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Anukunwithaya P, Liu N, Liu S, Thanayupong E, Zhou L, Pimpha N, Min J, Chinsirikul W, Thitsartarn W, Koh JJ, He C. Low vaporization enthalpy of modified chitosan hydrogel for high performance solar evaporator. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 340:122304. [PMID: 38858008 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
The high vaporization enthalpy of water attributed to the strong hydrogen bonds between water molecules is limiting the performance of solar evaporators. This work demonstrates a deliberate attempt to significantly reduce the vaporization enthalpy of water through the introduction of weak water-amine hydrogen bond interactions in hydrogel evaporators. In this article, bio-based chitosan-agarose/multiwalled carbon nanotube hydrogel film evaporators (CAMFEs) exhibit larger vaporization enthalpy reduction with the presence of primary amine groups in chitosan. An interplay between vaporization enthalpy reduction and water diffusivity leads to an optimal ratio of chitosan to agarose = 7:1 (CAMFE7) showing an impressive evaporation rate of 4.13 kg m-2 h-1 under 1 sun irradiation. CAMFE7 also exhibits excellent salt resistance, with a stable water evaporation rate, using brine water of up to 10 % salinity under continuous 1 sun irradiation. The high mechanical robustness together with its scalability makes CAMFE7 a highly promising material for practical drinking water production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patsaya Anukunwithaya
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Republic of Singapore; National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Nanxue Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Republic of Singapore
| | - Siqi Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Republic of Singapore
| | - Eknarin Thanayupong
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Lili Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Republic of Singapore
| | - Nuttaporn Pimpha
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Jiakang Min
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
| | - Wannee Chinsirikul
- National Nanotechnology Center, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand
| | - Warintorn Thitsartarn
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - J Justin Koh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore.
| | - Chaobin He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, Singapore 117575, Republic of Singapore; Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore.
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2
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Poredoš P, Gao J, Shan H, Yu J, Shao Z, Xu Z, Wang R. Ultra-high freshwater production in multistage solar membrane distillation via waste heat injection to condenser. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7890. [PMID: 39256361 PMCID: PMC11387653 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51880-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Passive solar membrane distillation (MD) is an emerging technology to alleviate water scarcity. Recently, its performance has been enhanced by multistage design, though the gains are marginal due to constrained temperature and vapor pressure gradients across the device. This makes condenser cooling enhancement a questionable choice. We argue that condenser heating could suppress the marginal effect of multistage solar MD by unlocking the moisture transport limit in all distillation stages. Here, we propose a stage temperature boosting (STB) concept that directs low-temperature heat to the condensers in the last stages, enhancing moisture transport across all stages. Through STB in the last two stages with a heat flux of 250 W m-2, a stage-averaged distillation flux of 1.13 L m-2 h-1 S-1 was demonstrated using an 8-stage MD device under one-sun illumination. This represents an 88% enhancement over the state-of-the-art 10-stage solar MD devices. More notably, our analysis indicates that 16-stage STB-MD devices driven by solar energy and waste heat can effectively compete with existing photovoltaic reverse osmosis (PV-RO) systems, potentially elevating freshwater production with low-temperature heat sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Primož Poredoš
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Solar Power & Refrigeration, MOE China, 200240, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory for Sustainable Technologies in Buildings, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jintong Gao
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Solar Power & Refrigeration, MOE China, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - He Shan
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Solar Power & Refrigeration, MOE China, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Solar Power & Refrigeration, MOE China, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Shao
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China
- Engineering Research Center of Solar Power & Refrigeration, MOE China, 200240, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyuan Xu
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Solar Power & Refrigeration, MOE China, 200240, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ruzhu Wang
