1
|
Torrents S, Grau-Vorster M, Vives J. Illustrative Potency Assay Examples from Approved Therapies. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1420:139-149. [PMID: 37258788 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-30040-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMP) encompass a new type of drugs resulting from the manipulation of genes, cells, and tissues to generate innovative medicinal entities with tailored pharmaceutical activity. Definition of suitable potency tests for product release are challenging in this context, in which the active ingredient is composed of living cells and the mechanism of action often is poorly understood. In this chapter, we present and discuss actual potency assays used for the release of representative commercial ATMP from each category of products (namely, KYMRIAH® (tisagenlecleucel), Holoclar® (limbal epithelial stem cells), and PROCHYMAL®/RYONCIL™ (remestemcel-L)). We also examine concerns related to the biological relevance of selected potency assays and challenges ahead for harmonization and broader implementation in compliance with current quality standards and regulatory guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Torrents
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
- Transfusion Medicine group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Grau-Vorster
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain
- Transfusion Medicine group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Barcelona, Spain.
- Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Clancy J, Hyvärinen K, Ritari J, Wahlfors T, Partanen J, Koskela S. Blood donor biobank and HLA imputation as a resource for HLA homozygous cells for therapeutic and research use. STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY 2022; 13:502. [PMID: 36210465 PMCID: PMC9549658 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03182-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Allogeneic therapeutic cells may be rejected if they express HLA alleles not found in the recipient. As finding cell donors with a full HLA match to a recipient requires vast donor pools, the use of HLA homozygous cells has been suggested as an alternative. HLA homozygous cells should be well tolerated by those who carry at least one copy of donor HLA alleles. HLA-A-B homozygotes could be valuable for HLA-matched thrombocyte products. We evaluated the feasibility of blood donor biobank and HLA imputation for the identification of potential cell donors homozygous for HLA alleles.
Methods
We imputed HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQA1, -DQB1 and -DPB1 alleles from genotypes of 20,737 Finnish blood donors in the Blood Service Biobank. We confirmed homozygosity by sequencing HLA alleles in 30 samples and by examining 36,161 MHC-located polymorphic DNA markers.
Results
Three hundred and seventeen individuals (1.5%), representing 41 different haplotypes, were found to be homozygous for HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQA1 and -DQB1 alleles. Ten most frequent haplotypes homozygous for HLA-A to -DQB1 were HLA-compatible with 49.5%, and three most frequent homozygotes to 30.4% of the Finnish population. Ten most frequent HLA-A-B homozygotes were compatible with 75.3%, and three most frequent haplotypes to 42.6% of the Finnish population. HLA homozygotes had a low level of heterozygosity in MHC-located DNA markers, in particular in HLA haplotypes enriched in Finland.
Conclusions
The present study shows that HLA imputation in a blood donor biobank of reasonable size can be used to identify HLA homozygous blood donors suitable for cell therapy, HLA-typed thrombocytes and research. The homozygotes were HLA-compatible with a large fraction of the Finnish population. Regular blood donors reported to have positive attitude to research donation appear a good option for these purposes. Differences in population frequencies of HLA haplotypes emphasize the need for population-specific collections of HLA homozygous samples.
Collapse
|
3
|
Perspectives on the cost of goods for hPSC banks for manufacture of cell therapies. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:54. [PMID: 36175440 PMCID: PMC9522845 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00242-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
|
4
|
Abberton KM, McDonald TL, Diviney M, Holdsworth R, Leslie S, Delatycki MB, Liu L, Klamer G, Johnson P, Elwood NJ. Identification and Re-consent of Existing Cord Blood Donors for Creation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines for Potential Clinical Applications. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:1052-1060. [PMID: 36073721 PMCID: PMC9585951 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to create a bank of clinical grade cord blood-derived induced pluripotent stem cell lines in order to facilitate clinical research leading to the development of new cellular therapies. Here we present a clear pathway toward the creation of such a resource, within a strong quality framework, and with the appropriate regulatory, government and ethics approvals, along with a dynamic follow-up and re-consent process of cord blood donors from the public BMDI Cord Blood Bank. Interrogation of the cord blood bank inventory and next generation sequencing was used to identify and confirm 18 donors with suitable HLA homozygous haplotypes. Regulatory challenges that may affect global acceptance of the cell lines, along with the quality standards required to operate as part of a global network, are being met by working in collaboration with bodies such as the International Stem Cell Banking Initiative (ISCBI) and the Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies (GAiT). Ethics approval was granted by an Institutional Human Research Ethics Committee, and government approval has been obtained to use banked cord blood for this purpose. New issues of whole-genome sequencing and the relevant donor safeguards and protections were considered with input from clinical genetics services, including the rights and information flow to donors, and commercialization aspects. The success of these processes has confirmed feasibility and utility of using banked cord blood to produce clinical-grade iPSC lines for potential cellular therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keren M Abberton
- BMDI Cord Blood Bank, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Tricia L McDonald
- BMDI Cord Blood Bank, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mary Diviney
- VTIS at Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Stephen Leslie
- Schools of Mathematics and Statistics, and BioSciences, Melbourne Integrative Genomics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Martin B Delatycki
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lin Liu
- BMDI Cord Blood Bank, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Guy Klamer
- Sydney Cord Blood Bank, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, Australia
| | - Phillip Johnson
- Queensland Cord Blood Bank At The Mater, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ngaire J Elwood
