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Pravednikova AE, Nikitich A, Witkowicz A, Karabon L, Flouris AD, Vliora M, Nintou E, Dinas PC, Szulińska M, Bogdański P, Metsios GS, Kerchev VV, Yepiskoposyan L, Bylino OV, Larina SN, Shulgin B, Shidlovskii YV. Genotypes of the UCP1 gene polymorphisms and cardiometabolic diseases: A multifactorial study of association with disease probability. Biochimie 2024; 218:162-173. [PMID: 37863280 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are complex disorders with a heterogenous phenotype, which are caused by multiple factors including genetic factors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs45539933 (p.Ala64Thr), rs10011540 (c.-112A>C), rs3811791 (c.-1766A>G), and rs1800592 (c.-3826A>G) in the UCP1 gene have been analyzed for association with CMDs in many studies providing controversial results. However, previous studies only considered individual UCP1 SNPs and did not evaluate them in an integrated manner, which is a more powerful approach to uncover genetic component of complex diseases. This study aimed to investigate associations between UCP1 genotype combinations and CMDs or CMD risk factors in the context of non-genetic factors. We performed multiple logistic regression analysis and proposed new methodology of testing different combinations of SNP genotypes. We found that probability of CMDs increased in presence of the three-SNP combination of genotypes with minor alleles of c.-3826A>G and p.Ala64Thr and wild allele of c.-112A>C, with increasing age, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%) and may differ between sexes and between countries. The combination of genotypes with c.-3826A>G minor allele and wild homozygotes of c.-112A>C and p.Ala64Thr was associated with increased probability of diabetes. While combination of genotypes with minor alleles of all three SNPs reduced the CMD probability. The present results suggest that age, BMI, sex, and UCP1 three-SNP combinations of genotypes significantly contribute to CMD probability. Varying of c.-112A>C alleles in the genotype combination with minor alleles of c.-3826A>G and p.Ala64Thr markedly changes CMD probability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Pravednikova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Antonina Nikitich
- Center for Mathematical Modeling in Drug Development, Institute of Biodesign and Complex Systems Modeling, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Agata Witkowicz
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Karabon
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andreas D Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Maria Vliora
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Eleni Nintou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Monika Szulińska
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - George S Metsios
- School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Victor V Kerchev
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Department of Biology and General Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Levon Yepiskoposyan
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genomics, Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Oleg V Bylino
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana N Larina
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Department of Biology and General Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Shulgin
- Center for Mathematical Modeling in Drug Development, Institute of Biodesign and Complex Systems Modeling, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia; Department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Mathematical Modeling, Institute of Computer Science and Mathematical Modeling, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulii V Shidlovskii
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Department of Biology and General Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Kamposioras K, Dinas PC, Barriuoso J, Trachana V, Dimas K. Caveolin-1 protein expression as a prognostic biomarker of gastrointestinal tumours: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e14065. [PMID: 37497737 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers remain a major threat worldwide, accounting for over 30% of cancer deaths. The identification of novel prognostic biomarkers remains a challenge despite significant advances in the field. The CAV1 gene, encoding the caveolin-1 protein, remains enigmatic in cancer and carcinogenesis, as it has been proposed to act as both a tumour promoter and a tumour suppressor. METHODS To analyse the differential role of caveolin-1 expression in both tumour cells and stroma in relation to prognosis in GI tumours, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines; PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022299148. RESULTS Our analysis showed that high levels of caveolin-1 in tumour cells were associated with poor prognosis and inferior overall survival (OS) in oesophageal and pancreatic cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but not in gastric and colorectal cancer. Importantly, our study showed that higher stromal caveolin-1 expression was associated with significantly longer OS and disease-free survival in colorectal cancer. Analysis of stromal caveolin-1 expression in the remaining tumours showed a similar trend, although it did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that caveolin-1 expression in the tumour cells of oesophageal, pancreatic cancer and HCC and in the stroma of colorectal cancer may be an important novel predictive biomarker for the clinical management of these diseases in a curative setting. However, the main conclusion of our analysis is that caveolin-1 expression should always be assessed separately in stroma and tumour cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Jorge Barriuoso
- The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Varvara Trachana
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Dimas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
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Hadjispyrou S, Dinas PC, Delitheos SM, Koumprentziotis IA, Chryssanthopoulos C, Philippou A. The Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on Mitochondrial-Associated Indices in Overweight and Obese Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK 2023; 28:281. [PMID: 38062841 DOI: 10.31083/j.fbl2811281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a significant health problem with an increasing incidence, causing a low-grade systemic inflammatory state and being implicated in various chronic diseases. Moreover, obesity has been shown to cause mitochondrial dysfunction through oxidative stress and inflammation, eventually affecting energy metabolism. However, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) can improve mitochondrial efficiency through exercise-induced mitochondrial adaptations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to examine the potential effects of HIIT on mitochondrial-associated indices in obese and overweight adults. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched. RESULTS Twenty-eight eligible studies were included, involving 530 participants. HIIT was found to significantly improve the activity of citrate synthase (CS), cytochrome C (COX-IV), beta-hydroxyacyl CoA-dehydrogenase (β-HAD), Complexes I-V as well as VO2max in overweight and obese individuals, whereas no significant changes were shown in PGC-1α and SIRT1. Interestingly, subgroup analyses revealed that CS, COX-IV, β-HAD, and Complexes I-V activity exhibited a significant improvement only in the healthy subgroup. CONCLUSIONS Overall, HIIT can be utilized to enhance mitochondrial-associated indices in overweight and obese individuals. However, this improvement may be health status dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Hadjispyrou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece
| | - Spyridon Marios Delitheos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Costas Chryssanthopoulos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastassios Philippou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Brady SM, Veldhuijzen van Zanten JJCS, Dinas PC, Nightingale TE, Metsios GS, Elmsmari SMA, Duda JL, Kitas GD, Fenton SAM. Effects of lifestyle physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions on disease activity and patient- and clinician- important health outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Rheumatol 2023; 7:27. [PMID: 37674187 PMCID: PMC10481589 DOI: 10.1186/s41927-023-00352-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle physical activity (PA) is defined as any type of PA undertaken as part of daily life. It can include engagement in activities of daily living (i.e., household chores, gardening, walking to work), incidental PA, walking and/or reducing sedentary or sitting behaviours (SB). Regular PA is recommended for people with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) to reduce disease activity and systemic inflammation, as well as to improve patient- and clinician-important health outcomes. However, there is no summarised evidence of the effectiveness of interventions specifically targeting lifestyle PA and SB in this population. The aims of this systematic review with meta-analysis were to evaluate interventions targeting lifestyle PA and/or SB on 1) disease activity; 2) PA, SB and 3) patient- and clinician-important outcomes in people with RA. METHODS Eight databases [Medline, Cochrane Library CENTRAL, Web of Science, PsychINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature, Scopus, Excerpta Medica database and Physiotherapy Evidence Database] were searched from inception-August 2022. Inclusion criteria required interventions to target lifestyle PA and/or SB, conducted in adults with RA, assessing patient- and/or clinician-important outcomes. RESULTS Of 880 relevant articles, 16 interventions met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analyses showed statistically significant effects of interventions on disease activity (standardised mean difference = -0.12 (95% confidence interval = -0.23 to -0.01, I2 = 6%, z = 2.19, p = .03), moderate-to-vigorous PA, light/leisure PA, steps, functional ability, and fatigue. Whereas, no intervention effects were visualised for total PA, pain, anxiety or quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Lifestyle PA interventions led to increased PA, reductions in SB and improvements in disease activity and other patient- and/or clinician-important health outcomes in people with RA. Future interventions should be less heterogenous in content, structure, focus and outcome measures used to aid understanding of the most effective intervention components for improving health. More SB interventions are needed to determine their effectiveness at producing clinical benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia M Brady
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Rheumatology Department, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, UK
- Medical Research Council- Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jet J C S Veldhuijzen van Zanten
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Rheumatology Department, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, UK
- Medical Research Council- Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Thessaly, Greece
| | - Tom E Nightingale
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Centre for Trauma Science Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - George S Metsios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Thessaly, Greece
| | - Saleh M A Elmsmari
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Joan L Duda
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Institute of Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - George D Kitas
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
- Rheumatology Department, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, UK
| | - Sally A M Fenton
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
- Rheumatology Department, Dudley Group NHS Foundation Trust, Dudley, UK.
- Medical Research Council- Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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Karpodini CC, Tsatalas T, Giannakopoulos I, Romare M, Giakas G, Tsaklis PV, Dinas PC, Haas AN, Papageorgiou SG, Angelopoulou E, Wyon MA, Koutedakis Y. The Effects of a Single Session of a Rhythmic Movement Program on Selected Biopsychological Parameters in PD Patients: A Methodological Approach. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:1408. [PMID: 37629698 PMCID: PMC10456488 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to examine the acute effects of a specially designed musicokinetic (MSK) program for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) on (a) anxiety levels, (b) select kinematic and kinetic parameters, and (c) frontal cortex hemodynamic responses, during gait initiation and steady-state walking. Methods: This is a blind cross-over randomized control trial (RCT) in which 13 volunteers with PD will attend a 45 min MSK program under the following conditions: (a) a synchronous learning format and (b) an asynchronous remote video-based format. Changes in gait biomechanics and frontal cortex hemodynamic responses will be examined using a 10-camera 3D motion analysis (Vicon T-series, Oxford, UK), and a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (f-NIRS-Portalite, Artinis NL) system, respectively, while anxiety levels will be evaluated using the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. Expected results: Guided by the rules of music, where periodicity is distinct, our specially designed MSK program may eventually be beneficial in improving motor difficulties and, hence, reducing anxiety. The combined implementation of f-NIRS in parallel with 3D gait analysis has yet to be evaluated in Parkinsonian patients following a MSK intervention. It is expected that the aforementioned intervention, through better rhythmicity, may improve the automatization of motor control, gait kinematics, and kinetics-supported by decreased frontal cortex hemodynamic activity-which may be linked to reduced anxiety levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Chrysanthi Karpodini
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK;
| | - Themistoklis Tsatalas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 421 00 Trikala, Greece; (T.T.); (P.V.T.)
| | - Ioannis Giannakopoulos
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 421 00 Trikala, Greece; (T.T.); (P.V.T.)
| | - Mattias Romare
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 421 00 Trikala, Greece; (T.T.); (P.V.T.)
| | - Giannis Giakas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 421 00 Trikala, Greece; (T.T.); (P.V.T.)
| | - Panagiotis V. Tsaklis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 421 00 Trikala, Greece; (T.T.); (P.V.T.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Petros C. Dinas
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 421 00 Trikala, Greece; (T.T.); (P.V.T.)
| | - Aline Nogueira Haas
- School of Physical Education Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 91410-000, Brazil
| | - Sokratis G. Papageorgiou
- First Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition University Hospital, 115 28 Athens, Greece
| | - Efthalia Angelopoulou
- First Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition University Hospital, 115 28 Athens, Greece
| | - Matthew A. Wyon
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton WV1 1LY, UK;
| | - Yiannis Koutedakis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 421 00 Trikala, Greece; (T.T.); (P.V.T.)
