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Liu LP, Zha Y, Wang JY, Xu LY, Qin X. [Role of innate lymphoid cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma microenvironment]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2024; 59:394-399. [PMID: 38548598 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20240129-00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common oral malignancy. It has a high incidence, strong invasion ability, easy metastasis, poor curative effect, and poor prognosis. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are an important part of immune cells located in the mucosal barrier, which play an important role in the occurrence, development and outcome of tumors. ILCs are the key cells for decoding the regulatory mechanism of tumor microenvironment and the signatures for tumor progression. This paper reviewed the latest progress on ILCs, summarized the possible characteristics and functions of ILCs in the microenvironment of OSCC, and explored the relationship between ILCs and the occurrence, development and immunotherapy of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Liu
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Y Zha
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - J Y Wang
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology & School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology & Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - X Qin
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology & School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology & Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430030, China
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Wang JY, Xiao WH, Zhang LY, Zhang C, Wei J, Yang JJ, Zhou B, Zhao L, Zhang XL, Xu LY, Hong SD, Dong XS, Liu GL. [Application value of questionnaires in the screening obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in pregnancy across trimesters]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 103:3932-3937. [PMID: 38129170 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20230726-00096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical utility value of questionnaires of Berlin, STOP, STOP-Bang (SBQ), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) in screening obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in pregnant women of different trimesters. Methods: Consecutive pregnant women at high risk for OSAS were enrolled from January, 2021 to April, 2022 at the obstetric clinic of Peking University People's Hospital. They completed questionnaires of Berlin, STOP, SBQ, ESS and also underwent an overnight polysomnography (PSG). To evaluate the accuracy of questionnaires of Berlin, STOP, SBQ, ESS, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values, negative predictive values and the area under the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve of these questionnaires in pregnancy across trimesters (Pregnancy 1-15 weeks was the first stage, pregnancy 16-27 weeks was the second stage, and pregnancy 28-40 weeks was the third stage) were calculated. Results: A total of 100 pregnant women [(34.5±4.3) years old (26-46 years old)] were included in this study, including 20, 35 and 45 pregnant women in the first, second and third trimester of pregnancy, respectively. Based on PSG results, 45 (45%) of 100 pregnant women were diagnosed with OSAS. The overall predictive values of the four questionnaires were not good, area under[AUC(95%CI)] the ROC curve ESS, Berlin questionnaire STOP and SBQ were 0.54(0.43, 0.66), 0.59 (0.47, 0.70), 0.62(0.51, 0.73) and 0.61 (0.49, 0.72), respectively, sensitivity was 35.6%, 65.9%, 48.9%, 28.9%, specificity was 71.7%, 52.5%, 73.6%, 92.5%. When categorized according to trimesters, the predicted values of the four questionnaires increased in the first trimester, the AUC (95%CI) of STOP questionnaire was 0.81 (0.61, 1.00), sensitivity was 75.0%, specificity was 87.5%. Conclusion: The overall predictive power of the four screening questionnaires is limited in pregnant women. But predictive value of STOP questionnaire is acceptable in the first trimester.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Y Wang
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - W H Xiao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Intensive Care Unit, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, China
| | - L Y Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - C Zhang
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - J Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - J J Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - B Zhou
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L Zhao
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X L Zhang
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - S D Hong
- National Institute of Health Data Science at Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - X S Dong
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - G L Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Yang B, Xu LY, Li LY, Qiao DF, DU SH, Yue X, Wang HJ. Pathological Changes and Cause of Death Associated with the Global Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 39:586-595. [PMID: 38228478 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2023.430703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global epidemic for more than three years, causing more than 6.9 million deaths. COVID-19 has the clinical characteristics of strong infectivity and long incubation period, and can cause multi-system damage, mainly lung damage, clinical symptoms of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and systemic multiple organ damage. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is still constantly mutating. At present, there is no global consensus on the pathological changes of COVID-19 associated deaths and even no consensus on the criteria for determining the cause of death. The investigation of the basic pathological changes and progression of the disease is helpful to guide the clinical treatment and the development of therapeutic drugs. This paper reviews the autopsy reports and related literature published worldwide from February 2020 to June 2023, with a clear number of autopsy cases and corresponding pathological changes of vital organs as the inclusion criteria. A total of 1 111 autopsy cases from 65 papers in 18 countries are included. Pathological manifestations and causes of death are classified and statistically analyzed, common pathological changes of COVID-19 are summarized, and analytical conclusions are drawn, suggesting that COVID-19 infection can cause life-threatening pathological changes in vital organs. On the basis of different health levels of infected groups, the direct cause of death is mainly severe lung damage and secondary systemic multiple organ failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Lu-Yao Xu
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ling-Yue Li
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Dong-Fang Qiao
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Si-Hao DU
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xia Yue
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hui-Jun Wang
- Department of Forensic Pathology, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Forensic Science Center of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Wang XM, Zhou Y, Zhang JL, Zhou HY, Zhang Q, Sun Q, Li HJ, Xu LY, Yao SN, Yao ZH, Yan DM, Xu KL, Sang W. [Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation combined with CD7 CAR-T for the treatment of T lymphoblastic lymphoma: a case report and literature review]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:864-865. [PMID: 38049342 PMCID: PMC10694072 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- X M Wang
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Blood Diseases Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Blood Diseases Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - J L Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221000, China
| | - H Y Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Blood Diseases Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Blood Diseases Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - Q Sun
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Blood Diseases Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - H J Li
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Blood Diseases Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Blood Diseases Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - S N Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Z H Yao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - D M Yan
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Blood Diseases Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - K L Xu
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Blood Diseases Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou 221000, China
| | - W Sang
- Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Blood Diseases Institute, Key Laboratory of Bone Marrow Stem Cell, Xuzhou 221000, China
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Yu M, Hao ZL, Xu LY, Wen YF, Han F, Gao XM. [Characteristics of narrow hypopharynx in patients with catathrenia]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2023; 58:1-10. [PMID: 37381602 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112144-20230429-00175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze whether the upper airway of patients with catathrenia has obstructive manifestations using nasal resistance, craniofacial, and upper airway imaging methods, which could benefit the exploration of the etiology and treatment options. Methods: From August 2012 to September 2019, a total of 57 patients with catathrenia in the Department of Orthodontics at Peking University Hospital of Stomatology were included in the study, including 22 males and 35 females, aged (31.1±10.9) years, with a body mass index of (21.7±2.7) kg/m2. All the patients were diagnosed by full-night polysomnography at the Sleep Division, Peking University People's Hospital, of which 10 patients were combined with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). The median groaning index of patients was 4.8 (1.8, 13) events/h. Nasal resistance and cone-beam CT were conducted on the patients, and measurements were performed on the craniofacial structures, upper airway, and surrounding soft tissues, compared with non-snoring normal occlusion individuals' references published by the same research team (144 college students recruited at Peking University and 100 non-snoring young adults with normal occlusion recruited at six universities in Beijing). Results: The total nasal resistance of patients with catathrenia was (0.26±0.08) Pa·cm-3·s-1. The patients had overall well-developed mandibular hard tissues. However, the patients were found with increased FH/BaN (steep anterior cranial base plane), increased MP/FH (forward rotation of the mandible); increased U1/NA and L1/MP (proclined upper and lower incisors). The sagittal diameter of the velopharynx [(19.2±4.5) mm] was significantly larger than the normal reference (t=8.44, P<0.001), while the sagittal diameter at the hypopharynx [(17.4±6.4) mm] was statistically smaller than the normal reference (t=-2.79, P=0.006). Catarhrenia patients combined with OSAHS presented longer soft palate, tongue, and lower hyoid bone than those with primary catathrenia. Conclusions: In patients with catathrenia, the overall craniofacial characteristics are well-developed skeletal structures, lower nasal resistance, proclined upper and lower incisors, wide upper sagittal development of the upper airway and but narrow hypopharynx. Groaning sounds might be related to the narrowing of the hypopharynx during sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Z L Hao
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Sleep Division, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y F Wen
- Sleep Division, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - F Han
- Sleep Division, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X M Gao
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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Cheng Y, Xu LY, Zhang N, Yang JH, Guan L, Liu HM, Zhang YX, Li RM, Xu JW. Erchen Decoction Ameliorates the Metabolic Abnormalities of High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats. Comput Math Methods Med 2022; 2022:2183542. [PMID: 35844447 PMCID: PMC9279095 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2183542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective Brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates chemical energy to protect against obesity. In the present study, we aimed to determine the effects of Erchen decoction on the lipolysis and thermogenesis function of BAT in high-fat diet-fed rats. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, which were fed a control diet (C) or a high-fat diet (HF), and the latter was administered with high and low doses of Erchen decoction by gavage once a day, for 12 weeks. Body weight, the serum lipid profile, serum glucose, and insulin levels of the rats were evaluated. In addition, the phosphorylation and protein and mRNA expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator- (PGC-) 1α, and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP-1) in BAT were measured by immunoblotting and RT-PCR. Results Erchen decoction administration decreased body weight gain and ameliorated the abnormal lipid profile and insulin resistance index of the high-fat diet-fed rats. In addition, the expression of p-AMPK and ATGL in the BAT was significantly increased by Erchen decoction. Erchen decoction also increased the protein and mRNA expression of PGC-1α and UCP-1 in BAT. Conclusion Erchen decoction ameliorates the metabolic abnormalities of high-fat diet-fed rats, at least in part via activation of lipolysis and thermogenesis in BAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Cheng
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lu-Yao Xu
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun-Hua Yang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Li Guan
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hai-Mei Liu
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ya-Xing Zhang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Run-Mei Li
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jin-Wen Xu