- BMDI Cord Blood Bank, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sordi V, Monaco L, Piemonti L. Cell Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes: From Islet Transplantation to Stem Cells. Horm Res Paediatr 2022; 96:658-669. [PMID: 36041412 DOI: 10.1159/000526618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The field of cell therapy of type 1 diabetes is a particularly interesting example in the scenario of regenerative medicine. In fact, β-cell replacement has its roots in the experience of islet transplantation, which began 40 years ago and is currently a rapidly accelerating field, with several ongoing clinical trials using β cells derived from stem cells. Type 1 diabetes is particularly suitable for cell therapy as it is a disease due to the deficiency of only one cell type, the insulin-producing β cell, and this endocrine cell does not need to be positioned inside the pancreas to perform its function. On the other hand, the presence of a double immunological barrier, the allogeneic one and the autoimmune one, makes the protection of β cells from rejection a major challenge. Until today, islet transplantation has taught us a lot, pioneering immunosuppressive therapies, graft encapsulation, tissue engineering, and test of different implant sites and has stimulated a great variety of studies on β-cell function. This review starts from islet transplantation, presenting its current indications and the latest published trials, to arrive at the prospects of stem cell therapy, presenting the latest innovations in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Sordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy,
| | - Laura Monaco
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Piemonti L. Felix dies natalis, insulin… ceterum autem censeo "beta is better". Acta Diabetol 2021; 58:1287-1306. [PMID: 34027619 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-021-01737-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
One hundred years after its discovery, insulin remains the life-saving therapy for many patients with diabetes. It has been a 100-years-old success story thanks to the fact that insulin therapy has continuously integrated the knowledge developed over a century. In 1982, insulin becomes the first therapeutic protein to be produced using recombinant DNA technology. The first "mini" insulin pump and the first insulin pen become available in 1983 and 1985, respectively. In 1996, the first generation of insulin analogues were produced. In 1999, the first continuous glucose-monitoring device for reading interstitial glucose was approved by the FDA. In 2010s, the ultra-long action insulins were introduced. An equally exciting story developed in parallel. In 1966. Kelly et al. performed the first clinical pancreas transplant at the University of Minnesota, and now it is a well-established clinical option. First successful islet transplantations in humans were obtained in the late 1980s and 1990s. Their ability to consistently re-establish the endogenous insulin secretion was obtained in 2000s. More recently, the possibility to generate large numbers of functional human β cells from pluripotent stem cells was demonstrated, and the first clinical trial using stem cell-derived insulin producing cell was started in 2014. This year, the discovery of this life-saving hormone turns 100 years. This provides a unique opportunity not only to celebrate this extraordinary success story, but also to reflect on the limits of insulin therapy and renew the commitment of the scientific community to an insulin free world for our patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Piemonti
- San Raffaele Diabetes Research Institute, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
- Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fan BS, Liu Y, Zhang JY, Chen YR, Yang M, Yu JK. Principles for establishment of the stem cell bank and its applications on management of sports injuries. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:307. [PMID: 34051865 PMCID: PMC8164236 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02360-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The stem cells of the stem cell banks have prominent problems for insufficient sources, easy contamination, unstable biological characteristics after serial subcultivations, and high cost. METHODS After collecting the construction processes of the existing stem cell banks and suggestions from authoritative experts in the past 10 years, 230 reference principles were obtained, and finally, the principles of "5C" for the establishment of modern standardized stem cell banks were summarized, and their related applications on the management of sports injuries were reviewed as well. RESULTS The basic principles of "5C" for the establishment of modern standardized stem cell banks include (1) principle of informed consent, (2) confidentiality principle, (3) conformity principle, (4) contamination-free principle, and (5) commonweal principle. The applications of stem cells on repairs, reconstructions, and regenerations of sports injuries were also reviewed, especially in tissue-engineered cartilage, tissue-engineered meniscus, and tissue-engineered ligament. CONCLUSIONS The proposal of the basic principles of "5C" is conducive to relevant stem cell researchers and clinical medical experts to build modern stem cell banks in a more standardized and efficient manner while avoiding some major mistakes or problems that may occur in the future. On this basis, stem cells from stem cell banks would be increasingly used in the management of sports injuries. More importantly, these days, getting stem cell samples are difficult in a short time, and such banks with proper legal consent may help the scientific community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Shi Fan
- Sports Medicine Department of the Institution of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No. 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, No. 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 West, Baotong Road, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Sports Medicine Department of the Institution of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No. 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, No. 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ji-Ying Zhang
- Sports Medicine Department of the Institution of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No. 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, No. 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - You-Rong Chen
- Sports Medicine Department of the Institution of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No. 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, No. 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Sports Medicine Department of the Institution of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No. 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China.,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, No. 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, No.7166 West, Baotong Road, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Jia-Kuo Yu
- Sports Medicine Department of the Institution of Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, No. 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, No. 49 North Garden Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alle Q, Le Borgne E, Milhavet O, Lemaitre JM. Reprogramming: Emerging Strategies to Rejuvenate Aging Cells and Tissues. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3990. [PMID: 33924362 PMCID: PMC8070588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with a progressive and functional decline of all tissues and a striking increase in many "age-related diseases". Although aging has long been considered an inevitable process, strategies to delay and potentially even reverse the aging process have recently been developed. Here, we review emerging rejuvenation strategies that are based on reprogramming toward pluripotency. Some of these approaches may eventually lead to medical applications to improve healthspan and longevity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Alle
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Q.A.); (E.L.B.)
| | - Enora Le Borgne
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Q.A.); (E.L.B.)
