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Esberg A, Kindstedt E, Isehed C, Lindquist S, Holmlund A, Lundberg P. LIGHT protein: A novel gingival crevicular fluid biomarker associated with increased probing depth after periodontal surgery. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:852-862. [PMID: 38390754 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the protein profiles in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in relation to clinical outcomes after periodontal surgery and examine if any selected proteins affect the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in human gingival fibroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS This exploratory study included 21 consecutive patients with periodontitis. GCF was collected, and the protein pattern (n = 92) and clinical parameters were evaluated prior to surgery and 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery. Fibroblastic gene expression was analysed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Surgical treatment reduced periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and changed the GCF protein pattern. Twelve months after surgery, 17% of the pockets showed an increase in PPD. Levels of a number of proteins in the GCF decreased after surgical treatment but increased with early signs of tissue destruction, with LIGHT being one of the proteins that showed the strongest association. Furthermore, LIGHT up-regulated the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and MMP9 in human gingival fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS LIGHT can potentially detect subjects at high risk of periodontitis recurrence after surgical treatment. Moreover, LIGHT induces the expression of inflammatory cytokines and tissue-degrading enzymes in gingival fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Esberg
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Elin Kindstedt
- Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Catrine Isehed
- Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Periodontology, Public Dental Health County Council of Gävleborg, Gävle County Hospital, Gävle, Sweden
- Center for Research and Development, Uppsala University/Region Gävleborg, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Susanne Lindquist
- Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Anders Holmlund
- Department of Periodontology, Public Dental Health County Council of Gävleborg, Gävle County Hospital, Gävle, Sweden
- Center for Research and Development, Uppsala University/Region Gävleborg, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Lundberg
- Department of Molecular Periodontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Madeo SF, Zagaroli L, Vandelli S, Calcaterra V, Crinò A, De Sanctis L, Faienza MF, Fintini D, Guazzarotti L, Licenziati MR, Mozzillo E, Pajno R, Scarano E, Street ME, Wasniewska M, Bocchini S, Bucolo C, Buganza R, Chiarito M, Corica D, Di Candia F, Francavilla R, Fratangeli N, Improda N, Morabito LA, Mozzato C, Rossi V, Schiavariello C, Farello G, Iughetti L, Salpietro V, Salvatoni A, Giordano M, Grugni G, Delvecchio M. Endocrine features of Prader-Willi syndrome: a narrative review focusing on genotype-phenotype correlation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1382583. [PMID: 38737552 PMCID: PMC11082343 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1382583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic disorder caused by three different types of molecular genetic abnormalities. The most common defect is a deletion on the paternal 15q11-q13 chromosome, which is seen in about 60% of individuals. The next most common abnormality is maternal disomy 15, found in around 35% of cases, and a defect in the imprinting center that controls the activity of certain genes on chromosome 15, seen in 1-3% of cases. Individuals with PWS typically experience issues with the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, leading to excessive hunger (hyperphagia), severe obesity, various endocrine disorders, and intellectual disability. Differences in physical and behavioral characteristics between patients with PWS due to deletion versus those with maternal disomy are discussed in literature. Patients with maternal disomy tend to have more frequent neurodevelopmental problems, such as autistic traits and behavioral issues, and generally have higher IQ levels compared to those with deletion of the critical PWS region. This has led us to review the pertinent literature to investigate the possibility of establishing connections between the genetic abnormalities and the endocrine disorders experienced by PWS patients, in order to develop more targeted diagnostic and treatment protocols. In this review, we will review the current state of clinical studies focusing on endocrine disorders in individuals with PWS patients, with a specific focus on the various genetic causes. We will look at topics such as neonatal anthropometry, thyroid issues, adrenal problems, hypogonadism, bone metabolism abnormalities, metabolic syndrome resulting from severe obesity caused by hyperphagia, deficiencies in the GH/IGF-1 axis, and the corresponding responses to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona F. Madeo
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatric Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Zagaroli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Sara Vandelli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mother, Children and Adults, Post-Graduate School of Pediatrics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonino Crinò
- Center for Rare Diseases and Congenital Defects, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa De Sanctis
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Regina Margherita Children Hospital – Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Felicia Faienza
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Danilo Fintini