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Xu LY, Hu XC, Tan RX, Yu WS. [Occupational hazard analysis of workers exposed to chromate in a steel plant]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2022; 40:450-453. [PMID: 35785902 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn121094-20210224-00104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the occupational damage to workers exposed to chromate in a steel plant. Methods: In January 2021, a retrospective analysis was used to select 850 workers exposed to chromate (observation group) and 598 workers not exposed to chromate (control group) in a steel plant in Shandong Province from 2016 to 2017 as the investigation. We collected their occupational-related information, blood routine, fasting blood sugar, nasal lesions, skin lesions, chest X-rays and other inspection results, compared the differences in the abnormal detection rate of the two groups of respondents, and analyzed the occupational hazards of chromium workers. Results: Incidence of nasal damage, skin lesion, up-regulation of ALT (Alanine aminotransferase), abnormal chest radiograph, abnormal serum biochemical index, and abnormal serum glucose level were observed higher in the exposed group than those in the control group (χ(2)=125.69, 12.25, 5.82, 10.37, 10.46, 20.66, P=0.000, 0.000, 0.016, 0.001, 0.001, 0.000). Among the symptoms, the incidence of erythra, nasal septum deviation, nasal mucosal congestion, nasal mucosal erosion and rhinitis were more frequent than those in the control group (χ(2)=101.54, 4.07, 13.20, 32.05, P=0.000, 0.044, 0.000, 0.000). There was no significant increase in the incidence of work type, age, length of work and the area of nasal mucosa erosion in the observation group compared with the control table, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ(2)=5.31、0.42、0.28, P=0.505, 0.662, 0.871) . Conclusion: Occupational hazards of long-term exposure to chromate cannot be ignored. Attention should be paid to strengthening occupational protection and health education of workers exposed to chromium, and increasing their attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- Qingdao Central Hospital, Health Management Center, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - X C Hu
- Qingdao Central Hospital, Health Management Center, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - R X Tan
- Qingdao Central Hospital, Health Management Center, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - W S Yu
- Qingdao Central Hospital, Health Management Center, Qingdao 266042, China
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Zhang DM, Wang YL, Liu WW, Xu LY, Chen SM. [Establish and application of scoring scale for trial of labor after cesarean section]. Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2022; 57:339-345. [PMID: 35658324 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20220321-00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To establish a scoring scale for trial of labor after cesarean section (TOLAC), to explore the evaluation ability of this scoring scale for vaginal delivery after cesarean section (VBAC), and to improve the success rate of TOLAC. Methods: The delivery information of 661 TOLAC pregnant women admitted to Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University from 2014 to 2017 was retrospectively analyzed, and the TOLAC scoring scale was established by referring to relevant literatures. A prospective cohort study of pregnant women with TOLAC from January 2018 to December 2019 in Zhengzhou Central Hospital was conducted, including 440 pregnant women who were excluded from contraindications in trial labor. According to TOLAC scoring scale, pregnant women were divided into 3 groups, 0-6 group (94 cases), 7-9 group (234 cases) and 10-15 group (112 cases). The success rate of trial labor, failure reasons and incidence of maternal and neonatal complications were compared among the three groups. Results: (1) The overall success rate of TOLAC in 440 pregnant women was 75.0% (330/440). The success rates of 0-6, 7-9 and 10-15 groups were 53.2% (50/94), 76.9% (180/234) and 89.3% (100/112), respectively. The success rate of 10-15 group were significantly higher than those of 0-6 and 7-9 groups (all P<0.05). (2) Among the causes of trial labor failure, there were statistically significant differences between the three groups in terms of threatened uterine rupture and maternal abandonment (all P<0.05). Pairings showed that the incidences of threatened uterine rupture and maternal abandonment in 0-6 group was lower than those in 7-9 and 10-15 groups, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). (3) Maternal and neonatal complications mainly included postpartum hemorrhage and neonatal asphyxia, but there were no significant difference in the incidence of TOLAC success or failure among the three groups (all P>0.05). There was no uterine rupture in all groups. (4) The main factors affecting TOLAC score of pregnant women in the three groups included natural labor, estimated weight of the fetus at this time, Bishop score of the cervix at admission and gestational age, and the scores of the above indexes in 10-15 group were significantly higher than those in 0-6 group and 7-9 group (all P<0.05). Conclusions: TOLAC scoring scale has more accurate evaluation ability for VBAC, which could improve the success rate of TOLAC and maternal and child safety. The score of 0-6 is not recommended for vaginal trial labor, the score of 7-9 is recommended for vaginal trial labor, and the score of 10-15 is strongly recommended for vaginal trial labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Y L Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - W W Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - S M Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Chen LQ, Wang YN, Li DY, Xu LY, Li LJ, Li ZH, Liu H, Liu Q. Construction of a Stable Expression Cell Line of Human Phospholamban. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 37:615-620. [PMID: 35187911 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.400909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To construct a cell line that can stably express human phospholamban(PLN) and initially explore its application in the study of myocardial toxicity mechanism. METHODS FastCloning method was used to insert the open reading frame sequence of target gene PLN into eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA5/FRT/TO(hereinafter referred to as pDFT) to construct the pDFT-PLN-Flag plasmid. The Flp-InTM T-RExTM 293 cells were generated by cotransfection of the constructed plasmid and pOG44 plasmid to express the target gene. Successfully recombined monoclonal cell lines were screened by hygromycin B resistance. Western blot and indirect immunofluorescence (IFA) were used to examine the expression of the target protein in recombinant cells. After the cell line was exposed to aconitine, it was verified by Western blot to detect changes in PLN protein phosphorylation. RESULTS After PCR amplification of the recombinant plasmid and DNA electrophoresis, the length of the amplified product is the same as the known PLN gene fragment, which is consistent with the open reading frame (ORF) sequence of the human PLN gene after sequencing. IFA and Western blot showed that the constructed proliferation cell line can stably express high levels of human PLN under induction and regulation. Preliminary results showed that the phosphorylation level of Thr17-PLN decreased after two hours of exposure to 1 μmol/L aconitine. CONCLUSIONS This human cell line can stably express PLN and can be used to study the mechanism of action of aconitine on the cell at molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Qing Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Ministry of Public Security, People's Republic of China, Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Yu-Ning Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dian-Yi Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lu-Yao Xu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lian-Jie Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ze-Hao Li
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Ministry of Public Security, People's Republic of China, Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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Li YB, Li P, Wang SH, Xu LY, Deng JJ, Jiao JG. [Effects of organic fertilizer application on crop yield and soil properties in rice-wheat rotation system: A meta-analysis]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2021; 32:3231-3239. [PMID: 34658209 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202109.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the effects of organic fertilizer application on crop yield and soil properties in rice-wheat rotation system in China, we carried out a meta-analysis to quantitatively evaluate the effects of organic fertilizer types (ordinary organic fertilizer, biochar, and straw), fertilization regimes (organic fertilizer alone, organic fertilizer + partial chemical fertilizer, and organic fertilizer + full amount of chemical fertilizer), and experiment duration (short term, medium term, and long term) on soil properties and the yield of rice and wheat, as well as their responses to soil conditions (acid, neutral, basic). Results showed that the application of organic fertilizer had similar yield-increase effect on rice yield (3.1%) and wheat yield (3.0%) compared to chemical fertilizer application alone. The effect of organic fertilizer application on soil quality was more obvious, significantly reducing soil bulk density by 5.7%, and increasing the concentrations of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, microbial biomass carbon, and microbial biomass nitrogen by 11.7%-38.4%. Among different types of organic fertilizer, the effects of ordinary organic fertilizer and biochar on soil properties improvement were better than straw. Compared to the organic fertilizer application alone, the effects of organic fertilizer combined with chemical fertilizer on crop yield was better, but poorer on soil property improvement. With the increasing duration of organic fertilizer application, crop yield and soil fertility gradually increased. Under the condition of acid soil, the effect of organic fertilizer application on crop yield was the best. The annual yield of rice and wheat showed significant negative correlation with soil bulk density, but a significant positive correlation with the concentrations of soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and microbial biomass nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Bin Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Peng Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shu-Hua Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lu-Yao Xu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jian-Jun Deng
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jia-Guo Jiao
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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11
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Xu LY, Lai ZC, Shao J, Li K, Zhang X, Ma JY, Liu B. [Endovascular treatment strategies for distal entry tear of Stanford type B aortic dissection]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021; 59:711-715. [PMID: 34192865 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112139-20201011-00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Currently, thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is the first-line treatment for patients with complicated Stanford type B aortic dissections. However, TEVAR does not occlude the distal entry tear of dissections, and blood flow persists in the false lumen. Dissections might progress in some patients. Studies showed that distal entry tear increased the possibility of late aortic events during follow-up. Thus, treatment of distal entry tear is necessary in some high-risk patients after TEVAR. In this article, the current treatment strategies of distal entry tear are summarized, which include PETTICOAT, STABILISE, covered stent, fenestrated and branched stent-grafts, false lumen embolization, vascular occluder, and Knickerbocker. However, the number of the cases of most approaches is so limited that the indications and effectiveness need to be further studied. Selecting the right treatment for the right patient is of great importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Z C Lai
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J Shao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - K Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - J Y Ma
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
| | - B Liu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China
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12
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Pi MY, Xu LY, Kuna KUNA. [Challenges and opportunities of remote diagnosis and treatment management of sleep disordered breathing under the normalization of epidemic situation]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:1635-1637. [PMID: 34126711 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210202-00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Since the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the diagnosis and treatment of diseases has been greatly affected. Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common chronic disease, whose diagnosis and treatment methods have changed dramatically during the epidemic period-from traditional outpatient diagnosis and treatment to online remote diagnosis and treatment based on Internet. The diagnostical capability of major sleep centers has increased instead of decreasing. But with the change of diagnosis and treatment mode, privacy, data security, medical insurance policy and other related issues also emerge as the times require. Under the normalization of epidemic situation, telemedicine not only creates new opportunities, but also faces unprecedented challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Pi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - K U N A Kuna
- Department of Medicine and Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
