ako 678-0193, Japan
| | - Kazuki Nagasawa
- Department of Environmental Biochemistry, Division of Biological Sciences, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Nakauchi-cho, Misasagi, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
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15
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So SY, Savidge TC. Gut feelings: the microbiota-gut-brain axis on steroids. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 322:G1-G20. [PMID: 34730020 PMCID: PMC8698538 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00294.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The intricate connection between central and enteric nervous systems is well established with emerging evidence linking gut microbiota function as a significant new contributor to gut-brain axis signaling. Several microbial signals contribute to altered gut-brain communications, with steroids representing an important biological class that impacts central and enteric nervous system function. Neuroactive steroids contribute pathologically to neurological disorders, including dementia and depression, by modulating the activity of neuroreceptors. However, limited information is available on the influence of neuroactive steroids on the enteric nervous system and gastrointestinal function. In this review, we outline how steroids can modulate enteric nervous system function by focusing on their influence on different receptors that are present in the intestine in health and disease. We also highlight the potential role of the gut microbiota in modulating neuroactive steroid signaling along the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sik Yu So
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Tor C Savidge
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
- Department of Pathology, Texas Children's Microbiome Center, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas
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16
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Diviccaro S, Caputi V, Cioffi L, Giatti S, Lyte JM, Caruso D, O’Mahony SM, Melcangi RC. Exploring the Impact of the Microbiome on Neuroactive Steroid Levels in Germ-Free Animals. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212551. [PMID: 34830433 PMCID: PMC8622241 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Steroid hormones are essential biomolecules for human physiology as they modulate the endocrine system, nervous function and behaviour. Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiota is directly involved in the production and metabolism of steroid hormones in the periphery. However, the influence of the gut microbiota on levels of steroids acting and present in the brain (i.e., neuroactive steroids) is not fully understood. Therefore, using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry, we assessed the levels of several neuroactive steroids in various brain areas and the plasma of germ-free (GF) male mice and conventionally colonized controls. The data obtained indicate an increase in allopregnanolone levels associated with a decrease in those of 5α-androstane-3α, 17β-diol (3α-diol) in the plasma of GF mice. Moreover, an increase of dihydroprogesterone and isoallopregnanolone in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex was also reported. Changes in dihydrotestosterone and 3α-diol levels were also observed in the hippocampus of GF mice. In addition, an increase in dehydroepiandrosterone was associated with a decrease in testosterone levels in the hypothalamus of GF mice. Our findings suggest that the absence of microbes affects the neuroactive steroids in the periphery and the brain, supporting the evidence of a microbiota-mediated modulation of neuroendocrine pathways involved in preserving host brain functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Diviccaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Valentina Caputi
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (V.C.); (J.M.L.); (S.M.O.)
| | - Lucia Cioffi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Silvia Giatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Joshua M. Lyte
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (V.C.); (J.M.L.); (S.M.O.)
- Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
| | - Siobhain M. O’Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland; (V.C.); (J.M.L.); (S.M.O.)