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Panidi I, Donti O, Konrad A, Dinas PC, Terzis G, Mouratidis A, Gaspari V, Donti A, Bogdanis GC. Muscle Architecture Adaptations to Static Stretching Training: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Sports Med Open 2023; 9:47. [PMID: 37318696 PMCID: PMC10271914 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00591-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-term stretching of human skeletal muscles increases joint range of motion through altered stretch perception and decreased resistance to stretch. There is also some evidence that stretching induces changes in muscle morphology. However, research is limited and inconclusive. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of static stretching training on muscle architecture (i.e., fascicle length and fascicle angle, muscle thickness and cross-sectional area) in healthy participants. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus were searched. Randomized controlled trials and controlled trials without randomization were included. No restrictions on language or date of publication were applied. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane RoB2 and ROBINS-I tools. Subgroup analyses and random-effects meta-regressions were also performed using total stretching volume and intensity as covariates. Quality of evidence was determined by GRADE analysis. RESULTS From the 2946 records retrieved, 19 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis (n = 467 participants). Risk of bias was low in 83.9% of all criteria. Confidence in cumulative evidence was high. Stretching training induces trivial increases in fascicle length at rest (SMD = 0.17; 95% CI 0.01-0.33; p = 0.042) and small increases in fascicle length during stretching (SMD = 0.39; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.74; p = 0.026). No increases were observed in fascicle angle or muscle thickness (p = 0.30 and p = 0.18, respectively). Subgroup analyses showed that fascicle length increased when high stretching volumes were used (p < 0.004), while no changes were found for low stretching volumes (p = 0.60; subgroup difference: p = 0.025). High stretching intensities induced fascicle length increases (p < 0.006), while low stretching intensities did not have an effect (p = 0.72; subgroup difference: p = 0.042). Also, high intensity stretching resulted in increased muscle thickness (p = 0.021). Meta-regression analyses showed that longitudinal fascicle growth was positively associated with stretching volume (p < 0.02) and intensity (p < 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Static stretching training increases fascicle length at rest and during stretching in healthy participants. High, but not low, stretching volumes and intensities induce longitudinal fascicle growth, while high stretching intensities result in increased muscle thickness. REGISTRATION PROSPERO, registration number: CRD42021289884.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioli Panidi
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Dafne, Greece
| | - Olyvia Donti
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Dafne, Greece
| | - Andreas Konrad
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Terzis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Dafne, Greece
| | - Athanasios Mouratidis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Dafne, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Gaspari
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Dafne, Greece
| | - Anastasia Donti
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Dafne, Greece
| | - Gregory C Bogdanis
- School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Dafne, Greece.
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Dinas PC, Moe RH, Boström C, Kosti RI, Kitas GD, Metsios GS. Combined Effects of Diet and Physical Activity on Inflammatory Joint Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11101427. [PMID: 37239713 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11101427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Research evidence suggests that, individually, diet and physical activity are effective interventions for reducing levels of inflammation in inflammatory joint diseases (IJD), however little is known about their combined use. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects and/or associations of combined diet and physical activity interventions in IJD, specifically rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the spondyloarthropathies (SpA) (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42022370993). Ten out of 11 eligible studies examined RA patients. We found that a combination of diet/nutrition and physical activity/exercise improved Health Assessment Questionnaire score (standardized mean difference = -1.36, confidence interval (CI) = (-2.43)-(-0.30), I2 = 90%, Z = 2.5, p = 0.01), while surprisingly they increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (mean difference = 0.20, CI = 0.09-0.31, I2 = 0%, Z = 3.45, p < 0.01). No effects were found on C-reactive protein or weight (p > 0.05) of RA patients. We did not find studies in other IJDs that provided sufficient data for a meta-analysis. The narrative data synthesis provided limited evidence to address our research question. No firm conclusions can be made as to whether the combination of diet/nutrition and physical activity/exercise affects inflammatory load in IJDs. The results of this study can only be used as a means of highlighting the low-quality evidence in this field of investigation and the need for further and better-quality research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros C Dinas
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42130 Trikala, Greece
- FAME Laboratory, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42131 Trikala, Greece
| | - Rikke Helene Moe
- National Resource Centre for Rehabilitation in Rheumatology, Department of Rheumatology, Diakonhjemmet Hospital, 0370 Oslo, Norway
| | - Carina Boström
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, 14183 Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Rena I Kosti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42130 Trikala, Greece
| | - George D Kitas
- Dudley Group of Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Department of Rheumatology, Russells Hall Hospital, Dudley DY1 2HQ, UK
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2SQ, UK
| | - George S Metsios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 42130 Trikala, Greece
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Vakali E, Rigopoulos D, Dinas PC, Drosatos IA, Theodosiadi AG, Vazeou A, Stergiou G, Kollias A. Relationship between Short- and Mid-Term Glucose Variability and Blood Pressure Profile Parameters: A Scoping Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062362. [PMID: 36983362 PMCID: PMC10053380 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Increased variability of glucose (GV) and blood pressure (BPV) is linked to a higher risk of macro- and microvascular complications and other hard endpoints. This scoping review aims to summarize the existing evidence regarding the association between the parameters of the blood pressure (BP) profile, especially BPV, with indices of short- and mid-term GV. Methods. A literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, and Wiley Online Library databases. Results. The main findings of this review are as follows: (i) 13 studies were included, mainly with small sample sizes; (ii) there was a considerable degree of heterogeneity in the characteristics of the study participants (age range, individuals with normoglycemia, type 1 or 2 diabetes, normal BP, or hypertension), as well as in the methodologies (mainly in terms of the duration of the data collection period) and variability indices examined (mean amplitude of glycemic excursions and coefficient of glucose variation most frequently reported); and (iii) the results were heterogeneous regarding the association between GV and the parameters of the BP profile. Conclusions. There is a significant lack of evidence on the association between GV and BPV. Future research implementing a standardized methodology should focus on the determinants, association, and clinical relevance of GV and BPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vakali
- Hypertension Center STRIDE-7, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Endocrinology-Growth and Development Department, P&A Kyriakou Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece
| | | | - Aikaterini G Theodosiadi
- Hypertension Center STRIDE-7, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Andriani Vazeou
- Diabetes Center, A' Department of Pediatrics, P&A Kyriakou Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - George Stergiou
- Hypertension Center STRIDE-7, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Kollias
- Hypertension Center STRIDE-7, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Third Department of Medicine, Sotiria Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Rapti C, Dinas PC, Chryssanthopoulos C, Mila A, Philippou A. Effects of Exercise and Physical Activity Levels on Childhood Cancer: An Umbrella Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11060820. [PMID: 36981477 PMCID: PMC10048410 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients and survivors of childhood cancer experience adverse effects related to the disease and its treatment. These adverse effects are associated with both physiological and psychological health. Exercise helps manage the side effects and improve the health outcomes. The objective of this umbrella review is to search the current literature in the context of exercise and physical activity as complementary interventions on pediatric cancer and to provide comprehensive information about the derived health outcomes. A literature search was conducted on the Cochrane, PubMed, and Embase databases for systematic reviews published up to January 2023. Moreover, a hand search of reference lists was performed. We included participants under 19 years of age at diagnosis of any type of childhood cancer, without restriction on the type or phase of treatment, who participated in exercise interventions. The results showed a beneficial impact on fatigue, muscle strength, aerobic capacity, activity and participation levels, psychosocial health, cardiovascular/cardiorespiratory fitness, physical function, bone mineral density, and brain volume and structure, with limited and not serious adverse effects. These findings documented that exercise interventions had a positive effect on many physiological and psychological health outcomes in pediatric cancer patients and survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Rapti
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Petros C. Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece
| | - Costas Chryssanthopoulos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Alexandra Mila
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastassios Philippou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
- Correspondence:
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Mitsiou G, Tokmakidis SP, Dinas PC, Smilios I, Nanas S. Endothelial progenitor cell mobilization based on exercise volume in patients with cardiovascular disease and healthy individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Heart J Open 2022; 2:oeac078. [PMID: 36583078 PMCID: PMC9793853 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oeac078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a vital role in protecting endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Physical exercise stimulates the mobilization of EPCs, and along with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), promotes EPC differentiation, and contributes to vasculogenesis. The present meta-analysis examines the exercise-induced EPC mobilization and has an impact on VEGF in patients with CVD and healthy individuals. Database research was conducted (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library of Controlled Trials) by using an appropriate algorithm to indicate the exercise-induced EPC mobilization studies. Eligibility criteria included EPC measurements following exercise in patients with CVD and healthy individuals. A continuous random effect model meta-analysis (PROSPERO-CRD42019128122) was used to calculate mean differences in EPCs (between baseline and post-exercise values or between an experimental and control group). A total of 1460 participants (36 studies) were identified. Data are presented as standard mean difference (Std.MD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Aerobic training stimulates the mobilization of EPCs and increases VEGF in patients with CVD (EPCs: Std.MD: 1.23, 95% CI: 0.70-1.76; VEGF: Std.MD: 0.76, 95% CI:0.16-1.35) and healthy individuals (EPCs: Std.MD: 1.11, 95% CI:0.53-1.69; VEGF: Std.MD: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.01-1.48). Acute aerobic exercise (Std.MD: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.00-1.80) and resistance exercise (Std.MD: 0.46, 95%CI: 0.10-0.82) enhance EPC numbers in healthy individuals. Combined aerobic and resistance training increases EPC mobilization (Std.MD:1.84, 95% CI: 1.03-2.64) in patients with CVD. Adequate exercise volume (>60%VO2max >30 min; P = 0.00001) yields desirable results. Our meta-analysis supports the findings of the literature. Exercise volume is required to obtain clinically significant results. Continuous exercise training of high-to-moderate intensity with adequate duration as well as combined training with aerobic and resistance exercise stimulates EPC mobilization and increases VEGF in patients with CVD and healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Mitsiou
- Clinical Ergophysiology and Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece,1st Critical Care Department, Evangelismos General Hospital, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 45-47 Ypsilantou Str., 106 75 Athens, Greece
| | | | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece
| | - Ilias Smilios
- Clinical Ergophysiology and Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece
| | - Serafeim Nanas
- 1st Critical Care Department, Evangelismos General Hospital, Department of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 45-47 Ypsilantou Str., 106 75 Athens, Greece
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11
