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Li J, Sun H, Xie XD, He M, You C. [Effects of surgical and endovascular treatment of blood blister-like aneurysms of the internal carotid artery]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017; 55:613-617. [PMID: 28789513 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5815.2017.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical characteristics, therapeutic methods and effects of blood blister-like aneurysms (BBA) of the supraclinoid segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA). Methods: A total of 40 patients with BBAs of the ICA treated at Department of Neurosurgery of West China Hospital between January 2010 and January 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 14 males and 26 females with the mean age of 44.7 years (ranging from 25 to 64 years). There were 38 patients presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and 2 patients were found incidentally with unruptured aneurysms in regular examination. Surgical treatment was performed in 22 patients, including direct clipping, clipping over wrapping and trapping. Endovascular treatment with single or multiple stents and coiling was performed in 18 patients. Clinical outcomes were assessed with modified Rankin Scale. The patients were followed up with CT angiography. Results: Direct clipping of BBA was performed in 18 patients, clipping over wrapping in 3 patients and trapping of ICA in 1 patient. Intraoperative rupture occurred in 5 patients. Postoperative cerebral infarction developed in 6 cases, 4 patients died. Single stent-assisted coiling was performed in 8 cases, and multiple stents with coiling in 10 patients. Procedure-related hemorrhage occurred in 2 patients, postoperative massive cerebral infarction developed in 1 patient with stent-assisted coiling. The follow-up time was 26.8 months (ranging from 6 to 72 months), among the patients with surgery, good results (modified Rankin Scale 0-2) were achieved in 16 patients; one patient was score 3, and the other was 4. In endovascular group, 15 patients had good results and one with mRS 4. Follow-up angiography revealed recurrence of BBA in 2 patients treated with stent and coiling, which was retreated with coiling. No recurrence was found in surgical group. Conclusions: BBA of the supraclinoid ICA is a specific and complicated intracranial aneurysm with high risk and complications no matter the treatment is surgical or endovascular, take proper operation methods could achieve satisfactory results.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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You CG, Yin YS, Xie XD, Ju J, Wang ZP, Chen YR. Sex Influences on the Penetrance of IL-1β and IL-1RN Genotypes for Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Chinese Population. J Int Med Res 2016; 35:323-8. [PMID: 17593860 DOI: 10.1177/147323000703500306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymorphism (variable number of tandem repeats) in the second intron of the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist ( IL-1Ra) gene and two single nucleotide polymorphisms at positions −511 and +3954 of the IL-1β gene may be associated with an increased risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study used sex stratification to investigate a correlation of the three genetic polymorphisms with the risk of RA, on patients with RA and healthy controls. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) were performed. The frequencies of the IL-1β+ 3954 allele and genotype in female patients were significantly different compared with the controls; but in males, only the frequency of the IL-1β+ 3954 allele was different. The frequency of the IL-1RN genotype in patients was not statistically different compared with the controls; however, the frequency of IL-1RN allele in female patients was different. The association of the three polymorphisms with the susceptibility to RA appears to be significantly affected by gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- C G You
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, China
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Guo TK, Zhao X, Xie XD, Chen ZH, Zhou CS, Wei LL, Zhang H. The Anti-proliferative Effects of Recombinant Human Lysozyme on Human Gastric Cancer Cells. J Int Med Res 2016; 35:353-60. [PMID: 17593864 DOI: 10.1177/147323000703500310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the anti-proliferative effects of recombinant human lysozyme (rHlys) on gastric cancer cell lines and normal human lung fibroblasts. Using conventional molecular cloning techniques we purified rHlys, which we incubated with cultured cells and measured the effects on cell proliferation and viability. At concentrations of 100 and 1000 μg/l, rHlys significantly inhibited the growth of human gastric cancer cell lines. In contrast, 10 and 50 μg/l of rHlys stimulated gastric cancer cell growth. None of the concentrations of rHlys affected cell viability. Only the highest concentration of rHlys (1000 μg/l) inhibited human lung fibroblast growth. Our results suggest that 100 μg/l is the optimum growth inhibiting concentration, which inhibited cancer cell growth but not normal cell growth. Our in vitro findings suggest that genetically engineered rHlys might inhibit human gastric cancer cell proliferation in vivo, so it might warrant further investigation as a potential novel anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- T K Guo