| | - Ollivier Milhavet
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, CNRS, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Marc Lemaitre
- IRMB, University of Montpellier, INSERM, 34295 Montpellier, France; (Q.A.); (E.L.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Estimation of manufacturing development costs of cell-based therapies: a feasibility study. Cytotherapy 2021; 23:730-739. [PMID: 33593688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2020.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Cell-based therapies (CBTs) provide opportunities to treat rare and high-burden diseases. Manufacturing development of these innovative products is said to be complex and costly. However, little research is available providing insight into resource use and cost drivers. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the feasibility of estimating the cost of manufacturing development of two cell-based therapy case studies using a CBT cost framework specifically designed for small-scale cell-based therapies. METHODS A retrospective costing study was conducted in which the cost of developing an adoptive immunotherapy of Epstein-Barr virus-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and a pluripotent stem cell (PSC) master cell bank was estimated. Manufacturing development was defined as products advancing from technology readiness level 3 to 6. The study was conducted in a Scottish facility. Development steps were recreated via developer focus groups. Data were collected from facility administrative and financial records and developer interviews. RESULTS Application of the manufacturing cost framework to retrospectively estimate the manufacturing design cost of two case studies in one Scottish facility appeared feasible. Manufacturing development cost was estimated at £1,201,016 for CTLs and £494,456 for PSCs. Most costs were accrued in the facility domain (56% and 51%), followed by personnel (20% and 32%), materials (19% and 15%) and equipment (4% and 2%). CONCLUSIONS Based on this study, it seems feasible to retrospectively estimate resources consumed in manufacturing development of cell-based therapies. This fosters inclusion of cost in the formulation and dissemination of best practices to facilitate early and sustainable patient access and inform future cost-conscious manufacturing design decisions.
Collapse
|
10
|
Uçkan-Çetinkaya D, Haider KH. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Pediatric Research and Clinical Translation. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77052-5_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
11
|
Sullivan S, Fairchild PJ, Marsh SGE, Müller CR, Turner ML, Song J, Turner D. Haplobanking induced pluripotent stem cells for clinical use. Stem Cell Res 2020; 49:102035. [PMID: 33221677 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2020.102035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) by Shinya Yamanaka and colleagues in 2006 has led to a potential new paradigm in cellular therapeutics, including the possibility of producing patient-specific, disease-specific and immune matched allogeneic cell therapies. One can envisage two routes to immunologically compatible iPSC therapies: using genetic modification to generate a 'universal donor' with reduced expression of Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA) and other immunological targets or developing a haplobank containing iPSC lines specifically selected to provide HLA matched products to large portions of the population. HLA matched lines can be stored in a designated physical or virtual global bank termed a 'haplobank'. The process of 'iPSC haplobanking' refers to the banking of iPSC cell lines, selected to be homozygous for different HLA haplotypes, from which therapeutic products can be derived and matched immunologically to patient populations. By matching iPSC and derived products to a patient's HLA class I and II molecules, one would hope to significantly reduce the risk of immune rejection and the use of immunosuppressive medication. Immunosuppressive drugs are used in several conditions (including autoimmune disease and in transplantation procedures) to reduce rejection of infused cells, or transplanted tissue and organs, due to major and minor histocompatibility differences between donor and recipient. Such regimens can lead to immune compromise and pathological consequences such as opportunistic infections or malignancies due to decreased cancer immune surveillance. In this article, we will discuss what is practically involved if one is developing and executing an iPSC haplobanking strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Sullivan
- Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies, Jack Copland Centre, Heriot-Watt Research Park, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Paul J Fairchild
- University of Oxford, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Steven G E Marsh
- HLA Informatics Group, Anthony Nolan Research Institute, Royal Free Campus, London, UK; UCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Carlheinz R Müller
- Zentrales Knochenmarkspender-Register Deutschland (ZKRD), Helmholtzstraße, 1089081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Marc L Turner
- Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies, Jack Copland Centre, Heriot-Watt Research Park, Edinburgh, UK; Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jihwan Song
- Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies, Jack Copland Centre, Heriot-Watt Research Park, Edinburgh, UK; Department of Biomedical Science, CHA Stem Cell Institute, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - David Turner
- Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies, Jack Copland Centre, Heriot-Watt Research Park, Edinburgh, UK; Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Development of genetic quality tests for good manufacturing practice-compliant induced pluripotent stem cells and their derivatives. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3939. [PMID: 32127560 PMCID: PMC7054319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60466-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Although human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) lines are karyotypically normal, they retain the potential for mutation in the genome. Accordingly, intensive and relevant quality controls for clinical-grade hiPSCs remain imperative. As a conceptual approach, we performed RNA-seq-based broad-range genetic quality tests on GMP-compliant human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-homozygous hiPSCs and their derivatives under postdistribution conditions to investigate whether sequencing data could provide a basis for future quality control. We found differences in the degree of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) occurring in cells cultured at three collaborating institutes. However, the cells cultured at each centre showed similar trends, in which more SNPs occurred in late-passage hiPSCs than in early-passage hiPSCs after differentiation. In eSNP karyotyping analysis, none of the predicted copy number variations (CNVs) were identified, which confirmed the results of SNP chip-based CNV analysis. HLA genotyping analysis revealed that each cell line was homozygous for HLA-A, HLA-B, and DRB1 and heterozygous for HLA-DPB type. Gene expression profiling showed a similar differentiation ability of early- and late-passage hiPSCs into cardiomyocyte-like, hepatic-like, and neuronal cell types. However, time-course analysis identified five clusters showing different patterns of gene expression, which were mainly related to the immune response. In conclusion, RNA-seq analysis appears to offer an informative genetic quality testing approach for such cell types and allows the early screening of candidate hiPSC seed stocks for clinical use by facilitating safety and potential risk evaluation.
