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Nagagata BA, Brito G, Ornellas F, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA, Aguila MB. Melatonin supplementation in obese mothers reduces hypothalamic inflammation and enhances thermogenesis in mice progeny. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 128:109625. [PMID: 38521130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2024.109625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Maternal obesity might induce obesity and metabolic alterations in the progeny. The study aimed to determine the effect of supplementing obese mothers with Mel (Mel) on thermogenesis and inflammation. C57BL/6 female mice (mothers) were fed from weaning to 12 weeks control diet (C, 17% kJ as fat) or a high-fat diet (HF, 49% kJ as fat) and then matted with male mice fed the control diet. Melatonin (10 mg/kg daily) was supplemented to mothers during gestation and lactation, forming the groups C, CMel, HF, and HFMel (n = 10/group). Twelve-week male offspring were studied (plasma biochemistry, immunohistochemistry, protein, and gene expressions at the hypothalamus - Hyp, subcutaneous white adipose tissue - sWAT, and interscapular brown adipose tissue - iBAT). Comparing HFMel vs. HF offspring, fat deposits and plasmatic proinflammatory markers decreased. Also, HFMel showed decreased Hyp proinflammatory markers and neuropeptide Y (anabolic) expression but improved proopiomelanocortin (catabolic) expression. Besides, HFMel sWAT adipocytes changed to a beige phenotype with-beta-3 adrenergic receptor and uncoupling protein-1 activation, concomitant with browning genes activation, triggering the iBAT thermogenic activity. In conclusion, compelling evidence indicated the beneficial effects of supplementing obese mothers with Mel on the health of their mature male offspring. Mel led to sWAT browning-related gene enhancement, increased iBAT thermogenis, and mitigated hypothalamic inflammation. Also, principal component analysis of the data significantly separated the untreated obese mother progeny from the progeny of treated obese mothers. If confirmed in humans, the findings encourage a future guideline recommending Mel supplementation during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda A Nagagata
- Metabolism section, Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Nutrition section, Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle Brito
- Metabolism section, Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos A Mandarim-de-Lacerda
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Marcia Barbosa Aguila
- Laboratory of Morphometry, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Disease, Biomedical Center, Institute of Biology, The University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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2
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Wang L, Lei Z, Zhang G, Cheng Y, Zhong M, Zhang G, Hu S. Olodaterol promotes thermogenesis in brown adipocytes via regulation of the β2-AR/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 703:149689. [PMID: 38382361 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The escalating incidence of metabolic pathologies such as obesity and diabetes mellitus underscores the imperative for innovative therapeutics targeting lipid metabolism modulation. Within this context, augmenting thermogenic processes in adipose cells emerges as a viable therapeutic approach. Given the limitations of previous β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) agonist treatments in human diseases, there is an increasing focus on therapies targeting the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR). Olodaterol (OLO) is a potent β2-AR agonist that is a potential novel pharmacological candidate in this area. Our study explores the role and underlying mechanisms of OLO in enhancing brown adipose thermogenesis, providing robust evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies. OLO demonstrated a dose-dependent enhancement of lipolysis, notably increasing the expression of Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) and raising the rate of oxygen consumption in primary brown adipocytes. This suggests a significant increase in thermogenic potential and energy expenditure. The administration of OLO to murine models noticeably enhanced cold-induced nonshivering thermogenesis. OLO elevated UCP1 expression in the brown adipose tissue of mice. Furthermore, it promoted brown adipocyte thermogenesis by activating the β2-AR/cAMP/PKA signaling cascades according to RNA sequencing, western blotting, and molecular docking analysis. This investigation underscores the therapeutic potential of OLO for metabolic ailments and sheds light on the intricate molecular dynamics of adipocyte thermogenesis, laying the groundwork for future targeted therapeutic interventions in human metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Zhaobin Lei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Guanjie Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Mingwei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Guangyong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Sanyuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, 250014, China.
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Gaudry MJ, Khudyakov J, Pirard L, Debier C, Crocker D, Crichton PG, Jastroch M. Terrestrial Birth and Body Size Tune UCP1 Functionality in Seals. Mol Biol Evol 2024; 41:msae075. [PMID: 38606905 PMCID: PMC11050727 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msae075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The molecular evolution of the mammalian heater protein UCP1 is a powerful biomarker to understand thermoregulatory strategies during species radiation into extreme climates, such as aquatic life with high thermal conductivity. While fully aquatic mammals lost UCP1, most semiaquatic seals display intact UCP1 genes, apart from large elephant seals. Here, we show that UCP1 thermogenic activity of the small-bodied harbor seal is equally potent compared to terrestrial orthologs, emphasizing its importance for neonatal survival on land. In contrast, elephant seal UCP1 does not display thermogenic activity, not even when translating a repaired or a recently highlighted truncated version. Thus, the thermogenic benefits for neonatal survival during terrestrial birth in semiaquatic pinnipeds maintained evolutionary selection pressure on UCP1 function and were only outweighed by extreme body sizes among elephant seals, fully eliminating UCP1-dependent thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Gaudry
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jane Khudyakov
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Pacific, Stockton, CA, USA
| | - Laura Pirard
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Cathy Debier
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Daniel Crocker
- Department of Biology, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA, USA
| | - Paul G Crichton
- Biomedical Research Centre, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Martin Jastroch
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Yu X, Benitez G, Wei PT, Krylova SV, Song Z, Liu L, Zhang M, Xiaoli AM, Wei H, Chen F, Sidoli S, Yang F, Shinoda K, Pessin JE, Feng D. Involution of brown adipose tissue through a Syntaxin 4 dependent pyroptosis pathway. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2856. [PMID: 38565851 PMCID: PMC10987578 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging, chronic high-fat diet feeding, or housing at thermoneutrality induces brown adipose tissue (BAT) involution, a process characterized by reduction of BAT mass and function with increased lipid droplet size. Single nuclei RNA sequencing of aged mice identifies a specific brown adipocyte population of Ucp1-low cells that are pyroptotic and display a reduction in the longevity gene syntaxin 4 (Stx4a). Similar to aged brown adipocytes, Ucp1-STX4KO mice display loss of brown adipose tissue mass and thermogenic dysfunction concomitant with increased pyroptosis. Restoration of STX4 expression or suppression of pyroptosis activation protects against the decline in both mass and thermogenic activity in the aged and Ucp1-STX4KO mice. Mechanistically, STX4 deficiency reduces oxidative phosphorylation, glucose uptake, and glycolysis leading to reduced ATP levels, a known triggering signal for pyroptosis. Together, these data demonstrate an understanding of rapid brown adipocyte involution and that physiologic aging and thermogenic dysfunction result from pyroptotic signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Yu
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Gabrielle Benitez
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Peter Tszki Wei
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Sofia V Krylova
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Ziyi Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Meifan Zhang
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA
| | - Alus M Xiaoli
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Henna Wei
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Fenfen Chen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650244, China
| | - Simone Sidoli
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Fajun Yang
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Kosaku Shinoda
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Pessin
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA
| | - Daorong Feng
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
- Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA.
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Chen N, Zhao M, Wu N, Guo Y, Cao B, Zhan B, Li Y, Zhou T, Zhu F, Guo C, Shi Y, Wang Q, Li Y, Zhang L. ACSS2 controls PPARγ activity homeostasis to potentiate adipose-tissue plasticity. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:479-496. [PMID: 38332049 PMCID: PMC11043345 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01262-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The appropriate transcriptional activity of PPARγ is indispensable for controlling inflammation, tumor and obesity. Therefore, the identification of key switch that couples PPARγ activation with degradation to sustain its activity homeostasis is extremely important. Unexpectedly, we here show that acetyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 2 (ACSS2) critically controls PPARγ activity homeostasis via SIRT1 to enhance adipose plasticity via promoting white adipose tissues beiging and brown adipose tissues thermogenesis. Mechanistically, ACSS2 binds directly acetylated PPARγ in the presence of ligand and recruits SIRT1 and PRDM16 to activate UCP1 expression. In turn, SIRT1 triggers ACSS2 translocation from deacetylated PPARγ to P300 and thereafter induces PPARγ polyubiquitination and degradation. Interestingly, D-mannose rapidly activates ACSS2-PPARγ-UCP1 axis to resist high fat diet induced obesity in mice. We thus reveal a novel ACSS2 function in coupling PPARγ activation with degradation via SIRT1 and suggest D-mannose as a novel adipose plasticity regulator via ACSS2 to prevent obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuo Chen
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yaxin Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Baihui Cao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bing Zhan
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yubin Li
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Faliang Zhu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chun Guo
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yongyu Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Lining Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Rahbani JF, Bunk J, Lagarde D, Samborska B, Roesler A, Xiao H, Shaw A, Kaiser Z, Braun JL, Geromella MS, Fajardo VA, Koza RA, Kazak L. Parallel control of cold-triggered adipocyte thermogenesis by UCP1 and CKB. Cell Metab 2024; 36:526-540.e7. [PMID: 38272036 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
That uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is the sole mediator of adipocyte thermogenesis is a conventional viewpoint that has primarily been inferred from the attenuation of the thermogenic output of mice genetically lacking Ucp1 from birth (germline Ucp1-/-). However, germline Ucp1-/- mice harbor secondary changes within brown adipose tissue. To mitigate these potentially confounding ancillary changes, we constructed mice with inducible adipocyte-selective Ucp1 disruption. We find that, although germline Ucp1-/- mice succumb to cold-induced hypothermia with complete penetrance, most mice with the inducible deletion of Ucp1 maintain homeothermy in the cold. However, inducible adipocyte-selective co-deletion of Ucp1 and creatine kinase b (Ckb, an effector of UCP1-independent thermogenesis) exacerbates cold intolerance. Following UCP1 deletion or UCP1/CKB co-deletion from mature adipocytes, moderate cold exposure triggers the regeneration of mature brown adipocytes that coordinately restore UCP1 and CKB expression. Our findings suggest that thermogenic adipocytes utilize non-paralogous protein redundancy-through UCP1 and CKB-to promote cold-induced energy dissipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janane F Rahbani
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Jakub Bunk
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Damien Lagarde
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Bozena Samborska
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Anna Roesler
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Haopeng Xiao
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Abhirup Shaw
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada
| | - Zafir Kaiser
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jessica L Braun
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Mia S Geromella
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Val A Fajardo
- Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON L2S 3A1, Canada
| | - Robert A Koza
- MaineHealth Institute for Research, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA
| | - Lawrence Kazak
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A3, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada.
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Stanic S, Bardova K, Janovska P, Rossmeisl M, Kopecky J, Zouhar P. Prolonged FGF21 treatment increases energy expenditure and induces weight loss in obese mice independently of UCP1 and adrenergic signaling. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116042. [PMID: 38325495 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) reduces body weight, which was attributed to induced energy expenditure (EE). Conflicting data have been published on the role of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in this effect. Therefore, we aimed to revisit the thermoregulatory effects of FGF21 and their implications for body weight regulation. We found that an 8-day treatment with FGF21 lowers body weight to similar extent in both wildtype (WT) and UCP1-deficient (KO) mice fed high-fat diet. In WT mice, this effect is solely due to increased EE, associated with a strong activation of UCP1 and with excess heat dissipated through the tail. This thermogenesis takes place in the interscapular region and can be attenuated by a β-adrenergic inhibitor propranolol. In KO mice, FGF21-induced weight loss correlates with a modest increase in EE, which is independent of adrenergic signaling, and with a reduced energy intake. Interestingly, the gene expression profile of interscapular brown adipose tissue (but not subcutaneous white adipose tissue) of KO mice is massively affected by FGF21, as shown by increased expression of genes encoding triacylglycerol/free fatty acid cycle enzymes. Thus, FGF21 elicits central thermogenic and pyretic effects followed by a concomitant increase in EE and body temperature, respectively. The associated weight loss is strongly dependent on UCP1-based thermogenesis. However, in the absence of UCP1, alternative mechanisms of energy dissipation may contribute, possibly based on futile triacylglycerol/free fatty acid cycling in brown adipose tissue and reduced food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Stanic
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Vinicna 7, Prague 128 44, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Bardova
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Janovska
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Rossmeisl
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecky
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Zouhar
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, Prague 142 00, Czech Republic.
