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Zhang A, Zhang M, Han T, Su H, Guo W, Ren H, Ding F, Zhao W. Evolutionary Pathways of T-Phase Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: A Comprehensive Study of Pt xSe y Clusters. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39253906 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c11186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the transition from nonplanar to planar clusters is crucial for the controllable synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) monolayers. Using PtSe2 as a model, we investigate how the chemical environment influences the nucleation and growth stages of monolayer PtSe2 through structure searching and first-principles calculations. We established a comprehensive database of platinum selenide clusters (PtxSey, x = 1-10), analyzing 2095 unique clusters and identifying 191 stable isomers and 63 structures with the lowest formation energy on the convex hull. Our findings reveal a chemical environment-dependent phase transition from 3D structures to the planar T-phase of PtxSey clusters, representing an evolutionary route for PtSe2 growth. Clusters such as PtSe6, Pt2Se9, Pt3Se10, and Pt7Se10 in Pt-rich environments, as well as Pt2Se15 and Pt10Se32 in Se-rich environments, have been found to exhibit high stability. Additionally, the impact of varying chemical potentials of Pt and Se on the stability of these clusters is explored. PtSe4 and PtSe6 are found to be highly stable under most experimentally achievable chemical potential conditions and may serve as dominant precursors during PtSe2 growth. This work advances our understanding of the nucleation processes of PtSe2 and other T-phase TMDC materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixinye Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Mingxiang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Tongying Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Hang Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Wenyue Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Hao Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
| | - Feng Ding
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wen Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
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2
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Li Z, Wang H, Wang H, Ma Y, Qing F, Li X, Li Q, Xie D, Zhu H. Janus Doping of Sulfur into Platinum Diselenide Ribbons. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400892. [PMID: 39180257 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
2D platinum diselenide (PtSe2), a novel member of the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) family, possesses many excellent properties, including a layer-dependent bandgap, high carrier mobility, and broadband response, making it promise for applications in technologies like field-effect transistors and room-temperature photodetectors. Doping represents an effective method to modify the electrical properties of 2D TMDCs and to bestow upon them additional functions. However, to date, little research has been conducted on the successful doping of 2D PtSe2 for modification. In this study, sulfur (S) powder is utilized during the chemical vapor deposition growth process of 2D PtSe2 ribbons and successfully integrated into the PtSe2 lattice through substitutional doping. The Au substrate significantly decreases the substitution energy of Se atoms in the lower layer of PtSe2, resulting in the formation of the Janus PtSSe structure. S-doped PtSe2 ribbons demonstrate significant symmetry breaking and enhanced electrical properties, showcasing a strong nonlinear optical response and certain synaptic plasticity, further simulating some neuromorphological processes. This study not only demonstrates a viable method for controllable doping and modification of 2D PtSe2 but also establishes a platform for exploring the characteristics of Janus TMDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zechen Li
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Honglin Wang
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huaipeng Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yunpeng Ma
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fangzhu Qing
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Xuesong Li
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518110, China
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dan Xie
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- State Key Lab of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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3
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Han SS, Sattar S, Kireev D, Shin JC, Bae TS, Ryu HI, Cao J, Shum AK, Kim JH, Canali CM, Akinwande D, Lee GH, Chung HS, Jung Y. Reversible Transition of Semiconducting PtSe 2 and Metallic PtTe 2 for Scalable All-2D Edge-Contacted FETs. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:1891-1900. [PMID: 38150559 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) layers are highly promising as field-effect transistor (FET) channels in the atomic-scale limit. However, accomplishing this superiority in scaled-up FETs remains challenging due to their van der Waals (vdW) bonding nature with respect to conventional metal electrodes. Herein, we report a scalable approach to fabricate centimeter-scale all-2D FET arrays of platinum diselenide (PtSe2) with in-plane platinum ditelluride (PtTe2) edge contacts, mitigating the aforementioned challenges. We realized a reversible transition between semiconducting PtSe2 and metallic PtTe2 via a low-temperature anion exchange reaction compatible with the back-end-of-line (BEOL) processes. All-2D PtSe2 FETs seamlessly edge-contacted with transited metallic PtTe2 exhibited significant performance improvements compared to those with surface-contacted gold electrodes, e.g., an increase of carrier mobility and on/off ratio by over an order of magnitude, achieving a maximum hole mobility of ∼50.30 cm2 V-1 s-1 at room temperature. This study opens up new opportunities toward atomically thin 2D-TMD-based circuitries with extraordinary functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Sub Han