- Institute of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, Shanghai, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Solar Power & Refrigeration, MOE China, 200240, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Mao Z, Wang Q, Yu Z, Osman A, Yao Y, Su Y, Yang H, Lu J. High Performance Solar-Driven Power-Water Cogeneration for Practical Application: From Micro/Nano Materials to Beyond. ACS NANO 2024; 18:22648-22663. [PMID: 39143807 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c06339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Solar-driven water-electricity cogeneration is a promising strategy for tackling water scarcity and power shortages. However, comprehensive reviews on performance, scalability, commercialization, and power density are lacking. This Perspective presents an overview of recent developments and insights into the challenges and future outlooks for practical applications in this area. We summarize recent advances in high-efficiency water production, focusing on rapid evaporation and condensation. Then we categorize power-water cogeneration systems by power generation mechanisms like steam, evaporation, salinity gradient, photovoltaics, and temperature gradient, providing a comprehensive summary of the performance and applicability of these systems in different scenarios. Finally, we highlight challenges in current systems, considering nanoscale mechanisms and large-scale manufacturing, while also exploring potential trends for future practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyi Mao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiliang Wang
- Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
- Renewable Energy Research Group (RERG), Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Amr Osman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Yao Yao
- Renewable Energy Research Group (RERG), Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuehong Su
- Department of Architecture and Built Environment, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Hongxing Yang
- Renewable Energy Research Group (RERG), Department of Building Environment and Energy Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Lu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
- CityU-Shenzhen Futian Research Institute, Shenzhen 518045, People's Republic of China
- Centre for Advanced Structural Materials, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Greater Bay Joint Division, Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
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4
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Yu Z, Li Y, Zhang Y, Xu P, Lv C, Li W, Maryam B, Liu X, Tan SC. Microplastic detection and remediation through efficient interfacial solar evaporation for immaculate water production. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6081. [PMID: 39030178 PMCID: PMC11271572 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50421-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Freshwater scarcity and microplastics (MPs) pollution are two concerning and intertwined global challenges. In this work, we propose a "one stone kills two birds" strategy by employing an interfacial solar evaporation platform (ISEP) combined with a MPs adsorbent. This strategy aims to produce clean water and simultaneously enhance MPs removal. Unlike traditional predecessors, our ISEP generates condensed water free from MPs contamination. Additionally, the photothermally driven interfacial separation process significantly improves the MPs removal performance. We observed a removal ratio increase of up to 5.5 times compared to previously reported MPs adsorbents. Thus, our rationally-designed ISEP holds promising potential to not only mitigate the existing water scarcity issue but also remediate MPs pollution in natural water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Yaoxin Zhang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Ping Xu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Chade Lv
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Wulong Li
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Bushra Maryam
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China
| | - Xianhua Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P. R. China.
| | - Swee Ching Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
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5
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Zhang D, Zhang S, Liang Q, Guan M, Zhang T, Chen S, Wang H. A Tent-Inspired Portable Solar-Driven Water Purification Device for Wilderness Explorers. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311731. [PMID: 38321844 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Wilderness adventure favored by many enthusiasts often endanger lives due to lacking freshwater or drinking contaminated water. Therefore, compared to the inefficient methods of filtration, steaming, and direct solar heating, it is of great meaningfulness to develop a solar-driven water purification device with efficiency, lightweight, portability, and multi-water-quality purification by taking full advantage of solar-driven interfacial evaporation. Here, a tent-inspired portable solar-driven water purification device consisting of Janus-structured bacterial cellulose aerogel (JBCA) solar evaporator and tent-type condensation recovery device is reported. For the JBCA solar evaporator, it is prepared from biomass bacterial cellulose (BC) as raw material and hydroxylated carbon nanotubes (HCNT) as photothermal material, and the Janus property is achieved by the assistance of hydrophobic and hydrophilic chemical cross-linking. It exhibits lightweight, unibody, high photothermal conversion, efficient evaporation, and multi-water-quality purification capability for representative seawater, urine, and bacterial river water. For the tent-type condensation recovery device, it is based on the prototype of tent and uses flexible ultra-transparent polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film as raw material. Thanks to the rational prototype and material selection, it displays outstanding portability and lightweight through the folding/unfolding method. Therefore, the designed tent-inspired portable solar-driven water purification device demonstrates great potential application in wilderness exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Shengming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Mengyao Guan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Huaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
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6
