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Huang R, Liu T, Peng H, Liu J, Liu X, Ding L, Fang Y. Molecular design and architectonics towards film-based fluorescent sensing. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:6960-6991. [PMID: 38836431 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00347k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed encouraging progress in the development of high-performance film-based fluorescent sensors (FFSs) for detecting explosives, illicit drugs, chemical warfare agents (CWAs), and hazardous volatile organic chemicals (VOCs), among others. Several FFSs have transitioned from laboratory research to real-world applications, demonstrating their practical relevance. At the heart of FFS technology lies the sensing films, which play a crucial role in determining the analytes and the resulting signals. The selection of sensing fluorophores and the fabrication strategies employed in film construction are key factors that influence the fluorescence properties, active-layer structures, and overall sensing behaviors of these films. This review examines the progress and innovations in the research field of FFSs over the past two decades, focusing on advancements in fluorophore design and active-layer structural engineering. It underscores popular sensing fluorophore scaffolds and the dynamics of excited state processes. Additionally, it delves into six distinct categories of film fabrication technologies and strategies, providing insights into their advantages and limitations. This review further addresses important considerations such as photostability and substrate effects. Concluding with an overview of the field's challenges and prospects, it sheds light on the potential for further development in this burgeoning area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, West Chang'an Street, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China.
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
| | - Taihong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, West Chang'an Street, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China.
| | - Haonan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, West Chang'an Street, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, West Chang'an Street, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Fluorescence Research Group, Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, Singapore 487372, Singapore.
| | - Liping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, West Chang'an Street, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, West Chang'an Street, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China.
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2
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Ma ZZ, Wang Z, Li QH, Wang YY, Gu ZG, Zhang J. Electro-Induced Phase Transformation of a Conductive Metal-Organic Framework Film for Nonlinear Optical Switching. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4186-4193. [PMID: 38545933 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Achieving metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with nonlinear optical (NLO) switching is profoundly important. Herein, the conductive MOFs Cu-TCNQ phase I (Ph-I) and phase II (Ph-II) films were prepared using the liquid-phase-epitaxial layer-by-layer spin-coating method and steam heating method, respectively. Electronic experiments showed that the Ph-II film could be changed into the Ph-I film under an applied electric field. The third-order NLO results revealed that the Ph-I film had a third-order nonlinear reverse saturation absorption (RSA) response and the Ph-II film displayed a third-order nonlinear saturation absorption (SA) response. With increases in the heating time and applied voltage, the third-order NLO response realized the reversible transition between SA and RSA. The theoretical calculations indicated that Ph-I possessed more interlayer charge transfer, resulting in a third-order nonlinear RSA response that was stronger than that of Ph-II. This work applies phase-transformed MOFs to third-order NLO switching and provides new insights into the nonlinear photoelectric applications of MOFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Zhou Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zirui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
| | - Qiao-Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan-Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- Fujian Science & Technology Innovation Laboratory for Optoelectronic Information of China, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, P. R. China
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3
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Wang SQ, Bon V, Darwish S, Wang SM, Yang QY, Xu Z, Kaskel S, Zaworotko MJ. Insight into the Gas-Induced Phase Transformations in a 2D Switching Coordination Network via Coincident Gas Sorption and In Situ PXRD. ACS MATERIALS LETTERS 2024; 6:666-673. [PMID: 38333599 PMCID: PMC10848331 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialslett.3c01520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Switching coordination networks (CNs) that reversibly transform between narrow or closed pore (cp) and large pore (lp) phases, though fewer than their rigid counterparts, offer opportunities for sorption-related applications. However, their structural transformations and switching mechanisms remain underexplored at the molecular level. In this study, we conducted a systematic investigation into a 2D switching CN, [Ni(bpy)2(NCS)2]n, sql-1-Ni-NCS (1 = bpy = 4,4'-bipyridine), using coincident gas sorption and in situ powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) under low-temperature conditions. Gas adsorption measurements revealed that C2H4 (169 K) and C2H6 (185 K) exhibited single-step type F-IVs sorption isotherms with sorption uptakes of around 180-185 cm3 g-1, equivalent to four sorbate molecules per formula unit. Furthermore, parallel in situ PXRD experiments provided insight into sorbate-dependent phase switching during the sorption process. Specifically, CO2 sorption induced single-step phase switching (path I) solely between cp and lp phases consistent with the observed single-step type F-IVs sorption isotherm. By contrast, intermediate pore (ip) phases emerged during C2H4 and C2H6 desorption as well as C3H6 adsorption, although they remained undetectable in the sorption isotherms. To our knowledge, such a cp-lp-ip-cp transformation (path II) induced by C2H4/6 and accompanied by single-step type F-IVs sorption isotherms represents a novel type of phase transition mechanism in switching CNs. By virtue of Rietveld refinements and molecular simulations, we elucidated that the phase transformations are governed by cooperative local and global structural changes involving NCS- ligand reorientation, bpy ligand twist and rotation, cavity edge (Ni-bpy-Ni) deformation, and interlayer expansion and sliding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qiang Wang