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
| | - Shahid Sattar
- Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linnaeus University, Kalmar SE-39231, Sweden
| | - Dmitry Kireev
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, United States
- Microelectronics Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - June-Chul Shin
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Bae
- Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Ih Ryu
- Analytical Research Division, Korea Basic Science Institute, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Jung Han Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Republic of Korea
| | - Carlo Maria Canali
- Department of Physics and Electrical Engineering, Linnaeus University, Kalmar SE-39231, Sweden
| | - Deji Akinwande
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, United States
- Microelectronics Research Center, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78758, United States
| | - Gwan-Hyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Suk Chung
- Electron Microscopy and Spectroscopy Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonwoong Jung
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32826, United States
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4
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Ji J, Zhou Y, Zhou B, Desgué E, Legagneux P, Jepsen PU, Bøggild P. Probing Carrier Dynamics in Large-Scale MBE-Grown PtSe 2 Films by Terahertz Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37883033 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin platinum diselenide (PtSe2) films are promising for applications in the fields of electronics, spintronics, and photodetectors owing to their tunable electronic structure and high carrier mobility. Using terahertz (THz) spectroscopy techniques, we investigated the layer-dependent semiconducting-to-metallic phase transition and associated intrinsic carrier dynamics in large-scale PtSe2 films grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The uniformity of large-scale PtSe2 films was characterized by spatially and frequency-resolved THz-based sheet conductivity mapping. Furthermore, we use an optical-pump-THz-probe technique to study the transport dynamics of photoexcited carriers and explore light-induced intergrain carrier transport in PtSe2 films. We demonstrate large-scale THz-based mapping of the electrical properties of transition metal dichalcogenide films and show that the two noncontact THz-based approaches provide insight in the spatial and temporal properties of PtSe2 films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ji
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Yingqiu Zhou
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Binbin Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Eva Desgué
- Thales Research and Technology, Palaiseau 91767, France
| | | | - Peter Uhd Jepsen
- Department of Electrical and Photonics Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Peter Bøggild
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby 2800, Denmark
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Abusa Y, Yox P, Cady SD, Viswanathan G, Opare-Addo J, Smith EA, Mudryk Y, Lebedev OI, Perras FA, Kovnir K. Make Selenium Reactive Again: Activating Elemental Selenium for Synthesis of Metal Selenides Ranging from Nanocrystals to Large Single Crystals. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:22762-22775. [PMID: 37813388 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The inertness of elemental selenium is a significant obstacle in the synthesis of selenium-containing materials at low reaction temperatures. Over the years, several recipes have been developed to overcome this hurdle; however, most of the methods are associated with the use of highly toxic, expensive, and environmentally harmful reagents. As such, there is an increasing demand for the design of cheap, stable, and nontoxic reactive selenium precursors usable in the low-temperature synthesis of transition metal selenides with vast applications in nanotechnology, thermoelectrics, and superconductors. Herein, a novel synthetic route has been developed for activating elemental selenium by using a solvothermal approach. By comprehensive 77Se NMR, Raman, and infrared spectroscopies and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, we show that the activated Se solution contained HSe-, [Se-Se]2-, and Se2- ions, as well as dialkyl selenide (R2Se) and dialkyl diselenide (R-Se-Se-R) species in dynamic equilibrium. This also corresponded to the first observation of naked Se22- in solution. The versatility of the developed Se precursor was demonstrated by the successful synthesis of (i) the polycrystalline room-temperature modification of the β-Ag2Se thermoelectric material; (ii) large single crystals of superconducting β-FeSe; (iii) CdSe nanocrystals with different particle sizes (3-10 nm); (iv) nanosheets of PtSe2; and (v) mono- and dibenzyl selenides and diselenides at room temperature. The simplicity and diversity of the developed Se activation method holds promise for applied and fundamental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Abusa
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Philip Yox