Collapse
|
13
|
Garbern JC, Escalante GO, Lee RT. Pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for treatment of cardiomyopathic damage: Current concepts and future directions. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2020; 31:85-90. [PMID: 31983535 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Today, cell replacement therapy using pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (PSC-CMs) remains a research endeavor, with several hurdles that must be overcome before delivery of PSC-CMs can become a therapeutic reality. In this review, we highlight major findings to date from pre-clinical studies involving delivery of PSC-CMs and consider remaining challenges that must be addressed for successful clinical translation. Our goal is to provide an overview of the current status of cardiomyocyte replacement therapy and what challenges must be addressed before successful clinical translation of such therapies will be possible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica C Garbern
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States; Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Gabriela O Escalante
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
| | - Richard T Lee
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kim JH, Alderton A, Crook JM, Benvenisty N, Brandsten C, Firpo M, Harrison PW, Kawamata S, Kawase E, Kurtz A, Loring JF, Ludwig T, Man J, Mountford JC, Turner ML, Oh S, da Veiga Pereira L, Pranke P, Sheldon M, Steeg R, Sullivan S, Yaffe M, Zhou Q, Stacey GN. A Report from a Workshop of the International Stem Cell Banking Initiative, Held in Collaboration of Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, 2017. Stem Cells 2019; 37:1130-1135. [PMID: 31021472 PMCID: PMC7187460 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
This report summarizes the recent activity of the International Stem Cell Banking Initiative held at Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Boston, MA, USA, on June 18, 2017. In this meeting, we aimed to find consensus on ongoing issues of quality control (QC), safety, and efficacy of human pluripotent stem cell banks and their derivative cell therapy products for the global harmonization. In particular, assays for the QC testing such as pluripotency assays test and general QC testing criteria were intensively discussed. Moreover, the recent activities of global stem cell banking centers and the regulatory bodies were briefly summarized to provide an overview on global developments and issues. stem cells2019;37:1130–1135
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Kim
- Division of Intractable Diseases, Korea National Stem Cell Bank, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Alex Alderton
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy M Crook
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nissim Benvenisty
- The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Meri Firpo
- Cell Line Development Memphis Meats, Berkeley, California, USA.,University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Peter W Harrison
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Shin Kawamata
- Foundation for Biological Research and Innovation (FBRI), Kobe, Japan
| | - Eihachiro Kawase
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Andreas Kurtz
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeanne F Loring
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Department of Chemical Physiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Tenneille Ludwig
- WiCell Research Institute, WiCell Stem Cell Bank, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Jennifer Man
- UK Stem Cell Bank, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, South Mimms, United Kingdom.,Adaptimmune Ltd., Abingdon, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne C Mountford
- Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Marc L Turner
- Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.,Cell & Gene Therapy Catapult, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.,The Jack Copland Centre, Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies (GAiT), Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Oh
- National Laboratory for Embryonic Stem Cells (LaNCE), Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Biosciences Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lygia da Veiga Pereira
- Hematology and Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Stem Cell Research Institute, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pranke
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Michael Sheldon
- Roslin Innovation Centre, Censo Biotechnologies Ltd, Midlothian, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Steeg
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Stephen Sullivan
- The Jack Copland Centre, Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies (GAiT), Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Yaffe
- New York Stem Cell Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Qi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Glyn N Stacey
- International Stem Cell Banking Initiative, Royston, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Alvarez-Palomo B, Vives J, Casaroli-Marano RPP, G Gomez SG, Rodriguez Gómez L, Edel MJ, Querol Giner S. Adapting Cord Blood Collection and Banking Standard Operating Procedures for HLA-Homozygous Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Production and Banking for Clinical Application. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E476. [PMID: 30965661 PMCID: PMC6518259 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8040476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In this article, we will discuss the main aspects to be considered to define standard operation procedures (SOPs) for the creation of an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) bank using cord blood (CB)-or similar cell type-bank guidelines for clinical aims. To do this, we adapt the pre-existing SOP for CB banking that can be complementary for iPSCs. Some aspects of iPSC manufacturing and the particular nature of these cells call for special attention, such as the potential multiple applications of the cells, proper explanation to the donor for consent of use, the genomic stability and the risk of genetic privacy disclosure. Some aspects of the iPSC SOP are solidly established by CB banking procedures, other procedures have good consensus in the scientific and medical community, while others still need to be further debated and settled. Given the international sharing vocation of iPSC banking, there is an urgent need by scientists, clinicians and regulators internationally to harmonize standards and allow future sample interchange between many iPSC bank initiatives that are springing up worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Belén Alvarez-Palomo
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Joaquim Vives
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.
- Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ricardo P P Casaroli-Marano
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine & Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedical Research Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Susana G G Gomez
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Luciano Rodriguez Gómez
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Michael J Edel
- Previous Address: Molecular Genetics and Control of Pluripotency Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Casanova 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
- Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia.
- Harry Perkins Research Institute, Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine (CCTRM), School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, Oxford University, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
- Current address: Centro de Oftalmología Barraquer, Institut Universitari Barraquer, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Sergi Querol Giner
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Edifici Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà, Passeig Taulat 116, 08005 Barcelona, Spain.