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Pang Y, Ma C, Song L, Jin L, Zhu K, Wu Y, Li L, Chen F, Peng Y, Zheng X, Wu S, Shen Z, Chen H. Constructing Thermal Convection Film for Low Heat Loss and High Salt Resistance in Wood-Based Solar Evaporators. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2403141. [PMID: 38874056 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202403141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Unique suspension solar evaporator is one of the effective measures to address the major bottleneck of the emerging interfacial evaporators, i.e., the accumulation of salts on the surface. Yet, it remains a considerable challenge to avoid substantial heat loss underwater. Herein, a suspension wood-based evaporator is proposed with a thermal convection structure that effectively balances the contradiction between salt-resistance ability and heat loss. Benefitting from the heat centralization due to thermal convection, such suspension evaporator exhibits an excellent steam generation rate, which increases from 1.23 to 1.63 kg m-2 h-1 compared to the conventional suspension evaporator. Simultaneously, the steam generation rate retention improves from 64.9% over 20 test cycles to nearly 100% compared to the interfacial evaporator. This work provides an effective pathway for exploring efficient and stable suspension evaporators, offering essential directions for the future development and application of solar-driven evaporation technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Pang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, P. R. China
| | - Chaoliang Ma
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, P. R. China
| | - Lvfu Song
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, P. R. China
| | - Lizheng Jin
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, P. R. China
| | - Kangxin Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, P. R. China
| | - Yitian Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, P. R. China
| | - Lanze Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, P. R. China
| | - Furong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, P. R. China
| | - Yunyan Peng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, P. R. China
| | - Xin Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, P. R. China
| | - Sai Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, P. R. China
| | - Zhehong Shen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, National Engineering and Technology Research Center of Wood-based Resources Comprehensive Utilization, Key Laboratory of Wood Science and Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, P. R. China
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7
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Yuan H, Zhang Y, Huang X, Zhang X, Li J, Huang Y, Li K, Weng H, Xu Y, Zhang Y. Exploration of the Existence Forms and Patterns of Dissolved Oxygen Molecules in Water. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:208. [PMID: 38833205 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01427-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The structure of liquid water is primarily composed of three-dimensional networks of water clusters formed by hydrogen bonds, and dissolved oxygen is one of the most important indicators for assessing water quality. In this work, distilled water with different concentration of dissolved oxygen were prepared, and a clear negative correlation between the size of water clusters and dissolved oxygen concentration was observed. Besides, a phenomenon of rapid absorption and release of oxygen at the water interfaces was unveiled, suggesting that oxygen molecules predominantly exist at the interfaces of water clusters. Oxygen molecules can move rapidly through the interfaces among water clusters, allowing dissolved oxygen to quickly reach a saturation level at certain partial pressure of oxygen and temperature. Further exploration into the mechanism by molecular dynamics simulations of oxygen and water clusters found that oxygen molecules can only exist stably at the interfaces among water clusters. A semi-empirical formula relating the average number of water molecules in a cluster (n) to 17O NMR half-peak width (W) was summarized: n = 0.1 W + 0.85. These findings provide a foundation for exploring the structure and properties of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewei Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaozhong Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaolu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiwu Zhang
- Jinduo Yuchen Water Environment Engineering Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201702, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Li
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Huang
- Jinduo Yuchen Water Environment Engineering Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201702, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Li
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Haotian Weng
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yafei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Li W, Zhang Y, Guo S, Yu Z, Kang J, Li Z, Wei L, Tan SC. Multifunctional Sandwich-Structured Super-Hygroscopic Zinc-Based MOF-Overlayed Cooling Wearables for Special Personal Thermal Management. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2311272. [PMID: 38366302 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202311272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Personal protective equipment pays attention exclusively to external safety protection and ignores the internal thermoregulation of physiological state in association with sweating. Herein, a super-hygroscopic calcium-doped poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) and superhydrophobic metal-organic-framework-overlayed wearables (Ca-PSS/MOF) integrated cooling wearable is proposed for special personal thermal management (PTM). Compared to the pristine fabric, the superhydrophobic MOF wearables exhibit anti-fouling and antibacterial capabilities, and the antibacterial efficiency is up to 99.99% and 98.99% against E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. More importantly, Ca-PSS/MOF demonstrate significant heat index changes up to 25.5 °C by reducing relative humidity dramatically from 91.0% to 60.0% and temperature from 36.5 to 31.6 °C during the running test. The practical feasibility of the Ca-PSS/MOF cooling wearables is well proved with the protective suit of the fireman. Owing to these multifunctional merits, the sandwich-structured cooling Ca-PSS/MOF are expected to provide new insights for designing the next-generation multifunctional apparel for PTM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wulong Li