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, T12 ND89 Cork, Ireland
| | - Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy; (S.D.); (L.C.); (S.G.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-02-50318238; Fax: +39-02-50318202
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17
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Healy D, Bahrick A, Bak M, Barbato A, Calabrò RS, Chubak BM, Cosci F, Csoka AB, D'Avanzo B, Diviccaro S, Giatti S, Goldstein I, Graf H, Hellstrom WJG, Irwig MS, Jannini EA, Janssen PKC, Khera M, Kumar MT, Le Noury J, Lew-Starowicz M, Linden DEJ, Lüning C, Mangin D, Melcangi RC, Rodríguez OWMAAS, Panicker JN, Patacchini A, Pearlman AM, Pukall CF, Raj S, Reisman Y, Rubin RS, Schreiber R, Shipko S, Vašečková B, Waraich A. Diagnostic criteria for enduring sexual dysfunction after treatment with antidepressants, finasteride and isotretinoin. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE 2021; 33:65-76. [PMID: 34719438 PMCID: PMC8925105 DOI: 10.3233/jrs-210023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND: A set of enduring conditions have been reported in the literature involving persistent sexual dysfunction after discontinuation of serotonin reuptake inhibiting antidepressants, 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors and isotretinoin. OBJECTIVE: To develop diagnostic criteria for post-SSRI sexual dysfunction (PSSD), persistent genital arousal disorder (PGAD) following serotonin reuptake inhibitors, post-finasteride syndrome (PFS) and post-retinoid sexual dysfunction (PRSD). METHODS: The original draft was designed using data from two published case series (Hogan et al., 2014 and Healy et al., 2018), which represent the largest public collections of data on these enduring conditions. It was further developed with the involvement of a multidisciplinary panel of experts. RESULTS: A set of criteria were agreed upon for each of the above conditions. Features of PSSD, PFS and PRSD commonly include decreased genital and orgasmic sensation, decreased sexual desire and erectile dysfunction. Ancillary non-sexual symptoms vary depending on the specific condition but can include emotional blunting and cognitive impairment. PGAD presents with an almost mirror image of unwanted sensations of genital arousal or irritability in the absence of sexual desire. A new term, post-SSRI asexuality, is introduced to describe a dampening of sexual interest and pleasure resulting from a pre-natal or pre-teen exposure to a serotonin reuptake inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS: These criteria will help in both clinical and research settings. As with all criteria, they will likely need modification in the light of developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Healy
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Audrey Bahrick
- University Counseling Service, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Maarten Bak
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,FACT, Mondriaan Mental Health, Maastricht/Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Angelo Barbato
- Unit for Quality of Care and Rights Promotion in Mental Health, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Barbara M Chubak
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fiammetta Cosci
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.,Clinical Pharmacopsychology Laboratory, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Antonei B Csoka
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Barbara D'Avanzo
- Unit for Quality of Care and Rights Promotion in Mental Health, IRCCS Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Diviccaro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Giatti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Irwin Goldstein
- Alvarado Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA.,San Diego Sexual Medicine, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Heiko Graf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Wayne J G Hellstrom
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Michael S Irwig
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Paddy K C Janssen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Toxicology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Hospital Pharmacy, VieCuri Medical Center, Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - Mohit Khera
- Department of Urology, Baylor School of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Joanna Le Noury
- North Wales Department of Psychological Medicine, Bangor, Wales, UK
| | - Michał Lew-Starowicz
- Department of Psychiatry, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - David E J Linden
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Celine Lüning
- Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany
| | - Dee Mangin
- Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Jalesh N Panicker
- Department of Uro-Neurology, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK.,Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Amy M Pearlman
- Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Health Care, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | | | - Sanjana Raj
- Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rachel S Rubin
- Department of Urology, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rudy Schreiber
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Barbora Vašečková
- Psychiatric Clinic, Slovak Medical University and University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
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18