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Pi MY, Xu LY, Guo JJ, Dong XS, Kuna T, Pack I, Han F. [Feasibility study of telemedicine model for diagnosis and treatment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome in China]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:1671-1675. [PMID: 34126715 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210202-00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the feasibility of applying telemedicine model in disease management for patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in China. Methods: A total of 24 patients were enrolled with suspected OSAHS who were admitted to the Sleep Center of Peking University People's Hospital from October 2015 to September 2016. Patients were diagnosed by electronic questionnaire assessment and home sleep apnea monitoring (HSAT) and were treated with remote automatic positive airway pressure (APAP). After 1 week, 1 month and 3 months of treatment, the patients were followed up by video. The follow-up questionnaire was completed by the patients through an independent data management platform. The APAP treatment data and compliance data were obtained through a built-in digital card of the APAP device. Linear regression model was used to explore the factors related to patient compliance. One-way repeated-measure analysis of variance was used to compare the changes of APAP duration and apnea hypopnea index (AHI) among patients at different treatment time points. Paired t-test was used to compare the EPWORTH scale (ESS) scores before and after treatment. Results: A total of 22 patients were diagnosed with OSAHS, including 20 males (90.9%), aged (45.6±10.2) years and AHI before treatment was (46.9±20.4) times/h. A total of 20 OSAHS patients received APAP treatment, and the proportion of patients with good compliance after 1 week, 1 month and 3 months of treatment were 15/19, 10/19 and 8/18, respectively. The severity of sleepiness before treatment affected compliance. Each 1-point increase in ESS score was associated with a 6.16% (95%CI: 3.01%, 9.31%) increase in compliance. Age, body mass index and AHI before treatment had no effect on compliance (all P values>0.05). The AHI of the patients who had been treated for 1 week, 1 month and 3 months were (2.5±2.1), (2.2±1.6) and (1.9±1.0) times/h, respectively. (P=0.195). After 3 months of treatment, the ESS score was (7.0±3.3), lower than that before treatment (10.6±3.1) (P=0.079). Conclusion: Telemedicine mode of diagnosis and treatment of OSAHS patients has good therapeutic effect and patient compliance, which is practical and feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Pi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - J J Guo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X S Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - T Kuna
- Department of Medicine, Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Philadelphia PA 19104, United States
| | - I Pack
- Department of Medicine and Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania PA 19104, United States
| | - F Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Yu B, Zhang XL, Li SN, Xu LY, Chang Y, Bi TR, Zhou B, Zuo YH, Zhao L, Pei YY, Zhu JH, Han F, Dong XS. [Utility of the type 3 portable monitor for the diagnosis of sleep disordered breathing in patients with stable heart failure]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2021; 101:1676-1682. [PMID: 34126716 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20210202-00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the utility of a type 3 portable monitor (PM) at home for the diagnosis of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in patients with stable congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods: Seventy-six consecutive patients with CHF (61 males, 15 females, mean±standard deviation age (57.0±16.9) years) were enrolled from the sleep center of Peking university People's Hospital during January 2016 to January 2019, and underwent overnight, unattended home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) with a portable monitor followed by an overnight simultaneous polysomnogram (PSG) with in-laboratory portable monitor (in-lab PM) recording within one week. The consistency of apnea hypopnea index (AHI), obstructive sleep apnea index (OAI), central sleep apnea index (CAI) between HSAT and PSG as well as the in-lab PM and PSG were analyzed by Bland-Altman plot; the sensitivity and specificity of PM for the diagnosis of SDB in patients with CHF were evaluated. Results: The number of patients included in the final analysis were 65 in HSAT, 63 in in-lab PM and 65 in PSG. AHI [M(Q1,Q3)] was 26.1 (10.9,40.1) events/h by HSAT, 27.9 (11.3,43.2) events/h by in-lab PM, both were not different from AHI 29.0 (10.2,45.0) events/h by PSG (P>0.05). The AHI, OAI and CAI assessed by HSAT correlated significantly with those by PSG (r=0.892, 0.903, 0.831, P<0.05). Bland-Altman analysis of AHI, OAI, CAI by PSG versus HSAT showed a mean difference of 3.1 events/h, 0.8 events/h, 1.2 events/h; limits of consistency were -15.2 to 21.4 events/h, -9.7 to 11.3 events/h, -10.9 to 13.2 events/h, respectively. Based on a threshold of AHI ≥5 events/h, HSAT had 94.6% sensitivity, 75% specificity, compared to PSG. For detecting Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR), a sensitivity of 96.4%,a specificity of 97.2% were achieved, compared to PSG. Conclusion: Type 3 PM can be used to diagnose SDB in patients with CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X L Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - S N Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y Chang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - T R Bi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - B Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y H Zuo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y Y Pei
- Department of Emergency, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - J H Zhu
- Department of Emergency, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - F Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X S Dong
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Ding LN, Cheng Y, Xu LY, Zhou LQ, Guan L, Liu HM, Zhang YX, Li RM, Xu JW. The β3 Adrenergic Receptor Agonist CL316243 Ameliorates the Metabolic Abnormalities of High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats by Activating AMPK/PGC-1α Signaling in Skeletal Muscle. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:1233-1241. [PMID: 33776460 PMCID: PMC7987271 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s297351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Skeletal muscle has a major influence on whole-body metabolic homeostasis. In the present study, we aimed to determine the metabolic effects of the β3 adrenergic receptor agonist CL316243 (CL) in the skeletal muscle of high-fat diet-fed rats. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated to three groups, which were fed a control diet (C) or a high-fat diet (HF), and half of the latter were administered 1 mg/kg CL by gavage once weekly (HF+CL), for 12 weeks. At the end of this period, the serum lipid profile and glucose tolerance of the rats were evaluated. In addition, the phosphorylation and protein and mRNA expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator (PGC)-1α, and carnitine palmitoyl transferase (CPT)-1b in skeletal muscle were measured by Western blot analysis and qPCR. The direct effects of CL on the phosphorylation (p-) and expression of AMPK, PGC-1α, and CPT-1b were also evaluated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence in L6 myotubes. RESULTS CL administration ameliorated the abnormal lipid profile and glucose tolerance of the high-fat diet-fed rats. In addition, the expression of p-AMPK, PGC-1α, and CPT-1b in the soleus muscle was significantly increased by CL. CL (1 µM) also increased the protein expression of p-AMPK, PGC-1α, and CPT-1b in L6 myotubes. However, the effect of CL on PGC-1α protein expression was blocked by the AMPK antagonist compound C, which suggests that CL increases PGC-1α protein expression via AMPK. CONCLUSION Activation of the β3 adrenergic receptor in skeletal muscle ameliorates the metabolic abnormalities of high-fat diet-fed rats, at least in part via activation of the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Na Ding
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya Cheng
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu-Yao Xu
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Le-Quan Zhou
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Guan
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai-Mei Liu
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya-Xing Zhang
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Run-Mei Li
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Wen Xu
- The Research Center of Basic Integrative Medicine, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jin-Wen Xu Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, University Town, Waihuan East Road 232, Guangzhou, 510006, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-20-39358028Fax +86-20-39358020 Email
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Wu L, Yu YH, Li L, Xu LY, Ruan XX, Lin CB, Zhao JP. [Clinical effect of nebulized acetylcysteine inhalation combined with bronchoscopy in the treatment of elderly patients with severe ventilator-associated pneumonia]. Zhonghua Shao Shang Za Zhi 2020; 36:267-272. [PMID: 32340416 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn501120-20200229-00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical effect of nebulized acetylcysteine inhalation combined with bronchoscopy in treating elderly patients with severe ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Methods: From January 2016 to December 2017, 80 elderly patients with severe VAP who were hospitalized in Zhejiang Hospital were divided into acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group [24 males and 16 females, aged (78±7) years] and bronchoscopy group [26 males and 14 females, aged (80±7) years]using random number table for a prospective cohort study. Patients in bronchoscopy group were treated with bronchoscopy in addition to conventional supportive care of symptoms. Patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group received nebulized acetylcysteine inhalation therapy on the basis of the treatment given to patients in bronchoscopy group. Patients in both groups received treatment continuously for 7 days. The simplified clinical pulmonary infection score (CPIS) in both groups was assessed before and after treatment. Venous blood of 10 mL was collected before and after treatment to detect leukocyte count, serum C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin. Arterial blood of 1 mL was collected before and after treatment to detect partial arterial oxygen pressure (PaO(2)), partial arterial carbon dioxide pressure (PaCO(2)), oxygenation index. The inhalation platform pressure (Pplat), dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn), airway resistance, work of breathing, time of antibiotic use, and time of mechanical ventilation of patients in two groups were recorded before and after treatment. Data were statistically analyzed with chi-square test and t test. Results: (1) The simplified CPIS, leukocyte count, serum C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin of patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group were significantly lower than those in bronchoscopy group after treatment (t=2.32, 2.15, 6.08, 7.12, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The simplified CPIS, leukocyte count, serum C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin of patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group and bronchoscopy group after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (t=13.76, 13.60, 12.70, 8.32, 11.44, 14.28, 9.48, 9.50, P<0.01). (2) Compared with bronchoscopy group, patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group had significantly higher PaO(2) and oxygenation index (t=4.14, 2.55, P<0.05 or P<0.01) but significantly lower PaCO(2) (t=4.36, P<0.01) after treatment. The PaO(2) and oxygenation index of patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (t=10.90, 43.72, P<0.01). The PaO(2) and oxygenation index of patients in bronchoscopy group after treatment were also significantly higher than those before treatment (t=6.55, 43.03, P<0.01). The PaCO(2) of patients in both groups after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (t=21.54, 21.92, P<0.01). (3) The Cdyn of patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group after treatment was significantly higher than that in bronchoscopy group (t=5.41, P<0.01), and Pplat, airway resistance, and work of breathing were significantly lower than those in bronchoscopy group (t=2.18, 5.46, 2.49, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The Cdyn of patients in both groups after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment (t=16.10, 10.90, P<0.01), and Pplat, airway resistance, and work of breathing were significantly lower than those before treatment (t=21.18, 11.13, 9.32, 15.50, 5.17, 5.97, P<0.01). (4)The time of mechanical ventilation and antibiotic usage of patients in acetylcysteine+ bronchoscopy group were (6.9±1.9)and (8.7±2.8) d, respectively, which were significantly shorter than (10.1±2.2) and (11.6±3.5) d in bronchoscopy group (t=6.85, 4.09, P<0.01). Conclusions: Nebulized acetylcysteine inhalation combined with bronchoscopy can significantly control the degree of lung infection in elderly patients with severe VAP, improve patients' respiratory mechanics parameter and blood gas analysis indicator, and shorten the time for mechanical ventilation and antibiotic usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Y H Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - X X Ruan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - C B Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - J P Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
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Wang Q, Xu LY, Lei FZ, Lin JX, Song L, Li XY. Stature estimation from body dimensions in Han population of Southern China. J Forensic Sci Med 2020. [DOI: 10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_39_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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18
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Meng H, Ma KJ, Dong LM, Li CT, Xiao B, Xu LY, Huang P, Xie JH. Research Progress on Age Estimation Based on DNA Methylation. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 35:537-544. [PMID: 31833286 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Age estimation is of great significance in the fields of criminal investigation and forensic identification. It can provide the age information of individuals to judicial departments to facilitate the development of judicial work. In recent years, age estimation methods expanded from the morphological level to the molecular biology level. With the rapid development of epigenetics represented by DNA methylation, and the advancement of DNA methylation detection technology together with the detection platform, many age estimation methods based on DNA methylation biomarkers, or using several biological fluids, such as blood, blood stains, saliva, semen stains, etc. are developed. Currently, researches related to age estimation based on DNA methylation are relatively widely carried out. This paper summarizes the researches on age estimation based on DNA methylation, in order to provide references for related studies and forensic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Meng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai 200083, China.,Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau, Shanghai 200083, China.,Department of Forensic Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - K J Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai 200083, China.,Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - L M Dong