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8
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Pravednikova AE, Nikitich A, Witkowicz A, Karabon L, Flouris AD, Vliora M, Nintou E, Dinas PC, Szulińska M, Bogdański P, Metsios GS, Kerchev VV, Yepiskoposyan L, Bylino OV, Larina SN, Shulgin B, Shidlovskii YV. Genotypes of the UCP1 gene polymorphisms and cardiometabolic diseases: A multifactorial study of association with disease probability. Biochimie 2024; 218:162-173. [PMID: 37863280 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are complex disorders with a heterogenous phenotype, which are caused by multiple factors including genetic factors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs45539933 (p.Ala64Thr), rs10011540 (c.-112A>C), rs3811791 (c.-1766A>G), and rs1800592 (c.-3826A>G) in the UCP1 gene have been analyzed for association with CMDs in many studies providing controversial results. However, previous studies only considered individual UCP1 SNPs and did not evaluate them in an integrated manner, which is a more powerful approach to uncover genetic component of complex diseases. This study aimed to investigate associations between UCP1 genotype combinations and CMDs or CMD risk factors in the context of non-genetic factors. We performed multiple logistic regression analysis and proposed new methodology of testing different combinations of SNP genotypes. We found that probability of CMDs increased in presence of the three-SNP combination of genotypes with minor alleles of c.-3826A>G and p.Ala64Thr and wild allele of c.-112A>C, with increasing age, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%) and may differ between sexes and between countries. The combination of genotypes with c.-3826A>G minor allele and wild homozygotes of c.-112A>C and p.Ala64Thr was associated with increased probability of diabetes. While combination of genotypes with minor alleles of all three SNPs reduced the CMD probability. The present results suggest that age, BMI, sex, and UCP1 three-SNP combinations of genotypes significantly contribute to CMD probability. Varying of c.-112A>C alleles in the genotype combination with minor alleles of c.-3826A>G and p.Ala64Thr markedly changes CMD probability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Pravednikova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Antonina Nikitich
- Center for Mathematical Modeling in Drug Development, Institute of Biodesign and Complex Systems Modeling, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Agata Witkowicz
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Karabon
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andreas D Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Maria Vliora
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Eleni Nintou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Monika Szulińska
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - George S Metsios
- School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Victor V Kerchev
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Department of Biology and General Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Levon Yepiskoposyan
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genomics, Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Oleg V Bylino
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana N Larina
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Department of Biology and General Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Shulgin
- Center for Mathematical Modeling in Drug Development, Institute of Biodesign and Complex Systems Modeling, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia; Department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Mathematical Modeling, Institute of Computer Science and Mathematical Modeling, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulii V Shidlovskii
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Department of Biology and General Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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9
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Naren Q, Lindsund E, Bokhari MH, Pang W, Petrovic N. Differential responses to UCP1 ablation in classical brown versus beige fat, despite a parallel increase in sympathetic innervation. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:105760. [PMID: 38367663 PMCID: PMC10944106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.105760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In the cold, the absence of the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) results in hyper-recruitment of beige fat, but classical brown fat becomes atrophied. Here we examine possible mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. We confirm that in brown fat from UCP1-knockout (UCP1-KO) mice acclimated to the cold, the levels of mitochondrial respiratory chain proteins were diminished; however, in beige fat, the mitochondria seemed to be unaffected. The macrophages that accumulated massively not only in brown fat but also in beige fat of the UCP1-KO mice acclimated to cold did not express tyrosine hydroxylase, the norepinephrine transporter (NET) and monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A). Consequently, they could not influence the tissues through the synthesis or degradation of norepinephrine. Unexpectedly, in the cold, both brown and beige adipocytes from UCP1-KO mice acquired an ability to express MAO-A. Adipose tissue norepinephrine was exclusively of sympathetic origin, and sympathetic innervation significantly increased in both tissues of UCP1-KO mice. Importantly, the magnitude of sympathetic innervation and the expression levels of genes induced by adrenergic stimulation were much higher in brown fat. Therefore, we conclude that no qualitative differences in innervation or macrophage character could explain the contrasting reactions of brown versus beige adipose tissues to UCP1-ablation. Instead, these contrasting responses may be explained by quantitative differences in sympathetic innervation: the beige adipose depot from the UCP1-KO mice responded to cold acclimation in a canonical manner and displayed enhanced recruitment, while the atrophy of brown fat lacking UCP1 may be seen as a consequence of supraphysiological adrenergic stimulation in this tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimuge Naren
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China; Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erik Lindsund
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Muhammad Hamza Bokhari
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Weijun Pang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
| | - Natasa Petrovic
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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10
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Li T, Wu M, Tian J, Li Y, Li Z. Effect of Electroacupuncture Stimulation on Brown Adipose Tissue Thermogenesis. J Acupunct Meridian Stud 2024; 17:1-11. [PMID: 38409809 DOI: 10.51507/j.jams.2024.17.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background : Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a unique thermogenic tissue in mammals mediated by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). The energy generated by glucose and triglyceride metabolism is released and transmitted throughout the body as heat. Understanding the factors influencing BAT function is crucial to determine its metabolic significance and effects on overall health. Although studies have shown that electroacupuncture (EA) at specific acupoints (e.g., ST36) can stimulate BAT, its effects at other acupoints are not well understood. Further research is needed to investigate the potential effects of EA at these acupoints and their association with BAT activation. Objectives : This study aimed to investigate the effects of EA at the GV20 and EX-HN3 acupoints. Specifically, the effects of EA on BAT thermogenesis were analyzed by infrared thermography, western blotting, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods : A total of 12 C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into the EA and control groups. The EA group received EA at GV20 and EX-HN3 for 20 min once daily for 14 days. The control group underwent the same procedure but without EA. The core body temperature was monitored. Infrared thermal images of the back of each mouse in both groups were captured. BAT samples were collected after euthanasia to analyze UCP1 protein and UCP1 mRNA. Results : The average skin temperature in the scapular region of the EA group was increased by 1.1℃ compared with that of the C group (p < 0.05). Additionally, the average temperature along the governor vessel in the EA group was increased by 1.6℃ (p = 0.045). EA significantly increased the expression of UCP1 protein (p = 0.001) and UCP1 mRNA (p = 0.002) in BAT, suggesting a potential link between EA and BAT thermogenesis. Conclusion : EA induced BAT thermogenesis, suggesting GV20 and EX-HN3 as potential acupoints for BAT stimulation. The experimental results also highlighted unique meridian characteristics as demonstrated by elevated skin temperature along the governor vessel in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Wu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Junjian Tian
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yitong Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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11
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Castellá M, Mestres-Arenas A, Gavaldà-Navarro A, Blasco-Roset A, Quesada-López T, Romero-Carramiñana I, Giralt M, Villarroya F, Cereijo R. The splicing factor SF3B1 is involved in brown adipocyte thermogenic activation. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:116014. [PMID: 38158020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.116014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The ability of alternative splicing mechanisms to control gene expression is increasingly being recognized as relevant for adipose tissue function. The expression of SF3B1, a key component of the SF3B complex directly involved in spliceosome formation, was previously reported to be significantly induced in brown adipose tissue under cold-induced thermogenic activation. Here, we identify that noradrenergic cAMP-mediated thermogenic stimulation increases SF3B1 expression in brown and beige adipocytes. We further show that pladienolide-B, a drug that binds SF3B1 to inhibit pre-mRNA splicing by targeting the SF3B complex, down-regulates key components of the thermogenic machinery (e.g., UCP1 gene expression), differentially alters the expression of alternative splicing-regulated transcripts encoding molecular actors involved in the oxidative metabolism of brown adipocytes (e.g., peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator-alpha [PGC-1α] and cytochrome oxidase subunit 7a genes), and impairs the respiratory activity of brown adipocytes. Similar alterations were found in brown adipocytes with siRNA-mediated knockdown of SF3B1 protein levels. Our findings collectively indicate that SF3B1 is a key factor in the appropriate thermogenic activation of differentiated brown adipocytes. This work exemplifies the importance of splicing processes in adaptive thermogenesis and suggests that pharmacological tools, such as pladienolide-B, may be used to modulate brown adipocyte thermogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Castellá
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Mestres-Arenas
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Blasco-Roset
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tania Quesada-López
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB-SANT PAU), and Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inés Romero-Carramiñana
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM); Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) ISCIII, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Giralt
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rubén Cereijo
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB); and Institut de Recerca de Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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12
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De Leonardis F, Ahmed A, Vozza A, Capobianco L, Riley CL, Barile SN, Di Molfetta D, Tiziani S, DiGiovanni J, Palmieri L, Dolce V, Fiermonte G. Human mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 functions as a metabolite transporter. FEBS Lett 2024; 598:338-346. [PMID: 38058167 PMCID: PMC10922436 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Since its discovery, a major debate about mitochondrial uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) has been whether its metabolic actions result primarily from mitochondrial inner membrane proton transport, a process that decreases respiratory efficiency and ATP synthesis. However, UCP3 expression and activity are induced by conditions that would seem at odds with inefficient 'uncoupled' respiration, including fasting and exercise. Here, we demonstrate that the bacterially expressed human UCP3, reconstituted into liposomes, catalyses a strict exchange of aspartate, malate, sulphate and phosphate. The R282Q mutation abolishes the transport activity of the protein. Although the substrate specificity and inhibitor sensitivity of UCP3 display similarity with that of its close homolog UCP2, the two proteins significantly differ in their transport mode and kinetic constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco De Leonardis
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Amer Ahmed
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Angelo Vozza
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Loredana Capobianco
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies, University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Christopher L. Riley
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - Simona Nicole Barile
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Daria Di Molfetta
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Tiziani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX. USA
| | - Luigi Palmieri
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenza Dolce
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Fiermonte
- Department of Bioscience, Biotechnology and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
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13
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Bjorkman SH, Marti A, Jena J, García-Peña LM, Weatherford ET, Kato K, Koneru J, Chen J, Sood A, Potthoff MJ, Adams CM, Abel ED, Pereira RO. ATF4 expression in thermogenic adipocytes is required for cold-induced thermogenesis in mice via FGF21-independent mechanisms. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1563. [PMID: 38238383 PMCID: PMC10796914 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
In brown adipose tissue (BAT), short-term cold exposure induces the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), and its downstream target fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). Induction of ATF4 in BAT in response to mitochondrial stress is required for thermoregulation, partially by increasing FGF21 expression. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that Atf4 and Fgf21 induction in BAT are both required for BAT thermogenesis under physiological stress by generating mice selectively lacking either Atf4 (ATF4 BKO) or Fgf21 (FGF21 BKO) in UCP1-expressing adipocytes. After 3 days of cold exposure, core body temperature was significantly reduced in ad-libitum-fed ATF4 BKO mice, which correlated with Fgf21 downregulation in brown and beige adipocytes, and impaired browning of white adipose tissue. Conversely, despite having reduced browning, FGF21 BKO mice had preserved core body temperature after cold exposure. Mechanistically, ATF4, but not FGF21, regulates amino acid import and metabolism in response to cold, likely contributing to BAT thermogenic capacity under ad libitum-fed conditions. Importantly, under fasting conditions, both ATF4 and FGF21 were required for thermogenesis in cold-exposed mice. Thus, ATF4 regulates BAT thermogenesis under fed conditions likely in a FGF21-independent manner, in part via increased amino acid uptake and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H Bjorkman
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, 4338 PBDB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Alex Marti
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, 4338 PBDB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jayashree Jena
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, 4338 PBDB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Luis Miguel García-Peña
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, 4338 PBDB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Eric T Weatherford
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, 4338 PBDB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Kevin Kato
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, 4338 PBDB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jivan Koneru
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, 4338 PBDB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Jason Chen
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, 4338 PBDB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Ayushi Sood
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, 4338 PBDB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Matthew J Potthoff
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, 4338 PBDB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Christopher M Adams
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, 4338 PBDB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - E Dale Abel
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, 4338 PBDB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Renata O Pereira
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, 4338 PBDB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
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14
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Oranger A, Colaianni G, Ingravallo G, Scarcella VS, Faienza MF, Grano M, Colucci S, Brunetti G. LIGHT/TNFSF14 Affects Adipose Tissue Phenotype. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:716. [PMID: 38255789 PMCID: PMC10815871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
LIGHT/TNFSF14 is linked to several signaling pathways as a crucial member of a larger immunoregulatory network. It is primarily expressed in inflammatory effector cells, and high levels of LIGHT have been reported in obesity. Thus, with the aim of deepening the knowledge of the role of LIGHT on adipose tissue phenotype, we studied wild-type (WT), Tnfsf14-/-, Rag-/- and Rag-/Tnfsf14- (DKO) mice fed a normal diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HFD). Our results show that, although there is no significant weight gain between the mice with different genotypes, it is significant within each of them. We also detected an increase in visceral White Adipose Tissue (vWAT) weight in all mice fed HFD, together with the lowest levels of vWAT weight in Tnfsf14-/- and DKO mice fed ND with respect to the other strain. Inguinal WAT (iWAT) weight is significantly affected by genotype and HFD. The least amount of iWAT was detected in DKO mice fed ND. Histological analysis of vWAT showed that both the genotype and the diet significantly affect the adipocyte area, whereas the number is affected only by the genotype. In iWAT, the genotype and the diet significantly affect mean adipocyte area and number; interestingly, the area with the least adipocyte was detected in DKO mice fed ND, suggesting a potential browning effect due to the simultaneous lack of mature lymphocytes and LIGHT. Consistently, Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) staining of iWAT demonstrated that few positive brown adipocytes appeared in DKO mice. Furthermore, LIGHT deficiency is associated with greater levels of UCP1, highlighting the lack of its expression in Rag-/- mice. Liver examination showed that all mice fed HFD had a steatotic liver, but it was particularly evident for DKO mice. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that the adipose tissue phenotype is affected by LIGHT levels but also much more by mature lymphocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Oranger
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.O.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Graziana Colaianni
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.O.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Ingravallo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.I.); (V.S.S.)