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Kalatzi P, Dinas PC, Chryssanthopoulos C, Karatzanos E, Nanas S, Philippou A. Impact of supervised aerobic exercise on clinical physiological and mental parameters of people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. HIV Res Clin Pract 2022; 23:107-119. [PMID: 35352630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background: The benefits derived from supervised aerobic exercise in people living with human immunofeficiency virus- HIV (PLWH) have not yet been clearly identified.Objective: To evaluate the impact of supervised aerobic exercise on immunological, cardiorespiratory, pulmonary, hemodynamic and mental parameters of PLWH.Methods: A systematic review was carried out in accordance to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were screened up to August 2021, for the identification of English written randomized trials, with participants aged 18 years and older, at any stage of the disease, with or without co-morbidities. The risk of bias assessment was conducted according to the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias. Meta- analyses were conducted using continuous, inverse variance, random-effects model.Results: Ten studies were suitable for meta-analysis based on inclusion criteria. Supervised aerobic exercise appeared to have beneficial effects on depressive symptoms [mean difference (MD)= -4.18 (confidence interval (CI)= (-6.55)-(-1.81), Z = 3.46, p = 0.0005, I2=0%, n = 2], forced expiratory volume in 1 sec [MD = 0.70, CI = 0.39-1.00, Z = 4.41, p < 0.0001, I2=0%, n = 2], and on the maximum oxygen uptake [MD = 1.38, CI = -0.02-2.78, Z = 1.94, p = 0.05, I2=94%, n = 4] of PLWH. No exercise effect was found for CD4 T-cell count (p = 0.16, n = 5), systolic blood pressure (p = 0.91, n = 2) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.72, n = 2).Conclusions: Supervised continuous aerobic exercise may improve lung function, depressive symptomatology and aerobic capacity of PLWH, however, the small number of available studies and the high heterogeneity concerning VO2max demonstrate the need for more research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Kalatzi
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | | | | | - Serafim Nanas
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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12
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Karpodini CC, Dinas PC, Angelopoulou E, Wyon MA, Haas AN, Bougiesi M, Papageorgiou SG, Koutedakis Y. Rhythmic cueing, dance, resistance training, and Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Neurol 2022; 13:875178. [PMID: 36034281 PMCID: PMC9413961 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.875178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize evidence associated with the functional and clinical effectiveness of rhythmic cueing, dance, or resistance training (RT) on motor and non-motor parameters in Parkinson's Disease patients, and to provide a comparative perspective not offered by existing systematic reviews. Methodology Eligibility criteria for selecting studies retained no restrictions in methodological design and included interventions of rhythmic cueing, dance, RT, and measurements of motor and non-motor parameters. Animal studies, reviews, editorials, conferences, magazines, and gray literature articles were excluded. Two independent investigators searched Cochrane Library, Medline, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus from the date of their inception until 1 June 2021. The ROBINS-I tool was employed for the non-randomized controlled trials, and the updated for Risk of Bias 2 tool of Cochrane Library used for randomized controlled trials. For meta-analyses, the RevMan 5.4.13 software was used. For incompatible meta-analysis studies, a narrative data synthesis was conducted. Results A total of 49 studies included in the systematic review involving 3767 PD participants. Meta-analyses revealed that rhythmic cueing training assists gait velocity (p = 0.01), stride length (p = 0.01), and motor symptoms (p = 0.03). Similarly, dance training benefits stride length (p = 0.05), lower extremity function-TUG (p = 0.01), and motor symptoms (p = 0.01), whilst RT improves lower extremity function-TUG (p = 0.01), quality of life (p = 0.01), knee flexion (p = 0.02), and leg press (p = 0.01). Subgroup analyses have shown non-significant differences in gait velocity (p = 0.26), stride length (p = 0.80), functional mobility-TUG (p = 0.74), motor symptoms-UPDRS-III (p = 0.46), and quality of life-PDQ39 (p = 0.44). Conclusion Rhythmic cueing, dance, or RT positively affect the examined outcomes, with rhythmic cueing to be associated with three outcomes (Gait, Stride, and UPDRS-III), dance with three outcomes (TUG, Stride, and UPDRS-III), and RT with two outcomes (TUG and PDQ-39). Subgroup analyses confirmed the beneficial effects of these forms of exercise. Clinicians should entertain the idea of more holistic exercise protocols aiming at improving PD manifestations.International Prospective Register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) (registration number: CRD42020212380).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Chrysanthi Karpodini
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | - Petros C. Dinas
- Functional Architecture of Mammals in their Environment Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Efthalia Angelopoulou
- First Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Matthew A. Wyon
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | - Aline Nogueira Haas
- School of Physical Education Physiotherapy and Dance, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Maria Bougiesi
- Functional Architecture of Mammals in their Environment Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Sokratis G. Papageorgiou
- First Department of Neurology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Yiannis Koutedakis
- Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
- Functional Architecture of Mammals in their Environment Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
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Ioannou LG, Mantzios K, Tsoutsoubi L, Notley SR, Dinas PC, Brearley M, Epstein Y, Havenith G, Sawka MN, Bröde P, Mekjavic IB, Kenny GP, Bernard TE, Nybo L, Flouris AD. Indicators to assess physiological heat strain – Part 1: Systematic review. Temperature (Austin) 2022; 9:227-262. [PMID: 36211945 PMCID: PMC9542768 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2022.2037376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In a series of three companion papers published in this Journal, we identify and validate the available thermal stress indicators (TSIs). In this first paper of the series, we conducted a systematic review (registration: INPLASY202090088) to identify all TSIs and provide reliable information regarding their use (funded by EU Horizon 2020; HEAT-SHIELD). Eight databases (PubMed, Agricultural and Environmental Science Collection, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Russian Science Citation Index, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar) were searched from database inception to 15 April 2020. No restrictions on language or study design were applied. Of the 879 publications identified, 232 records were considered for further analysis. This search identified 340 instruments and indicators developed between 200 BC and 2019 AD. Of these, 153 are nomograms, instruments, and/or require detailed non-meteorological information, while 187 can be mathematically calculated utilizing only meteorological data. Of these meteorology-based TSIs, 127 were developed for people who are physically active, and 61 of those are eligible for use in occupational settings. Information regarding the equation, operating range, interpretation categories, required input data, as well as a free software to calculate all 187 meteorology-based TSIs is provided. The information presented in this systematic review should be adopted by those interested in performing on-site monitoring and/or big data analytics for climate services to ensure appropriate use of the meteorology-based TSIs. Studies two and three in this series of companion papers present guidance on the application and validation of these TSIs, to guide end users of these indicators for more effective use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas G. Ioannou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Konstantinos Mantzios
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Lydia Tsoutsoubi
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Sean R. Notley
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Petros C. Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Matt Brearley
- National Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- Thermal Hyperformance, Pty Ltd, Takura, QLD, Australia
| | - Yoram Epstein
- Heller Institute of Medical Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - George Havenith
- Environmental Ergonomics Research Centre, Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Michael N. Sawka
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peter Bröde
- Department of Immunology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Igor B. Mekjavic
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Glen P. Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Thomas E. Bernard
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, 13201 Bruce B Downs Boulevard, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Lars Nybo
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Donti O, Konrad A, Panidi I, Dinas PC, Bogdanis GC. Is There a "Window of Opportunity" for Flexibility Development in Youth? A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Sports Med Open 2022; 8:88. [PMID: 35792993 PMCID: PMC9259532 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00476-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flexibility is an important component of physical fitness for competitive and recreational athletes. It is generally suggested that flexibility training should start from childhood (6-11 years of age) to optimize joint range of motion (ROM) increases; however, evidence is limited and inconsistent. OBJECTIVE To examine whether there is a difference in the effect of stretching training on flexibility during childhood (6-11 years of age) and adolescence (12-18 years of age). DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS We searched PubMed Central, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, and SPORTDiscus, to conduct this systematic review. Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized controlled trials were eligible. No language and date of publication restrictions were applied. Risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane RoB2 and ROBINS-I tools. Meta-analyses were conducted via an inverse variance random-effects model. GRADE analysis was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. RESULTS From the 2713 records retrieved 28 studies were included in the meta-analysis (n = 1936 participants). Risk of bias was low in 56.9% of all criteria. Confidence in cumulative evidence was moderate. We found that stretching was effective in increasing ROM in both children (SMD = 1.09; 95% CI = 0.77-1.41; Z = 6.65; p < 0.001; I2 = 79%) and adolescents (SMD = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.70-1.10; Z = 8.88; p < 0.001; I2 = 81%), with no differences between children and adolescents in ROM improvements (p = 0.32; I2 = 0%). However, when stretching volume load was considered, children exhibited greater increases in ROM with higher than lower stretching volumes (SMD = 1.21; 95% CI = 0.82-1.60; Z = 6.09; p < 0.001; I2 = 82% and SMD = 0.62; 95% CI = 0.29-0.95; Z = 3.65; p < 0.001; I2 = 0%, respectively; subgroup difference: p = 0.02; I2 = 80.5%), while adolescents responded equally to higher and lower stretching volume loads (SMD = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.47-1.33; Z = 4.08; p < 0.001; I2 = 83%, and SMD = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.69-1.12; Z = 8.18; p < 0.001; I2 = 79%, respectively; subgroup difference: p = 0.98; I2 = 0%). CONCLUSIONS Systematic stretching training increases ROM during both childhood and adolescence. However, larger ROM gains may be induced in childhood than in adolescence when higher stretching volume loads are applied, while adolescents respond equally to high and low stretching volume loads. REGISTRATION INPLASY, registration number: INPLASY202190032; https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2021-9-0032/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olyvia Donti
- grid.5216.00000 0001 2155 0800School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas Konrad
- grid.5110.50000000121539003Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ioli Panidi
- grid.5216.00000 0001 2155 0800School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros C. Dinas
- grid.410558.d0000 0001 0035 6670FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Gregory C. Bogdanis
- grid.5216.00000 0001 2155 0800School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Dinas PC, Daveronas A, Chryssanthopoulos C, Nanas S, Philippou A. Effect of Exercise on Respiratory Drive in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Explor Res Hypothesis Med 2022; 000:000-000. [DOI: 10.14218/erhm.2021.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Dinas PC, Nintou E, Vliora M, Pravednikova AE, Sakellariou P, Witkowicz A, Kachaev ZM, Kerchev VV, Larina SN, Cotton J, Kowalska A, Gkiata P, Bargiota A, Khachatryan ZA, Hovhannisyan AA, Antonosyan MA, Margaryan S, Partyka A, Bogdanski P, Szulinska M, Kregielska-Narozna M, Czepczyński R, Ruchała M, Tomkiewicz A, Yepiskoposyan L, Karabon L, Shidlovskii Y, Metsios GS, Flouris AD. Prevalence of uncoupling protein one genetic polymorphisms and their relationship with cardiovascular and metabolic health. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266386. [PMID: 35482655 PMCID: PMC9049362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Contribution of UCP1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to susceptibility for cardiometabolic pathologies (CMP) and their involvement in specific risk factors for these conditions varies across populations. We tested whether UCP1 SNPs A-3826G, A-1766G, Ala64Thr and A-112C are associated with common CMP and their risk factors across Armenia, Greece, Poland, Russia and United Kingdom. This case-control study included genotyping of these SNPs, from 2,283 Caucasians. Results were extended via systematic review and meta-analysis. In Armenia, GA genotype and A allele of Ala64Thr displayed ~2-fold higher risk for CMP compared to GG genotype and G allele, respectively (p<0.05). In Greece, A allele of Ala64Thr decreased risk of CMP by 39%. Healthy individuals with A-3826G GG genotype and carriers of mutant allele of A-112C and Ala64Thr had higher body mass index compared to those carrying other alleles. In healthy Polish, higher waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was observed in heterozygotes A-3826G compared to AA homozygotes. Heterozygosity of A-112C and Ala64Thr SNPs was related to lower WHR in CMP individuals compared to wild type homozygotes (p<0.05). Meta-analysis showed no statistically significant odds-ratios across our SNPs (p>0.05). Concluding, the studied SNPs could be associated with the most common CMP and their risk factors in some populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros C. Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, West Midlands, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Nintou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Maria Vliora