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Sarah D Cady
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Gayatri Viswanathan
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Jemima Opare-Addo
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Emily A Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Yaroslav Mudryk
- Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Oleg I Lebedev
- Laboratoire CRISMAT, ENSICAEN, CNRS UMR 6508, 14050 Caen, France
| | - Frédéric A Perras
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Kirill Kovnir
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
- Ames National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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Su H, Zheng Z, Yu Z, Feng S, Lan H, Wang S, Zhang M, Li L, Liang H. Optically Controlling Broadband Terahertz Modulator Based on Layer-Dependent PtSe 2 Nanofilms. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:795. [PMID: 36903672 PMCID: PMC10005757 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose an optically controlling broadband terahertz modulator of a layer-dependent PtSe2 nanofilm based on a high-resistance silicon substrate. Through optical pump and terahertz probe system, the results show that compared with 6-, 10-, and 20-layer films, a 3-layer PtSe2 nanofilm has better surface photoconductivity in the terahertz band and has a higher plasma frequency ωp of 0.23 THz and a lower scattering time τs of 70 fs by Drude-Smith fitting. By the terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, the broadband amplitude modulation of a 3-layer PtSe2 film in the range of 0.1-1.6 THz was obtained, and the modulation depth reached 50.9% at a pump density of 2.5 W/cm2. This work proves that PtSe2 nanofilm devices are suitable for terahertz modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Su
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zesong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhisheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shiping Feng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Huiting Lan
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shixing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Huawei Liang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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7
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Tan Y, Hao H, Chen Y, Kang Y, Xu T, Li C, Xie X, Jiang T. A Bioinspired Retinomorphic Device for Spontaneous Chromatic Adaptation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2206816. [PMID: 36210720 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Chromatic adaptation refers to the sensing and preprocessing of the spectral composition of incident light on the retina, and it is important for color-image recognition. It is challenging to apply sensing, memory, and processing functions to color images via the same physical process using the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology because of redundant data detection, complicated signal conversion processes, and the requirement for additional memory modules. Inspired by the highly efficient chromatic adaptation of the human retina, a 2D oxygen-mediated platinum diselenide (PtSe2 ) device is presented to simultaneously apply sensing, memory, and processing functions to color images. The device exhibits a wavelength-dependent bipolar photoresponse and the linear pulse-number dependence of photoconductivity, which is dominated by the photon-mediated physical adsorption and desorption of oxygen molecules on bilayer PtSe2 . The proposed retinomorphic device shows superior image classification accuracy (over 90%) compared to an independent pseudocolor channel (less than 75%). Hence, it is promising for developing artificial vision perception systems with reduced architectural complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinlong Tan
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Hao Hao
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, 410073, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Yabo Chen
- College of Computer Science and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Yan Kang
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Tao Xu
- College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Li
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, 410073, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Xiangnan Xie
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, 410073, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Tian Jiang
- Institute for Quantum Science and Technology, College of Science, National University of Defense Technology, 410073, Changsha, P. R. China
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8
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Liu CJ, Wan Y, Li LJ, Lin CP, Hou TH, Huang ZY, Hu VPH. 2D Materials-Based Static Random-Access Memory. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2107894. [PMID: 34932857 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