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Liu XY, Lv TH, Xie XD, Li J, Su G, Wu H. Antitumour effect of sesquiterpene (+)-chabranol on four human cancer cell lines by inducing apoptosis and autophagy. J Int Med Res 2013. [PMID: 23206446 DOI: 10.1177/030006051204000503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects and mechanisms of sesquiterpene (+)-chabranol on proliferation of a panel of four human tumour cell lines (BGC-823, SGC-7901, SSMC-7721 and HepG2). METHODS Cell viability was assessed using a standard methyltetrazolium assay; cell-cycle analysis of BGC-823 cells was performed by flow cytometry. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine the ultrastructure of BGC-823 cells exposed to (+)-chabranol. Apoptosis was investigated by evaluating DNA laddering, using gel electrophoresis. RESULTS (+)-Chabranol had a marked time- and concentration-dependent inhibitory effect on BGC-823 cell proliferation. The effect was less marked in SGC-7901, SSMC-7721 and HepG2 cells. Exposure of BGC-823 cells to (+)-chabranol arrested the cell cycle at G(1). Evidence of apoptosis and autophagy was observed by TEM; DNA laddering in BGC-823 cells supported the presence of apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS This study suggested that (+)-chabranol has antitumour activity against BGC-823 cells, and may exert its action by inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis and autophagy. With further development, (+)-chabranol may represent a potential novel treatment for poorly differentiated gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Y Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China
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Xu LY, Xie XD, Li S. Correlation analysis of the urban heat island effect and the spatial and temporal distribution of atmospheric particulates using TM images in Beijing. Environ Pollut 2013; 178:102-114. [PMID: 23558302 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 02/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This study combines the methods of observation statistics and remote sensing retrieval, using remote sensing information including the urban heat island (UHI) intensity index, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), the normalized difference water index (NDWI), and the difference vegetation index (DVI) to analyze the correlation between the urban heat island effect and the spatial and temporal concentration distributions of atmospheric particulates in Beijing. The analysis establishes (1) a direct correlation between UHI and DVI; (2) an indirect correlation among UHI, NDWI and DVI; and (3) an indirect correlation among UHI, NDVI, and DVI. The results proved the existence of three correlation types with regional and seasonal effects and revealed an interesting correlation between UHI and DVI, that is, if UHI is below 0.1, then DVI increases with the increase in UHI, and vice versa. Also, DVI changes more with UHI in the two middle zones of Beijing.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Y Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100875, PR China.
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Chen CS, Liu TG, Lin LW, Xie XD, Chen XH, Liu QC, Liang B, Yu WW, Qiu CY. Multi-walled carbon nanotube-supported metal-doped ZnO nanoparticles and their photocatalytic property. J Nanopart Res 2013; 15:1295. [PMID: 23420492 PMCID: PMC3568477 DOI: 10.1007/s11051-012-1295-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
A simple and versatile approach has been developed to synthesize multi-walled carbon nanotubes/metal-doped ZnO nanohybrid materials (MWNT/M-doped ZnO) by means of the co-deposition method. The experimental results illuminate that MWNTs can be modified by metal-doped ZnO nanoparticles at 450 °C, such as Mn, Mg, and Co elements. Furthermore, the MWNT/Mg-doped ZnO hybrids have been proven to have a high photocatalytic ability for methyl orange (MO), in which the degraded rate for MO reaches 100 % in 60 min. The enhancement in photocatalytic activity is attributed to the excellent electriconal property of MWNTs and Mg-doping. The resultant MWNT/Mg-doped ZnO nanohybrids have potential applications in photocatalysis and environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. S. Chen
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114 People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
| | - T. G. Liu
- College of Physics and Microelectronics Science Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 People’s Republic of China
| | - L. W. Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
| | - X. D. Xie
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114 People’s Republic of China
| | - X. H. Chen
- College of Physics and Microelectronics Science Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 People’s Republic of China
| | - Q. C. Liu
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114 People’s Republic of China
| | - B. Liang
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114 People’s Republic of China
| | - W. W. Yu
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114 People’s Republic of China
| | - C. Y. Qiu
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114 People’s Republic of China
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Chen CS, Xie XD, Liu TG, Lin LW, Kuang JC, Xie XL, Lu LJ, Cao SY. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes supported Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles and their optical property. J Nanopart Res 2012; 14:817. [PMID: 22798725 PMCID: PMC3394237 DOI: 10.1007/s11051-012-0817-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs)/Cu-doped ZnO composite powders were prepared by co-precipitation method, and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, fluorescence spectrum, and ultraviolet spectrum. Experimental results show that the MWNTs can be modified by Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles with hexagonal wurtzite structure after annealed at 450 °C, and the nanoparticle size is about 15 nm. Two ultraviolet (UV) peaks and a green band centered at about 510 nm are observed in the fluorescence spectrum of MWNTs/Cu-doped ZnO composite powder annealed at 450 °C. Furthermore, MWNTs and Cu doping significantly improve the UV absorption ability of ZnO.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. S. Chen
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114 People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
| | - X. D. Xie
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114 People’s Republic of China
| | - T. G. Liu
- College of Physics and Microelectronics Science, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082 People’s Republic of China
| | - L. W. Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083 People’s Republic of China
| | - J. C. Kuang
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114 People’s Republic of China
| | - X. L. Xie
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114 People’s Republic of China
| | - L. J. Lu
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114 People’s Republic of China