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Anna E. Pravednikova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biology and General Genetics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Paraskevi Sakellariou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Agata Witkowicz
- L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Zaur M. Kachaev
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor V. Kerchev
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biology and General Genetics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana N. Larina
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biology and General Genetics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - James Cotton
- Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust, New Cross Hospital, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Kowalska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paraskevi Gkiata
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Alexandra Bargiota
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical School, Larissa University Hospital, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Zaruhi A. Khachatryan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Anahit A. Hovhannisyan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Mariya A. Antonosyan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Sona Margaryan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Anna Partyka
- L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Pawel Bogdanski
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Szulinska
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Matylda Kregielska-Narozna
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Rafał Czepczyński
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Marek Ruchała
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Tomkiewicz
- L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Levon Yepiskoposyan
- Department of Bioengineering, Bioinformatics and Molecular Biology, Russian-Armenian University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Lidia Karabon
- L. Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Yulii Shidlovskii
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Biology and General Genetics, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
| | - George S. Metsios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- * E-mail:
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Ioannou LG, Tsoutsoubi L, Mantzios K, Vliora M, Nintou E, Piil JF, Notley SR, Dinas PC, Gourzoulidis GA, Havenith G, Brearley M, Mekjavic IB, Kenny GP, Nybo L, Flouris AD. Indicators to assess physiological heat strain – Part 3: Multi-country field evaluation and consensus recommendations. Temperature (Austin) 2022; 9:274-291. [PMID: 36249710 PMCID: PMC9559325 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2022.2044739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In a series of three companion papers published in this Journal, we identify and validate the available thermal stress indicators (TSIs). In this third paper, we conducted field experiments across nine countries to evaluate the efficacy of 61 meteorology-based TSIs for assessing the physiological strain experienced by individuals working in the heat. We monitored 372 experi-enced and acclimatized workers during 893 full work shifts. We continuously assessed core body temperature, mean skin temperature, and heart rate data together with pre/post urine specific gravity and color. The TSIs were evaluated against 17 published criteria covering physiological parameters, practicality, cost effectiveness, and health guidance issues. Simple meteorological parameters explained only a fraction of the variance in physiological heat strain (R2 = 0.016 to 0.427; p < 0.001), reflecting the importance of adopting more sophisticated TSIs. Nearly all TSIs correlated with mean skin temperature (98%), mean body temperature (97%), and heart rate (92%), while 66% of TSIs correlated with the magnitude of dehydration and 59% correlated with core body temperature (r = 0.031 to 0.602; p < 0.05). When evaluated against the 17 published criteria, the TSIs scored from 4.7 to 55.4% (max score = 100%). The indoor (55.4%) and outdoor (55.1%) Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature and the Universal Thermal Climate Index (51.7%) scored higher compared to other TSIs (4.7 to 42.0%). Therefore, these three TSIs have the highest potential to assess the physiological strain experienced by individuals working in the heat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas G. Ioannou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lydia Tsoutsoubi
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Mantzios
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Maria Vliora
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Eleni Nintou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Jacob F. Piil
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Petros C. Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | | | - George Havenith
- Environmental Ergonomics Research Centre, Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Matt Brearley
- National Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- Thermal Hyperformance, Pty Ltd, Takura, Qld, Australia
| | - Igor B. Mekjavic
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Slovenia
| | - Glen P. Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lars Nybo
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada
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18
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Ioannou LG, Dinas PC, Notley SR, Gofa F, Gourzoulidis GA, Brearley M, Epstein Y, Havenith G, Sawka MN, Bröde P, Mekjavic IB, Kenny GP, Bernard TE, Nybo L, Flouris AD. Indicators to assess physiological heat strain – Part 2: Delphi exercise. Temperature (Austin) 2022; 9:263-273. [PMID: 36211947 PMCID: PMC9542877 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2022.2044738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In a series of three companion papers published in this Journal, we identify and validate the available thermal stress indicators (TSIs). In this second paper of the series, we identified the criteria to consider when adopting a TSI to protect individuals who work in the heat, and we weighed their relative importance using a Delphi exercise with 20 experts. Two Delphi iterations were adequate to reach consensus within the expert panel (Cronbach's α = 0.86) for a set of 17 criteria with varying weights that should be considered when adopting a TSI to protect individuals who work in the heat. These criteria considered physiological parameters such as core/skin/mean body temperature, heart rate, and hydration status, as well as practicality, cost effectiveness, and health guidance issues. The 17 criteria were distributed across three occupational health-and-safety pillars: (i) contribution to improving occupational health (55% of total importance), (ii) mitigation of worker physiological strain (35.5% of total importance), and (iii) cost-effectiveness (9.5% of total importance). Three criteria [(i) relationship of a TSI with core temperature, (ii) having categories indicating the level of heat stress experienced by workers, and (iii) using its heat stress categories to provide recommendations for occupational safety and health] were considered significantly more important when selecting a TSI for protecting individuals who work in the heat, accumulating 37.2 percentage points. These 17 criteria allow the validation and comparison of TSIs that presently exist as well as those that may be developed in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas G. Ioannou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Petros C. Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Sean R. Notley
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Flora Gofa
- Hellenic National Meteorological Service, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Matt Brearley
- National Critical Care and Trauma Response Centre, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
- Thermal Hyperformance, Pty Ltd, Takura, Australia
| | - Yoram Epstein
- Heller Institute of Medical Research, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - George Havenith
- Environmental Ergonomics Research Centre, Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Michael N. Sawka
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peter Bröde
- Department of Immunology, Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors (IfADO), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Igor B. Mekjavic
- Department of Automation, Biocybernetics and Robotics, Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Glen P. Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas E. Bernard
- College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Lars Nybo
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Vakali E, Rigopoulos D, Carrillo AE, Flouris AD, Dinas PC. Effects of Alpha-lipoic Acid Supplementation on Human Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Diabetes Rev 2022; 18:e140921196457. [PMID: 34521329 DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210914103329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is kidney dysfunction, which occurs due to elevated urine albumin excretion rate and reduced glomerular filtration rate. Studies on animals have shown that alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation can reduce the development of DN. OBJECTIVES We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effects of ALA supplementation on biological indices (albumin, creatinine, etc.) indicative of human DN. METHODS The search procedure included PubMed Central, Embase, Cochrane Library (trials), and Web of Science (protocol registration: INPLASY202060095). RESULTS We found that ALA supplementation decreased 24h urine albumin excretion rate in patients with diabetes (standardized mean difference=-2.27; confidence interval (CI)=(-4.09)-(-0.45); I2=98%; Z=2.44; p=0.01). A subgroup analysis revealed that the results of studies examining only ALA did not differ from those examined ALA in combination with additional medicines (Chisquared= 0.19; p=0.66; I2=0%), while neither ALA nor ALA plus medication had an effect on 24h urine albumin excretion rate (p>0.05). Also, ALA supplementation decreased urine albumin mg/l (mean difference (MD)=-12.95; CI=(-23.88)-(-2.02); I2=44%; Z=2.32; p=0.02) and urine albumin to creatinine ratio (MD=-26.96; CI=(-35.25)-(-18.67); I2=0%; Z=6.37; p<0.01) in patients with diabetes. When the studies examining ALA plus medication were excluded, it was found that ALA supplementation had no effect on urine albumin mg/l (p>0.05) but did significantly decrease urine albumin to creatinine ratio (MD=-25.88, CI=(34.40-(-17.36), I2=0%, Z=5.95, p<0.00001). CONCLUSION The available evidence suggests that ALA supplementation does not improve biological indices that reflect DN in humans. Overall, we identified limited evidence, and therefore, the outcomes should be considered with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vakali
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, GR11527, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Rigopoulos
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
| | - Andres E Carrillo
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
- Department of Exercise Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA15232, USA
| | - Andreas D Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
| | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
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Ioannou LG, Tsoutsoubi L, Mantzios K, Gkikas G, Piil JF, Dinas PC, Notley SR, Kenny GP, Nybo L, Flouris AD. The Impacts of Sun Exposure on Worker Physiology and Cognition: Multi-Country Evidence and Interventions. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:7698. [PMID: 34300148 PMCID: PMC8303297 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A set of four case-control (n = 109), randomized-controlled (n = 7), cross-sectional (n = 78), and intervention (n = 47) studies was conducted across three countries to investigate the effects of sun exposure on worker physiology and cognition. METHODS Physiological, subjective, and cognitive performance data were collected from people working in ambient conditions characterized by the same thermal stress but different solar radiation levels. RESULTS People working under the sun were more likely to experience dizziness, weakness, and other symptoms of heat strain. These clinical impacts of sun exposure were not accompanied by changes in core body temperature but, instead, were linked with changes in skin temperature. Other physiological responses (heart rate, skin blood flow, and sweat rate) were also increased during sun exposure, while attention and vigilance were reduced by 45% and 67%, respectively, compared to exposure to a similar thermal stress without sunlight. Light-colored clothes reduced workers' skin temperature by 12-13% compared to darker-colored clothes. CONCLUSIONS Working under the sun worsens the physiological heat strain experienced and compromises cognitive function, even when the level of heat stress is thought to be the same as being in the shade. Wearing light-colored clothes can limit the physiological heat strain experienced by the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas G. Ioannou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (L.T.); (K.M.); (G.G.); (P.C.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (J.F.P.); (L.N.)
| | - Lydia Tsoutsoubi
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (L.T.); (K.M.); (G.G.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Konstantinos Mantzios
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (L.T.); (K.M.); (G.G.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Giorgos Gkikas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (L.T.); (K.M.); (G.G.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Jacob F. Piil
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (J.F.P.); (L.N.)
| | - Petros C. Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (L.T.); (K.M.); (G.G.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Sean R. Notley
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (S.R.N.); (G.P.K.)
| | - Glen P. Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (S.R.N.); (G.P.K.)
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Lars Nybo
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (J.F.P.); (L.N.)
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (L.T.); (K.M.); (G.G.); (P.C.D.)
- Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; (S.R.N.); (G.P.K.)