2D transition-metal dichalcogenide semiconductors, such as MoS2 and WSe2 , with adequate bandgaps are promising channel materials for ultrascaled logic transistors. This scalability study of 2D material (2DM)-based field-effect transistor (FET) and static random-access memory (SRAM) cells analyzing the impact of layer thickness reveals that the monolayer 2DM FET with superior electrostatics is beneficial for its ability to mitigate the read-write conflict in an SRAM cell at scaled technology nodes (1-2.1 nm). Moreover, the monolayer 2DM SRAM exhibits lower cell read access time and write time than the bilayer and trilayer 2DM SRAM cells at fixed leakage power. This simulation predicts that the optimization of 2DM SRAM designed with state-of-the-art contact resistance, mobility, and equivalent oxide thickness leads to excellent stability and operation speed at the 1-nm node. Applying the nanosheet (NS) gate-all-around (GAA) structure to 2DM further reduces cell read access time and write time and improves the area density of the SRAM cells, demonstrating a feasible scaling path beyond Si technology using 2DM NSFETs. In addition to the device design, the process challenges for 2DM NSFETs, including the cost-effective stacking of 2DM layers, formation of electrical contacts, suspended 2DM channels, and GAA structures, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ju Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan, 320, Taiwan
| | - Yi Wan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, 9999077, Hong Kong
| | - Lain-Jong Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, 9999077, Hong Kong
| | - Chih-Pin Lin
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Institute of Electronics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Tuo-Hung Hou
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Institute of Electronics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Zi-Yuan Huang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Vita Pi-Ho Hu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
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9
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Jamdagni P, Kumar A, Srivastava S, Pandey R, Tankeshwar K. Photocatalytic properties of anisotropic β-PtX 2 (X = S, Se) and Janus β-PtSSe monolayers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22289-22297. [PMID: 36098214 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02549c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The highly efficient photocatalytic water splitting process to produce clean energy requires novel semiconductor materials to achieve a high solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency. Herein, the photocatalytic properties of anisotropic β-PtX2 (X = S, Se) and Janus β-PtSSe monolayers were investigated based on the density functional theory. The small cleavage energy for β-PtS2 (0.44 J m-2) and β-PtSe2 (0.40 J m-2) endorses the possibility of mechanical exfoliation from their respective layered bulk materials. The calculated results revealed that the β-PtX2 monolayers have an appropriate bandgap (∼1.8-2.6 eV) enclosing the water redox potential, light absorption coefficient (∼104 cm-1), and exciton binding energy (∼0.5-0.7 eV), which facilitates excellent visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance. Remarkably, the inherent structural anisotropy leads to an anisotropic high carrier mobility (up to ∼5 × 103 cm2 V-1 S-1), leading to a fast transport of photogenerated carriers. Notably, the required small external potential to realize hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction processes with an excellent solar-to-hydrogen energy conversion efficiency for β-PtSe2 (∼16%) and β-PtSSe (∼18%) makes them promising candidates for solar water splitting applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Jamdagni
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, 123031, India.
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Physics, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India
| | - Sunita Srivastava
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, 123031, India.
| | - Ravindra Pandey
- Department of Physics, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA.
| | - K Tankeshwar
- Department of Physics and Astrophysics, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, 123031, India.
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10
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Bennett TLR, Alshammari M, Au-Yong S, Almutlg A, Wang X, Wilkinson LA, Albrecht T, Jarvis SP, Cohen LF, Ismael A, Lambert CJ, Robinson BJ, Long NJ. Multi-component self-assembled molecular-electronic films: towards new high-performance thermoelectric systems. Chem Sci 2022; 13:5176-5185. [PMID: 35655580 PMCID: PMC9093172 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00078d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermoelectric properties of parallel arrays of organic molecules on a surface offer the potential for large-area, flexible, solution processed, energy harvesting thin-films, whose room-temperature transport properties are controlled by quantum interference (QI). Recently, it has been demonstrated that constructive QI (CQI) can be translated from single molecules to self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), boosting both electrical conductivities and Seebeck coefficients. However, these CQI-enhanced systems are limited by rigid coupling of the component molecules to metallic electrodes, preventing the introduction of additional layers which would be advantageous for their further development. These rigid couplings also limit our ability to suppress the transport of phonons through these systems, which could act to boost their thermoelectric output, without comprising on their impressive electronic features. Here, through a combined experimental and theoretical study, we show that cross-plane thermoelectricity in SAMs can be enhanced by incorporating extra molecular layers. We utilize a bottom-up approach to assemble multi-component thin-films that combine a rigid, highly conductive 'sticky'-linker, formed from alkynyl-functionalised anthracenes, and a 'slippery'-linker consisting of a functionalized metalloporphyrin. Starting from an anthracene-based SAM, we demonstrate that subsequent addition of either a porphyrin layer or a graphene layer increases the Seebeck coefficient, and addition of both porphyrin and graphene leads to a further boost in their Seebeck coefficients. This demonstration of Seebeck-enhanced multi-component SAMs is the first of its kind and presents a new strategy towards the design of thin-film thermoelectric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Troy L R Bennett