| | - Vincenza Sara Scarcella
- Section of Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (G.I.); (V.S.S.)
| | - Maria Felicia Faienza
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Grano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.O.); (G.C.); (M.G.)
| | - Silvia Colucci
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giacomina Brunetti
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
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15
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Cheung SWM, Yiu JHC, Chin KTC, Cai J, Xu A, Wong CM, Woo CW. Content of stress granules reveals a sex difference at the early phase of cold exposure in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E29-E37. [PMID: 37991452 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00317.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive thermogenesis is a vital physiological process for small endotherms. Female animals usually are more sensitive to cold temperature due to anatomical differences. Whether there is a sex difference at a molecular level is unclear. Stress granules (SGs) are dynamic organelles in which untranslated mRNAs reside during cellular stress. We hypothesize that the prompt response of SGs to cold stress can reveal the molecular difference between sexes. By analyzing the content in SGs of brown adipose tissue (BAT) at the early phase of cold stress for both sexes, we found more diverse mRNAs docked in the SGs in male mice and these mRNAs representing an extensive cellular reprogramming including apoptosis process and cold-induced thermogenesis. In female mice, the mRNAs in SGs dominantly were comprised of genes regulating ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis. Conversely, the proteome in SGs was commonly characterized as structure molecules and RNA processing for both sexes. A spectrum of eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) was detected in the SGs of both female and male BAT, while those remained unchanged upon cold stress in male mice, various eIF3 and eIF4G isoforms were found reduced in female mice. Taken together, the unique features in SGs of male BAT reflected a prompt uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) induction which was absent in female, and female, by contrast, were prepared for long-term transcriptional and translational adaptations.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The proteome analysis reveals that stress granules are the predominant form of cytosolic messenger ribonucleoproteins of brown adipose tissue (BAT) at the early phase of cold exposure in mice for both sexes. The transcriptome of stress granules of BAT unveils a sex difference of molecular response in early phase of cold exposure in mice, and such difference prepares for a prompt response to cold stress in male mice while for long-term adaptation in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samson W M Cheung
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Jensen H C Yiu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Karie T C Chin
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Jieling Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Ming Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Connie W Woo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China
- Micon Analytics, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Dakic T, Velickovic K, Lakic I, Ruzicic A, Milicevic A, Plackic N, Vujovic P, Jevdjovic T. Rat brown adipose tissue thermogenic markers are modulated by estrous cycle phases and short-term fasting. Biofactors 2024; 50:101-113. [PMID: 37482913 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) converts chemical energy into heat to maintain body temperature. Although fatty acids (FAs) represent a primary substrate for uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-dependent thermogenesis, BAT also utilizes glucose for the same purpose. Considering that estrous cycle effects on BAT are not greatly explored, we examined those of 6-h fasting on interscapular BAT (iBAT) thermogenic markers in proestrus and diestrus. We found that the percentage of multilocular adipocytes was lower in proestrus than in diestrus, although it was increased after fasting in both analyzed estrous cycle stages. Furthermore, the percentage of paucilocular adipocytes was increased by fasting, unlike the percentage of unilocular cells, which decreased in both analyzed stages of the estrous cycle. The UCP1 amount was lower in proestrus irrespectively of the examined dietary regimens. Regarding FA transporters, it was shown that iBAT CD36 content was increased in fasted rats in diestrus. In contrast to GLUT1, the level of GLUT4 was interactively modulated by selected estrous cycle phases and fasting. There was no change in insulin receptor and ERK1/2 activation, while AKT activation was interactively modulated by fasting and estrous cycle stages. Our study showed that iBAT exhibits morphological and functional changes in proestrus and diestrus. Moreover, iBAT undergoes additional dynamic functional and morphological changes during short-term fasting to modulate nutrient utilization and adjust energy expenditure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Dakic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ksenija Velickovic
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, Institute for Zoology, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Iva Lakic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Ruzicic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andjela Milicevic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Plackic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Predrag Vujovic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Jevdjovic
- Department for Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, Institute for Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty for Biology, Belgrade, Serbia
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17
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Yamashita Y, Takeuchi T, Endo Y, Goto A, Uno M, Sakaki S, Yamaguchi Y, Takenaka H, Yamashita H. The effect of Dunaliella tertiolecta supplementation on diet-induced obesity in UCP1-deficient mice. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2023; 88:16-25. [PMID: 37777845 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbad138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that dietary supplementation with Dunaliella tertiolecta (DT) increases uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and improves diet-induced obesity (DIO) in C57BL/6 J mice at thermoneutrality (30 °C). Here, we investigated whether DT improves DIO in a thermoneutral UCP1-deficient (KO) animal. KO mice were fed a high-fat diet supplemented with DT for 12 weeks. Compared to control group without DT, body weight was significantly reduced in DT group with no difference in food intake. Dunaliella tertiolecta-supplemented mice exhibited lower adiposity and well-maintained multilocular morphology in BAT, in which a significant increase in gene expression of PR domain containing 16 was detected in DT group compared to control group. Moreover, increase in UCP2 level and/or decrease in ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation were detected in adipose tissues of DT group relative to control group. These results suggest that DT supplementation improves DIO by stimulating UCP1-independent energy dissipation at thermoneutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Yamashita
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Tamaki Takeuchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Yuki Endo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Ayumi Goto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Misa Uno
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
| | - Setsuko Sakaki
- MAC Gifu Research Institute, MicroAlgae Corporation , Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuji Yamaguchi
- MAC Gifu Research Institute, MicroAlgae Corporation , Gifu, Japan
| | | | - Hitoshi Yamashita
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Japan
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18
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Gyurina K, Yarmak M, Sasi-Szabó L, Molnár S, Méhes G, Röszer T. Loss of Uncoupling Protein 1 Expression in the Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Predicts Childhood Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16706. [PMID: 38069028 PMCID: PMC10706300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of thermogenesis by inducing uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression in adipocytes is thought to promote weight loss by increasing energy expenditure, and it is postulated that the human newborn has thermogenic subcutaneous fat depots. However, it remains unclear whether a relevant number of UCP1-expressing (UCP1+) adipocytes exist in the early postnatal life. Here we studied the distribution of UCP1 and the expression of thermogenic genes in the subcutaneous adipose tissues of the human fetus, infant and child. We show that the deep layer of human fetal and neonatal subcutaneous fat, particularly the abdominal wall, is rich in UCP1+ adipocytes. These adipocytes develop in the late third trimester and persist throughout childhood, expressing a panel of genes linked to mitochondrial biogenesis and thermogenesis. During the early childhood adiposity rebound-a critical phase that determines obesity risk later in life-the absence of adipose tissue UCP1 expression in children with normal body mass index (BMI) correlates with an obesity-associated gene expression signature. Finally, UCP1 expression is negatively correlated with BMI z-score and adipocyte size in infants and children. Overall, our results show that the absence of UCP1 expression in adipose tissue is an early indicator of adipose tissue expansion in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Gyurina
- Institute and University Clinics of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary (L.S.-S.)
| | - Mariia Yarmak
- Institute and University Clinics of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary (L.S.-S.)
| | - László Sasi-Szabó
- Institute and University Clinics of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary (L.S.-S.)
| | - Sarolta Molnár
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (S.M.)
| | - Gábor Méhes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary; (S.M.)
| | - Tamás Röszer
- Institute and University Clinics of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary (L.S.-S.)
- Institute of Neurobiology, Ulm University, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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19
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Sun X, Sui W, Mu Z, Xie S, Deng J, Li S, Seki T, Wu J, Jing X, He X, Wang Y, Li X, Yang Y, Huang P, Ge M, Cao Y. Mirabegron displays anticancer effects by globally browning adipose tissues. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7610. [PMID: 37993438 PMCID: PMC10665320 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43350-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming in malignant cells is a hallmark of cancer that relies on augmented glycolytic metabolism to support their growth, invasion, and metastasis. However, the impact of global adipose metabolism on tumor growth and the drug development by targeting adipose metabolism remain largely unexplored. Here we show that a therapeutic paradigm of drugs is effective for treating various cancer types by browning adipose tissues. Mirabegron, a clinically available drug for overactive bladders, displays potent anticancer effects in various animal cancer models, including untreatable cancers such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma, via the browning of adipose tissues. Genetic deletion of the uncoupling protein 1, a key thermogenic protein in adipose tissues, ablates the anticancer effect. Similarly, the removal of brown adipose tissue, which is responsible for non-shivering thermogenesis, attenuates the anticancer activity of mirabegron. These findings demonstrate that mirabegron represents a paradigm of anticancer drugs with a distinct mechanism for the effective treatment of multiple cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Sun
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vison and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Wenhai Sui
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 250012, Jinan, China
| | - Zepeng Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sisi Xie
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinxiu Deng
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Sen Li
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Jieyu Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
| | - Xu Jing
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Center of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingkang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaokun Li
- Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vison and Brain Health), School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yunlong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Genetic Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ping Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Minghua Ge
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Center of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yihai Cao
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 65, Solna, Sweden.
