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Ren X, Xie Z, Li X, Wu D, Wang H, Li Y, Wang X, Zhao J, Wei Q. A sensitive immunosensor via Pd@Au 0.85Pd 0.15 in situ electrocatalysis generating H 2O 2 for quenching electrochemiluminescence of Ir(pbi) 2(acac)@Ti 3C 2T x MXene-PVA. Talanta 2024; 275:126125. [PMID: 38663066 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The establishment of rapid target analysis methods for cytokeratin fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA 21-1) is urgently needed. [Ir(pbi)2(acac)] (pbi = 2-(4-bromophenyl)-1-hydrogen -benzimidazole, acac = acetylacetonate) as traditional electrochemiluminescence (ECL) luminophores has been confined due to its non-negligible dark toxicity and poor water solubility leading to poor biocompatibility and electrical conductivity as an organic molecule. Hence, to overcome this limitation, [Ir(pbi)2(acac)] can be effectively loaded on the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel modified Ti3C2Tx MXene surface (Ir@Ti3C2Tx-PVA) as sensing platform which can emit high ECL signals. Then, a quenching strategy was proposed to fabricate an ECL sandwich immunosensor using H2O2 as quencher molecules which can generated by Pd@Au0.85Pd0.15. Especially, the generation of O2 to H2O2 can be achieved through a two-electron (2e-) reaction pathway by Pd@Au0.85Pd0.15, to overcome the restriction that the H2O2 was virtually impossible to label or immobilize on the non-enzyme nanomaterials. The proposed ECL assay achieves a response to CYFRA 21-1 within the range of 0.1 pg/mL-100 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 8.9 fg/mL (S/N = 3). This work provided a feasible tactic to seek superior-performance ECL luminophore and quencher consequently set up a novel means to makeup ultrasensitive ECL biosensor, which extended the utilization potential of Ir(pbi)2(acac) in ECL assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Zuoxun Xie
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Xiaojian Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, 252000, PR China.
| | - Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Huan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Yuyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Xueying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Jinxiu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China; School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China.
| | - Qin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China; Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Sansee A, Kostka L, Marcalíková A, Kudláčová J, Sedlák F, Kotrchová L, Šácha P, Etrych T, Kielar F. Iridium-based Polymeric Multifunctional Imaging Tools for Biochemistry. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300647. [PMID: 38217401 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the development of a macromolecular multifunctional imaging tool for biological investigations, which is comprised of an N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide backbone, iridium-based luminescent probe, glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) targeting ligand, and biotin affinity tag. The iridium luminophore is a tris-cyclometalated complex based on [Ir(ppy)3] with one of its 2-phenylpyridine ligands functionalized to allow conjugation. Synthesized macromolecular probes differed in the structure of the polymer and content of the iridium complex. The applicability of the developed imaging tools has been tested in flow cytometry (FACS) based assay, laser confocal microscopy, and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). The FACS analysis has shown that the targeted iBodies containing the iridium luminophore exhibit selective labelling of GCPII expressing cells. This observation was also confirmed in the imaging experiments with laser confocal microscopy. The FLIM experiment has shown that the iBodies with the iridium label exhibit a lifetime greater than 100 ns, which distinguishes them from typically used systems labelled with organic fluorophores exhibiting short fluorescence lifetimes. The results of this investigation indicate that the system exhibits interesting properties, which supports the development of additional biological tools utilizing the key components (iridium complexes, iBody concept), primarily focusing on the longer lifetime of the iridium emitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuson Sansee
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
| | - Libor Kostka
- Department of Biomedicinal Polymers, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adéla Marcalíková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám 542/2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Júlia Kudláčová
- Department of Biomedicinal Polymers, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - František Sedlák
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám 542/2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Biochemistry and Experimental Oncology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Kateřinská 32, 121 08, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Kotrchová
- Department of Biomedicinal Polymers, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Šácha
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám 542/2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Etrych
- Department of Biomedicinal Polymers, Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského nám 2, 160 00, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Filip Kielar
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence in Biomaterials, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand
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Zhu R, Dai P, Yang J, Zhou J, Zhang J, Zhang KY, Li Y, Liu S, Lo KKW, Zhao Q. Dual-emissive Iridium(III) Complexes as Phosphorescent Probes with Orthogonal Responses to Analyte Binding and Oxygen Quenching. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202309178. [PMID: 37503796 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202309178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescent probes often show sensitive response toward analytes at a specific wavelength. However, oxygen quenching usually occurs at the same wavelength and thus hinders the accurate detection of analytes. In this study, we have developed dual-emissive iridium(III) complexes that exhibit phosphorescence responses to copper(II) ions at a wavelength distinct from that where oxygen quenching occurs. The complexes displayed colorimetric phosphorescence response in aqueous solutions under different copper(II) and oxygen conditions. In cellular imaging, variation in oxygen concentration over a large range from 5 % to 80 % can modulate the intensity and lifetime of green phosphorescence without affecting the response of red phosphorescence toward intracellular copper(II) ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongji Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Peiling Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Kenneth Yin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yonghua Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | | | - Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering & College of Flexible Electronics (Future Technology), Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Fabrication and Application of Special Optical Fiber Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, 210023, China
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