- Musculoskeletal Tissue Engineering Group, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron 129-139, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Stacey G, Andrews P, Asante C, Barbaric I, Barry J, Bisset L, Braybrook J, Buckle R, Chandra A, Coffey P, Crouch S, Driver P, Evans A, Gardner J, Ginty P, Goldring C, Hay DC, Healy L, Hows A, Hutchinson C, Jesson H, Kalber T, Kimber S, Leathers R, Moyle S, Murray T, Neale M, Pan D, Park BK, Rebolledo RE, Rees I, Rivolta MN, Ritchie A, Roos EJ, Saeb-Parsy K, Schröder B, Sebastian S, Thomas A, Thomas RJ, Turner M, Vallier L, Vitillo L, Webster A, Williams D. Science-based assessment of source materials for cell-based medicines: report of a stakeholders workshop. Regen Med 2018; 13:935-944. [PMID: 30488776 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have the potential to transform medicine. However, hurdles remain to ensure safety for such cellular products. Science-based understanding of the requirements for source materials is required as are appropriate materials. Leaders in hPSC biology, clinical translation, biomanufacturing and regulatory issues were brought together to define requirements for source materials for the production of hPSC-derived therapies and to identify other key issues for the safety of cell therapy products. While the focus of this meeting was on hPSC-derived cell therapies, many of the issues are generic to all cell-based medicines. The intent of this report is to summarize the key issues discussed and record the consensus reached on each of these by the expert delegates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glyn Stacey
- International Stem Cell Banking Initiative, 2 High Street, Barley, Hertfordshire, SG8 8HZ, UK
| | - Peter Andrews
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Stem Cell Biology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yourkshire, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Curtis Asante
- Centre for Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine, King's College London, Guy's Campus, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Ivana Barbaric
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Stem Cell Biology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yourkshire, S10 2TN, UK
| | | | - Louise Bisset
- Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, London, E14 4PU, UK
| | - Julian Braybrook
- LGC Ltd, National Measurement Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LY, UK
| | | | | | - Peter Coffey
- University of California, Neuroscience Research Institue, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
- Institute of Opthalmology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sharon Crouch
- Financial & Business Services, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | - Amanda Evans
- University of Cambridge/NHS Blood & Transplant, Long Road, CB2 0PT, Cambridge, UK
| | - John Gardner
- School of Social Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick Ginty
- Regulatory Affairs, Cell and Gene Therapy Catapult, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Christopher Goldring
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - David C Hay
- University of Edinburgh, MRC Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Edinburgh, EH16 4UU, UK
| | - Lyn Healy
- Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Anna Hows
- Miltenyi Biotec, Bisley, GU24 9DR, UK
| | - Claire Hutchinson
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Helen Jesson
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Tammy Kalber
- Centre for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, University College London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sue Kimber
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine; Director EPSRC/MRC in Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | | | - Sarah Moyle
- Clinical Biomanufacturing Facility, Oxford University, Oxford, OX3 7JT, UK
| | - Trish Murray
- Department of Physiology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Michael Neale
- Institute of Opthalmology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - David Pan
- Medical Research Council, London, WC2B 4AN, UK
| | - B Kevin Park
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | | | - Ian Rees
- Medicines & Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency, London, E14 4PU, UK
| | - Marcelo N Rivolta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Centre for Stem Cell Biology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yourkshire, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Allan Ritchie
- Allan Ritchie Medical Device Consulting, Harrogate, HG1 1BX, UK
| | | | - Kourosh Saeb-Parsy
- Department of Surgery, University fo Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Bernd Schröder
- Miltenyi Biotec GmbH, 51429 Bergisch Gladbach, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany
| | - Sujith Sebastian
- School of Bioscience, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Angela Thomas
- College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Robert J Thomas
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Marc Turner
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh, EH14 4BE, UK
| | - Ludovic Vallier
- Wellcome-Medical Research Council Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Surgery, University of Cambridge, Cambridge UK
| | - Loriana Vitillo
- Institute of Opthalmology, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Andrew Webster
- SATSU, Department of Sociology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - David Williams
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liang Q, Monetti C, Shutova MV, Neely EJ, Hacibekiroglu S, Yang H, Kim C, Zhang P, Li C, Nagy K, Mileikovsky M, Gyongy I, Sung HK, Nagy A. Linking a cell-division gene and a suicide gene to define and improve cell therapy safety. Nature 2018; 563:701-704. [PMID: 30429614 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0733-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Human pluripotent cell lines hold enormous promise for the development of cell-based therapies. Safety, however, is a crucial prerequisite condition for clinical applications. Numerous groups have attempted to eliminate potentially harmful cells through the use of suicide genes1, but none has quantitatively defined the safety level of transplant therapies. Here, using genome-engineering strategies, we demonstrate the protection of a suicide system from inactivation in dividing cells. We created a transcriptional link between the suicide gene herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) and a cell-division gene (CDK1); this combination is designated the safe-cell system. Furthermore, we used a mathematical model to quantify the safety level of the cell therapy as a function of the number of cells that is needed for the therapy and the type of genome editing that is performed. Even with the highly conservative estimates described here, we anticipate that our solution will rapidly accelerate the entry of cell-based medicine into the clinic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claudio Monetti
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria V Shutova
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric J Neely
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sabiha Hacibekiroglu
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Huijuan Yang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher Kim
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Puzheng Zhang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chengjin Li
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kristina Nagy
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maria Mileikovsky
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Istvan Gyongy
- School of Mathematics and Maxwell Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Hoon-Ki Sung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andras Nagy