- Institute
of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Volodymyr Bon
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Technische Universität
Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Shaza Darwish
- Bernal
Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Shao-Min Wang
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Qing-Yuan Yang
- School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Zhengtao Xu
- Institute
of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Republic of Singapore
| | - Stefan Kaskel
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Technische Universität
Dresden, Bergstrasse 66, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Michael J. Zaworotko
- Bernal
Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland
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Mogale R, Akpomie KG, Conradie J, Langner EHG. Dye adsorption of aluminium- and zirconium-based metal organic frameworks with azobenzene dicarboxylate linkers. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 304:114166. [PMID: 34864408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The high efficiency of metal-organic-frameworks (MOFs) such as the ZIF, MIL and UiO type species in dye adsorption is well established. Recently, an emerging class of photoresponsive azobenzene-based MOFs has found suitable application in gas adsorption. However, there is a dearth of research on their use in the adsorption of dyes and other water pollutants. In this research, two microporous photoresponsive azobenzene dicarboxylate MOFs of Al3+ (Al-AZB) and Zr4+ (Zr-AZB) were synthesized for the adsorption of congo red (CR) dye. The surface and textural properties of the synthesized MOFs were characterized by FTIR, PXRD, SEM, TGA, BET and pore analysis. Both MOFs were crystalline, thermally stable up to 300 °C and stable in aqueous medium at room temperature. The Al-AZB displayed a higher surface area (2718 m2/g) than the Zr-AZB (1098 m2/g), which significantly impacted the higher adsorption of CR. Besides, pore volumes of 0.86 cm3/g and 0.35 cm3/g were obtained for Al-AZB and Zr-AZB, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of Al-AZB and Zr-AZB was 456.6 mg/g and 128.9 mg/g, respectively, with the former superior to other potent adsorbents. The pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models were well correlated with the dye uptake on the MOFs. Thermodynamics revealed random and endothermic sorption of CR dominated by chemisorption, while efficient regeneration and reuse of both MOFs were achieved using dimethylformamide as eluent. The results proved the potency of the synthesized photoresponsive MOFs, as highly efficient and reusable materials for dye adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Refilwe Mogale
- Chemistry Department, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.
| | - Kovo G Akpomie
- Chemistry Department, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa; Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Jeanet Conradie
- Chemistry Department, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Ernst H G Langner
- Chemistry Department, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.
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5
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Ghorbani-Choghamarani A, Taherinia Z. Recent advances utilized in artificial switchable catalysis. RSC Adv 2022; 12:23595-23617. [PMID: 36090388 PMCID: PMC9389550 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03842k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing “green” catalytic systems with desirable performance such as solubility, recyclability, and switchability is a great challenge. However, inspired by nature, the studies on synthesis and activity of artificial switchable metal catalysts and organocatalysts have become an intense, fervid, and challenging field of research. The peculiarity of these catalysts is that they can be generally triggered in the “on” or “off” states by several external stimuli such as light, heat, solvents, pH change, coordination events or ion influxes, redox processes, mechanical forces, or other changes in reaction conditions. A large number of review articles are available in these areas. However, most efforts are currently focused on the invention of new types of switchable catalysts with different forms of stimuli–response units incorporated within their architectures in order to achieve control over the catalytic activity and regio-, chemo- and stereocontrol of various chemical reactions. Thus, in this review, we begin with a brief introduction to switchable catalysts, followed by discussion of types of stimuli and the influence factors on their activities in the field of biomedical engineering, and catalysis as well as related catalytic mechanisms summarized and discussed. The emphasis is on the recent advances utilized in artificial switchable catalysis. Catalytic systems based on the use of stimuli–responsive materials can be switched from an “on” active state to an “off” inactive state. Consequently, switchable catalysis, both chemical and biological, has played a pivotal role in this ‘greening’ of the pharmaceutical industry.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Taherinia
- Department of Chemistry, Ilam University, P. O. Box 69315516, Ilam, Iran