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Dinas PC, Domanovic D, Koutedakis Y, Hadjichristodoulou C, Stefanidis I, Papadopoulou K, Dimas K, Perivoliotis K, Tepetes K, Flouris AD. The Presence of Fungal and Parasitic Infections in Substances of Human Origin and Their Transmission via Transfusions and Transplantations: Protocol for Two Systematic Reviews. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e25674. [PMID: 34110295 PMCID: PMC8262548 DOI: 10.2196/25674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The European Union Directives stipulate mandatory tests for the presence of any infections in donors and donations of substances of human origin (SoHO). In some circumstances, other pathogens, including fungi and parasites, may also pose a threat to the microbial safety of SoHO. Objective The aim of the two systematic reviews is to identify, collect, and evaluate scientific evidence for the presence of fungal and parasitic infections in donors and donations of SoHO, and their transmission via transfusion and transplantation. Methods An algorithmic search, one each for fungal and parasitic disease, was applied to 6 scientific databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library [trials], and CINAHL). Additionally, manual and algorithmic searches were employed in 15 gray literature databases and 22 scientific organization websites. The criteria for eligibility included peer-reviewed publications and peer-reviewed abstract publications from conference proceedings examining the prevalence, incidence, odds ratios, risk ratios, and risk differences for the presence of fungi and parasites in donors and SoHO donations, and their transmission to recipients. Only studies that scrutinized the donors and donations of human blood, blood components, tissues, cells, and organs were considered eligible. Data extraction from eligible publications will be performed independently by two reviewers. Data synthesis will include a qualitative description of the studies lacking evidence suitable for a meta-analysis and a random or fixed-effect meta-analysis model for quantitative data synthesis. Results This is an ongoing study. The systematic reviews are funded by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, and the results are expected to be presented by the end of 2021. Conclusions The systematic reviews will provide the basis for developing a risk assessment for fungal and parasitic disease transmission via SoHO. Trial Registration PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020160090; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020160090 ; PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42020160110; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020160110 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/25674
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | | | - Yiannis Koutedakis
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece.,Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, Wolverhampton University, Wolverhampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ioannis Stefanidis
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Kalliope Papadopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Dimas
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | | | - Konstantinos Tepetes
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Andreas D Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
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Ioannou LG, Mantzios K, Tsoutsoubi L, Nintou E, Vliora M, Gkiata P, Dallas CN, Gkikas G, Agaliotis G, Sfakianakis K, Kapnia AK, Testa DJ, Amorim T, Dinas PC, Mayor TS, Gao C, Nybo L, Flouris AD. Occupational Heat Stress: Multi-Country Observations and Interventions. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:6303. [PMID: 34200783 PMCID: PMC8296111 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational heat exposure can provoke health problems that increase the risk of certain diseases and affect workers' ability to maintain healthy and productive lives. This study investigates the effects of occupational heat stress on workers' physiological strain and labor productivity, as well as examining multiple interventions to mitigate the problem. METHODS We monitored 518 full work-shifts obtained from 238 experienced and acclimatized individuals who work in key industrial sectors located in Cyprus, Greece, Qatar, and Spain. Continuous core body temperature, mean skin temperature, heart rate, and labor productivity were collected from the beginning to the end of all work-shifts. RESULTS In workplaces where self-pacing is not feasible or very limited, we found that occupational heat stress is associated with the heat strain experienced by workers. Strategies focusing on hydration, work-rest cycles, and ventilated clothing were able to mitigate the physiological heat strain experienced by workers. Increasing mechanization enhanced labor productivity without increasing workers' physiological strain. CONCLUSIONS Empowering laborers to self-pace is the basis of heat mitigation, while tailored strategies focusing on hydration, work-rest cycles, ventilated garments, and mechanization can further reduce the physiological heat strain experienced by workers under certain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas G. Ioannou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Konstantinos Mantzios
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Lydia Tsoutsoubi
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Eleni Nintou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Maria Vliora
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Paraskevi Gkiata
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Constantinos N. Dallas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Giorgos Gkikas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Gerasimos Agaliotis
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Kostas Sfakianakis
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Areti K. Kapnia
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Davide J. Testa
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Tânia Amorim
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Petros C. Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
| | - Tiago S. Mayor
- SIMTECH Laboratory, Transport Phenomena Research Centre, Engineering Faculty of Porto University, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Chuansi Gao
- Thermal Environment Laboratory, Division of Ergonomics and Aerosol Technology, Department of Design Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, 22100 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Lars Nybo
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece; (L.G.I.); (K.M.); (L.T.); (E.N.); (M.V.); (P.G.); (C.N.D.); (G.G.); (G.A.); (K.S.); (A.K.K.); (D.J.T.); (T.A.); (P.C.D.)
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Dallas K, Dinas PC, Chryssanthopoulos C, Dallas G, Maridaki M, Koutsilieris M, Philippou A. The effects of exercise on VO 2peak, quality of life and hospitalization in heart failure patients: A systematic review with meta-analyses. Eur J Sport Sci 2020; 21:1337-1350. [PMID: 33138729 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2020.1846081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Exercise training has become one of the most fundamental components of cardiac rehabilitation. This systematic review with meta-analyses has the objective to determine the effectiveness of exercise on selected cardiac rehabilitation outcomes, i.e. peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), hospitalization and quality of life (QOL) of patients with heart failure. PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched up to May 2019 to identify randomized controlled trials comparing exercise training to usual care. Overall, 131 trials were included with a total of 9,761 patients, the majority of whom were males (74%), predominantly with reduced ejection fraction and NYHA class ranging from II to III. There was a significant improvement in VO2peak in the exercise group compared to non-exercise control group (mean difference: 2.98 mL/kg/ min, 95% CI: 2.52-3.43, p < 0.001; 84 RCTs, n = 3,690 patients). Exercise training was also beneficial for the patients' QOL. The QOL meta-analysis included 5,786 patients and showed a clinically significant improvement of QOL following exercise (-0.82, 95% CI: -1.02 to -0.62; p = 0.00001; I2 = 91%). Hospitalization incidence of heart failure patients was also lower in the exercise compared to control group (fixed-effect Odds Ratio: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.42-0.75, p < 0.0001; 26 trials, 4,664 participants). Exercise-based rehabilitation improves V02peak and QOL and reduces the incidence of hospitalization of heart failure patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Dallas
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Costas Chryssanthopoulos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Dallas
- School of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Maridaki
- School of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michael Koutsilieris
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastassios Philippou
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Heenan KA, Carrillo AE, Fulton JL, Ryan EJ, Edsall JR, Rigopoulos D, Markofski MM, Flouris AD, Dinas PC. Effects of Nutrition/Diet on Brown Adipose Tissue in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2752. [PMID: 32927664 PMCID: PMC7551565 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brown adipose tissue (BAT) provides a minor contribution to diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT)-the metabolic response to food consumption. Increased BAT activity is generally considered beneficial for mammalian metabolism and has been associated with favorable health outcomes. The aim of the current systematic review was to explore whether nutritional factors and/or diet affect human BAT activity. METHODS We searched PubMed Central, Embase and Cochrane Library (trials) to conduct this systematic review (PROSPERO protocol: CRD42018082323). RESULTS We included 24 eligible papers that studied a total of 2785 participants. We found no mean differences in standardized uptake value of BAT following a single meal or after 6 weeks of L-Arginine supplementation. Resting energy expenditure (REE), however, was increased following a single meal and after supplementation of capsinoid and catechin when compared to a control condition (Z = 2.41, p = 0.02; mean difference = 102.47 (95% CI = 19.28-185.67)). CONCLUSIONS Human BAT activity was not significantly affected by nutrition/diet. Moreover, REE was only increased in response to a single meal, but it is unlikely that this was due to increased BAT activity. BAT activity assessments in response to the chronic effect of food should be considered along with other factors such as body composition and/or environmental temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey A. Heenan
- Department of Movement Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (K.A.H.); (A.E.C.); (J.L.F.); (E.J.R.); (J.R.E.)
| | - Andres E. Carrillo
- Department of Movement Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (K.A.H.); (A.E.C.); (J.L.F.); (E.J.R.); (J.R.E.)
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, GR42100 Trikala, Greece; (D.R.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Jacob L. Fulton
- Department of Movement Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (K.A.H.); (A.E.C.); (J.L.F.); (E.J.R.); (J.R.E.)
| | - Edward J. Ryan
- Department of Movement Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (K.A.H.); (A.E.C.); (J.L.F.); (E.J.R.); (J.R.E.)
| | - Jason R. Edsall
- Department of Movement Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA; (K.A.H.); (A.E.C.); (J.L.F.); (E.J.R.); (J.R.E.)
| | - Dimitrios Rigopoulos
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, GR42100 Trikala, Greece; (D.R.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Melissa M. Markofski
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, GR42100 Trikala, Greece; (D.R.); (A.D.F.)
| | - Petros C. Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, GR42100 Trikala, Greece; (D.R.); (A.D.F.)