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. .,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. .,Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sullivan S, Stacey GN, Akazawa C, Aoyama N, Baptista R, Bedford P, Bennaceur Griscelli A, Chandra A, Elwood N, Girard M, Kawamata S, Hanatani T, Latsis T, Lin S, Ludwig TE, Malygina T, Mack A, Mountford JC, Noggle S, Pereira LV, Price J, Sheldon M, Srivastava A, Stachelscheid H, Velayudhan SR, Ward NJ, Turner ML, Barry J, Song J. Quality control guidelines for clinical-grade human induced pluripotent stem cell lines. Regen Med 2018; 13:859-866. [PMID: 30205750 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2018-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Use of clinical-grade human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines as a starting material for the generation of cellular therapeutics requires demonstration of comparability of lines derived from different individuals and in different facilities. This requires agreement on the critical quality attributes of such lines and the assays that should be used. Working from established recommendations and guidance from the International Stem Cell Banking Initiative for human embryonic stem cell banking, and concentrating on those issues more relevant to iPSCs, a series of consensus workshops has made initial recommendations on the minimum dataset required to consider an iPSC line of clinical grade, which are outlined in this report. Continued evolution of this field will likely lead to revision of these guidelines on a regular basis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Sullivan
- Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies (GAiT), The Jack Copland Centre, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Glyn N Stacey
- International Stem Cell Banking Initiative, 2 High St, Barley, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Chihiro Akazawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Aoyama
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ricardo Baptista
- Cell & Gene Therapy Catapult, 12th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Patrick Bedford
- Centre for Commercialization of Regenerative Medicine (CCRM), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Amit Chandra
- Centre for Biological Engineering, Loughborough University, Holywell Park, Loughborough, UK
| | - Ngaire Elwood
- Cord Blood Research, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Mathilde Girard
- Yposkesi, 2 Rue Henri Auguste Desbruères, 91100 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - Shin Kawamata
- Foundation Biomedical Research and Innovation (FBRI), Research and Development Center for Cell Therapy, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan
| | - Tadaaki Hanatani
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Theodoros Latsis
- APHP-Hopital Paul Brousse Université Paris Sud/ESteam Paris Inserm UMR 935, Villejuif, France
| | - Stephen Lin
- California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM), Lake Merritt Plaza, 1999 Harrison Street STE 1650, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Tenneille E Ludwig
- WiCell Research Institute (WiCell Stem Cell Bank), Madison, WI 53719, USA
| | - Tamara Malygina
- Optec LLC, Inzhenernaya Str., 28 Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Amanda Mack
- Fujifilm Cellular Dynamics International, 525 Science Dr., Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Joanne C Mountford
- Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Scott Noggle
- New York Stem Cell Foundation Laboratories, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lygia V Pereira
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jack Price
- UK Stem Cell Bank, National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, Hertfordshire, UK
| | - Michael Sheldon
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8009, USA
| | - Alok Srivastava
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore- 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.,Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College, Vellore- 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Harald Stachelscheid
- Charité - Universita¨tsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Shaji R Velayudhan
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore- 632004, Tamil Nadu, India.,Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College, Vellore- 632004, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Natalie J Ward
- Cell & Gene Therapy Catapult, 12th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Marc L Turner
- Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies (GAiT), The Jack Copland Centre, Edinburgh, UK.,Cell & Gene Therapy Catapult, 12th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.,Advanced Therapeutics, Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Jacqueline Barry
- Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies (GAiT), The Jack Copland Centre, Edinburgh, UK.,Cell & Gene Therapy Catapult, 12th Floor Tower Wing, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Jihwan Song
- Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies (GAiT), The Jack Copland Centre, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Biomedical Science, CHA Stem Cell Institute, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Oikonomopoulos A, Kitani T, Wu JC. Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes as a Platform for Cell Therapy Applications: Progress and Hurdles for Clinical Translation. Mol Ther 2018; 26:1624-1634. [PMID: 29699941 PMCID: PMC6035734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Regenerative therapy has been applied to restore lost cardiac muscle and cardiac performance. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can provide an unlimited source of cardiomyocytes and therefore play a key role in cardiac regeneration. Despite initial encouraging results from pre-clinical studies, progress toward clinical applications has been hampered by issues such as tumorigenesis, arrhythmogenesis, immune rejection, scalability, low graft-cell survival, and poor engraftment. Here, we review recent developments in iPSC research on regenerating injured heart tissue, including novel advances in cell therapy and potential strategies to overcome current obstacles in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelos Oikonomopoulos
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tomoya Kitani
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joseph C Wu
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Technology and Cardiomyocyte Generation: Progress and Clinical Applications. Cells 2018; 7:cells7060048. [PMID: 29799480 PMCID: PMC6025241 DOI: 10.3390/cells7060048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are reprogrammed cells that have hallmarks similar to embryonic stem cells including the capacity of self-renewal and differentiation into cardiac myocytes. The improvements in reprogramming and differentiating methods achieved in the past 10 years widened the use of hiPSCs, especially in cardiac research. hiPSC-derived cardiac myocytes (CMs) recapitulate phenotypic differences caused by genetic variations, making them attractive human disease models and useful tools for drug discovery and toxicology testing. In addition, hiPSCs can be used as sources of cells for cardiac regeneration in animal models. Here, we review the advances in the genetic and epigenetic control of cardiomyogenesis that underlies the significant improvement of the induced reprogramming of somatic cells to CMs; the methods used to improve scalability of throughput assays for functional screening and drug testing in vitro; the phenotypic characteristics of hiPSCs-derived CMs and their ability to rescue injured CMs through paracrine effects; we also cover the novel approaches in tissue engineering for hiPSC-derived cardiac tissue generation, and finally, their immunological features and the potential use in biomedical applications.