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20
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Cero C, Shu W, Reese AL, Douglas D, Maddox M, Singh AP, Ali SL, Zhu AR, Katz JM, Pierce AE, Long KT, Nilubol N, Cypess RH, Jacobs JL, Tian F, Cypess AM. Standardized In Vitro Models of Human Adipose Tissue Reveal Metabolic Flexibility in Brown Adipocyte Thermogenesis. Endocrinology 2023; 164:bqad161. [PMID: 37944134 PMCID: PMC11032247 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqad161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Functional human brown and white adipose tissue (BAT and WAT) are vital for thermoregulation and nutritional homeostasis, while obesity and other stressors lead, respectively, to cold intolerance and metabolic disease. Understanding BAT and WAT physiology and dysfunction necessitates clinical trials complemented by mechanistic experiments at the cellular level. These require standardized in vitro models, currently lacking, that establish references for gene expression and function. We generated and characterized a pair of immortalized, clonal human brown (hBA) and white (hWA) preadipocytes derived from the perirenal and subcutaneous depots, respectively, of a 40-year-old male individual. Cells were immortalized with hTERT and confirmed to be of a mesenchymal, nonhematopoietic lineage based on fluorescence-activated cell sorting and DNA barcoding. Functional assessments showed that the hWA and hBA phenocopied primary adipocytes in terms of adrenergic signaling, lipolysis, and thermogenesis. Compared to hWA, hBA were metabolically distinct, with higher rates of glucose uptake and lactate metabolism, and greater basal, maximal, and nonmitochondrial respiration, providing a mechanistic explanation for the association between obesity and BAT dysfunction. The hBA also responded to the stress of maximal respiration by using both endogenous and exogenous fatty acids. In contrast to certain mouse models, hBA adrenergic thermogenesis was mediated by several mechanisms, not principally via uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). Transcriptomics via RNA-seq were consistent with the functional studies and established a molecular signature for each cell type before and after differentiation. These standardized cells are anticipated to become a common resource for future physiological, pharmacological, and genetic studies of human adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Cero
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Weiguo Shu
- American Type Culture Collection, Cell Biology R&D, 217 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Amy L Reese
- American Type Culture Collection, Sequencing and Bioinformatics Center, 10801 University Blvd, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Diana Douglas
- American Type Culture Collection, Cell Biology R&D, 217 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Michael Maddox
- American Type Culture Collection, Cell Biology R&D, 217 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
- Current Affiliation: Vita Therapeutics, 801 W. Baltimore Street, Suite 301, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Ajeet P Singh
- American Type Culture Collection, Sequencing and Bioinformatics Center, 10801 University Blvd, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Sahara L Ali
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Alexander R Zhu
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jacqueline M Katz
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Anne E Pierce
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kelly T Long
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Naris Nilubol
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, NIH, 10 Center Drive, Room 4-5952, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Raymond H Cypess
- American Type Culture Collection, 10801 University Blvd, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Jonathan L Jacobs
- American Type Culture Collection, Sequencing and Bioinformatics Center, 10801 University Blvd, Manassas, VA 20110, USA
| | - Fang Tian
- American Type Culture Collection, Cell Biology R&D, 217 Perry Parkway, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA
| | - Aaron M Cypess
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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21
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Tian D, Zeng X, Gong Y, Zheng Y, Zhang J, Wu Z. HDAC1 inhibits beige adipocyte-mediated thermogenesis through histone crotonylation of Pgc1a/Ucp1. Cell Signal 2023; 111:110875. [PMID: 37640195 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, one of the most serious public health issues, is caused by the imbalance of energy intake and energy expenditure. Increasing energy expenditure via induction of adipose tissue browning has become an appealing strategy to treat obesity and associated metabolic complications. Although histone modifications have been confirmed to regulate cellular energy metabolism, the involved biochemical mechanism of thermogenesis in adipose tissue is not completely understood. Herein, we report that class I histone deacetylases (HDAC) inhibitor MS275 increased PGC1α/UCP1 protein levels in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) concomitant with elevated energy expenditure, reduced obesity and ameliorated glucose tolerance compared to control littermates. H3K18cr and H3K18ac levels were elevated after MS275 treatment. MS275 also promoted the transcription of Pgc1α and Ucp1 by enhancing the enrichment of H3K18cr and H3K18ac in the Pgc1α/Ucp1 enhancer and promoter, with a notable increase in H3K18cr. Mechanistically, the deletion of Hdac1 in beige adipocyte increases H3K18cr levels in enhancers and promoters of Pgc1α and Ucp1 genes, regulated the chromosomal state, thereby affecting the transcription of Pgc1α/Ucp1. Taken together, HDAC1 inhibits beige adipocyte-mediated thermogenesis through histone crotonylation of Pgc1a/Ucp1. This finding may provide a therapeutic strategy through increasing energy expenditure in obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyuan Tian
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Xiaojiao Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Yihui Gong
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China
| | - Yin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Zhongming Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300134, China; Key Laboratory of Endocrine Glucose & Lipids Metabolism and Brain Aging, Ministry of Education; Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Shandong Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
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22
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Zhang Z, Cui Y, Su V, Wang D, Tol MJ, Cheng L, Wu X, Kim J, Rajbhandari P, Zhang S, Li W, Tontonoz P, Villanueva CJ, Sallam T. A PPARγ/long noncoding RNA axis regulates adipose thermoneutral remodeling in mice. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e170072. [PMID: 37909330 PMCID: PMC10617768 DOI: 10.1172/jci170072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Interplay between energy-storing white adipose cells and thermogenic beige adipocytes contributes to obesity and insulin resistance. Irrespective of specialized niche, adipocytes require the activity of the nuclear receptor PPARγ for proper function. Exposure to cold or adrenergic signaling enriches thermogenic cells though multiple pathways that act synergistically with PPARγ; however, the molecular mechanisms by which PPARγ licenses white adipose tissue to preferentially adopt a thermogenic or white adipose fate in response to dietary cues or thermoneutral conditions are not fully elucidated. Here, we show that a PPARγ/long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) axis integrates canonical and noncanonical thermogenesis to restrain white adipose tissue heat dissipation during thermoneutrality and diet-induced obesity. Pharmacologic inhibition or genetic deletion of the lncRNA Lexis enhances uncoupling protein 1-dependent (UCP1-dependent) and -independent thermogenesis. Adipose-specific deletion of Lexis counteracted diet-induced obesity, improved insulin sensitivity, and enhanced energy expenditure. Single-nuclei transcriptomics revealed that Lexis regulates a distinct population of thermogenic adipocytes. We systematically map Lexis motif preferences and show that it regulates the thermogenic program through the activity of the metabolic GWAS gene and WNT modulator TCF7L2. Collectively, our studies uncover a new mode of crosstalk between PPARγ and WNT that preserves white adipose tissue plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ya Cui
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Vivien Su
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marcus J. Tol
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lijing Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xiaohui Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jason Kim
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Prashant Rajbhandari
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sicheng Zhang
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Division of Computational Biomedicine, Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Peter Tontonoz
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Biological Chemistry and
| | - Claudio J. Villanueva
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, College of Life Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Tamer Sallam
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine
- Department of Physiology, and
- Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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23
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Peixoto ÁS, Moreno MF, Castro É, Perandini LA, Belchior T, Oliveira TE, Vieira TS, Gilio GR, Tomazelli CA, Leonardi BF, Ortiz-Silva M, Silva Junior LP, Moretti EH, Steiner AA, Festuccia WT. Hepatocellular carcinoma induced by hepatocyte Pten deletion reduces BAT UCP-1 and thermogenic capacity in mice, despite increasing serum FGF-21 and iWAT browning. J Physiol Biochem 2023; 79:731-743. [PMID: 37405670 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-00970-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) markedly enhances liver secretion of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF-21), a hepatokine that increases brown and subcutaneous inguinal white adipose tissues (BAT and iWAT, respectively) uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) content, thermogenesis and energy expenditure. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that an enhanced BAT and iWAT UCP-1-mediated thermogenesis induced by high levels of FGF-21 is involved in HCC-associated catabolic state and fat mass reduction. For this, we evaluated body weight and composition, liver mass and morphology, serum and tissue levels of FGF-21, BAT and iWAT UCP-1 content, and thermogenic capacity in mice with Pten deletion in hepatocytes that display a well-defined progression from steatosis to steatohepatitis (NASH) and HCC upon aging. Hepatocyte Pten deficiency promoted a progressive increase in liver lipid deposition, mass, and inflammation, culminating with NASH at 24 weeks and hepatomegaly and HCC at 48 weeks of age. NASH and HCC were associated with elevated liver and serum FGF-21 content and iWAT UCP-1 expression (browning), but reduced serum insulin, leptin, and adiponectin levels and BAT UCP-1 content and expression of sympathetically regulated gene glycerol kinase (GyK), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), and fatty acid transporter protein 1 (FATP-1), which altogether resulted in an impaired whole-body thermogenic capacity in response to CL-316,243. In conclusion, FGF-21 pro-thermogenic actions in BAT are context-dependent, not occurring in NASH and HCC, and UCP-1-mediated thermogenesis is not a major energy-expending process involved in the catabolic state associated with HCC induced by Pten deletion in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álbert S Peixoto
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayara F Moreno
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Érique Castro
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz A Perandini
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Belchior
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tiago E Oliveira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thayna S Vieira
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo R Gilio
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline A Tomazelli
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca F Leonardi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milene Ortiz-Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciano P Silva Junior
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508000, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo H Moretti
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre A Steiner
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - William T Festuccia
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, 05508000, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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24
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Alvarez-Gallego F, González-Blázquez R, Gil-Ortega M, Somoza B, Calderón-Dominguez M, Moratinos J, Garcia-Garcia V, Fernández P, González-Moreno D, Viana M, Alcalá M. Angiotensin II type 2 receptor as a novel activator of brown adipose tissue in obesity. Biofactors 2023; 49:1106-1120. [PMID: 37286331 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) exerts vasorelaxant, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. In obesity, its activation counterbalances the adverse cardiovascular effects of angiotensin II mediated by the AT1R. Preliminary results indicate that it also promotes brown adipocyte differentiation in vitro. Our hypothesis is that AT2R activation could increase BAT mass and activity in obesity. Five-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed a standard or a high-fat (HF) diet for 6 weeks. Half of the animals were treated with compound 21 (C21), a selective AT2R agonist, (1 mg/kg/day) in the drinking water. Electron transport chain (ETC), oxidative phosphorylation, and UCP1 proteins were measured in the interscapular BAT (iBAT) and thoracic perivascular adipose tissue (tPVAT) as well as inflammatory and oxidative parameters. Differentiation and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) in the presence of C21 was tested in brown preadipocytes. In vitro, C21-differentiated brown adipocytes showed an AT2R-dependent increase of differentiation markers (Ucp1, Cidea, Pparg) and increased basal and H+ leak-linked OCR. In vivo, HF-C21 mice showed increased iBAT mass compared to HF animals. Both their iBAT and tPVAT showed higher protein levels of the ETC protein complexes and UCP1, together with a reduction of inflammatory and oxidative markers. The activation of the AT2R increases BAT mass, mitochondrial activity, and reduces markers of tissue inflammation and oxidative stress in obesity. Therefore, insulin reduction and better vascular responses are achieved. Thus, the activation of the protective arm of the renin-angiotensin system arises as a promising tool in the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiola Alvarez-Gallego
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia., Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel González-Blázquez
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Gil-Ortega
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Somoza
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Calderón-Dominguez
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, University of Cadiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Javier Moratinos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada Nemesio Díez, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Virginia Garcia-Garcia
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada Nemesio Díez, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Fernández
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular Aplicada Nemesio Díez, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel González-Moreno
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y de la Salud, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Viana
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia., Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martín Alcalá
- Departamento de Química y Bioquímica, Facultad de Farmacia., Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, Spain
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25
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Esaki N, Matsui T, Tsuda T. Lactate induces the development of beige adipocytes via an increase in the level of reactive oxygen species. Food Funct 2023; 14:9725-9733. [PMID: 37817572 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03287f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that lactate acts as a signaling molecule in various tissues. We previously demonstrated that intake of an amino acid mixture combined with exercise synergistically induced beige adipocyte formation in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) in mice. Moreover, plasma lactate levels remained significantly elevated in the amino acid mixture + exercise group even 16 h after exercise, indicating that a lactate-mediated pathway may be involved in the induction of beige adipocyte formation. Against this background, we hypothesized that oral intake of lactate would induce beige adipocyte formation via the lactate signaling pathway without exercise. Furthermore, if oral intake of lactate can produce the same effect as exercise, lactate might be used as a food-derived exercise replacement-factor. Oral intake of lactate (100 mM in drinking water) for 4 weeks significantly induced beige adipocyte formation in iWAT in mice as well as a significant elevation of lactate transporter (monocarboxylic acid transporter 1; MCT1) and lactate dehydrogenase B levels. Administration of lactate to adipocytes significantly increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide levels and the NADH/NAD+ ratio. The induction of lactate-mediated uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression and ROS production were significantly suppressed by antioxidant treatment or inhibition of MCT1. However, UCP1 induction was not significantly affected by the inhibition of lactate receptor (hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 1). These findings suggest that lactate-mediated ROS production induces beige adipocyte formation, and thus oral intake of lactate may confer some benefits of exercise without the need to perform exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Esaki
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology and Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Toshiro Matsui
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School of Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takanori Tsuda
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology and Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan.