- Minhang Branch of Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - C T Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - B Xiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai 200083, China.,Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai 200083, China.,Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - P Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Shanghai Forensic Service Platform, Academy of Forensic Science, Shanghai 200063, China
| | - J H Xie
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Wen YF, Chang Y, Xu LY, Dong XS, Zhao L, Zhang XL, Li J, Zuo YH, Zhang W, Gao YH, Han F. [Utility of the type 3 portable monitor for the diagnosis of patients with obstructive sleep apnea]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:2994-2999. [PMID: 31607031 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.38.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the utility of a portable monitor at home for diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in Chinese adults. Methods: Eighty nine patients suspected of OSA underwent overnight, unattended home sleep apnea testing (HSAT) with a portable monitor (Nox-T3, Nox Medical Inc. Iceland)followed by an in-laboratory polysomnogram (PSG) with simultaneous portable monitor (PM) recording within one week. PSG and PM recorder were scored according to recommended guidelines by independent technicians. The correlation between PSG apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and PM respiratory disturbance index (RDI) were evaluated. Results: Sleep testing showed RDI was (30.0±20.9) events/h on HSAT, and (33.4±22.4) events/h on in-laboratory PM recording. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) on PSG was (35.1±23.7) events/h. There was significantly statistical difference among the three group (P<0.001). Both RDI on HSAT and RDI on in-laboratory PM correlated significantly with AHI on PSG (r=0.877, P<0.001 and r=0.962, P<0.001, respectively). Bland-Altman analysis of AHI on PSG versus RDI on HSAT showed a mean difference of 4.4 events/h; limits of agreement was -17.6 to 26.5 events/h. Closer agreements were present when comparing the simultaneous recordings, with AHI on PSG versus RDI on in-laboratory PM showing a mean difference of 1.4 events/h, and limits of agreement was -11.3 to 14.2 events/h. Based on a threshold of AHI≥5 events/h, RDI on HSAT had 98.8% sensitivity, 40.0% specificity. Using an AHI ≥ 15 events/h, RDI on HSAT had 91.5% sensitivity, 76.5% specificity. Conclusion: Type 3 PM has a good diagnostic value for adult OSA patients and there is close agreement between the Type 3 portable monitor and PSG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y F Wen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y Chang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X S Dong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X L Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y H Zuo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | | | - Y H Gao
- PKU-UPenn Sleep Center, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - F Han
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Li SS, Tan HZ, Xu YW, Wu ZY, Wu JY, Zhao XK, Wang LD, Long L, Li EM, Xu LY, Zhang JJ. [The association between the whole blood riboflavin level and the occurrence, development and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 53:1124-1129. [PMID: 31683399 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-9624.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between the whole blood riboflavin level and the occurrence, development and prognosis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in China. Methods: From March 2014 to September 2018, ESCC patients from three hospitals (the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou Central Hospital in Southern Chaoshan area and First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in Northern Taihang Mountain) were selected as a case group; non-esophageal patients who had a physical examination were selected as a control group. The case and control group were paired by age (±5 years) and a 1:1 ration. A total of 1 528 subjects were enrolled including 764 patients in the case group and 764 patients in the control group. About 3-5 ml venous blood samples were collected, and the erythrocyte glutathione reductase activity coefficient (GRAC) was measured to assess the whole blood riboflavin level. A multivariate conditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between the GRAC and the risk of ESCC. The association between the GRAC and the prognosis of ESCC was analyzed by using Cox proportional risk regression model based on 288 patients with complete survival data. They were divided into two groups, the high GRAC group (GRAC≥7.87) group and the low GRAC group (GRAC<7.87) according to the strongest correlation between the total survival time, survival outcome and GRAC (GRAC=7.87). Results: Among the 1 528 patients, 958 patients were from Southern Chaoshan area, including 479 patients in the case group with an average age about (59.90±9.34) years and 479 patients in the control group with an average age about (59.55±8.77) years. Other 570 patients were from Northern Taihang Mountain area, including 285 patients in the case group with an average age (58.39±5.19) years and 285 patients in the control group with an average age about (58.74±4.57) years. The multivariate conditional logistic regression showed that the OR (95%CI) of the GRAC and the risk of ESCC was 1.009 (0.998-1.019). The Cox proportional hazard regression model analysis showed that the HR (95%CI) of the high GRAC group was 1.712 (1.034-2.824) compared with the low GRAC group in the 50-70 years group. Conclusion: The whole blood riboflavin level might not be associated with the occurrence of ESCC. The high whole blood riboflavin level would be more beneficial to the prognosis of ESCC patients aged 50-70 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - H Z Tan
- Shantou University Medical College/Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Y W Xu
- Shantou University Medical College/Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Z Y Wu
- Department of Oncologic Surgery, Shantou Central Hospital/Affiliated Shantou Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - J Y Wu
- Shantou University Medical College/Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou 515041, China
| | - X K Zhao
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - L D Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research of The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - L Long
- Shantou University Medical College/Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou 515041, China
| | - E M Li
- Shantou University Medical College/Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou 515041, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Shantou University Medical College/Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Shantou 515041, China
| | - J J Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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Chen WX, Cheng L, Xu LY, Zhu YL. A short follow-up of prosthesis-based breast reconstruction using TiLOOP ® Bra surgical mesh. Niger J Clin Pract 2019; 22:1115-1119. [PMID: 31417055 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_487_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background A new approach for prosthesis-based breast reconstruction is the use of a titanium-coated polypropylene mesh TiLOOP® Bra. However, the safety and outcomes are currently unclear in Chinese breast cancer patients. Methods A retrospective study of patients undergoing prosthesis-based breast reconstruction using TiLOOP® Bra was carried out. Complications were divided into minor complications (require conservative treatment) and major complications (require surgical intervention). The influence of patient- and surgery-related characteristics on complications was analyzed. Results Postoperative hematoma and seroma were respectively found in one and two breasts and could be treated conservatively. In three breasts skin infection occurred immediately after surgery resulting in skin necrosis of two breasts and wound dehiscence of one breast. These three breasts were treated with mesh removal, and revisionary surgery. Increased risk of mesh removal and implant explantation were observed in case of skin infection (P = 0.011) and skin necrosis (P = 0.033). Neither patient-related characteristics including age >50 years, BMI >25 kg/m2, and postoperative radiotherapy/chemotherapy, nor surgery-related characteristics including sentinel lymph node biopsy or axillary dissection alone, and curative/prophylactic surgery were significantly correlated with minor and major complications. Ultrasound evaluation showed a well-incorporated mesh into surrounding tissue. Conclusion This titanium-coated polypropylene mesh showed acceptable complications and could be used safely in prosthesis-based breast reconstruction by stabilizing the implant pocket. Longer follow-up data and more randomized trials are necessary to determine the clinical use of this mesh.
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Affiliation(s)
- W X Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - L Cheng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
| | - Y L Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou, China
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Xu LY, Lai GX, Hu Q, Zhang L, Liu DL, Zhu GB, Li XH, Shi HH, Xu C, Yu YH, Bao YW, Chen W. [A clinican linical analysis of 29 cases of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2019; 41:100-104. [PMID: 29429215 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-0939.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To improve the understanding of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) by analyzing the clinical manifestations, imaging and pathological features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this disease. Methods: Cases of CPA, proven by microbiological evidence based on pathological study in Fuzhou General Hospital of the People's Liberation Army and Affiliated Fuzhou City First Hospital of Fijian Medical University from January 2006 to October 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: The patients consisted of 17 males and 12 females, aged 24 to 75 years, mean (42±16) years. The underlying disorders included post-tuberculosis infection (n=11), bronchiectasis (n=8), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (n=3) and diabetes mellitus (n=2). The main clinical symptoms included productive cough (n=25), chronic sputum production (n=18) and hemoptysis (n=15). Serum GM antigen tests were performed in 19 cases, and the result was positive in 12 patients. BALF GM antigen tests were performed in 2 cases, both of which were positive. Chest CT showed that the lesions were located predominantly in the upper lobes (n=24). Single cavity with interior irregular intraluminal material (n=16) and multiple cavities with interior irregular intraluminal material (n=10) were the most frequent CT findings, while the "air crescent sign" was found in 13 cases. In the 22 patients who underwent surgical treatment, Aspergillus filaments were found in the cavity (n=20) or the bronchi (n=2) of lung samples, and histological examination didn't show tissue invasion by fungi. Surgical therapy was performed in 22 patients, with complete remission in 19 cases, and death in 3 cases. Anti-fungal therapy was administered in 6 patients, with partial remission in 4, and stable disease in 2 cases. One patient was not treated. Conclusions: CPA is more frequently seen in patients with underlying chronic pulmonary diseases. The common CT findings are single or multiple cavities with interior irregular intraluminal materials. Aspergillus filament in the cavity or bronchi of lung samples, without parenchymal invasion, is the proof of CPA. The surgical cure rate for simple aspergilloma and aspergillus nodule is high, while the risk of operation for chronic cavitary disease is high. GM antigen test may be an evidence for diagnosing CPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- Department of Respiration, Affiliate Fuzhou City First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350009, China
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Zou YC, Cai SX, Xu LY. [Fifteen-year follow-up of a skeletal class Ⅲ patient after orthodontic treatment with extraction of four premolars]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2018; 53:608-611. [PMID: 30196621 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1002-0098.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y C Zou
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - S X Cai
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - L Y Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Xu LY, Wang MY, Shi XZ, Yu QB, Shi YJ, Xu SX, Sun WX. Effect of long-term organic fertilization on the soil pore characteristics of greenhouse vegetable fields converted from rice-wheat rotation fields. Sci Total Environ 2018; 631-632:1243-1250. [PMID: 29727949 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The shift from rice-wheat rotation (RWR) to greenhouse vegetable soils has been widely practiced in China. Several studies have discussed the changes in soil properties with land-use changes, but few studies have sought to address the differences in soil pore properties, especially for fields based on long-term organic fertilization under greenhouse vegetable system from RWR fields. This study uses the X-ray computed tomography (CT) scanning and statistical analysis to compare the long-term effects of the conversion of organic greenhouse vegetable fields (over one year, nine years, and fourteen years) from RWR fields on the soil macropore structure as well as the influencing factors from samples obtained in Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, using the surface soil layer and triplicate samples. The results demonstrated that the macropore structure became more complex and stable, with a higher connectivity, fractal dimension (FD) and a lower degree of anisotropy (DA), as the greenhouse vegetable planting time increased. The total topsoil macroporosity increased considerably, but the rate of increase gradually decelerated with time. The transmission pores (round pores ranging from 50 to 500μm) increased with time, but the biopores (>2000μm) clearly decreased after nine years of use as greenhouse vegetable fields. Soil organic matter (OM) has a significant relationship with the soil pore structure characteristics, especially for the transmission pores. In addition, organic fertilization on the topsoil had a short-term effect on the pores, but the effect stabilized and had a weak influence on the pores over longer periods. These results suggested that organic fertilization was conducive for controlling soil degradation regarding it physical quality for water and oxygen availability in the short term.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - M Y Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - X Z Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Q B Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Y J Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - S X Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - W X Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Han YD, Zhang SM, Jing HY, Wei J, Bu FH, Zhao L, Lv XQ, Xu LY. The fabrication of highly conductive and flexible Ag patterning through baking Ag nanosphere-nanoplate hybrid ink at a low temperature of 100 °C. Nanotechnology 2018; 29:135301. [PMID: 29432209 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaaa31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