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRH White City London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Majed Alshammari
- Physics Department, Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Jouf University Skaka Saudi Arabia
| | - Sophie Au-Yong
- Physics Department, Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | - Ahmad Almutlg
- Physics Department, Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Qassim University Almethnab Saudi Arabia
| | - Xintai Wang
- Physics Department, Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Luke A Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of York Heslington York YO10 5DD UK
| | - Tim Albrecht
- Department of Chemistry, Birmingham University Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK
| | - Samuel P Jarvis
- Physics Department, Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | - Lesley F Cohen
- The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Ali Ismael
- Physics Department, Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
- Department of Physics, College of Education for Pure Science, Tikrit University Tikrit Iraq
| | - Colin J Lambert
- Physics Department, Lancaster University Lancaster LA1 4YB UK
| | | | - Nicholas J Long
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRH White City London W12 0BZ UK
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11
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Parhizkar S, Prechtl M, Giesecke AL, Suckow S, Wahl S, Lukas S, Hartwig O, Negm N, Quellmalz A, Gylfason K, Schall D, Wuttig M, Duesberg GS, Lemme MC. Two-Dimensional Platinum Diselenide Waveguide-Integrated Infrared Photodetectors. ACS PHOTONICS 2022; 9:859-867. [PMID: 35308407 PMCID: PMC8931762 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.1c01517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Low-cost, easily integrable photodetectors (PDs) for silicon (Si) photonics are still a bottleneck for photonic-integrated circuits (PICs), especially for wavelengths above 1.8 μm. Multilayered platinum diselenide (PtSe2) is a semi-metallic two-dimensional (2D) material that can be synthesized below 450 °C. We integrate PtSe2-based PDs directly by conformal growth on Si waveguides. The PDs operate at 1550 nm wavelength with a maximum responsivity of 11 mA/W and response times below 8.4 μs. Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy in the wavelength range from 1.25 to 28 μm indicates the suitability of PtSe2 for PDs far into the IR wavelength range. Our PtSe2 PDs integrated by direct growth outperform PtSe2 PDs manufactured by standard 2D layer transfer. The combination of IR responsivity, chemical stability, selective and conformal growth at low temperatures, and the potential for high carrier mobility makes PtSe2 an attractive 2D material for optoelectronics and PICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Parhizkar
- Chair
of Electronic Devices, RWTH Aachen University, Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- AMO
GmbH, Advanced Microelectronic Center Aachen, Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 25, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Maximilian Prechtl
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology
(EIT 2) and Center for Integrated Sensor Systems, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Anna Lena Giesecke
- AMO
GmbH, Advanced Microelectronic Center Aachen, Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 25, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Stephan Suckow
- AMO
GmbH, Advanced Microelectronic Center Aachen, Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 25, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sophia Wahl
- Institute
of Physics IA, RWTH Aachen University, Otto-Blumenthal-Straße, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lukas
- Chair
of Electronic Devices, RWTH Aachen University, Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Oliver Hartwig
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology
(EIT 2) and Center for Integrated Sensor Systems, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Nour Negm
- Chair
of Electronic Devices, RWTH Aachen University, Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- AMO
GmbH, Advanced Microelectronic Center Aachen, Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 25, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Arne Quellmalz
- Division
of Micro and Nanosystems, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer
Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristinn Gylfason
- Division
of Micro and Nanosystems, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer
Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Schall
- AMO
GmbH, Advanced Microelectronic Center Aachen, Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 25, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Black Semiconductor
GmbH, Schloss-Rahe-Straße
15, 52072 Aachen, Germany
| | - Matthias Wuttig
- Institute
of Physics IA, RWTH Aachen University, Otto-Blumenthal-Straße, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Georg S. Duesberg
- Institute
of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology
(EIT 2) and Center for Integrated Sensor Systems, University of the Bundeswehr Munich, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Max C. Lemme
- Chair
of Electronic Devices, RWTH Aachen University, Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- AMO