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26
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Robinson EL, Bagchi RA, Major JL, Bergman BC, Matsuda JL, McKinsey TA. HDAC11 inhibition triggers bimodal thermogenic pathways to circumvent adipocyte catecholamine resistance. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e168192. [PMID: 37607030 PMCID: PMC10541202 DOI: 10.1172/jci168192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Stimulation of adipocyte β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) induces expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), promoting nonshivering thermogenesis. Association of β-ARs with a lysine-myristoylated form of A kinase-anchoring protein 12 (AKAP12, also known as gravin-α) is required for downstream signaling that culminates in UCP1 induction. Conversely, demyristoylation of gravin-α by histone deacetylase 11 (HDAC11) suppresses this pathway. Whether inhibition of HDAC11 in adipocytes is sufficient to drive UCP1 expression independently of β-ARs is not known. Here, we demonstrate that adipocyte-specific deletion of HDAC11 in mice leads to robust induction of UCP1 in adipose tissue (AT), resulting in increased body temperature. These effects are mimicked by treating mice in vivo or human AT ex vivo with an HDAC11-selective inhibitor, FT895. FT895 triggers biphasic, gravin-α myristoylation-dependent induction of UCP1 protein expression, with a noncanonical acute response that is posttranscriptional and independent of protein kinase A (PKA), and a delayed response requiring PKA activity and new Ucp1 mRNA synthesis. Remarkably, HDAC11 inhibition promotes UCP1 expression even in models of adipocyte catecholamine resistance where β-AR signaling is blocked. These findings define cell-autonomous, multimodal roles for HDAC11 as a suppressor of thermogenesis, and highlight the potential of inhibiting HDAC11 to therapeutically alter AT phenotype independently of β-AR stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. Robinson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, and
| | - Rushita A. Bagchi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, and
| | - Jennifer L. Major
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, and
| | - Bryan C. Bergman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Matsuda
- Department of Biomedical Research, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Timothy A. McKinsey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research & Translation, and
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27
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Ghodrat M, Separham A, Banisefid E, Alamdari NM, Akbarzadeh M, Alipour S, Yahyapoor T, Roshanravan N, Ghaffari S. The expression levels of PPAR-α/γ and UCP1/2 on the slow coronary flow phenomenon; results from a case-control study. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:7527-7533. [PMID: 37501045 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08668-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The slow coronary flow (SCF) phenomenon is considered a coronary artery disorder. Because of the critical function of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) in regulating the oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions in cardiovascular disease, The aim of the current study was to investigate the expression of the genes for uncoupling proteins 1 and 2 (UCP1 and UCP2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and (PPAR- PPAR-), and PPAR- in SCF patients. METHODS In this case-control study, coronary angiography examination was used to analyze 35 individuals with SCF and 35 subjects with normal coronary flow (NCF). SCF was diagnosed using the TIMI (thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame count) method. The SCF phenomenon is thought to be the TIMI > 27. In the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels of the PPAR-, PPAR-, UCP1, and UCP2 genes were evaluated. RESULTS UCP1 and UCP2 expression levels were significantly higher in the SCF group compared to the NCF group (P = 0.034 and P0.001, respectively). The PPAR- and PPAR- levels were found to be significantly lower in the SCF group compared to the NCF group (P = 0.015, P0.001, respectively). According to the results of the logistic regression analysis, high UCP1 and UCP2 levels and low PPAR- and PPAR- levels are each independent predictors of the SCF phenomenon. CONCLUSION This research provided evidence about the potential role of PPAR-α, PPAR-γ, UCP1, and UCP2 as biomarkers in SCF. More investigations are suggested to assess the functions of these factors in SCF patients mechanistically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Ghodrat
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166615573, Iran
| | - Ahmad Separham
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166615573, Iran
| | - Erfan Banisefid
- Students Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Moloud Akbarzadeh
- Centre de Recherche de L'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie Et de Pneumologie de Québec (CRIUCPQ), Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Shahriar Alipour
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Tohid Yahyapoor
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166615573, Iran
| | - Neda Roshanravan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166615573, Iran.
| | - Samad Ghaffari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 5166615573, Iran.
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28
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Jagtap U, Paul A. UCP1 activation: Hottest target in the thermogenesis pathway to treat obesity using molecules of synthetic and natural origin. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103717. [PMID: 37467882 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) has been discovered as a possible target for obesity treatment because of its widespread distribution in the inner mitochondrial membrane of brown adipose tissue (BAT) and high energy expenditure capabilities to burn calories as heat. UCP1 is dormant and does not produce heat without activation as it is inhibited by purine nucleotides. However, activation of UCP1 via either direct interaction with the UCP1 protein, an increase in the expression of UCP1 genes or the physiological production of fatty acids can lead to a rise in the thermogenesis phenomenon. Hence, activation of UCP1 through small molecules of synthetic and natural origin can be considered as a promising strategy to mitigate obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utkarsh Jagtap
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India
| | - Atish Paul
- Laboratory of Natural Product Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani Campus, Rajasthan 333031, India.
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29
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Deschemin JC, Ransy C, Bouillaud F, Chung S, Galy B, Peyssonnaux C, Vaulont S. Hepcidin deficiency in mice impairs white adipose tissue browning possibly due to a defect in de novo adipogenesis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12794. [PMID: 37550331 PMCID: PMC10406828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39305-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of iron in the two major sites of adaptive thermogenesis, namely the beige inguinal (iWAT) and brown adipose tissues (BAT) has not been fully understood yet. Body iron levels and distribution is controlled by the iron regulatory peptide hepcidin. Here, we explored iron homeostasis and thermogenic activity in brown and beige fat in wild-type and iron loaded Hepcidin KO mice. Hepcidin-deficient mice displayed iron overload in both iWAT and BAT, and preferential accumulation of ferritin in stromal cells compared to mature adipocytes. In contrast to BAT, the iWAT of Hepcidin KO animals featured with defective thermogenesis evidenced by an altered beige signature, including reduced UCP1 levels and decreased mitochondrial respiration. This thermogenic modification appeared cell autonomous and persisted after a 48 h-cold challenge, a potent trigger of thermogenesis, suggesting compromised de novo adipogenesis. Given that WAT browning occurs in both mice and humans, our results provide physiological results to interrogate the thermogenic capacity of patients with iron overload disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Deschemin
- Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Céline Ransy
- Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Bouillaud
- Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Soonkyu Chung
- Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Bruno Galy
- German Cancer Research Center, "Division of Virus-Associated Carcinogenesis", Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carole Peyssonnaux
- Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Vaulont
- Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, 75014, Paris, France.
- Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France.
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30
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Patel S, Sparman NZR, Arneson D, Alvarsson A, Santos LC, Duesman SJ, Centonze A, Hathaway E, Ahn IS, Diamante G, Cely I, Cho CH, Talari NK, Rajbhandari AK, Goedeke L, Wang P, Butte AJ, Blanpain C, Chella Krishnan K, Lusis AJ, Stanley SA, Yang X, Rajbhandari P. Mammary duct luminal epithelium controls adipocyte thermogenic programme. Nature 2023; 620:192-199. [PMID: 37495690 PMCID: PMC10529063 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06361-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Sympathetic activation during cold exposure increases adipocyte thermogenesis via the expression of mitochondrial protein uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)1. The propensity of adipocytes to express UCP1 is under a critical influence of the adipose microenvironment and varies between sexes and among various fat depots2-7. Here we report that mammary gland ductal epithelial cells in the adipose niche regulate cold-induced adipocyte UCP1 expression in female mouse subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT). Single-cell RNA sequencing shows that glandular luminal epithelium subtypes express transcripts that encode secretory factors controlling adipocyte UCP1 expression under cold conditions. We term these luminal epithelium secretory factors 'mammokines'. Using 3D visualization of whole-tissue immunofluorescence, we reveal sympathetic nerve-ductal contact points. We show that mammary ducts activated by sympathetic nerves limit adipocyte UCP1 expression via the mammokine lipocalin 2. In vivo and ex vivo ablation of mammary duct epithelium enhance the cold-induced adipocyte thermogenic gene programme in scWAT. Since the mammary duct network extends throughout most of the scWAT in female mice, females show markedly less scWAT UCP1 expression, fat oxidation, energy expenditure and subcutaneous fat mass loss compared with male mice, implicating sex-specific roles of mammokines in adipose thermogenesis. These results reveal a role of sympathetic nerve-activated glandular epithelium in adipocyte UCP1 expression and suggest that mammary duct luminal epithelium has an important role in controlling glandular adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanil Patel
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Njeri Z R Sparman
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Douglas Arneson
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology and Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alexandra Alvarsson
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luís C Santos
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samuel J Duesman
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alessia Centonze
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ephraim Hathaway
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - In Sook Ahn
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology and Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Graciel Diamante
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology and Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ingrid Cely
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology and Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chung Hwan Cho
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noble Kumar Talari
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Abha K Rajbhandari
- Department of Psychiatry and Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leigh Goedeke
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Peng Wang
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Atul J Butte
- Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Data-Driven Insights and Innovation, University of California Health, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Cédric Blanpain
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Cancer, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karthickeyan Chella Krishnan
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, and Department of Human Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sarah A Stanley
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology and Bioinformatics Interdepartmental Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Prashant Rajbhandari
- Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
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31
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Fuentes-Romero R, Velázquez-Villegas LA, Vasquez-Reyes S, Pérez-Jiménez B, Domínguez Velázquez ZN, Sánchez-Tapia M, Vargas-Castillo A, Tobón-Cornejo S, López-Barradas AM, Mendoza V, Torres N, López-Casillas F, Tovar AR. Genistein-mediated thermogenesis and white-to-beige adipocyte differentiation involve transcriptional activation of cAMP response elements in the Ucp1 promoter. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23079. [PMID: 37410022 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300139rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Genistein is an isoflavone present in soybeans and is considered a bioactive compound due to its widely reported biological activity. We have previously shown that intraperitoneal genistein administration and diet supplementation activates the thermogenic program in rats and mice subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT) under multiple environmental cues, including cold exposure and high-fat diet feeding. However, the mechanistic insights of this process were not previously unveiled. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), a mitochondrial membrane polypeptide responsible for dissipating energy into heat, is considered the most relevant thermogenic marker; thus, we aimed to evaluate whether genistein regulates UCP1 transcription. Here we show that genistein administration to thermoneutral-housed mice leads to the appearance of beige adipocyte markers, including a sharp upregulation of UCP1 expression and protein abundance in scWAT. Reporter assays showed an increase in UCP1 promoter activity after genistein stimulation, and in silico analysis revealed the presence of estrogen (ERE) and cAMP (CRE) response elements as putative candidates of genistein activation. Mutation of the CRE but not the ERE reduced genistein-induced promoter activity by 51%. Additionally, in vitro and in vivo ChIP assays demonstrated the binding of CREB to the UCP1 promoter after acute genistein administration. Taken together, these data elucidate the mechanism of genistein-mediated UCP1 induction and confirm its potential applications in managing metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Fuentes-Romero
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, Mexico
| | - Laura A Velázquez-Villegas
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico
| | - Sarai Vasquez-Reyes
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico
| | - Berenice Pérez-Jiménez
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico
| | - Zuleima N Domínguez Velázquez
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico
| | - Mónica Sánchez-Tapia
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico
| | - Ariana Vargas-Castillo
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico
| | - Sandra Tobón-Cornejo
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico
| | - Adriana M López-Barradas
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico
| | - Valentín Mendoza
- Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Cellular Physiology, UNAM, México City, Mexico
| | - Nimbe Torres
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico
| | - Fernando López-Casillas
- Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Cellular Physiology, UNAM, México City, Mexico
| | - Armando R Tovar
- Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México City, Mexico
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Bagon BB, Lee J, Matienzo ME, Lee SJ, Pak SW, Kim K, Lee J, Lee CM, Shin IS, Moon C, Park MJ, Kim DI. Cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis is impaired by exposure of Asian sand dust in mice. J Therm Biol 2023; 116:103675. [PMID: 37517326 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2023.103675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Desertification and desert sandstorms caused by the worsening global warming pose increasing risks to human health. In particular, Asian sand dust (ASD) exposure has been related to an increase in mortality and hospital admissions for respiratory diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of ASD on metabolic tissues in comparison to diesel particulate matter (DPM) that is known to cause adverse health effects. We found that larger lipid droplets were accumulated in the brown adipose tissues (BAT) of ASD-administered but not DPM-administered mice. Thermogenic gene expression was decreased in these mice as well. When ASD-administered mice were exposed to the cold, they failed to maintain their body temperature, suggesting that the ASD administration had led to impairments in cold-induced adaptive thermogenesis. However, impaired thermogenesis was not observed in DPM-administered mice. Furthermore, mice fed a high-fat diet that were chronically administered ASD demonstrated unexplained weight loss, indicating that chronic administration of ASD could be lethal in obese mice. We further identified that ASD-induced lung inflammation was not exacerbated in uncoupling protein 1 knockout mice, whose thermogenic capacity is impaired. Collectively, ASD exposure can impair cold-induced adaptive thermogenic responses in mice and increase the risk of mortality in obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette B Bagon
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Junhyeong Lee
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Merc Emil Matienzo
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Se-Jin Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - So-Won Pak
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Keon Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Chang-Min Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - In-Sik Shin
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Animal Behavior, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Min-Jung Park
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.