With the aim of developing highly conductive ink for flexible electronics on heat-sensitive substrates, Ag nanospheres and nanoplates were mixed to synthesize hybrid inks. Five kinds of hybrid ink and two types of pure ink were written to square shape on Epson photo paper using rollerball pens, and sintered at a low temperature (100 °C). The microstructure, electrical resistivity, surface porosity, hardness and flexibility of silver patterns were systematically investigated and compared. It was observed that the optimal mixing ratio of nanospheres and nanoplates was 1:1, which equipped the directly written pattern with excellent electrical and mechanical properties. The electrical resistivity was 0.103 μΩ · m, only 6.5 times that of bulk silver. The enhancement compared to pure silver nanospheres or nanoplates based ink was due to the combined action of nanospheres and nanoplates. This demonstrates a valuable way to prepare Ag nanoink with good performance for printed/written electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y D Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
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26
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Li B, Xu WW, Han L, Chan KT, Tsao SW, Lee NPY, Law S, Xu LY, Li EM, Chan KW, Qin YR, Guan XY, He QY, Cheung ALM. MicroRNA-377 suppresses initiation and progression of esophageal cancer by inhibiting CD133 and VEGF. Oncogene 2017; 36:3986-4000. [PMID: 28288140 PMCID: PMC5511242 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the most lethal cancers worldwide with poor survival and limited therapeutic options. The discovery of microRNAs created a new milestone in cancer research. miR-377 is located in chromosome region 14q32, which is frequently deleted in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but the biological functions, clinical significance and therapeutic implication of miR-377 in ESCC are largely unknown. In this study, we found that miR-377 expression was significantly downregulated in tumor tissue and serum of patients with ESCC. Both tumor tissue and serum miR-377 expression levels were positively correlated with patient survival. Higher serum miR-377 expression was inversely associated with pathologic tumor stage, distant metastasis, residual tumor status and chemoradiotherapy resistance. The roles of miR-377 in suppressing tumor initiation and progression, and the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. Results of in vitro and in vivo experiments showed that miR-377 overexpression inhibited the initiation, growth and angiogenesis of ESCC tumors as well as metastatic colonization of ESCC cells, whereas silencing of miR-377 had opposite effects. Mechanistically, miR-377 regulated CD133 and VEGF by directly binding to their 3' untranslated region. Moreover, systemic delivery of formulated miR-377 mimic not only suppressed tumor growth in nude mice but also blocked tumor angiogenesis and metastasis of ESCC cells to the lungs without overt toxicity to mice. Collectively, our study established that miR-377 plays a functional and significant role in suppressing tumor initiation and progression, and may represent a promising non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and therapeutic strategy for patients with ESCC.
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MESH Headings
- AC133 Antigen/genetics
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Animals
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/mortality
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Disease Progression
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis
- Esophageal Neoplasms/genetics
- Esophageal Neoplasms/mortality
- Esophageal Neoplasms/pathology
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred NOD
- Mice, Nude
- Mice, SCID
- MicroRNAs/physiology
- Middle Aged
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- B Li
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
- The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, China
- Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
| | - W W Xu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
- The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, China
| | - L Han
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
- The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, China
| | - K T Chan
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
| | - S W Tsao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
- Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
| | - N P Y Lee
- Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
| | - S Law
- Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
- Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
| | - L Y Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - E M Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for High Cancer Incidence Coastal Chaoshan Area, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - K W Chan
- The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, China
- Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
| | - Y R Qin
- Department of Clinical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - X Y Guan
- Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
- Department of Clinical oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
| | - Q Y He
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, 601 West Huangpu Blvd., Guangzhou, China
| | - A L M Cheung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
- The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), Shenzhen, China
- Centre for Cancer Research, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, SAR, China. E-mail:
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Jia HB, Ma JX, Ma XL, Yu JT, Feng R, Xu LY, Wang J, Xing D, Zhu SW, Wang Y. Estrogen alone or in combination with parathyroid hormone can decrease vertebral MEF2 and sclerostin expression and increase vertebral bone mass in ovariectomized rats. Osteoporos Int 2014; 25:2743-54. [PMID: 25074352 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-014-2818-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The study is about the regulatory effects of estrogen and parathyroid hormone (PTH) on sclerostin, a protein that inhibits the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The results indicate that estrogen may down-regulate sclerostin expression and that estrogen displays synergistic action with PTH. These results provide a new perspective on the relationship between estrogen and bone. PURPOSE To investigate whether estrogen can down-regulate SOST and MEF2 (myocyte enhancer factor 2) expression and whether co-treatment with estrogen and PTH has a stronger effect on suppressing SOST than PTH applied alone in ovariectomized rats. METHODS Forty-three-month-old virgin female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were ovariectomized and divided into four groups (n = 10). Another ten age-matched rats received sham operations as controls. After allowing 8 weeks for the development of vertebral osteopenia, the rats were administered the drug intervention. For this intervention, the estrogen group was subcutaneously injected with 17β-estradiol at 25 μg/kg body weight, the PTH group was injected with 80 μg/kg synthetic human PTH (1-34), and the co-treatment group was concurrently treated with PTH and estrogen at the above dosage. The OVX group and sham group were treated with vehicle. The drug treatment was conducted for 12 weeks. After the lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) was measured, the rats were sacrificed, and the lumbar spine and blood were collected for qPCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and other tests. RESULTS Estrogen can down-regulate MEF2 and sclerostin expression, and co-treatment with estrogen and PTH has a stronger effect on suppressing MEF2 and SOST mRNA than PTH alone. The co-treatment group displayed slightly higher bone mass and biomechanical properties than the PTH group, but the differences were not significant. CONCLUSIONS Estrogen appears to be a regulator of sclerostin, and the effect may involve suppressing MEF2s. Combined treatment with PTH and estrogen is not more beneficial for vertebral bone mass and strength than treatment with PTH alone in ovariectomized rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Jia
- Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Street, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China
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Abstract
Because of the high emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into the environment by the increasing number of vehicles in Beijing and the absorption of these PAHs onto particulates, the performance of a preliminary health risk assessment of the aggregate exposure to PAHs of urban citizens in daily life is very important. Urban dust can be used to examine the aggregation of atmospheric particulates from local pollution sources over a long time period and the direct exposure of the urban human population. The environment's correlative with clothing, dining, residing, and traveling in urban daily life was assessed using exposure-receptor-oriented analysis. The multipathway exposure model was used to simulate the lifetime exposure of a female citizen to PAHs in dust. All of the PAH concentrations in dust for each behavior and its correlative environment in Beijing were acceptable because all of the carcinogenic risks of PAHs in the dust were approximately 1.0 × 10(-6). The dominant induced carcinogenic risks in the dust were Benzo(a)pyrene and Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene. The main carcinogenic risk routes for humans were dermal contact and oral intake, which contributed on average 99.78% of the risk. Indoor risk is especially important, as the decoration and height within the building were important impact factors for carcinogenic risk induced by indoor PAHs. For people living in an urban area, a healthy lifestyle includes less decoration per room, living on a low floor, wearing a respirator, and reducing exposed skin area when traveling.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100875, China
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Abstract
With the aim of preparing a method for the writing of electronics on paper by the use of common commercial rollerball pens loaded with conductive ink, hybrid conductive ink composed of Ag nanoparticles (15 wt%) and graphene-Ag composite nanosheets (0.15 wt%) formed by depositing Ag nanoparticles (∼10 nm) onto graphene sheets was prepared for the first time. Owing to the electrical pathway effect of graphene and the decreased contact resistance of graphene junctions by depositing Ag nanoparticles (NPs) onto graphene sheets, the concentration of Ag NPs was significantly reduced while maintaining high conductivity at a curing temperature of 100 ° C. A typical resistivity value measured was 1.9 × 10(-7) Ω m, which is 12 times the value for bulk silver. Even over thousands of bending cycles or rolling, the resistance values of writing tracks only increase slightly. The stability and flexibility of the writing circuits are good, demonstrating the promising future of this hybrid ink and direct writing method.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Advanced Joining Technology, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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30
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Abstract
With the aim of preparing paper-based writing electronics, a kind of conductive pen was made with nano-silver ink as the conductive component and a rollerball pen as the writing implement. This was used to direct-write conductive patterns on Epson photo paper. In order to decrease the sintering temperature, pressure was introduced to enhance the driving forces for sintering. Compared with hot sintering without pressure, hot-pressure can effectively improve the conductivity of silver coatings, reduce the sintering time and thus improve productivity. Importantly, pressure can achieve a more uniform and denser microstructure, which increases the connection strength of the silver coating. At the optimum hot-pressure condition (sintering temperature 120 ° C/sintering pressure 25 MPa/sintering time 15 min), a typical measured resistivity value was 1.43 × 10⁻⁷ Ω m, nine greater than that of bulk silver. This heat treatment process is compatible with paper and does not cause any damage to the paper substrates. Even after several thousand bending cycles, the resistivity values of writing tracks by hot-pressure sintering stay almost the same (from 1.43 × 10⁻⁷ to 1.57 × 10⁻⁷ Ω m). The stability and flexibility of the writing circuits are good, which demonstrates the promising future of writing electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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31
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Xu LY, Xie XD, Li S. Correlation analysis of the urban heat island effect and the spatial and temporal distribution of atmospheric particulates using TM images in Beijing. Environ Pollut 2013; 178:102-114. [PMID: 23558302 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study combines the methods of observation statistics and remote sensing retrieval, using remote sensing information including the urban heat island (UHI) intensity index, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the normalized difference water index (NDWI), and the difference vegetation index (DVI) to analyze the correlation between the urban heat island effect and the spatial and temporal concentration distributions of atmospheric particulates in Beijing. The analysis establishes (1) a direct correlation between UHI and DVI; (2) an indirect correlation among UHI, NDWI and DVI; and (3) an indirect correlation among UHI, NDVI, and DVI. The results proved the existence of three correlation types with regional and seasonal effects and revealed an interesting correlation between UHI and DVI, that is, if UHI is below 0.1, then DVI increases with the increase in UHI, and vice versa. Also, DVI changes more with UHI in the two middle zones of Beijing.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, PR China.