- Prader Willi Reference Center, Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Pediatric University Department, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Guazzarotti
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Licenziati
- Neuro-endocrine Diseases and Obesity Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Enza Mozzillo
- Department of Translational and Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Pajno
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Emanuela Scarano
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria E. Street
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University Hospital of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Malgorzata Wasniewska
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Pediatric Unit, Gaetano Martino University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sarah Bocchini
- Prader Willi Reference Center, Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Pediatric University Department, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmen Bucolo
- Pediatric Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele Buganza
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Regina Margherita Children Hospital – Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Mariangela Chiarito
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Corica
- Department of Human Pathology of Adulthood and Childhood, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Pediatric Unit, Gaetano Martino University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesca Di Candia
- Department of Translational and Medical Science, Section of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Nadia Fratangeli
- Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Verbania, Italy
| | - Nicola Improda
- Neuro-endocrine Diseases and Obesity Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Santobono-Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Mozzato
- Child and Women Health Department, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Virginia Rossi
- Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children’s Hospital, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Farello
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Public Health, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Iughetti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Mother, Children and Adults, Pediatric Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Salpietro
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Mara Giordano
- Laboratory of Genetics, Struttura Complessa a Direzione Universitaria (SCDU) Biochimica Clinica, Ospedale Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Graziano Grugni
- Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Verbania, Italy
| | - Maurizio Delvecchio
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L’Aquila, L’Aquila, Italy
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Oranger A, Colaianni G, Ingravallo G, Scarcella VS, Faienza MF, Grano M, Colucci S, Brunetti G. LIGHT/TNFSF14 Affects Adipose Tissue Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:716. [PMID: 38255789 PMCID: PMC10815871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
LIGHT/TNFSF14 is linked to several signaling pathways as a crucial member of a larger immunoregulatory network. It is primarily expressed in inflammatory effector cells, and high levels of LIGHT have been reported in obesity. Thus, with the aim of deepening the knowledge of the role of LIGHT on adipose tissue phenotype, we studied wild-type (WT), Tnfsf14-/-, Rag-/- and Rag-/Tnfsf14- (DKO) mice fed a normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HFD). Our results show that, although there is no significant weight gain between the mice with different genotypes, it is significant within each of them. We also detected an increase in visceral White Adipose Tissue (vWAT) weight in all mice fed HFD, together with the lowest levels of vWAT weight in Tnfsf14-/- and DKO mice fed ND with respect to the other strain. Inguinal WAT (iWAT) weight is significantly affected by genotype and HFD. The least amount of iWAT was detected in DKO mice fed ND. Histological analysis of vWAT showed that both the genotype and the diet significantly affect the adipocyte area, whereas the number is affected only by the genotype. In iWAT, the genotype and the diet significantly affect mean adipocyte area and number; interestingly, the area with the least adipocyte was detected in DKO mice fed ND, suggesting a potential browning effect due to the simultaneous lack of mature lymphocytes and LIGHT. Consistently, Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) staining of iWAT demonstrated that few positive brown adipocytes appeared in DKO mice. Furthermore, LIGHT deficiency is associated with greater levels of UCP1, highlighting the lack of its expression in Rag-/- mice. Liver examination showed that all mice fed HFD had a steatotic liver, but it was particularly evident for DKO mice. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the adipose tissue phenotype is affected by LIGHT levels but also much more by mature lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Oranger
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.O.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Graziana Colaianni
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.O.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.I.); (V.S.S.)
| | - Vincenza Sara Scarcella
- Section of Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.I.); (V.S.S.)
| | - Maria Felicia Faienza
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Grano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.O.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Silvia Colucci
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giacomina Brunetti
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
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