GmbH, Advanced Microelectronic Center Aachen, Otto-Blumenthal-Str. 25, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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12
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Ermolaev GA, Voronin KV, Tatmyshevskiy MK, Mazitov AB, Slavich AS, Yakubovsky DI, Tselin AP, Mironov MS, Romanov RI, Markeev AM, Kruglov IA, Novikov SM, Vyshnevyy AA, Arsenin AV, Volkov VS. Broadband Optical Properties of Atomically Thin PtS 2 and PtSe 2. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:3269. [PMID: 34947618 PMCID: PMC8708229 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Noble transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) such as PtS2 and PtSe2 show significant potential in a wide range of optoelectronic and photonic applications. Noble TMDCs, unlike standard TMDCs such as MoS2 and WS2, operate in the ultrawide spectral range from ultraviolet to mid-infrared wavelengths; however, their properties remain largely unexplored. Here, we measured the broadband (245-3300 nm) optical constants of ultrathin PtS2 and PtSe2 films to eliminate this gap and provide a foundation for optoelectronic device simulation. We discovered their broadband absorption and high refractive index both theoretically and experimentally. Based on first-principle calculations, we also predicted their giant out-of-plane optical anisotropy for monocrystals. As a practical illustration of the obtained optical properties, we demonstrated surface plasmon resonance biosensors with PtS2 or PtSe2 functional layers, which dramatically improves sensor sensitivity by 60 and 30%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgy A. Ermolaev
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Kirill V. Voronin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Mikhail K. Tatmyshevskiy
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Arslan B. Mazitov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), 22 Suschevskaya St., 127055 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandr S. Slavich
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Dmitry I. Yakubovsky
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Andrey P. Tselin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Mikhail S. Mironov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Roman I. Romanov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 31 Kashirskoe Sh., 115409 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Andrey M. Markeev
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Ivan A. Kruglov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
- Dukhov Research Institute of Automatics (VNIIA), 22 Suschevskaya St., 127055 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey M. Novikov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Andrey A. Vyshnevyy
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
| | - Aleksey V. Arsenin
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
- GrapheneTek, Skolkovo Innovation Center, 143026 Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentyn S. Volkov
- Center for Photonics and 2D Materials, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 9 Institutsky Lane, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia; (G.A.E.); (K.V.V.); (M.K.T.); (A.B.M.); (A.S.S.); (D.I.Y.); (A.P.T.); (M.S.M.); (A.M.M.); (I.A.K.); (S.M.N.); (A.A.V.); (A.V.A.)
- GrapheneTek, Skolkovo Innovation Center, 143026 Moscow, Russia
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13
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Bae S, Nah S, Lee D, Sajjad M, Singh N, Kang KM, Kim S, Kim GJ, Kim J, Baik H, Lee K, Sim S. Exciton-Dominated Ultrafast Optical Response in Atomically Thin PtSe 2. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2103400. [PMID: 34569143 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202103400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Strongly bound excitons are a characteristic hallmark of 2D semiconductors, enabling unique light-matter interactions and novel optical applications. Platinum diselenide (PtSe2 ) is an emerging 2D material with outstanding optical and electrical properties and excellent air stability. Bulk PtSe2 is a semimetal, but its atomically thin form shows a semiconducting phase with the appearance of a band-gap, making one expect strongly bound 2D excitons. However, the excitons in PtSe2 have been barely studied, either experimentally or theoretically. Here, the authors directly observe and theoretically confirm excitons and their ultrafast dynamics in mono-, bi-, and tri-layer PtSe2 single crystals. Steady-state optical microscopy reveals exciton absorption resonances and their thickness dependence, confirmed by first-principles calculations. Ultrafast transient absorption microscopy finds that the exciton dominates the transient broadband response, resulting from strong exciton bleaching and renormalized band-gap-induced exciton shifting. The overall transient spectrum redshifts with increasing thickness as the shrinking band-gap redshifts the exciton resonance. This study provides novel insights into exciton photophysics in platinum dichalcogenides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongkwang Bae
- Division of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, 15588, South Korea
| | - Sanghee Nah
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Doeon Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Muhammad Sajjad
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nirpendra Singh
- Department of Physics, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
- Center for Catalysis and Separation (CeCaS), Khalifa University of Science and Technology, Abu Dhabi, 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ku Min Kang