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Saengmearnuparp T, Lojanapiwat B, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn S. The connection of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors to the development of depression. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112100. [PMID: 34479019 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent literature connects 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) with neuropsychiatric adverse effects. Several clinical studies have indicated that former 5-ARIs users had a higher incidence of depressive symptoms and neuropsychiatric side effects than non-users. However, the underlying mechanisms involved in the depression in former 5-ARIs patients, a condition known as "post finasteride syndrome (PFS)", are not thoroughly understood. This review aims to summarize and discuss the association between 5-ARIs and depression as well as possible mechanisms. We used PubMed search terms including "depression", "depressive symptoms", "MDD", "anxiety", or "suicidal idea", and "5-alpha reductase inhibitors", "finasteride", "dutasteride", "5-ARIs". All relevant articles from in vivo and clinical studies from 2002 to 2021 were carefully reviewed. Any contradictory findings were included and debated. The potential mechanisms that link 5-ARIs and depression include alteration in neuroactive steroids, dopaminergic dysfunction, reduced hippocampal neurogenesis, increased neuroinflammation, alteration of the HPA axis, and epigenetic modifications. From this review, we hope to provide information for future studies based on animal experiments, and potential therapeutic strategies for depressive patients with PFS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bannakij Lojanapiwat
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
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19
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Yuan X, Wang Y, Li X, Jiang J, Kang Y, Pang L, Zhang P, Li A, Lv L, Andreassen OA, Fan X, Hu S, Song X. Gut microbial biomarkers for the treatment response in first-episode, drug-naïve schizophrenia: a 24-week follow-up study. Transl Psychiatry 2021; 11:422. [PMID: 34376634 PMCID: PMC8355081 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-021-01531-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical studies have shown that the gut microbiota can play a role in schizophrenia (SCH) pathogenesis via the gut-brain axis. However, its role in the antipsychotic treatment response is unclear. Here, we present a 24-week follow-up study to identify gut microbial biomarkers for SCH diagnosis and treatment response, using a sample of 107 first-episode, drug-naïve SCH patients, and 107 healthy controls (HCs). We collected biological samples at baseline (all participants) and follow-up time points after risperidone treatment (SCH patients). Treatment response was assessed using the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale total (PANSS-T) score. False discovery rate was used to correct for multiple testing. We found that SCH patients showed lower α-diversity (the Shannon and Simpson's indices) compared to HCs at baseline (p = 1.21 × 10-9, 1.23 × 10-8, respectively). We also found a significant difference in β-diversity between SCH patients and HCs (p = 0.001). At baseline, using microbes that showed different abundance between patients and controls as predictors, a prediction model can distinguish patients from HCs with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.867. In SCH patients, after 24 weeks of risperidone treatment, we observed an increase of α-diversity toward the basal level of HCs. At the genus level, we observed decreased abundance of Lachnoclostridium (p = 0.019) and increased abundance Romboutsia (p = 0.067). Moreover, the treatment response in SCH patients was significantly associated with the basal levels of Lachnoclostridium and Romboutsia (p = 0.005 and 0.006, respectively). Our results suggest that SCH patients may present characteristic microbiota, and certain microbiota biomarkers may predict treatment response in this patient population.
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Grants
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- Zhong yuan Innovation Leading Talents of the Thousand Talents Plan (204200510019), Medical science and technology foundation of health and family planning commission of Henan province (SBGJ201808 to X-QS), Project for Science and Technology Innovation Teams in Universities of Henan Province (21IRTSTHN027). School and Hospital Co-incubation Funds of Zhengzhou University (No. 2017-BSTDJJ-04 to X-QS), and UiO: Lifesciences Convergence environment, University of Oslo, Norway (project 4MENT to YW, OAA), and Research Council of Norway (#223273; #302854).
- UiO: Lifesciences Convergence environment, University of Oslo, Norway (project 4MENT to YW, OAA), and Research Council of Norway (#223273).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxia Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Biological Psychiatry International Joint Laboratory of Henan/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Psychiatric Transformation Research Key Laboratory/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunpeng Wang
- Centre for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition (LCBC), Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Forskningsveien 3A, 0373, Oslo, Norway
| | - Xue Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Biological Psychiatry International Joint Laboratory of Henan/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Psychiatric Transformation Research Key Laboratory/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiajun Jiang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Kang
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Institute of Environmental Information, Beijing, China
| | - Lijuan Pang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Biological Psychiatry International Joint Laboratory of Henan/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Psychiatric Transformation Research Key Laboratory/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peifen Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ang Li
- Henan Gene Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Luxian Lv
- Henan Province Mental Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital/ Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research (NORMENT), Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, and Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, 0450, Oslo, Norway
| | - Xiaoduo Fan
- Psychotic Disorders Program, UMass Memorial Medical Center/University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Shaohua Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Xueqin Song
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Biological Psychiatry International Joint Laboratory of Henan/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
- Henan Psychiatric Transformation Research Key Laboratory/Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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