| | - Dong-Il Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea; College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 FOUR Program, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea.
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33
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Klein Hazebroek M, Laterveer R, Kutschke M, Ramšak Marčeta V, Barthem CS, Keipert S. Hyperphagia of female UCP1-deficient mice blunts anti-obesity effects of FGF21. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10288. [PMID: 37355753 PMCID: PMC10290677 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37264-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing energy expenditure through uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) activity in thermogenic adipose tissue is widely investigated to correct diet-induced obesity (DIO). Paradoxically, UCP1-deficient male mice are resistant to DIO at room temperature. Recently, we uncovered a key role for fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), a promising drug target for treatment of metabolic disease, in this phenomenon. As the metabolic action of FGF21 is so far understudied in females, we aim to investigate potential sexual dimorphisms. Here, we confirm that male UCP1 KO mice display resistance to DIO in mild cold, without significant changes in metabolic parameters. Surprisingly, females gained the same amount of body fat as WT controls. Molecular regulation was similar between UCP1 KO males and females, with an upregulation of serum FGF21, coinciding with beiging of inguinal white adipose tissue and induced lipid metabolism. While energy expenditure did not display significant differences, UCP1 KO females significantly increased their food intake. Altogether, our results indicate that hyperphagia is likely counteracting the beneficial effects of FGF21 in female mice. This underlines the importance of sex-specific studies in (pre)clinical research for personalized drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlou Klein Hazebroek
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rutger Laterveer
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Kutschke
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vida Ramšak Marčeta
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Clarissa S Barthem
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Susanne Keipert
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Park A, Kim KE, Park I, Lee SH, Park KY, Jung M, Li X, Sleiman MB, Lee SJ, Kim DS, Kim J, Lim DS, Woo EJ, Lee EW, Han BS, Oh KJ, Lee SC, Auwerx J, Mun JY, Rhee HW, Kim WK, Bae KH, Suh JM. Mitochondrial matrix protein LETMD1 maintains thermogenic capacity of brown adipose tissue in male mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3746. [PMID: 37353518 PMCID: PMC10290150 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39106-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has abundant mitochondria with the unique capability of generating heat via uncoupled respiration. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is activated in BAT during cold stress and dissipates mitochondrial proton motive force generated by the electron transport chain to generate heat. However, other mitochondrial factors required for brown adipocyte respiration and thermogenesis under cold stress are largely unknown. Here, we show LETM1 domain-containing protein 1 (LETMD1) is a BAT-enriched and cold-induced protein required for cold-stimulated respiration and thermogenesis of BAT. Proximity labeling studies reveal that LETMD1 is a mitochondrial matrix protein. Letmd1 knockout male mice display aberrant BAT mitochondria and fail to carry out adaptive thermogenesis under cold stress. Letmd1 knockout BAT is deficient in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complex proteins and has impaired mitochondrial respiration. In addition, BAT-specific Letmd1 deficient mice exhibit phenotypes identical to those observed in Letmd1 knockout mice. Collectively, we demonstrate that the BAT-enriched mitochondrial matrix protein LETMD1 plays a tissue-autonomous role that is essential for BAT mitochondrial function and thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Park
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Eun Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Isaac Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Heon Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun-Young Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkyo Jung
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41068, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Maroun Bou Sleiman
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Su Jeong Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Soo Kim
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Digital Biotech Innovation Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Sik Lim
- National Creative Research Center for Cell Plasticity, KAIST Stem Cell Center, Department of Biological Sciences, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Jeon Woo
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Woo Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek Soo Han
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Biodefense Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Oh
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Chul Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ji Young Mun
- Neural Circuit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41068, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Rhee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kon Kim
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- School of Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang-Hee Bae
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
| | - Jae Myoung Suh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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Jones SA, Gogoi P, Ruprecht JJ, King MS, Lee Y, Zögg T, Pardon E, Chand D, Steimle S, Copeman DM, Cotrim CA, Steyaert J, Crichton PG, Moiseenkova-Bell V, Kunji ER. Structural basis of purine nucleotide inhibition of human uncoupling protein 1. Sci Adv 2023; 9:eadh4251. [PMID: 37256948 PMCID: PMC10413660 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh4251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) gives brown adipose tissue of mammals its specialized ability to burn calories as heat for thermoregulation. When activated by fatty acids, UCP1 catalyzes the leak of protons across the mitochondrial inner membrane, short-circuiting the mitochondrion to generate heat, bypassing ATP synthesis. In contrast, purine nucleotides bind and inhibit UCP1, regulating proton leak by a molecular mechanism that is unclear. We present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the GTP-inhibited state of UCP1, which is consistent with its nonconducting state. The purine nucleotide cross-links the transmembrane helices of UCP1 with an extensive interaction network. Our results provide a structural basis for understanding the specificity and pH dependency of the regulatory mechanism. UCP1 has retained all of the key functional and structural features required for a mitochondrial carrier-like transport mechanism. The analysis shows that inhibitor binding prevents the conformational changes that UCP1 uses to facilitate proton leak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. Jones
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Keith Peters Building, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Prerana Gogoi
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, 10-124 Smilow Center for Translational Research, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5158, USA
| | - Jonathan J. Ruprecht
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Keith Peters Building, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Martin S. King
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Keith Peters Building, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Yang Lee
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Keith Peters Building, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Thomas Zögg
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Els Pardon
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Deepak Chand
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Keith Peters Building, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Stefan Steimle
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Danielle M. Copeman
- Biomedical Research Centre, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Camila A. Cotrim
- Biomedical Research Centre, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Jan Steyaert
- VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Paul G. Crichton
- Biomedical Research Centre, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Vera Moiseenkova-Bell
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, 10-124 Smilow Center for Translational Research, 3400 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-5158, USA
| | - Edmund R. S. Kunji
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Keith Peters Building, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
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Wronska A, Zubrzycki A, Kotlarz G, Kmiec Z. Fenofibrate mildly stimulates browning-associated expression in white adipose tissues of young but not old male rats. J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 74. [PMID: 37453093 DOI: 10.26402/jpp.2023.2.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the hypolipemic drug fenofibrate (FF) and aging on the expression of factors/enzymes involved in brown adipose tissue (BAT) function and browning of white adipose tissue epididymal (eWAT) and subcutaneous (sWAT) depots. Young-adult and old male Wistar rats were fed standard chow (control) or supplemented with 0.1% or 0.5% FF for 30 days. Tissue samples were analysed for gene expression and protein content, and stained with Oil Red O or hematoxylin and eosin. In BAT of young rats, 0.5% FF increased only Cbp/p300 interacting transactivator with Glu/Asp rich carboxy-terminal domain 1 (CITED1) protein content and Fgf21 and Gpr109A mRNA expression. The expression of oxidative metabolism related genes (Pgc1α, Cpt1b, Mcad) decreased after 0.5% FF. In BAT of old rats, FF did not affect UCP1 and CITED1 content and had little effect on gene expression. Oil Red O staining of BAT revealed no changes in lipid droplet area upon treatment in either age group. In eWAT of young rats, 0.1FF elevated UCP1 protein content and Ucp1, Pgc-1α, and Mcad expression, whereas 0.5% FF increased PPARα content and Pgc-1α, Cpt1b, Mcad, and Gpr109A levels. In eWAT of old rats, only 0.1FF increased Pgc1α and Mcad expression. In both age groups median cell area of eWAT adipocytes was reduced after 0.5% FF. In sWAT Ucp1 gene expression was very low and UCP1 protein was undetectable. FF upregulated Ucp1, Cited1, Eva1, and Cpt1b expression in sWAT of young rats, with diminished effects in old rats. In both age groups 0.5% FF increased Fgf21 expression in sWAT. Median cell area of sWAT adipocytes decreased only in young rats treated with 0.5% FF. Our results reveal that fenofibrate differentially affects gene expression in BAT, with diminished effects in old compared to young rats. In WAT of young rats FF modestly stimulates the expression of factors/enzymes involved in lipid oxidative metabolism and browning. Aging reduces both these effects. Gpr109A may present a novel gene target upregulated by FF in BAT and eWAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wronska
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - A Zubrzycki
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - G Kotlarz
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Z Kmiec
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Andrzejczak A, Witkowicz A, Kujawa D, Skrypnik D, Szulińska M, Bogdański P, Łaczmański Ł, Karabon L. NGS Sequencing Reveals New UCP1 Gene Variants Potentially Associated with MetS and/or T2DM Risk in the Polish Population—A Preliminary Study. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040789. [PMID: 37107547 PMCID: PMC10137642 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of people suffering from metabolic syndrome (MetS) including type 2 diabetes (T2DM), hypertension, and obesity increased over 10 times through the last 30 years and it is a severe public health concern worldwide. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) is a mitochondrial carrier protein found only in brown adipose tissue involved in thermogenesis and energy expenditure. Several studies showed an association between UCP1 variants and the susceptibility to MetS, T2DM, and/or obesity in various populations; all these studies were, however, limited to a few selected polymorphisms. The present study aimed to search within the entire UCP1 gene for new variants potentially associated with MetS and/or T2DM risk. We performed NGS sequencing of the entire UCP1 gene in 59 MetS patients including 29 T2DM patients, and 36 controls using the MiSeq platform. An analysis of allele and genotype distribution revealed nine variations which seem to be interesting in the context of MetS and fifteen in the context of T2DM. Altogether, we identified 12 new variants, among which only rs3811787 was investigated previously by others. Thereby, NGS sequencing revealed new intriguing UCP1 gene variants potentially associated with MetS and/or T2DM risk in the Polish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Andrzejczak
- Laboratory of Genetics and Epigenetics of Human Diseases, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agata Witkowicz
- Laboratory of Genetics and Epigenetics of Human Diseases, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Kujawa
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Damian Skrypnik
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
| | - Monika Szulińska
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-569 Poznan, Poland
| | - Łukasz Łaczmański
- Laboratory of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Karabon
- Laboratory of Genetics and Epigenetics of Human Diseases, Department of Experimental Therapy, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Huesca-Gómez C, Torres-Paz YE, Fuentevilla-Álvarez G, González-Moyotl NJ, Ramírez-Marroquín ES, Vásquez-Jiménez X, Sainz-Escarrega V, Soto ME, Samano R, Gamboa R. Expressions of mRNA and encoded proteins of mitochondrial uncoupling protein genes ( UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3) in epicardial and mediastinal adipose tissue and associations with coronary artery disease. Arch Endocrinol Metab 2023; 67:214-223. [PMID: 36651711 PMCID: PMC10689038 DOI: 10.20945/2359-3997000000582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the expression of UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3 mRNA and encoded proteins in epicardial and mediastinal adipose tissues in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Subjects and methods We studied 60 patients with CAD and 106 patients undergoing valve replacement surgery (controls). Expression levels of UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3 mRNA and encoded proteins were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. Results : We found increased UCP1, UCP2, and UCP3 mRNA levels in the epicardial adipose tissue in the CAD versus the control group, and higher UCP1 and UCP3 mRNA expression in the epicardial compared with the mediastinal tissue in the CAD group. There was also increased expression of UCP1 protein in the epicardial tissue and UCP2 protein in the mediastinum tissue in patients with CAD. Finally, UCP1 expression was associated with levels of fasting plasma glucose, and UCP3 expression was associated with levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low-density cholesterol in the epicardial tissue. Conclusion Our study supports the hypothesis that higher mRNA expression by UCP genes in the epicardial adipose tissue could be a protective mechanism against the production of reactive oxygen species and may guard the myocardium against damage. Thus, UCP levels are essential to maintain the adaptive phase of cardiac injury in the presence of metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Huesca-Gómez