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Dinas PC, Krase A, Nintou E, Georgakopoulos A, Granzotto M, Metaxas M, Karachaliou E, Rossato M, Vettor R, Georgoulias P, S Mayor T, Koutsikos J, Athanasiou K, Ioannou LG, Gkiata P, Carrillo AE, Koutedakis Y, Metsios GS, Jamurtas AZ, Chatziioannou S, Flouris AD. Human white-fat thermogenesis: Experimental and meta-analytic findings. Temperature (Austin) 2020; 8:39-52. [PMID: 33553504 PMCID: PMC7849687 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2020.1769530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) thermogenic activity may play a role in whole-body energy balance and two of its main regulators are thought to be environmental temperature (Tenv) and exercise. Low Tenv may increase uncoupling protein one (UCP1; the main biomarker of thermogenic activity) in WAT to regulate body temperature. On the other hand, exercise may stimulate UCP1 in WAT, which is thought to alter body weight regulation. However, our understanding of the roles (if any) of Tenv and exercise in WAT thermogenic activity remains incomplete. Our aim was to examine the impacts of low Tenv and exercise on WAT thermogenic activity, which may alter energy homeostasis and body weight regulation. We conducted a series of four experimental studies, supported by two systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We found increased UCP1 mRNA (p = 0.03; but not protein level) in human WAT biopsy samples collected during the cold part of the year, a finding supported by a systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO review protocol: CRD42019120116). Additional clinical trials (NCT04037371; NCT04037410) using Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT) revealed no impact of low Tenv on human WAT thermogenic activity (p > 0.05). Furthermore, we found no effects of exercise on UCP1 mRNA or protein levels (p > 0.05) in WAT biopsy samples from a human randomized controlled trial (Clinical trial: NCT04039685), a finding supported by systematic review and meta-analytic data (PROSPERO review protocol: CRD42019120213). Taken together, the present experimental and meta-analytic findings of UCP1 and SUVmax, demonstrate that cold and exercise may play insignificant roles in human WAT thermogenic activity. Abbreviations: WAT:White adipose tissue; Tenv: Environmental temperature; UCP1: Uncoupling protein one; BAT: Brown adipose tissue; BMI:Body mass index; mRNA: Messenger ribonucleic acid; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; WHR: Waist-to-hip ratio; PRISMA: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses; PET/CT: Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography; REE: Resting energy expenditure; 18F-FDG: F18 fludeoxyglucose; VO2peak:Peak oxygen consumption; 1RM: One repetition maximum; SUVmax: Maximum standardized uptake value; Std: Standardized mean difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece.,Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, UK
| | - Argyro Krase
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Eleni Nintou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | | | - Marnie Granzotto
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marinos Metaxas
- PET/CT Department, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Elena Karachaliou
- PET/CT Department, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marco Rossato
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Tiago S Mayor
- SIMTECH Laboratory, Transport Phenomena Research Centre, Engineering Faculty of Porto University, Porto, Portugal
| | - John Koutsikos
- Nuclear Medicine Department, 401 General Military Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Leonidas G Ioannou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Gkiata
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Andres E Carrillo
- Department of Movement Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yiannis Koutedakis
- Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, UK.,School of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - George S Metsios
- Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, UK
| | - Athanasios Z Jamurtas
- School of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Sofia Chatziioannou
- PET/CT Department, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Andreas D Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
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Daoulah A, Al-Faifi SM, Hersi AS, Dinas PC, Youssef AA, Alshehri M, Baslaib F, Maghrabi M, Al-Murayeh M, Ghani MA, Refaat WA, Eldesoky A, Balghith M, Soofi MA, Alasmari A, Alasnag M, Hamad AK, Morshid M, Morsi YMA, Dahdouh Z, ElSayed O, Alama MN, Alasousi N, Tammam K, Almansori M, Khan AS, Alkhushail A, Aithal JK, Alqahtani AH, Lotfi A. Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection in Relation to Physical and Emotional Stress: A Retrospective Study in 4 Arab Gulf Countries. Curr Probl Cardiol 2019; 46:100484. [PMID: 31610953 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2019.100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) has emerged as an important cause of acute coronary syndrome and sudden cardiac death. The triggers for SCAD often do not include traditional atherosclerotic risk factors. The most commonly reported triggers are extreme physical or emotional stress. The current study compared in-hospital and follow-up events in patients with SCAD with and without reported stress. Data from 83 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SCAD were collected retrospectively from 30 centers in 4 Arab Gulf countries (KSA, UAE, Kuwait, and Bahrain) from January 2011 to December 2017. In-hospital myocardial infarction (MI), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation, cardiogenic shock, death, ICD placement, dissection extension) and follow-up (MI, de novo SCAD, death, spontaneous superior mesenteric artery dissection) events were compared between those with and without reported stress. Emotional and physical stress was defined as new or unusually intense stress, within 1 week of their initial hospitalization. The median age of patients in the study was 44 (37-55) years. Foty-two (51%) were women. Stress (emotional, physical, and combined) was reported in 49 (59%) of all patients. Sixty-two percent of women with SCAD reported stress, and 51 % of men with SCAD reported stress. Men more commonly reported physical and combined stress. Women more commonly reported emotional stress (P < 0.001). The presence or absence of reported stress did not impact on overall adverse cardiovascular events (P = 0.8). In-hospital and follow-up events were comparable in patients with SCAD in the presence or absence of reported stress as a trigger.
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Flouris AD, Dinas PC, Ioannou LG, Nybo L, Havenith G, Kenny GP, Kjellstrom T. Workers' health and productivity under occupational heat strain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Planet Health 2018; 2:e521-e531. [PMID: 30526938 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(18)30237-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Occupational heat strain (ie, the effect of environmental heat stress on the body) directly threatens workers' ability to live healthy and productive lives. We estimated the effects of occupational heat strain on workers' health and productivity outcomes. METHODS Following PRISMA guidelines for this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed and Embase from database inception to Feb 5, 2018, for relevant studies in any labour environment and at any level of occupational heat strain. No restrictions on language, workers' health status, or study design were applied. Occupational heat strain was defined using international health and safety guidelines and standards. We excluded studies that calculated effects using simulations or statistical models instead of actual measurements, and any grey literature. Risk of bias, data extraction, and sensitivity analysis were performed by two independent investigators. Six random-effects meta-analyses estimated the prevalence of occupational heat strain, kidney disease or acute kidney injury, productivity loss, core temperature, change in urine specific gravity, and odds of occupational heat strain occurring during or at the end of a work shift in heat stress conditions. The review protocol is available on PROSPERO, registration number CRD42017083271. FINDINGS Of 958 reports identified through our systematic search, 111 studies done in 30 countries, including 447 million workers from more than 40 different occupations, were eligible for analysis. Our meta-analyses showed that individuals working a single work shift under heat stress (defined as wet-bulb globe temperature beyond 22·0 or 24·8°C depending on work intensity) were 4·01 times (95% CI 2·45-6·58; nine studies with 11 582 workers) more likely to experience occupational heat strain than an individual working in thermoneutral conditions, while their core temperature was increased by 0·7°C (0·4-1·0; 17 studies with 1090 workers) and their urine specific gravity was increased by 14·5% (0·0031, 0·0014-0·0048; 14 studies with 691 workers). During or at the end of a work shift under heat stress, 35% (31-39; 33 studies with 13 088 workers) of workers experienced occupational heat strain, while 30% (21-39; 11 studies with 8076 workers) reported productivity losses. Finally, 15% (11-19; ten studies with 21 721 workers) of individuals who typically or frequently worked under heat stress (minimum of 6 h per day, 5 days per week, for 2 months of the year) experienced kidney disease or acute kidney injury. Overall, this analysis include a variety of populations, exposures, and occupations to comply with a wider adoption of evidence synthesis, but resulted in large heterogeneity in our meta-analyses. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation analysis revealed moderate confidence for most results and very low confidence in two cases (average core temperature and change in urine specific gravity) due to studies being funded by industry. INTERPRETATION Occupational heat strain has important health and productivity outcomes and should be recognised as a public health problem. Concerted international action is needed to mitigate its effects in light of climate change and the anticipated rise in heat stress. FUNDING EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas D Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece; Human and Environmental Physiological Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottowa, ON, Canada.
| | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Leonidas G Ioannou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece; Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Centre for Technology Research and Innovation, Lemesos, Cyprus
| | - Lars Nybo
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, August Krogh Building, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - George Havenith
- Environmental Ergonomics Research Centre, Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Glen P Kenny
- Human and Environmental Physiological Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottowa, ON, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Tord Kjellstrom
- Centre for Technology Research and Innovation, Lemesos, Cyprus
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Asrar FM, Wen AH, Nasseri SA, Dinas PC, Newman C, Bukley A, Crist K, Irwin D. Space technologies for monitoring health and environmental impact of hydraulic fracturing. Lancet Planet Health 2018; 2:e469-e470. [PMID: 30396435 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(18)30223-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Farhan M Asrar
- Space Studies Program, International Space University, Strasbourg, France; Department of Family and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Division of Clinical Public Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, L5 B 1B8, Canada; Credit Valley Family Medicine Teaching Unit and Summerville Family Medicine Teaching Unit, Trillium Health Partners and University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
| | - Annie Hui Wen
- Space Studies Program, International Space University, Strasbourg, France
| | - S Ali Nasseri
- Space Studies Program, International Space University, Strasbourg, France; Space Generation Advisory Council, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petros C Dinas
- Functional Architecture of Mammals in Their Environment Laboratory, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Cory Newman
- Space Studies Program, International Space University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Angie Bukley
- Space Studies Program, International Space University, Strasbourg, France
| | - Kevin Crist
- Space Studies Program, International Space University, Strasbourg, France; Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Dennis Irwin
- Space Studies Program, International Space University, Strasbourg, France; Russ College of Engineering and Technology, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
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Fulton JL, Dinas PC, Carrillo AE, Edsall JR, Ryan EJ, Ryan EJ. Impact of Genetic Variability on Physiological Responses to Caffeine in Humans: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10101373. [PMID: 30257492 PMCID: PMC6212886 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging research has demonstrated that genetic variation may impact physiological responses to caffeine consumption. The purpose of the present review was to systematically recognize how select single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) impact habitual use of caffeine as well as the ergogenic and anxiogenic consequences of caffeine. Two databases (PubMed and EBSCO) were independently searched using the same algorithm. Selected studies involved human participants and met at least one of the following inclusion criteria: (a) genetic analysis of individuals who habitually consume caffeine; (b) genetic analysis of individuals who underwent measurements of physical performance with the consumption of caffeine; (c) genetic analysis of individuals who underwent measurements of mood with the consumption of caffeine. We included 26 studies (10 randomized controlled trials, five controlled trials, seven cross-sectional studies, three single-group interventional studies and one case-control study). Single nucleotide polymorphisms in or near the cytochrome P450 (CYP1A2) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) genes were consistently associated with caffeine consumption. Several studies demonstrated that the anxiogenic consequences of caffeine differed across adenosine 2a receptor (ADORA2A) genotypes, and the studies that investigated the effects of genetic variation on the ergogenic benefit of caffeine reported equivocal findings (CYP1A2) or warrant replication (ADORA2A).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob L Fulton
- Department of Movement Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
| | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, GR42100 Trikala, Greece.
| | - Andres E Carrillo
- Department of Movement Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, GR42100 Trikala, Greece.
| | - Jason R Edsall
- Department of Movement Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
| | - Emily J Ryan
- Department of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Morganton, WV 26506, USA.
| | - Edward J Ryan
- Department of Movement Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA.