- Department of Photonics and Nanoelectronics, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, 15588, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, 15588, South Korea
| | - Sanghoon Kim
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Gyeonggi, 15588, South Korea
| | - Geun-Ju Kim
- Electro-Medical Device Research Center, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Ansan, Gyeonggi, 15588, South Korea
| | - Jaekyun Kim
- Department of Photonics and Nanoelectronics, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, 15588, South Korea
- BK21 FOUR ERICA-ACE Center, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, 15588, South Korea
| | - Hionsuck Baik
- Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Kyusang Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, 22904, USA
| | - Sangwan Sim
- Division of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi, 15588, South Korea
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14
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Yan W, Johnson BC, Balendhran S, Cadusch J, Yan D, Michel JI, Wang S, Zheng T, Crozier K, Bullock J. Visible to Short-Wave Infrared Photodetectors Based on ZrGeTe 4 van der Waals Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:45881-45889. [PMID: 34523918 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The self-terminated, layered structure of van der Waals materials introduces fundamental advantages for infrared (IR) optoelectronic devices. These are mainly associated with the potential for low noise while maintaining high internal quantum efficiency when reducing IR absorber thicknesses. In this study, we introduce a new van der Waals material candidate, zirconium germanium telluride (ZrGeTe4), to a growing family of promising IR van der Waals materials. We find the bulk form ZrGeTe4 has an indirect band edge around ∼0.5 eV, in close agreement with previous theoretical predictions. This material is found to be stable up to 140 °C and shows minimal compositional variation even after >30 days storage in humid air. We demonstrate simple proof-of-concept broad spectrum photodetectors with responsivities above 0.1 AW-1 across both the visible and short-wave infrared wavelengths. This corresponds to a specific detectivity of ∼109 cm Hz1/2 W-1 at λ = 1.4 μm at room temperature. These devices show a linear photoresponse vs illumination intensity relationship over ∼4 orders of magnitude, and fast rise/fall times of ∼50 ns, also verified by a 3 dB roll-off frequency of 5.9 MHz. As the first demonstration of photodetection using ZrGeTe4, these characteristics measured on a simple proof-of-concept device show the exciting potential of the ZrGeTe4 for room temperature IR optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Brett C Johnson
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | | | - Jasper Cadusch
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Di Yan
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jesús Ibarra Michel
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Shifan Wang
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Tian Zheng
- Materials Characterisation and Fabrication Platform (MCFP), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Kenneth Crozier
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- School of Physics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems (TMOS), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - James Bullock
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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15
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Chen D, Zhu J, Pu Z, Mu S. Anion Modulation of Pt-Group Metals and Electrocatalysis Applications. Chemistry 2021; 27:12257-12271. [PMID: 34129268 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pt-group metal (PGM) electrocatalysts with unique electronic structures and irreplaceable comprehensive properties play crucial roles in electrocatalysis. Anion engineering can create a series of PGM compounds (such as RuP2 , IrP2 , PtP2 , RuB2 , Ru2 B3 , RuS2 , etc.) that provide a promising prospect for improving the electrocatalytic performance and use of Pt-group noble metals. This review seeks the electrochemical activity origin of anion-modulated PGM compounds, and systematically analyzes and summarizes their synthetic strategies and energy-relevant applications in electrocatalysis. Orientation towards the sustainable development of nonfossil resources has stimulated a blossoming interest in the design of advanced electrocatalysts for clean energy conversion. The anion-modulated strategy for Pt-group metals (PGMs) by means of anion engineering possesses high flexibility to regulate the electronic structure, providing a promising prospect for constructing electrocatalysts with superior activity and stability to satisfy a future green electrochemical energy conversion system. Based on the previous work of our group and others, this review summarizes the up-to-date progress on anion-modulated PGM compounds (such as RuP2 , IrP2 , PtP2 , RuB2 , Ru2 B3 , RuS2 , etc.) in energy-related electrocatalysis from the origin of their activity and synthetic strategies to electrochemical applications including hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), N2 reduction reaction (NRR), and CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR). At the end, the key problems, countermeasures and future development orientations of anion-modulated PGM compounds toward electrocatalytic applications are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.,Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of Advanced Energy Science and Technology, Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Zonghua Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Shichun Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.,Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of Advanced Energy Science and Technology, Guangdong Laboratory, Xianhu Hydrogen Valley, Foshan, 528200, P. R. China