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32
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Xu LY, Zhao FP, Sheng XH, Ren HX, Zhang L, Wei CH, Du LX. Optimal Design for Marker-assisted Gene Pyramiding in Cross Population. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2012; 25:772-84. [PMID: 25049625 PMCID: PMC4093085 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2011] [Revised: 11/07/2011] [Accepted: 10/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Marker-assisted gene pyramiding aims to produce individuals with superior economic traits according to the optimal breeding scheme which involves selecting a series of favorite target alleles after cross of base populations and pyramiding them into a single genotype. Inspired by the science of evolutionary computation, we used the metaphor of hill-climbing to model the dynamic behavior of gene pyramiding. In consideration of the traditional cross program of animals along with the features of animal segregating populations, four types of cross programs and two types of selection strategies for gene pyramiding are performed from a practical perspective. Two population cross for pyramiding two genes (denoted II), three population cascading cross for pyramiding three genes(denoted III), four population symmetry (denoted IIII-S) and cascading cross for pyramiding four genes (denoted IIII-C), and various schemes (denoted cross program-A–E) are designed for each cross program given different levels of initial favorite allele frequencies, base population sizes and trait heritabilities. The process of gene pyramiding breeding for various schemes are simulated and compared based on the population hamming distance, average superior genotype frequencies and average phenotypic values. By simulation, the results show that the larger base population size and the higher the initial favorite allele frequency the higher the efficiency of gene pyramiding. Parents cross order is shown to be the most important factor in a cascading cross, but has no significant influence on the symmetric cross. The results also show that genotypic selection strategy is superior to phenotypic selection in accelerating gene pyramiding. Moreover, the method and corresponding software was used to compare different cross schemes and selection strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing 100193, China
| | - F P Zhao
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing 100193, China ; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - X H Sheng
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing 100193, China
| | - H X Ren
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing 100193, China
| | - L Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing 100193, China
| | - C H Wei
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing 100193, China
| | - L X Du
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, National Center for Molecular Genetics and Breeding of Animal, Beijing 100193, China
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Ng VWS, Kong APS, Choi KC, Ozaki R, Wong GWK, So WY, Tong PCY, Sung RYT, Xu LY, Chan MHM, Ho CS, Lam CWK, Chan JCN. BMI and waist circumference in predicting cardiovascular risk factor clustering in Chinese adolescents. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2007; 15:494-503. [PMID: 17299123 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2007.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To derive the optimal BMI and waist circumference (WC) cut-off values to predict clustering of cardiovascular risk factors in Hong Kong Chinese adolescents. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES A total of 2102 Hong Kong Chinese 12 to 19 years of age were recruited. Participants were considered to have clustering of risk factors if at least three of the following risk factors were present: 1) high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) < or = 1.03 mM, 2) low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) > or = 2.6 mM, 3) triglyceride (TG) > or = 1.24 mM, 4) fasting plasma glucose (FPG) >/=6.1 mM, and 5) age-, sex-, and height-adjusted systolic or diastolic blood pressure (BP) > or = 90th percentile. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves were generated to identify the optimal age-adjusted BMI and WC cut-off values to predict clustering of risk factors in boys and girls separately. These age-adjusted BMI and WC cut-offs were transformed to percentile values. Cole's lambda-mu-sigma (LMS) method was used to obtain smoothed age-specific BMI and WC at these percentile values. RESULTS The areas under ROC curves for BMI in girls and boys were 0.85 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.77 to 0.92] and 0.76 (95% CI, 0.66 to 0.85), respectively. The respective areas under ROC curves for WC in girls and boys were 0.82 (95% CI, 0.74 to 0.91) and 0.78 (95% CI, 0.68 to 0.87). The optimal BMI thresholds were at the 78th percentile for girls and the 72nd percentile for boys. The respective values for WC were at the 77th percentile for girls and the 76th percentile for boys. The sensitivities and specificities of these cut-off values ranged from 72% to 80%. DISCUSSION Age- and sex-specific BMI and WC cut-off values can be used to identify adolescents with clustering of cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa W S Ng
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
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Xie JJ, Xu LY, Zhang HH, Cai WJ, Mai RQ, Xie YM, Yang ZM, Niu YD, Shen ZY, Li EM. Role of fascin in the proliferation and invasiveness of esophageal carcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 337:355-62. [PMID: 16185662 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2005] [Accepted: 09/08/2005] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Fascin, an actin-bundling protein, induces membrane protrusions and increases cell motility in various transformed cells. The overexpression of fascin in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has been described only recently, but the roles and mechanism still remained unclear. Here, by using RNA interference (RNAi), we have stably silenced the expression of the fascin in EC109 cells, an ESCC cell line. Down-regulation of fascin resulted in a suppression of cell proliferation and as well as a decrease in cell invasiveness. Furthermore, we revealed that fascin might have functions in regulating tumor growth in vivo. The effect of fascin on cell invasiveness correlated with the activation of matrix metalloproteases such as MMP-2 and MMP-9. We examined that fascin down-expression also led to a decrease of c-erbB-2 and beta-catenin at the protein level. These results suggested that fascin might play crucial roles in regulating neoplasm progression of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, PR China
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35
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Chan PKS, Chang AR, Cheung JLK, Chan DPC, Xu LY, Tang NLS, Cheng AF. Determinants of cervical human papillomavirus infection: differences between high- and low-oncogenic risk types. J Infect Dis 2002; 185:28-35. [PMID: 11756978 DOI: 10.1086/338010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2001] [Revised: 09/17/2001] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional survey assessed the determinants of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections among 2080 women who participated in cervical cancer screening. HPVs were typed by restriction and sequencing analyses. The prevalence of HPV was 7.3% (4.2% for high-risk, 1.9% for low-risk, and 2.1% for unknown-risk types). High-risk HPV prevalence decreased with age, whereas low- and unknown-risk HPVs had a second peak in older women. Young age was the only common variable associated with the 3 groups of HPV infections. Lifetime number of sex partners was associated with high- and low-risk types but not with unknown-risk HPVs. Previous Pap smear, treatment for cervical lesions, induced abortion, smoking and having smoker(s) in the family were risk factors for high-risk HPVs. Barrier contraception was protective for low-risk HPVs; current vaginal discharge had a negative association with unknown-risk HPVs. The results indicate that different risk profiles exist for infections with different HPV groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul K S Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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36
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Shen ZY, Xu LY, Li C, Cai WJ, Shen J, Chen JY, Zeng Y. A comparative study of telomerase activity and malignant phenotype in multistage carcinogenesis of esophageal epithelial cells induced by human papillomavirus. Int J Mol Med 2001; 8:633-9. [PMID: 11712078 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.8.6.633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To examine certain characteristics of multistep carcinogenesis, we studied telomerase activity and malignant phenotypes in the immortal, premalignant and malignant stages of esophageal epithelial cells induced by HPV. An immortalized human fetal esophageal epithelial cell line (SHEE) was induced by E6E7 genes of human papillomavirus (HPV) type 18. Cells in the 10th passage, (SHEE10), 31st passage (SHEE31), 61st passage (SHEE61) and SHEE61A which were selected and expanded from anchorage-independent growth colonies of SHEE61, were examined as follows: cell morphology by electron-microscopy; the cell cycle by flow cytometry, telomerase activity by TRAP assay, tumorigenic detection including anchorage-independent growth by soft agar culture and tumor formation by inoculating cells into SCID and nude mice, and detection of HPV18 E6E7 oncoprotein by Western blot. The morphology of the SHEE10 cells exhibited good differentiation, the SHEE60 and SHEE61A cells were relatively poorly differentiated, and the SHEE31 cells were differentiated in two distinct ways. The telomerase was activated in SHEE31, SHEE61 and SHEE61A, but not in SHEE10 cells. SHEE61 and SHEE61A cells were weakened in contact-inhibition and increased in anchorage-independent growth. Inoculated into SCID and nude mice, the cells of the earlier two passages could not develop tumors; the SHEE61 developed one tumor in four SCID mice, but not in nude mice, and the SHEE61A cells developed tumors in both strains of immunodeficient mice. HPV18 E6E7 DNA detection by Western blotting was positive in all cell passages. In the process of carcinogenesis by HPV, the cells of SHEE31 are in an immortalized state with telomerase activity. The fact that SHEE61 cells remained immortalized and also demonstrated anchorage-independent growth, reveals premalignant character; the cells of SHEE61A exhibited malignant transformation with tumor formation in mice. The results revealed that the telomerase activity, anchorage-independent growth and tumor formation in nude mice are the indicators for immortalization, premalignancy and malignancy, respectively.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Division
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/genetics
- Cell Transformation, Viral/genetics
- DNA-Binding Proteins
- Epithelial Cells/enzymology
- Epithelial Cells/ultrastructure
- Epithelial Cells/virology
- Esophagus/cytology
- Humans
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Mice, SCID
- Microscopy, Electron
- Neoplasm Transplantation
- Neoplasms, Experimental/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Viral/metabolism
- Papillomaviridae/genetics
- Papillomaviridae/physiology
- Phenotype
- Telomerase/metabolism
- Transplantation, Heterologous
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Shen
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, P.R. China.
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37
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Abstract
We studied cytogenesis, telomere and telomerase, and c-myc, ras, bcl-2, and p53 genes of cells in the progressive process of immortal epithelial cells from embryonic esophagus induced by human papillomavirus (HPV). The SHEE cell line, established by us, consist of immortalized epithelial cells from the embryonic esophagus induced by genes E6E7 of HPV type 18. It was in initial malignant transformation when cultivated over 60 passages without co-carcinogens. Cells of the 10th, 31st, and 60th passages were represented in the progressive process within the immortal period. In these three stages of the cell line, the modal number of chromosome and karyotypes were analyzed. The telomere length was assayed by Southern blot methods, and the telomerase activity was analyzed by hTR and hTERT assay. C-myc, p53, bcl-2, ras genes were assayed by the multi-PCR method. The morphology of the 10th passage cells exhibited good differentiation, the 60th passage cells were relatively poorly differentiated, and the 31st passage cells differentiated in two distinct ways. The growth characteristics of the 31st and 60th passage cells were weakened at contact-inhibition and anchorage-dependent growth. Karyotypes of three cell passages belonged to hyperdiploid and hypotriploid with abnormal chromosomes +1, +3, +7, +9, +17, +18; del(1)(p32); der(4), t(4;?)(q31;?); der(5),t(5;?)(q31;?); der(13),t(13;13)(p11;q11) and others. Bimodal distribution of chromosomes with more aberrant chromosomes appeared in the 31st and 60th passage cells. Telomere length sharply shortened from normal fetal esophagus to the 10th and 31st passage step by step, but was stable from the 31st to the 60th passage and the telomerase activities measured were expressed at late two passages. p53 mutant was positive in three passages, c-myc was positive in the 31st and the 60th passage K-ras only in the last. The results reveal that changes of chromosomes, telomere length, telomerase activity and certain gene expressions are important events of HPV-immortalized esophageal epithelium cells. All of these changes occurred in dynamic progressive process. This cell line may be useful for the elucidation of the genetic mechanism of cellular immortalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Y Shen
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515031, P.R. China.