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Dinas PC, Nintou E, Psychou D, Granzotto M, Rossato M, Vettor R, Jamurtas AZ, Koutedakis Y, Metsios GS, Flouris AD. Association of fat mass profile with natriuretic peptide receptor alpha in subcutaneous adipose tissue of medication-free healthy men: A cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2018; 7:327. [PMID: 30079239 PMCID: PMC6053697 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.14198.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Atrial natriuretic peptide increases lipolysis in human adipocytes by binding to natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPRA). The aim of the current study was to examine the associations of NPRA mRNA of subcutaneous adipose tissue with fat mass, fat-free mass, body mass index (BMI) and arterial blood pressure in medication-free healthy men. Method: Thirty-two volunteers [age (years): 36.06±7.36, BMI: 27.60±4.63 (kg/m 2)] underwent assessments of body height/weight, % fat mass, fat-free mass (kg), blood pressure, and a subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy via a surgical technique. Results: We found that NPRA mRNA was negatively associated with % fat mass (r=-0.40, R 2=0.16, p=0.03) and BMI (r=-0.45, R 2=0.20, p=0.01). Cohen's f 2 effect size analyses showed a small effect size between NPRA mRNA and BMI ( f 2 =0.25). One-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post-hoc tests showed a tendency for mean differences of NPRA mRNA across BMI categories (p=0.06). This was confirmed by Cohen's d effect size analyses revealing a large effect size of NPRA mRNA between obese individuals (BMI≥30 kg/m 2) and either normal weight (BMI=19-25 kg/m 2; d=0.94) or overweight (BMI=25-30 kg/m 2; d=1.12) individuals. Conclusions: NPRA mRNA is negatively associated with % fat mass and BMI in medication-free healthy men, suggesting a possible role of NPRA in the control of fat mass accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros C. Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, UK
| | - Eleni Nintou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Dimitra Psychou
- School of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Marnie Granzotto
- Department of Medicine – DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Padova , Italy
| | - Marco Rossato
- Department of Medicine – DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Padova , Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine – DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Padova , Italy
| | - Athanasios Z. Jamurtas
- School of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Yiannis Koutedakis
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, UK
- School of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - George S. Metsios
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, UK
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
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31
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Dinas PC, Nintou E, Psychou D, Granzotto M, Rossato M, Vettor R, Jamurtas AZ, Koutedakis Y, Metsios GS, Flouris AD. Association of fat mass profile with natriuretic peptide receptor alpha in subcutaneous adipose tissue of medication-free healthy men: A cross-sectional study. F1000Res 2018; 7:327. [PMID: 30079239 PMCID: PMC6053697 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.14198.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Atrial natriuretic peptide increases lipolysis in human adipocytes by binding to natriuretic peptide receptor-A (NPRA). The aim of the current study was to examine the associations of NPRA mRNA of subcutaneous adipose tissue with fat mass, fat-free mass, body mass index (BMI) and arterial blood pressure in medication-free healthy men. Method: Thirty-two volunteers [age (years): 36.06±7.36, BMI: 27.60±4.63 (kg/m 2)] underwent assessments of body height/weight, % fat mass, fat-free mass (kg), blood pressure, and a subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsy via a surgical technique. Results: We found that NPRA mRNA was negatively associated with % fat mass (r=-0.40, R 2=0.16, p=0.03) and BMI (r=-0.45, R 2=0.20, p=0.01). Cohen's f 2 effect size analyses showed a small effect size between NPRA mRNA and BMI ( f 2 =0.25). One-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post-hoc tests showed a tendency for mean differences of NPRA mRNA across BMI categories (p=0.06). This was confirmed by Cohen's d effect size analyses revealing a large effect size of NPRA mRNA between obese individuals (BMI≥30 kg/m 2) and either normal weight (BMI=19-25 kg/m 2; d=0.94) or overweight (BMI=25-30 kg/m 2; d=1.12) individuals. Conclusions: NPRA mRNA is negatively associated with % fat mass and BMI in medication-free healthy men, suggesting a possible role of NPRA in the control of fat mass accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros C. Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, UK
| | - Eleni Nintou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Dimitra Psychou
- School of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Marnie Granzotto
- Department of Medicine – DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Padova , Italy
| | - Marco Rossato
- Department of Medicine – DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Padova , Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine – DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padova, Padova , Italy
| | - Athanasios Z. Jamurtas
- School of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Yiannis Koutedakis
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, UK
- School of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - George S. Metsios
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, UK
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
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Chachopoulos V, Dinas PC, Chasioti M, Jamurtas AΖ, Koutedakis Y, Flouris AD. A Technique for Subcutaneous Abdominal Adipose Tissue Biopsy via a Non-diathermy Method. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28994752 DOI: 10.3791/55593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue biopsies offer tissue samples that, upon analysis, may provide insightful overviews of mechanisms relating to metabolism and disease. To obtain subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies in the abdominal area, researchers and physicians use either a surgical or a needle-based technique. However, surgical subcutaneous fat biopsies can offer tissue samples that may provide a more comprehensive overview of the complexities of biological indices in white adipose tissue. Usually, a surgical adipose tissue biopsy includes a diathermy treatment for cauterizing blood vessels to prevent excessive bleeding. Nevertheless, side effects, such as flash fires and skin lesions in the tissue, have been reported after diathermy. Therefore, we aimed to standardize a surgical abdominal adipose tissue biopsy performed under local anesthesia using a non-diathermy method. We conducted 115 subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies in healthy men using a non-diathermy abdominal surgical biopsy method. Our results showed three cases of excessive post-operation bleeding out of 115 operations (2.61%).In conclusion, our standardized subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue surgical biopsy using a non-diathermy method can be safely applied to healthy men at the bedside, with minimal side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly; Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton
| | - Markella Chasioti
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly
| | | | - Yiannis Koutedakis
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education, Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton; School of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly
| | - Andreas D Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly;
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Dinas PC, Valente A, Granzotto M, Rossato M, Vettor R, Zacharopoulou A, Carrillo AE, Davies NA, Gkiata P, Jamurtas AZ, Koutedakis Y, Metsios GS, Flouris AD. Browning formation markers of subcutaneous adipose tissue in relation to resting energy expenditure, physical activity and diet in humans. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2017; 31:hmbci-2017-0008. [PMID: 28678735 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2017-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Regular exercise and diet may contribute to white adipose tissue (WAT) conversion into a brown adipose-like phenotype that may increase resting energy expenditure (REE), leading to weight loss. We examined the relationship between REE, physical activity (PA) participation and diet with browning formation markers of subcutaneous WAT in healthy men. Materials and methods We assessed REE, diet and body composition of 32 healthy men [age (years): 36.06 ± 7.36, body mass index (BMI): 27.06 ± 4.62 (kg/m2)]. Participants also underwent measurements of PA [metabolic equivalent (MET)-min/week] using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), while they undertook a subcutaneous fat biopsy from the abdominal region to assess the mRNA expressions of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). Results We found no associations between the UCP1, PGC-1α, PPARα and PPARγ mRNAs with REE, PA levels and diet (p > 0.05). However, the PGC-1α, PPARα and PPARγ mRNAs were more expressed in individuals displaying moderate rather than low PA levels (p < 0.05). Furthermore, PGC-1α, PPARα and PPARγ mRNAs were negatively correlated with fat mass percentage (p < 0.05). PGC-1α and PPARα mRNAs were also negatively correlated with BMI, while PGC-1α mRNA was inversely associated with waist-to-hip ratio (p < 0.05). Conclusion REE, PA levels and diet are not associated with browning formation indices of subcutaneous adipose tissue in healthy adult men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Karies, Trikala, 42100, Greece, Phone: + 30 6974010118, Fax: +30 2431 047 042
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, West Midlands, UK
| | - Angelica Valente
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Marnie Granzotto
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padua, Pauda, Italy
| | - Marco Rossato
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padua, Pauda, Italy
| | - Roberto Vettor
- Department of Medicine - DIMED, Internal Medicine 3, University of Padua, Pauda, Italy
| | | | - Andres E Carrillo
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- Department of Exercise Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Natalie A Davies
- Department of Exercise Science, Chatham University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Paraskevi Gkiata
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Athanasios Z Jamurtas
- School of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Yiannis Koutedakis
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, West Midlands, UK
- School of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - George S Metsios
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, West Midlands, UK
| | - Andreas D Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
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Carrillo AE, Dinas PC, Valente A, Granzotto M, Rossato M, Vettor R, Davies NA, Jamurtas AZ, Koutedakis Y, Metsios GS, Flouris AD. Assessment of the Relationship Between Macronutrient Intake and Browning of White Fat in Adult Males. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000519705.22287.8f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dinas PC, Lahart IM, Timmons JA, Svensson PA, Koutedakis Y, Flouris AD, Metsios GS. Effects of physical activity on the link between PGC-1a and FNDC5 in muscle, circulating Ιrisin and UCP1 of white adipocytes in humans: A systematic review. F1000Res 2017; 6:286. [PMID: 28620456 PMCID: PMC5461915 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11107.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Exercise may activate a brown adipose-like phenotype in white adipose tissue. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the effects of physical activity on the link between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1a) and fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) in muscle, circulating Irisin and uncoupling protein one (UCP1) of white adipocytes in humans. Methods: Two databases (PubMed 1966 to 08/2016 and EMBASE 1974 to 08/2016) were searched using an appropriate algorithm. We included articles that examined physical activity and/or exercise in humans that met the following criteria: a) PGC-1a in conjunction with FNDC5 measurements, and b) FNDC5 and/or circulating Irisin and/or UCP1 levels in white adipocytes. Results: We included 51 studies (12 randomised controlled trials) with 2474 participants. Out of the 51 studies, 16 examined PGC-1a and FNDC5 in response to exercise, and only four found increases in both PGC-1a and FNDC5 mRNA and one showed increased FNDC5 mRNA. In total, 22 out of 45 studies that examined circulating Irisin in response to exercise showed increased concentrations when ELISA techniques were used; two studies also revealed increased Irisin levels measured via mass spectrometry. Three studies showed a positive association of circulating Irisin with physical activity levels. One study found no exercise effects on UCP1 mRNA in white adipocytes. Conclusions: The effects of physical activity on the link between PGC-1a, FNDC5 mRNA in muscle and UCP1 in white human adipocytes has attracted little scientific attention. Current methods for Irisin identification lack precision and, therefore, the existing evidence does not allow for conclusions to be made regarding Irisin responses to physical activity. We found a contrast between standardised review methods and accuracy of the measurements used. This should be considered in future systematic reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros C. Dinas
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, WS1 3BD, UK
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
| | - Ian M. Lahart
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, WS1 3BD, UK
| | - James A. Timmons
- Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Per-Arne Svensson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - Yiannis Koutedakis
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, WS1 3BD, UK
- Department of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
- Institute for Research and Technology, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
| | - George S. Metsios
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, WS1 3BD, UK
- Department of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
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Dinas PC, Lahart IM, Timmons JA, Svensson PA, Koutedakis Y, Flouris AD, Metsios GS. Effects of physical activity on the link between PGC-1a and FNDC5 in muscle, circulating Ιrisin and UCP1 of white adipocytes in humans: A systematic review. F1000Res 2017; 6:286. [PMID: 28620456 PMCID: PMC5461915 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11107.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Exercise may activate a brown adipose-like phenotype in white adipose tissue. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the effects of physical activity on the link between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1a) and fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) in muscle, circulating Irisin and uncoupling protein one (UCP1) of white adipocytes in humans. Methods: Two databases (PubMed 1966 to 08/2016 and EMBASE 1974 to 08/2016) were searched using an appropriate algorithm. We included articles that examined physical activity and/or exercise in humans that met the following criteria: a) PGC-1a in conjunction with FNDC5 measurements, and b) FNDC5 and/or circulating Irisin and/or UCP1 levels in white adipocytes. Results: We included 51 studies (12 randomised controlled trials) with 2474 participants. Out of the 51 studies, 16 examined PGC-1a and FNDC5 in response to exercise, and only four found increases in both PGC-1a and FNDC5 mRNA and one showed increased FNDC5 mRNA. In total, 22 out of 45 studies that examined circulating Irisin in response to exercise showed increased concentrations when ELISA techniques were used; two studies also revealed increased Irisin levels measured via mass spectrometry. Three studies showed a positive association of circulating Irisin with physical activity levels. One study found no exercise effects on UCP1 mRNA in white adipocytes. Conclusions: The effects of physical activity on the link between PGC-1a, FNDC5 mRNA in muscle and UCP1 in white human adipocytes has attracted little scientific attention. Current methods for Irisin identification lack precision and, therefore, the existing evidence does not allow for conclusions to be made regarding Irisin responses to physical activity. We found a contrast between standardised review methods and accuracy of the measurements used. This should be considered in future systematic reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros C. Dinas
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, WS1 3BD, UK
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
| | - Ian M. Lahart
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, WS1 3BD, UK
| | - James A. Timmons
- Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King’s College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Per-Arne Svensson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SE-413 45, Sweden
| | - Yiannis Koutedakis
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, WS1 3BD, UK
- Department of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
- Institute for Research and Technology, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
| | - Andreas D. Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
| | - George S. Metsios
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education Health and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, WS1 3BD, UK
- Department of Physical Education and Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, GR42100, Greece
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Flouris AD, Dinas PC, Valente A, Andrade CMB, Kawashita NH, Sakellariou P. Exercise-induced effects on UCP1 expression in classical brown adipose tissue: a systematic review. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2017; 31:/j/hmbci.ahead-of-print/hmbci-2016-0048/hmbci-2016-0048.xml. [PMID: 28085671 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2016-0048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the impact of regular exercise training on uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) activity in classical brown adipose tissue (CBAT) is vital to our knowledge of whole-body thermogenic activity. The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the available experimental evidence on the effect of regular exercise training on UCP1 expression in CBAT. We performed a literature search using PubMed (1966-2016), Scopus, and EMBASE (1974-2016). Studies in any language that examined the effect of regular exercise training on UCP1 expression in CBAT, and not white adipose tissue (WAT), were eligible. Reviews, editorials, and conference proceedings were excluded. Nine studies fulfilled the set criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) tool. The quality of reporting the results in the included studies was assessed using the 38-item checklist of the Animal Research Reporting of In Vivo Experiments (ARRIVE). Based on the evidence available and a comprehensive analysis of different confounding factors, we conclude that regular exercise training does not represent a major stimulus of UCP1 expression in CBAT. However, regular exercise training may induce adaptive responses to CBAT thermogenic activity in cases where: (i) animals consume a high-fat diet, (ii) exercise is combined with cold exposure, and (iii) animals show endogenously low UCP1 levels. Finally, it is important to note an inconsistency in the results from the analysed studies, which may be attributed to a number of confounding factors, increased risk of bias, as well as low quality of reporting the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas D Flouris
- Department of Exercise Science, FAME Laboratory, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece.