Collapse
|
21
|
Hourd P, Williams DJ. Scanning the horizon for high value-add manufacturing science: Accelerating manufacturing readiness for the next generation of disruptive, high-value curative cell therapeutics. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:759-767. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
22
|
Kim JH, Kurtz A, Yuan BZ, Zeng F, Lomax G, Loring JF, Crook J, Ju JH, Clarke L, Inamdar MS, Pera M, Firpo MT, Sheldon M, Rahman N, O'Shea O, Pranke P, Zhou Q, Isasi R, Rungsiwiwut R, Kawamata S, Oh S, Ludwig T, Masui T, Novak TJ, Takahashi T, Fujibuchi W, Koo SK, Stacey GN. Report of the International Stem Cell Banking Initiative Workshop Activity: Current Hurdles and Progress in Seed-Stock Banking of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1956-1962. [PMID: 29067781 PMCID: PMC6430055 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This article summarizes the recent activity of the International Stem Cell Banking Initiative (ISCBI) held at the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (CIRM) in California (June 26, 2016) and the Korean National Institutes for Health in Korea (October 19-20, 2016). Through the workshops, ISCBI is endeavoring to support a new paradigm for human medicine using pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) for cell therapies. Priority considerations for ISCBI include ensuring the safety and efficacy of a final cell therapy product and quality assured source materials, such as stem cells and primary donor cells. To these ends, ISCBI aims to promote global harmonization on quality and safety control of stem cells for research and the development of starting materials for cell therapies, with regular workshops involving hPSC banking centers, biologists, and regulatory bodies. Here, we provide a brief overview of two such recent activities, with summaries of key issues raised. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:1956-1962.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Hyun Kim
- Korea Stem Cell Bank, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health (KNIH), Osong, South Korea
| | | | - Bao-Zhu Yuan
- Cell Collection and Research Center, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
| | - Fanyi Zeng
- Shanghai Institute of Medical Genetics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Geoff Lomax
- California Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Jeanne F Loring
- Department of Molecular Medicine Center for Regenerative Medicine The Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy Crook
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, AIIM Facility, University of Wollongong, Fairy Meadow, New South Wales, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Laura Clarke
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | - Maneesha S Inamdar
- Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Meri T Firpo
- Stem Cell Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Michael Sheldon
- Department of Genetics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ
| | | | - Orla O'Shea
- UK Stem Cell Bank, Division of Advanced Therapies, NIBSC, South Mimms, UK
| | - Patricia Pranke
- Stem Cell Research Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Qi Zhou
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rosario Isasi
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Ruttachuk Rungsiwiwut
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Shin Kawamata
- Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Kobe, Japan
| | - Steve Oh
- Stem Cell Group, Bioprocessing Technology Institute, A*STAR, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | - Wataru Fujibuchi
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Soo Kyung Koo
- Korea Stem Cell Bank, Center for Biomedical Sciences, Korea National Institute of Health (KNIH), Osong, South Korea
| | - Glyn N Stacey
- UK Stem Cell Bank, Division of Advanced Therapies, NIBSC, South Mimms, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Islet and pancreas transplantation prove that β cell replacement can cure the glycemic derangements in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can differentiate into functional insulin-producing cells, able to restore normoglycemia in diabetic animal models. iPSCs in particular can be derived from the somatic cells of a person with T1D. This review aims to clarify if it is possible to transplant autologous iPSC-derived β cells without immunosuppression or which are the alternative approaches. RECENT FINDINGS Several lines of evidence show that autologous iPSC and their derivatives can be immune rejected, and this immunogenicity depends on the reprogramming, the type of cells generated, the transplantation site, and the genetic/epigenetic modifications induced by reprogramming and differentiation. Besides, cell replacement in T1D should keep in consideration also the possibility of autoimmune reaction against autologous stem cell-derived β cells. Autologous iPSC-derived β cells could be immunogenic upon transplantation, eliciting both auto and allogeneic immune response. A strategy to protect cells from immune rejection is still needed. This strategy should be efficacious in protecting the grafted cells, but also avoid toxicity and the risk of tumor formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Sordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Pellegrini
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Piemonti
- Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Simple and effective generation of transgene-free induced pluripotent stem cells using an auto-erasable Sendai virus vector responding to microRNA-302. Stem Cell Res 2017; 23:13-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|
25
|
Canto-Soler V, Flores-Bellver M, Vergara MN. Stem Cell Sources and Their Potential for the Treatment of Retinal Degenerations. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 57:ORSFd1-9. [PMID: 27116661 PMCID: PMC6892419 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-19127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells offer unprecedented opportunities for the development of strategies geared toward the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases. A variety of cellular sources have been investigated for various potential clinical applications, including tissue regeneration, disease modeling, and screening for non–cell-based therapeutic agents. As the field transitions from more than a decade of preclinical research to the first phase I/II clinical trials, we provide a concise overview of the stem cell sources most commonly used, weighing their therapeutic potential on the basis of their technical strengths/limitations, their ethical implications, and the extent of the progress achieved to date. This article serves as a framework for further in-depth analyses presented in the following chapters of this Special Issue.
Collapse
|
26
|
Fairchild PJ, Horton C, Lahiri P, Shanmugarajah K, Davies TJ. Beneath the sword of Damocles: regenerative medicine and the shadow of immunogenicity. Regen Med 2016; 11:817-829. [DOI: 10.2217/rme-2016-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Few topics in regenerative medicine have inspired such impassioned debate as the immunogenicity of cell types and tissues differentiated from pluripotent stem cells. While early predictions suggested that tissues derived from allogeneic sources may evade immune surveillance altogether, the pendulum has since swung to the opposite extreme, with reports that the ectopic expression of a few developmental antigens may prompt rejection, even of tissues differentiated from autologous cell lines. Here we review the evidence on which these contradictory claims are based in order to reach an objective assessment of the likely magnitude of the immunological challenges ahead. Furthermore, we discuss how the inherent properties of pluripotent stem cells may inform strategies for reducing the impact of immunogenicity on the future ambitions of regenerative medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Fairchild
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Christopher Horton
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Priyoshi Lahiri
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Kumaran Shanmugarajah
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Timothy J Davies
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3RE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hannoun Z, Steichen C, Dianat N, Weber A, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. The potential of induced pluripotent stem cell derived hepatocytes. J Hepatol 2016; 65:182-199. [PMID: 26916529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Orthotopic liver transplantation remains the only curative treatment for liver disease. However, the number of patients who die while on the waiting list (15%) has increased in recent years as a result of severe organ shortages; furthermore the incidence of liver disease is increasing worldwide. Clinical trials involving hepatocyte transplantation have provided encouraging results. However, transplanted cell function appears to often decline after several months, necessitating liver transplantation. The precise aetiology of the loss of cell function is not clear, but poor engraftment and immune-mediated loss appear to be important factors. Also, primary human hepatocytes (PHH) are not readily available, de-differentiate, and die rapidly in culture. Hepatocytes are available from other sources, such as tumour-derived human hepatocyte cell lines and immortalised human hepatocyte cell lines or porcine hepatocytes. However, all these cells suffer from various limitations such as reduced or differences in functions or risk of zoonotic infections. Due to their significant potential, one possible inexhaustible source of hepatocytes is through the directed differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). This review will discuss the potential applications and existing limitations of hiPSC-derived hepatocytes in regenerative medicine, drug screening, in vitro disease modelling and bioartificial livers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zara Hannoun
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Clara Steichen
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Noushin Dianat
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Anne Weber
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM U1193, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France; UMR_S1193, Université Paris-Sud, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94800, France; Département hospitalo-universitaire Hepatinov, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif F-94807, France.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Azuma K, Yamanaka S. Recent policies that support clinical application of induced pluripotent stem cell-based regenerative therapies. Regen Ther 2016; 4:36-47. [PMID: 31245486 PMCID: PMC6581825 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In Japan, a research center network consisting of Kyoto University to provide clinical-grade induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSC) and several major research centers to develop iPSC-based regenerative therapies was formed for the clinical application of iPSCs. This network is under the supervision of a newly formed funding agency, the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development. In parallel, regulatory authorities of Japan, including the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, and Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, are trying to accelerate the development process of regenerative medicine products (RMPs) by several initiatives: 1) introduction of a conditional and time-limited approval scheme only applicable to RMPs under the revised Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Act, 2) expansion of a consultation program at the early stage of development, 3) establishment of guidelines to support efficient development and review and 4) enhancement of post-market safety measures such as introduction of patient registries and setting user requirements with cooperation from relevant academic societies and experts. Ultimately, the establishment of a global network among iPSC banks that derives clinical-grade iPSCs from human leukocyte antigens homozygous donors has been proposed. In order to share clinical-grade iPSCs globally and to facilitate global development of iPSC-based RMPs, it will be necessary to promote regulatory harmonization and to establish common standards related to iPSCs and differentiated cells based on scientific evidence.