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16
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Hrdá J, Tašková V, Vojteková T, Slušná LP, Dobročka E, Píš I, Bondino F, Hulman M, Sojková M. Tuning the charge carrier mobility in few-layer PtSe 2 films by Se : Pt ratio. RSC Adv 2021; 11:27292-27297. [PMID: 35480646 PMCID: PMC9037610 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04507e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, few-layer PtSe2 films have attracted significant attention due to their properties and promising applications in high-speed electronics, spintronics and optoelectronics. Until now, the transport properties of this material have not reached the theoretically predicted values, especially with regard to carrier mobility. In addition, it is not yet known which growth parameters (if any) can experimentally affect the carrier mobility value. This work presents the fabrication of horizontally aligned PtSe2 films using one-zone selenization of pre-deposited platinum layers. We have identified the Se : Pt ratio as a parameter controlling the charge carrier mobility in the thin films. The mobility increases more than twice as the ratio changes in a narrow interval around a value of 2. A simultaneous reduction of the carrier concentration suggests that ionized impurity scattering is responsible for the observed mobility behaviour. This significant finding may help to better understand the transport properties of few-layer PtSe2 films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Hrdá
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, SAS Dúbravská cesta 9 841 04 Bratislava Slovakia
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology Ilkovičova 3 812 09 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Valéria Tašková
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, SAS Dúbravská cesta 9 841 04 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Tatiana Vojteková
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, SAS Dúbravská cesta 9 841 04 Bratislava Slovakia
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava Mlynská dolina F2 842 48, Bratislava Slovak Republic
| | | | - Edmund Dobročka
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, SAS Dúbravská cesta 9 841 04 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Igor Píš
- IOM-CNR, Laboratorio TASC S.S. 14 km 163.5 34149 Basovizza Trieste Italy
| | - Federica Bondino
- IOM-CNR, Laboratorio TASC S.S. 14 km 163.5 34149 Basovizza Trieste Italy
| | - Martin Hulman
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, SAS Dúbravská cesta 9 841 04 Bratislava Slovakia
| | - Michaela Sojková
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, SAS Dúbravská cesta 9 841 04 Bratislava Slovakia
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17
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Ahmad W, Gong Y, Abbas G, Khan K, Khan M, Ali G, Shuja A, Tareen AK, Khan Q, Li D. Evolution of low-dimensional material-based field-effect transistors. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:5162-5186. [PMID: 33666628 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr07548e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Field-effect transistors (FETs) have tremendous applications in the electronics industry due to their outstanding features such as small size, easy fabrication, compatibility with integrated electronics, high sensitivity, rapid detection and easy measuring procedures. However, to meet the increasing demand of the electronics industry, efficient FETs with controlled short channel effects, enhanced surface stability, reduced size, and superior performances based on low-dimensional materials are desirable. In this review, we present the developmental roadmap of FETs from conventional to miniaturized devices and highlight their prospective applications in the field of optoelectronic devices. Initially, a detailed study of the general importance of bulk and low-dimensional materials is presented. Then, recent advances in low-dimensional material heterostructures, classification of FETs, and the applications of low-dimensional materials in field-effect transistors and photodetectors are presented in detail. In addition, we also describe current issues in low-dimensional material-based FETs and propose potential approaches to address these issues, which are crucial for developing electronic and optoelectronic devices. This review will provide guidelines for low-dimensional material-based FETs with high performance and advanced applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Ahmad
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Youning Gong
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Karim Khan
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Maaz Khan
- Nanomaterials Research Group, Physics Division, PINSTECH, Nilore 45650, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ghafar Ali
- Nanomaterials Research Group, Physics Division, PINSTECH, Nilore 45650, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed Shuja
- Centre for Advanced Electronics & Photovoltaic Engineering, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Khan Tareen
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Qasim Khan
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
| | - Delong Li
- Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China.
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