| | - Petros C Dinas
- Department of Exercise Science, FAME Laboratory, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- Institute of Sport, Faculty of Education, Health, and Wellbeing, University of Wolverhampton, Walsall, UK
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Flouris AD, Dinas PC, Tsitoglou K, Patramani I, Koutedakis Y, Kenny GP. Non-invasive measurement of tibialis anterior muscle temperature during rest, cycling exercise and post-exercise recovery. Physiol Meas 2015; 36:N103-13. [PMID: 26012697 DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/36/7/n103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a non-invasive and accurate method to assess tibialis anterior muscle temperature (Tm) during rest, cycling exercise, and post-exercise recovery using the insulation disk (INDISK) technique. Twenty-six healthy males (23.6 ± 6.2 years; 24.1 ± 3.1 body mass index) were randomly allocated into the 'model' (n = 16) and the 'validation' (n = 10) groups. Participants underwent 20 min supine rest, 20 min cycling exercise at 60% of age-predicted maximum heart rate, and 20 min supine post-exercise recovery. In the model group, Tm (34.55 ± 1.02 °C) was greater than INDISK temperature (Tid; 32.44 ± 1.23 °C; p < 0.001) and skin surface temperature (Tsk; 29.84 ± 1.47 °C; p < 0.001) throughout the experimental protocol. The strongest prediction model (R(2) = 0.646) incorporated Tid and the difference between the current Tid temperature and that recorded four minutes before. No mean difference (p > 0.05) and a strong correlation (r = 0.804; p < 0.001) were observed between Tm and predicted Tm (predTm) in the model group. Cross-validation analyses in the validation group demonstrated no mean difference (p > 0.05), a strong correlation (r = 0.644; p < 0.001), narrow 95% limits of agreement (-0.06 ± 1.51), and low percent coefficient of variation (2.24%) between Tm (34.39 ± 1.00 °C) and predTm (34.45 ± 0.73 °C). We conclude that the novel technique accurately predicts Tm during rest, cycling exercise, and post-exercise recovery, providing a valid and cost-efficient alternative when direct Tm measurement is not feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas D Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece. Institute of Research and Technology Thessaly, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Trikala 42100, Greece
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Davies NA, Dinas PC, Valente A, Koutedakis Y, Jamurtas AZ, Flouris AD, Ryan EJ, Carrillo AE. Analysis of Sugar Intake and Resting Energy Expenditure in Adult Males During a 5-week Period. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000478472.08191.e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Dinas PC, Nikaki A, Jamurtas AZ, Prassopoulos V, Efthymiadou R, Koutedakis Y, Georgoulias P, Flouris AD. Association between habitual physical activity and brown adipose tissue activity in individuals undergoing PET-CT scan. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2015; 82:147-54. [PMID: 25262810 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Augmented brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass and activity lead to higher basic metabolic rate which is beneficial against obesity. Our aim was to investigate whether habitual (i.e. usual weekly participation) physical activity is linked with BAT activity and mass in humans, in a group of patients undergoing (18) F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. PATIENTS Forty patients with cancer [26 male; 14 female; age 52·7 ± 17·5; body mass index (BMI) 26·4 ± 4·5]. MEASUREMENTS Patients completed the 'usual week' form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and underwent assessment of BAT activity/mass via (18) F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT. RESULTS We detected a significant association between habitual physical activity (METs-minute/week) and BAT activity [normalized by body weight (BW) (τ = 0·28, P = 0·02), body surface area (BSA) (τ = 0·29, P = 0·02) and lean body mass (LBM) (τ = 0·38, P = 0·002)]. We also found a significant negative relationship between BMI and BAT activity [normalized by BW (τ = -0·30, P = 0·006), BSA (τ = -0·31, P = 0·004) and LBM (τ = -0·45, P = 0·001)] as well as a significant negative relationship between age and BAT activity [normalized by LBM (τ = -0·28, P = 0·01)]. The results also indicate significant differences between low/moderate/high levels of habitual physical activity and BAT activity (P < 0·05). Moreover, BAT activity was different across the BMI categories (normal/overweight/obese) in both sexes (P < 0·05). Finally, BAT activity was greater in women than in men (P < 0·05). CONCLUSIONS Increased participation in habitual physical activity is associated with higher BAT activity. Moreover, individuals with normal BMI demonstrate higher BAT activity compared to overweight and obese individuals. Finally, age is inversely linked with BAT activity, while women demonstrate higher BAT activity than men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
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Flouris AD, Dinas PC, Tzatzarakis MN, Metsios GS, Kostikas K, Jamurtas AZ, Tsatsakis AM, Koutedakis Y. Exposure to secondhand smoke promotes sympathetic activity and cardiac muscle cachexia. Int J Environ Health Res 2013; 24:189-194. [PMID: 23802614 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2013.800966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent trials demonstrated that a single brief exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) generates acute adverse health effects. We evaluated the acute (immediately after exposure) and short-term (0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 4 h after exposure) effects of SHS on cardiac autonomic control and myocardial integrity. Nineteen adult healthy never-smokers underwent a 1 h exposure to SHS at bar/restaurant levels and a 1 h control exposure. Heart rate variability (HRV), serum cotinine, and six cardiac protein markers were assessed before, during, and up to four hours following each exposure. SHS reduced the standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals and increased cotinine levels, creatine kinase (CK)-MB, and myoglobin (p < 0.05). We conclude that acute exposure to SHS suppresses HRV and augments CK-MB and myoglobin. The SHS-induced elevations in CK-MB and myoglobin may reflect a generalized lytic state, especially of the cardiac muscle, which is apparent for at least 2 h following the SHS exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas D Flouris
- a FAME Laboratory , Centre for Research and Technology Thessaly , Trikala , Greece
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Dinas PC, Metsios GS, Jamurtas AZ, Tzatzarakis MN, Wallace Hayes A, Koutedakis Y, Tsatsakis AM, Flouris AD. Acute effects of second-hand smoke on complete blood count. Int J Environ Health Res 2013; 24:56-62. [PMID: 23544435 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2013.782603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the acute effects of a 1-h exposure to second-hand smoke (SHS) on complete blood count (CBC) markers in a controlled simulated bar/restaurant environment. Nineteen adult never-smokers completed a 1-h .exposure to SHS at bar/restaurant levels, and a 1-h exposure to normal room air. Blood samples were collected at the baseline at 30 min during each exposure, and at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, and 4 h after each exposure. The values of white blood cells (WBC) at 1 h (p = 0.010), 3 h (p = 0.040), and 4 h (p = 0.008) following SHS were significantly increased compared with the baseline values. Also, there was a positive association between the WBC and cotinine levels (r = 0.28, p = 0.007). A 1-h exposure to SHS at bar/restaurant levels significantly increased the WBC for at least 4 h following the exposure time. This effect of SHS on WBC has dose-response characteristics and should be considered to prescribing CBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petros C Dinas
- a FAME Laboratory , Centre for Research and Technology Thessaly , Trikala , Greece
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Kostikas K, Minas M, Nikolaou E, Papaioannou AI, Liakos P, Gougoura S, Gourgoulianis KI, Dinas PC, Metsios GS, Jamurtas AZ, Flouris AD, Koutedakis Y. Secondhand smoke exposure induces acutely airway acidification and oxidative stress. Respir Med 2012; 107:172-9. [PMID: 23218453 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2012.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2012] [Revised: 10/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that secondhand smoke induces lung function impairment and increases proinflammatory cytokines. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the acute effects of secondhand smoke on airway acidification and airway oxidative stress in never-smokers. In a randomized controlled cross-over trial, 18 young healthy never-smokers were assessed at baseline and 0, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 min after one-hour secondhand smoke exposure at bar/restaurant levels. Exhaled NO and CO measurements, exhaled breath condensate collection (for pH, H(2)O(2) and NO(2)(-)/NO(3)(-) measurements) and spirometry were performed at all time-points. Secondhand smoke exposure induced increases in serum cotinine and exhaled CO that persisted until 240 min. Exhaled breath condensate pH decreased immediately after exposure (p < 0.001) and returned to baseline by 180 min, whereas H(2)O(2) increased at 120 min and remained increased at 240 min (p = 0.001). No changes in exhaled NO and NO(2)/NO(3) were observed, while decreases in FEV(1) (p < 0.001) and FEV(1)/FVC (p < 0.001) were observed after exposure and returned to baseline by 180 min. A 1-h exposure to secondhand smoke induced airway acidification and increased airway oxidative stress, accompanied by significant impairment of lung function. Despite the reversal in EBC pH and lung function, airway oxidative stress remained increased 4 h after the exposure. Clinical trial registration number (EudraCT): 2009-013545-28.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Kostikas
- Respiratory Medicine Department, University of Thessaly Medical School, Larissa, Greece.
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