Collapse
Key Words
- AMED, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
- BLA, Biological License Approval
- CFR, Code of Federal Regulations
- CiRA, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application
- DMF, Drug Master File
- ESC, embryonic stem cell
- FDA, Food and Drug Administration
- FY, fiscal year
- GAiT, Global Alliance for iPS Cell Therapies
- GCTP, Good Gene, Cell, Cellular and Tissue-based Products Manufacturing Practice
- GMP, good manufacturing practice
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen
- Haplobank
- IBRI, Institution of Biomedical Research and Innovation
- ICH, The International Conference on Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use
- IND, Investigational New Drug
- INTERMACS, Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support
- IRB, Institutional Review Board
- J-MACS, Japanese Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support
- JST, Japan Science and Technology Agency
- Japan
- LVAD, left ventricular assist device
- METI, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
- MEXT, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- MHLW, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare
- NEDO, New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
- NIBIO, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation
- NIHS, National Institute of Health Science
- PAL, Pharmaceutical Affairs Law
- PIC/S, The Pharmaceutical Inspection Convention and Pharmaceutical Inspection Co-operation Scheme
- PMD Act, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Act
- PMDA, Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency
- Policy
- R&D, research and development
- RM Act, the Act on the Safety of Regenerative Medicine
- RMP, regenerative medicine product
- Regenerative medicine
- Regulation
- Riken CDB, Riken Center for Developmental Biology
- U.S., United States
- WHO, World Health Organization
- iPS cells
- iPSC, induced pluripotent stem cell
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Azuma
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shinya Yamanaka
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, California 94158, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Alessandri K, Feyeux M, Gurchenkov B, Delgado C, Trushko A, Krause KH, Vignjević D, Nassoy P, Roux A. A 3D printed microfluidic device for production of functionalized hydrogel microcapsules for culture and differentiation of human Neuronal Stem Cells (hNSC). LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:1593-604. [PMID: 27025278 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00133e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We present here a microfluidic device that generates sub-millimetric hollow hydrogel spheres, encapsulating cells and coated internally with a layer of reconstituted extracellular matrix (ECM) of a few microns thick. The spherical capsules, composed of alginate hydrogel, originate from the spontaneous instability of a multi-layered jet formed by co-extrusion using a coaxial flow device. We provide a simple design to manufacture this device using a DLP (digital light processing) 3D printer. Then, we demonstrate how the inner wall of the capsules can be decorated with a continuous ECM layer that is anchored to the alginate gel and mimics the basal membrane of a cellular niche. Finally, we used this approach to encapsulate human Neural Stem Cells (hNSC) derived from human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hIPSC), which were further differentiated into neurons within the capsules with negligible loss of viability. Altogether, we show that these capsules may serve as cell micro-containers compatible with complex cell culture conditions and applications. These developments widen the field of research and biomedical applications of the cell encapsulation technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Alessandri
- University of Geneva, Department of Biochemistry, quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. and Institut Curie et Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 168, F-75248 Paris, France and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Maxime Feyeux
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Basile Gurchenkov
- Institut Curie et Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 168, F-75248 Paris, France and Université Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France and ICI, IGBMC, CNRS, UMR7104, F-67404 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France and INSERM, U964, Université de Strasbourg, F-67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France and Institut Curie et Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 144, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Christophe Delgado
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Anastasiya Trushko
- University of Geneva, Department of Biochemistry, quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
| | - Karl-Heinz Krause
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Daniela Vignjević
- Institut Curie et Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 144, F-75248 Paris, France
| | - Pierre Nassoy
- University of Geneva, Department of Biochemistry, quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. and Institut Curie et Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 168, F-75248 Paris, France and Université de Bordeaux, LP2N, UMR 5298, F-33400 Talence, France and Institut d'Optique & CNRS, LP2N, UMR 5298, F-33400 Talence, France
| | - Aurélien Roux
- University of Geneva, Department of Biochemistry, quai Ernest Ansermet 30, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. and Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research Programme Chemical Biology, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Wray S, Fox NC. Stem cell therapy for Alzheimer's disease: hope or hype? Lancet Neurol 2015; 15:133-135. [PMID: 26704440 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(15)00382-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selina Wray
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - Nick C Fox
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegeneration, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| |
Collapse
|