| | - S. Y. Cao
- College of Physics and Electronic Science, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, 410114 People’s Republic of China
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Guo J, Cui CL, Chen H, Xie XD, Chen J, Liang J, Li F, Liu TS, Chi ZH, Si L, Sheng XN, Li SM. Efficacy of sorafenib in combination with gemcitabine and fluorouracil in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma: Preliminary result of a multicenter phase II study. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.e15042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Wang XX, Zhang FR, Zhu JH, Xie XD, Chen JZ. Up-Regulation of CXC Chemokine Receptor 4 Expression in Chronic Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Mitral Valve Disease May Be Attenuated by Renin–Angiotensin System Blockers. J Int Med Res 2009; 37:1145-51. [PMID: 19761697 DOI: 10.1177/147323000903700419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study characterized CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) expression in patients with mitral valve disease and chronic atrial fibrillation (AF). Forty-eight patients with chronic AF formed two groups based on whether they were treated with or without renin–angiotensin system (RAS) blockers (AF + RAS group; n = 25, or AF – RAS group; n = 23). The controls comprised 17 mitral valve disease patients with sinus rhythm (SR group). CXCR4 mRNA and protein levels in the left atria were significantly higher in the AF – RAS and AF + RAS groups than in the SR group. CXCR4 expression was significantly lower in the AF + RAS group than the AF – RAS group. More CD34+ cells expressed CXCR4 in the AF – RAS and AF + RAS groups than in the SR group. Angiotensin II, collagen I and left atrial diameter significantly positively correlated with CXCR4 expression in the AF – RAS group. These results suggest that CXCR4 expression is up-regulated in chronic AF patients with mitral valve disease, is associated with atrial remodelling, and that these effects are attenuated by RAS blockers.
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Affiliation(s)
- XX Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - FR Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - JH Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - XD Xie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - JZ Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Li ZQ, Yu WP, Xie XD, Li PQ, Guo TK, Zhang WH, An LZ, Wang XL. Association of gastric cancer with tyrosine hydroxylase gene polymorphism in a northwestern Chinese population. Clin Exp Med 2007; 7:98-101. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-007-0135-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2006] [Accepted: 07/13/2007] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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11
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Yi L, Gu YH, Wang XL, An LZ, Xie XD, Shao W, Ma LY, Fang JR, An YD, Wang F, Zhang DL. Association of ACE, ACE2 and UTS2 polymorphisms with essential hypertension in Han and Dongxiang populations from north-western China. J Int Med Res 2007; 34:272-83. [PMID: 16866021 DOI: 10.1177/147323000603400306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To assess the significance of polymorphisms of the genes for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and urotensin II (UTS2) as risk factors for essential hypertension in two populations from north-western China, we enrolled 198 patients with essential hypertension and 131 healthy controls from the Han population and 120 patients with essential hypertension and 102 healthy controls from the Dongxiang population. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism were used to analyse gene polymorphisms. The results provided evidence that genetic variants of UTS2 and ACE2 may play a role in the development of essential hypertension in these populations. Polymorphisms of ACE were not associated with essential hypertension in either population. This is the first report showing that the S89N single-nucleotide polymorphism of the UTS2 gene is associated with essential hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Yi
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, China
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Zhu JH, Chen JZ, Wang XX, Xie XD, Sun J, Zhang FR. Homocysteine accelerates senescence and reduces proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2006; 40:648-52. [PMID: 16600290 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2006.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2005] [Revised: 01/01/2006] [Accepted: 01/12/2006] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that homocysteine (Hcy) reduces endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) numbers and impairs functional activity. However, the mechanisms by which Hcy reduces EPCs numbers and activity remain to be determined. Recent studies have demonstrated that reduced EPCs numbers and activity was associated with EPCs senescence which involved telomerase activity. Therefore, we investigated whether Hcy accelerates the onset of EPCs senescence through telomerase inactivation, leading to cellular dysfunction. EPCs were isolated from peripheral blood and characterized. After ex vivo cultivation, EPCs became senescent as determined by acidic beta-galactosidase staining. Hcy dose-dependently accelerated the onset of EPCs senescence in culture. Moreover, Hcy decreased proliferation of EPCs as assessed by BrdU incorporation assay and colony-forming capacity. To get further insights into the underlying mechanisms of these effects induced by Hcy, we measured telomerase activity and determined the phosphorylation of Akt by using western blot. Hcy significantly diminished telomerase activity and Akt phosphorylation. Taken together, the results of the present study demonstrated that Hcy accelerated the onset of EPCs senescence, leading to cellular dysfunction. The effect of Hcy might be dependent on telomerase inactivation, and Akt dephosphorylation also appeared to play a major role. In addition, atorvastatin had a preventative effect against Hcy-induced EPCs senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Chen JZ, Zhu JH, Wang XX, Zhu JH, Xie XD, Sun J, Shang YP, Guo XG, Dai HM, Hu SJ. Effects of homocysteine on number and activity of endothelial progenitor cells from peripheral blood. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2004; 36:233-9. [PMID: 14871551 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2003.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2003] [Revised: 09/23/2003] [Accepted: 10/14/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate whether homocysteine (Hcy) has influences on endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) number and activity. Total mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from peripheral blood by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation, and then the cells were plated on fibronectin-coated culture dishes. After 7 d cultured, attached cells were stimulated with Hcy (to make a series of final concentrations: 10, 50, 100 and 200 micromol/l) or vehicle control for the respective time points (6, 12, 24 and 48 h). EPCs were characterized as adherent cells double positive for DiLDL uptake and lectin binding by direct fluorescent staining under a laser scanning confocal microscope. EPCs proliferation, migration and in vitro vasculogenesis activity were assayed with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, modified Boyden chamber assay and in vitro vasculogenesis kit, respectively. EPCs adhesion assay was performed by replating those on fibronectin-coated dishes, and then adherent cells were counted. Incubation of isolated human MNCs with Hcy dose and time dependently decreased the number of EPCs, maximum at 200 micromol/l, 24 h (approximately 50% reduction, P < 0.01). In addition, Hcy dose and time dependently impaired EPC proliferative, migratory, adhesive and in vitro vasculogenesis capacity. In conclusion, hyperHcy may induce the reduction of EPCs with decreased functional activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Z Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, No. 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province, PR China
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Xie XD, Wang XL, He XL, Ren GF, Li XL. Tibetan population data on the multiplex short tandem repeat loci--D16S539, D7S820, and D13S317. Yi Chuan Xue Bao 2001; 28:487-92. [PMID: 11431980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
The multiplex amplification system of three tetrameric short tandem repeats loci (D16S539, D7S820, and D13S317) have been analysed extensively in various populations for forensic application. Population genetic studies were carried out for these three loci in a population sample of 129 unrelated Tibetan individuals by using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by 4% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and silver staining. All loci were in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg expectations. The observed heterozygosities of three loci-D16S539, D7S820, and D13S317 were 73.3%, 81.4% and 80.6%, respectively. The polymorphism information contents (PIC) were 0.84, 0.80 and 0.83, respectively. Comparing with Han population, there was no statistically significant difference except for D16S539 locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- X D Xie
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Abstract
Locations of Cu2+ ion in Cu(2+)-adsorbed montmorillonite have been studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), supplemented by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). In the EPR spectra of Cu(2+)-adsorbed montmorillonite, three signals, corresponding to Cu2+ ion, have been simultaneously recorded. Some Cu2+ ions seemed to replace the original interlayer metal cations and some entered into the hexagonal cavities. A small fraction of Cu2+ ions penetrated into the octahedral vacancies. There were two ways for the adsorption of Cu2+ ion by montmorillonite--exchangeable and specific. On heating, the hydrated Cu2+ ion in the interlayer loses the coordinating water and then enters into the hexagonal cavities. When the heating temperature further increased, dehydroxylation occurs, which facilitates Cu2+ ion in the hexagonal cavities to penetrate into the octahedral vacancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P He
- Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wushan, Canton 510640, People's Republic of China.
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Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate the properties of branched polyanhydrides and compare them to the corresponding linear polymers. Sebacic acid was polymerized with 1,3,5 benzenetricarboxylic acid and poly(acrylic acid) to yield random and graft-type branched polyanhydrides. The polymerization was followed until the gel point and the resulting polymers were evaluated for their physico-chemical properties and degradation behaviour. Drug release from these polymers was studied using morphine as a model drug. The experiment showed that the molecular weights of branched polyanhydride were significantly higher (mol wt 250,000) than the molecular weight of linear poly(sebacic anhydride) (mol wt 80,000). In the case of poly(acrylic acid) branched polymers, the molecular weight increased linearly with increasing concentration of poly(acrylic acid). The specific viscosities of the branched polyanhydrides were lower than linear polyanhydrides with similar molecular weights. Except for the difference in molecular weights, there were no noticeable changes in the physico-chemical or thermal properties of the branched polymers and the linear poly(sebacic anhydride). The degradation of the branched polyanhydride was triphasic and the degradation rates were faster than for linear poly(sebacic anhydride). The release of morphine from the branched polymers was lower than the corresponding poly(sebacic anhydride). Release of morphine was much higher from the poly(acrylic acid) branched polymers compared to the 1,3,5 benzenetricarboxylic acid branched polymers and increased with increasing concentrations of the branching agent. However, in both cases the release rates and the total amounts of morphine released approached that of poly(sebacic anhydride).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Maniar
- Nova Pharmaceutical Corporation, Baltimore, MD 21224-2788
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