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Ni J, Zheng W, Qi WJ, Guo ZC, Liu SQ, Zhang JJ. Synthesis, structure and luminescent switching properties of cycloplatinated(II) complexes bearing phenyl β-diketone ligands. J Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2021.122048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Wang SQ, Mukherjee S, Zaworotko MJ. Spiers Memorial Lecture: Coordination networks that switch between nonporous and porous structures: an emerging class of soft porous crystals. Faraday Discuss 2021; 231:9-50. [PMID: 34318839 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00037c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Coordination networks (CNs) are a class of (usually) crystalline solids typically comprised of metal ions or cluster nodes linked into 2 or 3 dimensions by organic and/or inorganic linker ligands. Whereas CNs tend to exhibit rigid structures and permanent porosity as exemplified by most metal-organic frameworks, MOFs, there exists a small but growing class of CNs that can undergo extreme, reversible structural transformation(s) when exposed to gases, vapours or liquids. These "soft" or "stimuli-responsive" CNs were introduced two decades ago and are attracting increasing attention thanks to two features: the amenability of CNs to design from first principles, thereby enabling crystal engineering of families of related CNs; and the potential utility of soft CNs for adsorptive storage and separation. A small but growing subset of soft CNs exhibit reversible phase transformations between nonporous (closed) and porous (open) structures. These "switching CNs" are distinguished by stepped sorption isotherms coincident with phase transformation and, perhaps counterintuitively, they can exhibit benchmark properties with respect to working capacity (storage) and selectivity (separation). This review addresses fundamental and applied aspects of switching CNs through surveying their sorption properties, analysing the structural transformations that enable switching, discussing structure-function relationships and presenting design principles for crystal engineering of the next generation of switching CNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qiang Wang
- Bernal Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Republic of Ireland.
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Bernal Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Republic of Ireland. .,Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Michael J Zaworotko
- Bernal Institute, Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Republic of Ireland.
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8
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Applications of reticular diversity in metal–organic frameworks: An ever-evolving state of the art. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Guo X, Liu L, Xiao Y, Mehmood R, Xiao Y, Qi Y, Zhang F. Water-Stable Cobalt-Based MOF for Water Oxidation in Neutral Aqueous Solution: A Case of Mimicking the Photosystem II. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:1790-1796. [PMID: 33471516 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Inspired by the highly efficient water oxidation of Mn4CaO5 in natural photosynthesis, development of novel artificial water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) with structure and function mimicked has inspired extensive interests. A novel 3D cobalt-based MOF (GXY-L8-Co) was synthesized for promising artificial water oxidation by employing the Co4O4 quasi-cubane motifs with a similar structure as the Mn4CaO5 as the core. The GXY-L8-Co not only shows good chemical stability in common organic solvents or water for up to 10 days but also exhibits oxygen evolution performance. It has been demonstrated that the uniform distribution of Co4O4 catalytic active sites confined in the MOF framework should be responsible for the good robustness and catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Lifang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Rashid Mehmood
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yejun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Fuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, the Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
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Zhu J, Yu Y, Fan H, Cai H, Chen Z, Weng L, Ling Y, Zhou Y. Precise regulating synergistic effect in metal–organic framework for stepwise-controlled adsorption. Inorg Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01216e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
MAC-20 shows a unique two-step pore-shape change and executes a stepwise-controlled adsorption of dyes mixture in order of their sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yi Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Hongchuan Fan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Huaqiang Cai
- Institute of Chemical Materials
- China Academy of Engineering Physics
- Mianyang
- China
| | - Zhenxia Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Linhong Weng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yun Ling
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yaming Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials
- Department of Chemistry
- Fudan University
- Shanghai
- China
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11
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Meng XQ, Liu XT, Li N, Zhao J, Chang Z, Zheng JY, Bu XH. Structural Transformation and Spatial Defect Formation of a Co(II) MOF Triggered by Varied Metal-Center Coordination Configuration. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:9005-9013. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xiao-Ting Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Na Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ze Chang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jin-Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Catalytic Materials and Reaction Engineering, SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xian-He Bu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute for Advanced Materials, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metal and Molecule-Based Material Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, China
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