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, P. R. China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117574
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798
| | - Yaoxin Zhang
- China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 201306, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117574
| | - Zhen Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy, Department of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jialiang Kang
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, P. R. China
| | - Zhanxiong Li
- College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215021, P. R. China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China
| | - Lei Wei
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798
| | - Swee Ching Tan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117574
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9
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Lu X, Yan K, Yu Z, Wang J, Liu R, Zhang R, Qiao Y, Xiong J. Transition metal phosphides: synthesis nanoarchitectonics, catalytic properties, and biomass conversion applications. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202301687. [PMID: 38221143 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202301687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Developing inexpensive and efficient catalysts for biomass hydrogenation or hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is essential for efficient energy conversion. Transition metal phosphides (TMPs), with the merits of abundant active sites, unique physicochemical properties, tunable component structures, and excellent catalytic activities, are recognized as promising biomass hydrogenation or HDO catalytic materials. Nevertheless, the biomass hydrogenation or HDO catalytic applications of TMPs are still limited by various complexities and inherent performance bottlenecks, and thus their future development and utilization remain to be systematically sorted out and further explored. This review summarizes the current popular strategies for the preparation of TMPs. Subsequently, based on the structural and electronic properties of TMPs, the catalytic activity origins of TMPs in biomass hydrogenation or HDO is elucidated. Additionally, the application of TMPs in efficient biomass hydrogenation or HDO catalysis, as well as highly targeted multiscale strategies to enhance the catalytic performance of TMPs, are comprehensively described. Finally, large-scale amplification synthesis, rational construction of TMP-based catalysts and in-depth study of the catalytic mechanism are also mentioned as challenges and future directions in this research field. Expectedly, this review can provide professional and targeted guidance for the rational design and practical application of TMPs biomass hydrogenation or HDO catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebin Lu
- School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, P.R. China
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P.R. China
| | - Kai Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P.R. China
| | - Zhihao Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P.R. China
| | - Jingfei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P.R. China
| | - Runyu Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, 300384, P.R. China
| | - Yina Qiao
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, 030051, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xiong
- School of Ecology and Environment, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, P.R. China
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10
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Wei D, Wang C, Shi G, Zhang J, Wang F, Tan P, Zhao Z, Xie Y. Enabling Self-Adaptive Water-Energy-Balance of Photothermal Water Diode Evaporator: Dynamically Maximizing Energy Utilization Under the Ever-Changing Sunlight. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309507. [PMID: 38273713 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Maintaining a match between input solar energy and required energy by water supply management is key to achieving efficient interfacial solar-driven evaporation (ISDE). In practice, the solar radiation flux is constantly changing throughout the day, so keeping a dynamic water-energy-balance of ISDE is a big challenge. Herein, a photothermal water diode (WD) evaporator concept is proposed by an integrated hydrophilic/hydrophobic Janus absorber to overcome the issue. Due to the unique unidirectional water transport properties induced by asymmetric wettability, a self-adaptive balance between photothermal energy input and water uptake is established, thus realizing the energy matching and utilization maximization. The experimental and simulation results exhibit that with the increase of sunlight intensity, the water supply speed is significantly accelerated due to the dynamic management and self-regulation on water replenishment. Therefore, an excellent evaporation rate of up to 2.14 kg m-2 h-1 with a high efficiency of 93.7% under 1 sun illumination is achieved. This water diode engineering with Janus wettability provides a novel strategy and extends the path for designing solar evaporation systems with diverse water supply properties, which shows great potential in different environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Chengbing Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Guoliang Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Puxin Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Zexiang Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Yunong Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
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