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Departamento de Fisiología, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Yazmín Estela Torres-Paz
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Departamento de Fisiología, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | | | | | - Xicótencatl Vásquez-Jiménez
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Departamento de Cirugía Cardiotorácica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Víctor Sainz-Escarrega
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Departamento de Cirugía Cardiotorácica, Ciudad de México, México
| | - María Elena Soto
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Departamento de Inmunología, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Reyna Samano
- Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Coordinación de Nutrición y Bioprogramación, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ricardo Gamboa
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiología "Ignacio Chávez", Departamento de Fisiología, Ciudad de México, México
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Lv S, Hu T, Zhang R, Zhou Y, Yu W, Wang Z, Shi C, Lian J, Huang S, Pei G, Luan B. Rhamnose Displays an Anti-Obesity Effect Through Stimulation of Adipose Dopamine Receptors and Thermogenesis. Diabetes 2023; 72:326-335. [PMID: 36473059 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The imbalance between energy intake and energy expenditure leads to the prevalence of obesity worldwide. A strategy to simultaneously limit energy intake and promote energy expenditure would be an important new obesity treatment. Here, we identified rhamnose as a nonnutritive sweetener to promote adipose thermogenesis and energy expenditure. Rhamnose promotes cAMP production and PKA activation through dopamine receptor D1 in adipose tissue. As a result, rhamnose administration promotes UCP1-dependent thermogenesis and ameliorates obesity in mice. Thus, we have demonstrated a rhamnose-dopamine receptor D1-PKA axis critical for thermogenesis, and that rhamnose may have a role in therapeutic molecular diets against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Yu
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zelin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changjie Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjiang Lian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shichao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Luan
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Pan J, Chui L, Liu T, Zheng Q, Liu X, Liu L, Zhao Y, Zhang L, Song M, Han J, Huang J, Tang C, Tao C, Zhao J, Wang Y. Fecal Microbiota Was Reshaped in UCP1 Knock-In Pigs via the Adipose-Liver-Gut Axis and Contributed to Less Fat Deposition. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0354022. [PMID: 36688695 PMCID: PMC9927592 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03540-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship between the host gut microbiota and obesity has been well documented in humans and mice; however, few studies reported the association between the gut microbiota and fat deposition in pigs. In a previous study, we generated uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) knock-in pigs (UCP1 pigs), which exhibited a lower fat deposition phenotype. Whether the gut microbiota was reshaped in these pigs and whether the reshaped gut microbiota contributes to the lower fat content remain unknown. Here, we revealed that the fecal microbiota composition and metabolites were significantly altered under both chow diet (CD) and high-fat/high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet conditions in UCP1 pigs compared to those in wild-type (WT) pigs. The abundance of Oscillospira and Coprococcus and the level of metabolite hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) from feces were observed to be significantly increased in UCP1 pigs. An association analysis revealed that Oscillospira and Coprococcus were significantly negatively related to backfat thickness. In addition, after fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), the mice that were orally gavaged with feces from UCP1 pigs exhibited less fat deposition under both CD and high-fat diet (HFD) conditions, suggesting that the fecal microbes of UCP1 pigs participate in regulating host lipid metabolism. Consistently, HDCA-treated mice also exhibited reduced fat content. Mechanistically, we found that UCP1 expression in white adipose tissue alters the gut microbiota via the adipose-liver-gut axis in pigs. Our study provides new data concerning the cross talk between host genetic variations and the gut microbiota and paves the way for the potential application of microbes or their metabolites in the regulation of fat deposition in pigs. IMPORTANCE This article investigated the effect of the ectopic expression of UCP1 on the regulation of fecal microbiota composition and metabolites and which alters the fat deposition phenotype. Bacteria, including Oscillospira and Coprococcus, and the metabolite HDCA were found to be significantly increased in feces of UCP1 pigs and had a negative relationship with backfat thickness. Mice with fecal microbiota transplantation phenocopied the UCP1 pigs under both CD and HFD conditions, suggesting that the fecal microbes of UCP1 pigs participate in regulating host lipid metabolism. Our study provides new data regarding the cross talk between host genetic variations and the gut microbiota and paves the way for the potential application of microbes or their metabolic production in the regulation of fat deposition in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Linya Chui
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianxia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiantao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuexue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lulu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lilan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Song
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
| | - Jianlin Han
- CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, China
- Livestock Genetics Program, International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jiaojiao Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaohua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cong Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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Zhang K, Li T, Li Q, Nie C, Sun Y, Xue L, Wang Y, Fan M, Qian H, Li Y, Wang L. 5-Heptadecylresorcinol Regulates the Metabolism of Thermogenic Fat and Improves the Thermogenic Capacity of Aging Mice via a Sirtuin 3-Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway. J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:557-568. [PMID: 36535764 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
5-Heptadecylresorcinol (AR-C17), a well-known biomarker for whole grain rye consumption, is a primary homolog of alkylresorcinols. In this study, the effects of AR-C17 on the thermogenesis of brown adipocytes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes were investigated. The results showed that AR-C17 increased sirtuin 3 (Sirt3) expression, and the expressions of specific thermogenic genes in adipocytes were increased. Furthermore, AR-C17 increased the mitochondrial functions during the thermogenic activation of adipocytes. In in vivo study, AR-C17 increased the cold tolerance and thermogenic capacity of adipose tissues in aging mice. In addition, Sirt3 activity was required for AR-C17-induced thermogenesis. Meanwhile, AR-C17 increased adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation, and AMPK was involved in the regulation of AR-C17 on thermogenic adipocytes. Mechanically, AR-C17 upregulated a Sirt3-AMPK positive-feedback loop in adipocytes and further increased the expression of uncoupling protein 1 to activate thermogenesis. This study indicated that AR-C17 could be a promising thermogenic activator of adipocytes to alleviate obesity and aging-associated metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuiliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Qiang Li
- China National Institute of Standardization, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Chenzhipeng Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yujie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Lamei Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Mingcong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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42
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Peterlin AD, Johnson JM, Funai K. Assessment of Bioenergetics in BAT Mitochondria. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2662:67-75. [PMID: 37076671 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3167-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution respirometry is commonly used to quantify mitochondrial respiratory rates. In the respirometry chamber, a change in oxygen concentration is measured by a polarographic electrode to derive the rate of oxygen consumption (JO2). Here, we describe our adapted protocol to bioenergetically phenotype mitochondria from mouse brown adipose tissue (BAT). Given the presence of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), mitochondria from BAT provide unique challenges and opportunities in applying high-resolution respirometry to understand energy transduction through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alek D Peterlin
- Diabetes & Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jordan M Johnson
- Diabetes & Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Katsuhiko Funai
- Diabetes & Metabolism Research Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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43
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Hong AE, Ryu MS, Lim IK. Proper regulation of β-adrenergic signal requires Btg2 gene for lipolysis and thermogenesis in response to starvation or cold acclimation in female mice. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 111:109160. [PMID: 36179768 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mammals maintain constant body temperature in cold environment by activating thermogenesis via adrenergic/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling. B-cell translocation gene 2 (BTG2/Tis21), induced by PKA signaling, regulates glucose and lipid metabolism in liver, yet its role in lipolysis and in thermogenesis is not explored. Here, Btg2-knockout (KO) mice failed to maintain body temperature under starvation, or in cold acclimation. And norepinephrine-induced thermogenic response was turned off earlier in the KO mice. Gender specifically, gonadal white adipose tissues (gWAT) of female-KO were very active in lipolysis in fed state, however, the fat degradation was diminished upon fasting or cold acclimation. Also, insulin sensitivity was increased in female-KO, but not in male-KO mice, along with the low bone mineral density and small brown adipose tissues (BAT). In the mechanistic aspect, expressions of UCP1 and lipases (LPL, ATGL, HSL) in gWAT of female-KO mice were significantly reduced in response to adrenergic signals. Here, we present some data that Btg2 gene is essential for properly respond to β-adrenergic signals, and plays as a negative regulator of insulin signaling in female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allen Eugene Hong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sook Ryu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Kyoung Lim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
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Luo W, Kim Y, Jensen ME, Herlea-Pana O, Wang W, Rudolph MC, Friedman JE, Chernausek SD, Jiang S. miR-130b/301b Is a Negative Regulator of Beige Adipogenesis and Energy Metabolism In Vitro and In Vivo. Diabetes 2022; 71:2360-2371. [PMID: 36001751 PMCID: PMC9630090 DOI: 10.2337/db22-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Thermogenic brown or beige adipocytes dissipate energy in the form of heat and thereby counteract obesity and related metabolic complications. The miRNA cluster miR-130b/301b is highly expressed in adipose tissues and has been implicated in metabolic diseases as a posttranscriptional regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis and lipid metabolism. We investigated the roles of miR-130b/301b in regulating beige adipogenesis in vivo and in vitro. miR-130b/301b declined in adipose progenitor cells during beige adipogenesis, while forced overexpression of miR-130b-3p or miR-301b-3p suppressed uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and mitochondrial respiration, suggesting that a decline in miR-130b-3p or miR-301b-3p is required for adipocyte precursors to develop the beige phenotype. Mechanistically, miR-130b/301b directly targeted AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPKα1) and suppressed peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (Pgc-1α), key regulators of brown adipogenesis and mitochondrial biogenesis. Mice lacking the miR-130b/301b miRNA cluster showed reduced visceral adiposity and less weight gain. miR-130b/301b null mice exhibited improved glucose tolerance, increased UCP1 and AMPK activation in subcutaneous fat (inguinal white adipose tissue [iWAT]), and increased response to cold-induced energy expenditure. Together, these data identify the miR-130b/301b cluster as a new regulator that suppresses beige adipogenesis involving PGC-1α and AMPK signaling in iWAT and is therefore a potential therapeutic target against obesity and related metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Luo
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Youngsil Kim
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Mary Ellen Jensen
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Oana Herlea-Pana
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Weidong Wang
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Michael C. Rudolph
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Jacob E. Friedman
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Steven D. Chernausek
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
- Section of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Shaoning Jiang
- Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
- Section of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK
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45