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38
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Zhang T, Xu LY, Cai ZZ. [Application prospects of chitosan, a clarificant for the clarification of Chinese herbal drug decoction]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2001; 26:516-9. [PMID: 12822555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Zhang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032
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Xiao BG, Huang YM, Yang JS, Xu LY, Link H. Bone marrow-derived dendritic cells from experimental allergic encephalomyelitis induce immune tolerance to EAE in Lewis rats. Clin Exp Immunol 2001; 125:300-9. [PMID: 11529923 PMCID: PMC1906114 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01573.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that dendritic cells (DC), upon being pulsed in vitro with encephalitogenic myelin basic protein peptide 68-86 (MBP 68-86) and injected subcutaneously (s.c.) back to healthy Lewis rats, transfer immune tolerance to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) induced by immunization with MBP 68-86 and Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA). We here assumed that DC become pulsed in EAE rats, and that expansion in vitro of such 'in vivo pulsed EAE-DC' might also have the capacity to induce immune tolerance to EAE, thereby eliminating the need for in vitro pulsing of DC with autoantigens which are still unknown in many autoimmune diseases in the human. In the present study, EAE-DC were generated from bone marrow of Lewis rats, with EAE induced with MBP 68-86 + FCA, and expanded in vitro by culture with GM-CSF and IL-4. In comparison with DC from normal rats, EAE-DC exhibited higher viability in the absence of growth factors, and presented specific antigen to naïve T cells in vitro. The DC derived from both EAE and healthy rats stimulated strong proliferation in an antigen-independent manner, lasting for 4 weeks after DC were s.c. injected into healthy rats. During this time, injection of EAE-DC did not induce clinical EAE. However, when these rats were immunized with MBP 68-86 + FCA, subsequent EAE was dramatically suppressed, and was associated with increased IFN-gamma expression, nitric oxide production, gradually reduced proliferation and cell apoptosis, compared with PBS-injected control EAE rats. LPS-treated DC did not induce tolerance, suggesting that the tolerance is mediated by an immature stage of DC. These observations support the hypothesis that EAE-DC can transfer immune tolerance to EAE, thereby omitting the step of characterizing specific autoantigen. Omitting the step of loading DC with antigen not only eliminates the extremely complex procedure of defining pathogenically-relevant autoantigens, but also avoids the risk of inducing immunogenicity of DC in the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Xiao
- Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology Units, Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Xu A, Wang Y, Xu LY, Gilmour RS. Protein kinase C alpha -mediated negative feedback regulation is responsible for the termination of insulin-like growth factor I-induced activation of nuclear phospholipase C beta1 in Swiss 3T3 cells. J Biol Chem 2001; 276:14980-6. [PMID: 11278470 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m009144200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies from several independent laboratories have demonstrated the existence of an autonomous phosphoinositide (PI) cycle within the nucleus, where it is involved in both cell proliferation and differentiation. Stimulation of Swiss 3T3 cells with insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) has been shown to induce a transient and rapid increase in the activity of nuclear-localized phospholipase C (PLC) beta1, which in turn leads to the production of inositol trisphosphate and diacylglycerol in the nucleus. Nuclear diacylglycerol provides the driving force for the nuclear translocation of protein kinase C (PKC) alpha. Here, we report that treatment of Swiss 3T3 cells with Go6976, a selective inhibitor of PKC alpha, caused a sustained elevation of IGF-I-stimulated nuclear PLC activity. A time course study revealed an inverse relationship between nuclear PKC activity and the activity of nuclear PLC in IGF-I-treated cells. A time-dependent association between PKC alpha and PLC beta1 in the nucleus was also observed following IGF-I treatment. Two-dimensional phosphopeptide mapping and site-directed mutagenesis demonstrated that PKC promoted phosphorylation of PLC beta1 at serine 887 in the nucleus of IGF-I-treated cells. Overexpression of either a PLC beta1 mutant in which the PKC phosphorylation site Ser(887) was replaced by alanine, or a dominant-negative PKC alpha, resulted in a sustained activation of nuclear PLC following IGF-I stimulation. These results indicate that a negative feedback regulation of PLC beta1 by PKC alpha plays a critical role in the termination of the IGF-I-dependent signal that activates the nuclear PI cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Xu
- Liggins Institute, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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41
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Xu LY, Yang JS, Link H, Xiao BG. SIN-1, a nitric oxide donor, ameliorates experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats in the incipient phase: the importance of the time window. J Immunol 2001; 166:5810-6. [PMID: 11313425 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.166.9.5810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
NO is involved in the regulation of immune responses. The role of NO in the pathogenesis of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is controversial. In this study, 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1), an NO donor, was administered to Lewis rats on days 5-7 postimmunization, i.e., during the incipient phase of EAE. SIN-1 reduced clinical signs of EAE compared with those in PBS-treated control rats and was accompanied by reduced ED1(+) macrophages and CD4(+) T cell infiltration within the CNS. Blood mononuclear cells (MNC) obtained on day 14 postimmunization revealed that SIN-1 administration enhanced NO and IFN-gamma production by blood MNC and suppressed Ag- and mitogen-induced proliferative responses. MHC class II, B7-1 and B7-2 were down-regulated in SIN-1-treated EAE rats. Simultaneously, frequencies of apoptotic cells among blood MNC were increased. In vivo, SIN-1 is likely to behave as an NO donor. Administration of SIN-1 induced NO production, but did not affect superoxide and peroxynitrite formation. Enhanced NO production during the priming phase of EAE thus promotes apoptosis, down-regulates disease-promoting immune reactivities, and ameliorates clinical EAE, mainly through SIN-1-derived NO, without depending on NO synthase.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage
- Adjuvants, Immunologic/therapeutic use
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/administration & dosage
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic use
- Antigens, CD/biosynthesis
- B7-1 Antigen/biosynthesis
- B7-2 Antigen
- Cell Membrane/immunology
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Cell Movement/immunology
- Down-Regulation/immunology
- Drug Administration Schedule
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/prevention & control
- Guinea Pigs
- Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/biosynthesis
- Immunosuppressive Agents/administration & dosage
- Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Leukocyte Count
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/cytology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/metabolism
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Membrane Glycoproteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Membrane Glycoproteins/biosynthesis
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Molsidomine/administration & dosage
- Molsidomine/analogs & derivatives
- Molsidomine/therapeutic use
- Myelin Basic Protein/immunology
- Nitric Oxide/biosynthesis
- Nitric Oxide Donors/administration & dosage
- Nitric Oxide Donors/therapeutic use
- Peptide Fragments/immunology
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Spinal Cord/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- Experimental Neurobiology and Neuroimmunology Units, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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42
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Huang YM, Yang JS, Xu LY, Link H, Xiao BG. Autoantigen-pulsed dendritic cells induce tolerance to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats. Clin Exp Immunol 2000; 122:437-44. [PMID: 11122252 PMCID: PMC1905816 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2000.01398.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DC) can modulate the nature of immune responses in a stimulatory or tolerogenic fashion. Great attention has been given to the induction of immunity to tumour and infection. In this study, bone marrow-derived DC from healthy Lewis rats were pulsed in vitro with encephalitogenic myelin basic protein peptide 68-86 (MBP 68-86), and injected subcutaneously (1 x 106/rat) into normal Lewis rats. Upon observation of the rats pretreated in this way for 4 weeks, when no clinical signs of EAE occurred, these rats were immunized with MBP 68-86 and Freund's complete adjuvant. The pretreated rats failed to develop clinical EAE. This tolerance was associated with augmented proliferative responses, interferon-gamma secretion, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and NO production. The frequency of apoptotic cells was increased in the rats receiving MBP 68-86-pulsed DC compared with unpulsed control DC. Few infiltrating inflammatory cells were observed in spinal cord sections from rats that had received MBP 68-86-pulsed DC. The data are compatible with the interpretation that MBP 68-86-pulsed DC induce tolerance to EAE possibly through up-regulation of iNOS expression and NO production, which mediate cell apoptosis, thereby reducing infiltration of inflammatory cells within the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y M Huang
- Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology Units, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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43
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Yang JS, Xu LY, Huang YM, Van Der Meide PH, Link H, Xiao BG. Adherent dendritic cells expressing high levels of interleukin-10 and low levels of interleukin-12 induce antigen-specific tolerance to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Immunology 2000; 101:397-403. [PMID: 11106944 PMCID: PMC2327087 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2567.2000.00115.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that tolerance can be induced against acute experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats by bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) that have been pulsed in vitro with encephalitogenic myelin basic protein peptide 68-86 (MBP 68-86), and injected subcutaneously into healthy rats prior to immunization with MBP 68-86 plus complete Freund's adjuvant. To elucidate better the properties of tolerogenic DC, we here compared plastic-adherent DC with floating, non-adherent DC, which were cultured for 7 days in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus interleukin-4 (IL-4). Adherent DC expressed high levels of IL-10 mRNA and protein, and low levels of IL-12 mRNA and showed high expression of CD54 compared with floating DC. Proliferation, nitrite concentration and capacity for antigen presentation were lower in adherent DC than in floating DC. There were no differences between adherent and floating DC regarding expression of CD11c, OX62, major histocompatibility complex class II, CD80, or CD86. Most importantly, we observed that adherent DC induced tolerance to EAE in vivo when injected subcutaneously into Lewis rats prior to immunization, while floating DC did not. Adherent DC-mediated tolerance to EAE was associated with augmented proliferation, nitric oxide production and frequency of apoptotic cells as well as with up-regulation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) -expressing cells in T-cell areas of lymph nodes. Tolerance induction by adherent DC seems to be related to a nitric oxide-apoptosis pathway and to up-regulation of TGF-beta-expressing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Yang
- Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology Units, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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44