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Goddi A, Carmona A, Park SY, Dalgin G, Gonzalez Porras MA, Brey EM, Cohen RN. Laminin-α4 Negatively Regulates Adipocyte Beiging Through the Suppression of AMPKα in Male Mice. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6704644. [PMID: 36124842 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Laminin-α4 (LAMA4) is an extracellular matrix protein implicated in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and function. Prior research describes a role for LAMA4 in modulating adipocyte thermogenesis and uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) expression in white adipose; however, the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Here, we describe that Lama4 knockout mice (Lama4-/-) exhibit heightened mitochondrial biogenesis and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 (PGC-1) expression in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (sWAT). Furthermore, the acute silencing of LAMA4 with small interfering RNA in primary murine adipocytes was sufficient to upregulate the expression of thermogenic markers UCP1 and PR domain containing 16 (PRDM16). Silencing also resulted in an upregulation of PGC1-α and adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-α expression. Subsequently, we show that integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is downregulated in the sWAT of Lama4-/- mice, and its silencing in adipocytes similarly resulted in elevated expression of UCP1 and AMPKα. Last, we demonstrate that treatment of human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived thermogenic adipocytes with LAMA4 (LN411) inhibited the expression of thermogenic markers and AMPKα. Overall, our results indicate that LAMA4 negatively regulates a thermogenic phenotype and pathways involving mitochondrial biogenesis in adipocytes through the suppression of AMPKα.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Goddi
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Alanis Carmona
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Soo-Young Park
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Gokhan Dalgin
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
| | - Maria A Gonzalez Porras
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA
| | - Eric M Brey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78249, USA
| | - Ronald N Cohen
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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46
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Sideromenos S, Gundacker A, Nikou M, Oberle R, Horvath O, Stoehrmann P, Partonen T, Pollak DD. Uncoupling Protein-1 Modulates Anxiety-Like Behavior in a Temperature-Dependent Manner. J Neurosci 2022; 42:7659-7672. [PMID: 36194650 PMCID: PMC9546448 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.2509-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A strong bidirectional link between metabolic and psychiatric disorders exists; yet, the molecular basis underlying this interaction remains unresolved. Here we explored the role of the brown adipose tissue (BAT) as modulatory interface, focusing on the involvement of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1), a key metabolic regulator highly expressed in BAT, in the control of emotional behavior. Male and female constitutive UCP-1 knock-out (KO) mice were used to investigate the consequences of UCP-1 deficiency on anxiety-related and depression-related behaviors under mild thermogenic (23°C) and thermoneutral (29°C) conditions. UCP-1 KO mice displayed a selective enhancement of anxiety-related behavior exclusively under thermogenic conditions, but not at thermoneutrality. Neural and endocrine stress mediators were not affected in UCP-1 KO mice, which showed an activation of the integrated stress response alongside enhanced fibroblast-growth factor-21 (FGF-21) levels. However, viral-mediated overexpression of FGF-21 did not phenocopy the behavioral alterations of UCP-1 KO mice and blocking FGF-21 activity did not rescue the anxiogenic phenotype of UCP-1 KO mice. No effects of surgical removal of the intrascapular BAT on anxiety-like behavior or FGF-21 levels were observed in either UCP-1 KO or WT mice. We provide evidence for a novel role of UCP-1 in the regulation of emotions that manifests as inhibitory constraint on anxiety-related behavior, exclusively under thermogenic conditions. We propose this function of UCP-1 to be independent of its activity in the BAT and likely mediated through a central role of UCP-1 in brain regions with converging involvement in energy and emotional control.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In this first description of a temperature-dependent phenotype of emotional behavior, we propose uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), the key component of the thermogenic function of the brown adipose tissue, as molecular break controlling anxiety-related behavior in mice. We suggest the involvement of UCP-1 in fear regulation to be mediated through its expression in brain regions with converging roles in energy and emotional control. These data are important and relevant in light of the largely unexplored bidirectional link between metabolic and psychiatric disorders, which has the potential for providing insight into novel therapeutic strategies for the management of both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Sideromenos
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Gundacker
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Nikou
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Raimund Oberle
- Institute of Medical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Center for Pathobiochemistry and Genetics, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Orsolya Horvath
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Stoehrmann
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Timo Partonen
- Mental Health Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Daniela D Pollak
- Department of Neurophysiology and Neuropharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Ding M, Ma YJ, Du RQ, Zhou WY, Dou X, Yang QQ, Tang Y, Qian SW, Liu Y, Pan DN, Tang QQ, Liu Y. CHCHD10 Modulates Thermogenesis of Adipocytes by Regulating Lipolysis. Diabetes 2022; 71:1862-1879. [PMID: 35709007 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Brown and beige adipocytes dissipate energy in a nonshivering thermogenesis manner, exerting beneficial effects on metabolic homeostasis. CHCHD10 is a nuclear-encoded mitochondrial protein involved in cristae organization; however, its role in thermogenic adipocytes remains unknown. We identify CHCHD10 as a novel regulator for adipocyte thermogenesis. CHCHD10 is dramatically upregulated during thermogenic adipocyte activation by PPARγ-PGC1α and positively correlated with UCP1 expression in adipose tissues from humans and mice. We generated adipocyte-specific Chchd10 knockout mice (Chchd10-AKO) and found that depleting CHCHD10 leads to impaired UCP1-dependent thermogenesis and energy expenditure in the fasting state, with no effect in the fed state. Lipolysis in adipocytes is disrupted by CHCHD10 deficiency, while augmented lipolysis through ATGL overexpression recovers adipocyte thermogenesis in Chchd10-AKO mice. Consistently, overexpression of Chchd10 activates thermogenic adipocytes. Mechanistically, CHCHD10 deficiency results in the disorganization of mitochondrial cristae, leading to impairment of oxidative phosphorylation complex assembly in mitochondria, which in turn inhibits ATP generation. Decreased ATP results in downregulation of lipolysis by reducing nascent protein synthesis of ATGL, thereby suppressing adipocyte thermogenesis. As a result, Chchd10-AKO mice are prone to develop high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders. Together, our findings reveal an essential role of CHCHD10 in regulating lipolysis and the thermogenic program in adipocytes.
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48
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Richter HJ, Hauck AK, Batmanov K, Inoue SI, So BN, Kim M, Emmett MJ, Cohen RN, Lazar MA. Balanced control of thermogenesis by nuclear receptor corepressors in brown adipose tissue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2205276119. [PMID: 35939699 PMCID: PMC9388101 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2205276119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a key thermogenic organ whose expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and ability to maintain body temperature in response to acute cold exposure require histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). HDAC3 exists in tight association with nuclear receptor corepressors (NCoRs) NCoR1 and NCoR2 (also known as silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid receptors [SMRT]), but the functions of NCoR1/2 in BAT have not been established. Here we report that as expected, genetic loss of NCoR1/2 in BAT (NCoR1/2 BAT-dKO) leads to loss of HDAC3 activity. In addition, HDAC3 is no longer bound at its physiological genomic sites in the absence of NCoR1/2, leading to a shared deregulation of BAT lipid metabolism between NCoR1/2 BAT-dKO and HDAC3 BAT-KO mice. Despite these commonalities, loss of NCoR1/2 in BAT does not phenocopy the cold sensitivity observed in HDAC3 BAT-KO, nor does loss of either corepressor alone. Instead, BAT lacking NCoR1/2 is inflamed, particularly with respect to the interleukin-17 axis that increases thermogenic capacity by enhancing innervation. Integration of BAT RNA sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing data revealed that NCoR1/2 directly regulate Mmp9, which integrates extracellular matrix remodeling and inflammation. These findings reveal pleiotropic functions of the NCoR/HDAC3 corepressor complex in BAT, such that HDAC3-independent suppression of BAT inflammation counterbalances stimulation of HDAC3 activity in the control of thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J. Richter
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Amy K. Hauck
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Kirill Batmanov
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Shin-Ichi Inoue
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Bethany N. So
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Mindy Kim
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Matthew J. Emmett
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Ronald N. Cohen
- Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637
| | - Mitchell A. Lazar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics Graduate Group, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolism, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
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Cheng Y, Xu LY, Zhang N, Yang JH, Guan L, Liu HM, Zhang YX, Li RM, Xu JW. Erchen Decoction Ameliorates the Metabolic Abnormalities of High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats. Comput Math Methods Med 2022; 2022:2183542. [PMID: 35844447 PMCID: PMC9279095 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2183542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective Brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates chemical energy to protect against obesity. In the present study, we aimed to determine the effects of Erchen decoction on the lipolysis and thermogenesis function of BAT in high-fat diet-fed rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, which were fed a control diet (C) or a high-fat diet (HF), and the latter was administered with high and low doses of Erchen decoction by gavage once a day, for 12 weeks. Body weight, the serum lipid profile, serum glucose, and insulin levels of the rats were evaluated. In addition, the phosphorylation and protein and mRNA expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator- (PGC-) 1α, and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) in BAT were measured by immunoblotting and RT-PCR. Results Erchen decoction administration decreased body weight gain and ameliorated the abnormal lipid profile and insulin resistance index of the high-fat diet-fed rats. In addition, the expression of p-AMPK and ATGL in the BAT was significantly increased by Erchen decoction. Erchen decoction also increased the protein and mRNA expression of PGC-1α and UCP-1 in BAT. Conclusion Erchen decoction ameliorates the metabolic abnormalities of high-fat diet-fed rats, at least in part via activation of lipolysis and thermogenesis in BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Cheng
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lu-Yao Xu
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun-Hua Yang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Guan
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hai-Mei Liu
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ya-Xing Zhang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Run-Mei Li
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jin-Wen Xu
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
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50
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Sherman SB, Harberson M, Rashleigh R, Gupta N, Powers R, Talla R, Thusu A, Hill JW. Spexin modulates molecular thermogenic profile of adipose tissue and thermoregulatory behaviors in female C57BL/6 mice. Horm Behav 2022; 143:105195. [PMID: 35580373 PMCID: PMC10150790 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2022.105195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Thermoregulation is the physiological process by which an animal regulates body temperature in response to its environment. It is known that galanin, a neuropeptide widely distributed throughout the central nervous system and secreted by the gut, plays a role in thermoregulatory behaviors and metabolism. We tested the ability of the novel neuropeptide spexin, which shares sequence homology to galanin, to regulate these functions in female mice. Supraphysiological levels of spexin in C57BL/6 mice did not lead to weight loss after 50 days of treatment. Behavioral analysis of long-term spexin treatment showed it decreased anxiety and increased thermoregulatory nest building, which was not observed when mice were housed at thermoneutral temperatures. Treatment also disrupted the thermogenic profile of brown and white adipose tissue, decreasing mRNA expression of Ucp1 in BAT and immunodetection of β3-adrenergic receptors in gWAT. Our results reveal novel functions for spexin as a modulator of thermoregulatory behaviors and adipose tissue metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shermel B Sherman
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, United States; Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Toledo, OH 43614, United States
| | - Mitchell Harberson
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, United States; Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Toledo, OH 43614, United States
| | - Rebecca Rashleigh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, United States; Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Toledo, OH 43614, United States
| | - Niraj Gupta
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43604, United States
| | - Riley Powers
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, United States
| | - Ramya Talla
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, United States; Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Toledo, OH 43614, United States
| | - Ashima Thusu
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43604, United States
| | - Jennifer W Hill
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43614, United States; Center for Diabetes and Endocrine Research, Toledo, OH 43614, United States.
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