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Xu LY, Yang JS, Huang YM, Levi M, Link H, Xiao BG. Combined nasal administration of encephalitogenic myelin basic protein peptide 68-86 and IL-10 suppressed incipient experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in Lewis rats. Clin Immunol 2000; 96:205-11. [PMID: 10964538 DOI: 10.1006/clim.2000.4895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal administration of low doses of myelin basic protein (MBP) peptide 68-86 (MBP 68-86) or anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 effectively prevented experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), but failed to suppress the disease if given after 7 days postimmunization (p.i.), i.e., after T cell priming had occurred. We anticipated that combined administration of autoantigen and IL-10 can treat incipient EAE. Lewis rats with EAE actively induced with MBP 68-86 and complete Freund's adjuvant received 120 microg MBP 68-86 + 200 ng IL-10 per rat per day from day 7 p.i. and for 5 consecutive days. These rats showed later onset, lower clinical scores, less body weight loss, and shorter duration of EAE than rats receiving MBP 68-86 or IL-10 only or PBS. EAE amelioration was associated with decreased infiltration of ED1(+) macrophages and CD4(+) T cells within the central nervous system and with decreased proliferative responses of lymph node cells, indicating that combined administration of MBP 68-86 and IL-10 induced immune hyporesponsiveness. IFN-gamma secretion as well as IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-4, and IL-10 mRNA expression by lymph node MNC was down-regulated in the treated rats. Immune hyporesponsiveness, rather than immune deviation or regulatory mechanisms, seems to be responsible for the protection of EAE after autoantigen + IL-10 administration by the nasal route.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Intranasal
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Antigens/pharmacology
- Cytokines/genetics
- Drug Therapy, Combination
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/drug therapy
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/prevention & control
- Immune Tolerance/drug effects
- Immunohistochemistry
- Interferon-gamma/metabolism
- Interleukin-10/administration & dosage
- Interleukin-10/therapeutic use
- Lymph Nodes/cytology
- Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects
- Monocytes/chemistry
- Myelin Basic Protein/administration & dosage
- Myelin Basic Protein/therapeutic use
- Peptide Fragments/administration & dosage
- Peptide Fragments/therapeutic use
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Th1 Cells/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- Experimental Neurobiology Unit and Neuroimmunology Unit, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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45
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Xu LY, Huang YM, Yang JS, Van Der Meide PH, Link H, Xiao BG. Suppression of ongoing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in Lewis rats: synergistic effects of myelin basic protein (MBP) peptide 68-86 and IL-4. Clin Exp Immunol 2000; 120:526-31. [PMID: 10844533 PMCID: PMC1905554 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2000.01233.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal myelin autoantigen administration effectively prevented EAE, but mostly failed to treat ongoing EAE. Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), for which EAE is considered an animal model, did not benefit from oral treatment with bovine myelin. We anticipated that autoantigen, administered together with a cytokine that counteracts Th1 cell responses, might ameliorate Th1-driven autoimmune disease, and that nasal administration might considerably reduce the amounts of antigen + cytokine needed for treatment purposes. Lewis rats with EAE actively induced with myelin basic protein peptide (MBP 68-86) and Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA), received from day 7 post-immunization, i.e. after T cell priming had occurred, 120 microg MBP 68-86 + 100 ng IL-4 per rat per day for 5 consecutive days. These rats showed later onset, lower clinical scores, less body weight loss and shorter EAE duration compared with rats receiving MBP 68-86 or IL-4 only, or PBS. EAE amelioration was associated with decreased infiltration of ED1+ macrophages and CD4+ T cells within the central nervous system, and with decreased interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and enhanced IL-4, IL-10 and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) responses by lymph node cells. Simultaneous administration of encephalitogenic peptide + IL-4 by the nasal route thus suppressed ongoing EAE and induced IL-4, IL-10 and TGF-beta-related regulatory elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- Units of Experimental Neurobiology and Neuroimmunology, Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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46
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Jin YX, Xu LY, Guo H, Ishikawa M, Link H, Xiao BG. TGF-beta1 inhibits protracted-relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by activating dendritic cells. J Autoimmun 2000; 14:213-20. [PMID: 10756083 DOI: 10.1006/jaut.2000.0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Protracted-relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (PR-EAE) in DA rats is an animal model closely related to multiple sclerosis (MS). Previous studies showed that nasal administration of TGF-beta1 suppressed the development and relapse of PR-EAE clinically and pathologically. Here we demonstrate that this suppressive effect was associated with activation of dendritic cells (DC), showing elevated proliferative response and IFN-gamma and nitric oxide (NO) production by DC. DC derived from TGF-beta1-treated rats with PR-EAE also showed high expression of nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) at both mRNA and protein levels. Apoptotic cells were increased in spleen sections of TGF-beta1-treated rats compared to control rats. In studying mechanisms of apoptosis in TGF-beta1-treated rats, in vitro experiments demonstrated that TGF-beta1-treated DC induced apoptosis of CD4(+)T cells by a NO pathway after co-culture with T cells. These results support the hypothesis that TGF-beta1-induced suppression of PR-EAE is associated with apoptosis of CD4(+)T cells induced by DC-derived NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Jin
- Division of Neurology, Units of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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47
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Xu LY, Ishikawa M, Huang YM, Levi M, van der Meide PH, Wahren B, Link H, Xiao BG. The complexicity of cytokine treatment in ongoing EAE induced with MBP peptide 68-86 in Lewis rats. Clin Immunol 2000; 95:70-8. [PMID: 10794434 DOI: 10.1006/clim.2000.4833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
IL-10 and TGF-beta1 are important immunoregulatory cytokines associated with clinical remissions in multiple sclerosis and amelioration of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). IL-10 and TGF-beta1 have previously been shown to prevent the development of EAE. Here, we study effects of IL-10 and TGF-beta1 in ongoing EAE. When IL-10 or TGF-beta1 was administered by the nasal route from day 0 to day 7 postimmunization (pi), both IL-10 and TGF-beta1 prevented the development of acute EAE in Lewis rats. When IL-10 or TGF-beta1 was administered by the nasal route from day 5 to day 12 pi, both IL-10 and TGF-beta1 failed to influence clinical EAE. The inhibition of clinical EAE severity in IL-10-prevented rats was associated with reduced proliferation, IFN-gamma mRNA expression, and IFN-gamma secretion, while proliferation as well as IFN-gamma mRNA expression and secretion were augmented in TGF-beta1-prevented rats. TGF-beta1-prevented rats exhibited high levels of NO production by DC, which may mediate apoptosis of CD4+ T cells and of the DC themselves. For prevention, both IL-10 and TGF-beta1 inhibited infiltration of CD4+ T cells within the CNS, but neither IL-10 nor TGF-beta1 induced immune deviation from Th1 to Th2. Expression of IL-4 mRNA was not altered in IL-10- and TGF-beta1-prevented rats. These results demonstrate that IL-10 and TGF-beta administration by the nasal route can prevent the development of acute EAE, but by different mechanisms. The findings in rats with ongoing EAE have implications for the clinical application of cytokine treatment in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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48
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Xiao BG, Xu LY, Yang JS, Huang YM, Link H. An alternative pathway of nitric oxide production by rat astrocytes requires specific antigen and T cell contact. Neurosci Lett 2000; 283:53-6. [PMID: 10729632 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3940(00)00914-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we observed an alternative pathway in which nitric oxide (NO) production by rat astrocytes requires specific antigen and cell-cell contact. NO production by astrocytes was significantly inhibited by antibodies against CD40L, B7-1 or B7-2. Astrocyte-derived NO inhibited T cell proliferation and induced T cell apoptosis. In contrast, augmented astrocyte proliferation was correlated to the levels of NO production by astrocytes, implicating a role of NO in regulating local immune responses in the central nervous system. These results suggest that T cell-astrocyte interactions may regulate local immune responses via the NO pathway and influence the fate of infiltrating T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Xiao
- Units of Experimental Neurology and Neuroimmunology, Division of Neurology, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institute, S-141 86 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
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49
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Wei L, Cai ZZ, Xu LY. [A study on characteristics of transdermal absorption of Radix Angelieae Sinensis and its compound formula]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2000; 25:32-4. [PMID: 12205970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the characteristics of transdermal absorption of Radix Angelieae Sinensis and its compound formula. METHOD Using Valia-Chien diffusion cell in vitro, and HPLC to determine the content of ferulic acid(FA). RESULT The transdermal permeability coefficient (PC)pf FA, which is the main ingredient of Radix Angelieae Sinensis, is greater than that of the monomer (P < 0.01): the PC of FA is decreased when Radix Angelieae Sinensis and Salviae Miltiorrhizae are used together (P < 0.01): borneol helps enhance the permeation of Radix Angelisas Sinensis (P < 0.01); the PC of the compound formula is greater than that of the compatibility (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION The transdermal absorption of an ingredient of a traditional Chinese drug is affected not by compatibility, but also by other ingredients of the drug. The transdermal absorption of a monomer or a single drug could not fully mirror the absorption of a compound formula.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wei
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shanghai 200032, China
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50
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Xiao BG, Huang YM, Xu LY, Ishikawa M, Link H. Mechanisms of recovery from experimental allergic encephalomyelitis induced with myelin basic protein peptide 68-86 in Lewis rats: a role for dendritic cells in inducing apoptosis of CD4+ T cells. J Neuroimmunol 1999; 97:25-36. [PMID: 10408975 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(99)00041-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous remission of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is usually associated with prominent apoptosis. The mechanisms behind apoptosis are unknown. We examined the functions of dendritic cells (DC) from Lewis rats with EAE induced by immunization with myelin basic protein peptide 68-86 (MBP68 - - 86). Recovery from EAE was associated with three major functional changes of freshly prepared DC: (1) elevated proliferation, (2) increased nitric oxide (NO) production, and (3) augmented IFN-gamma secretion. In Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA)-immunized control rats, no increase of proliferation, NO production or IFN-gamma secretion was observed on day 21 post-immunization (p.i.), i.e., recovery from EAE. In vitro effects of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, IL-4 and IL-10 on DC were examined. IFN-gamma enhanced proliferation and NO production by DC, while TNF-alpha and IL-4 induced only slight DC proliferation. DC from recovering EAE rats (day 21 p.i.) suppressed MBP68 - - 86-induced T cell proliferation compared to DC obtained at other time points in EAE and FCA-immunized rats. DC-derived NO induced apoptosis of CD4+ T cells, thereby inhibiting autoreactive T cell responses. Besides IFN-gamma stimulation, NO production by DC was mainly induced in an antigen-dependent manner when DC were co-cultured with T cells. The results suggest that spontaneous recovery from EAE is associated with augmented DC functions. Overproduction of NO by DC results in apoptosis of autoreactive CD4+ T cells, thereby decreasing autoreactive T cell reactivities. The existence of such a NO negative feedback loop may contribute to remission of EAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Xiao
- Division of Neurology, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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