1
|
Vliora M, Ravelli C, Grillo E, Corsini M, Flouris AD, Mitola S. The impact of adipokines on vascular networks in adipose tissue. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 69:61-72. [PMID: 35953434 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) is a highly active and plastic endocrine organ. It secretes numerous soluble molecules known as adipokines, which act locally to AT control the remodel and homeostasis or exert pleiotropic functions in different peripheral organs. Aberrant production or loss of certain adipokines contributes to AT dysfunction associated with metabolic disorders, including obesity. The AT plasticity is strictly related to tissue vascularization. Angiogenesis supports the AT expansion, while regression of blood vessels is associated with AT hypoxia, which in turn mediates tissue inflammation, fibrosis and metabolic dysfunction. Several adipokines can regulate endothelial cell functions and are endowed with either pro- or anti-angiogenic properties. Here we address the role of adipokines in the regulation of angiogenesis. A better understanding of the link between adipokines and angiogenesis will open the way for novel therapeutic approaches to treat obesity and metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vliora
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece; Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Via Branze 39, Brescia, Italy
| | - Cosetta Ravelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Via Branze 39, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Grillo
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Via Branze 39, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michela Corsini
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Via Branze 39, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andreas D Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Stefania Mitola
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Via Branze 39, Brescia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang YQ, Zhang YW, Dai JL, Li C, Wang WQ, Zhang HF, Lau WB, Wang XM, Liu XG, Li R. Serum CTRP9 and high-molecular weight adiponectin are associated with ischemic stroke. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:429. [PMCID: PMC9664773 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-022-02967-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
C1q/TNF-related protein 9 (CTRP9) and adiponectin (APN) have beneficial metabolic regulatory and vasoprotective effects. This study explored alteration of CTRP9 and APN multimers during onset of ischemic stroke and development, to provide novel clinical and experimental basis for recognition and prevention of ischemic stroke.
Methods
There were 269 patients with ischemic stroke and 182 control subjects included in this study. Serum levels of CTRP9 and APN multimers in different disease stages were measured.
Results
Serum CTRP9, total APN (tAPN), and high-molecular weight (HMW) APN decreased gradually in stage I (acute stage, within 72 h of onset) of ischemic stroke and increased during stage III (11th day to one month) and stage IV (1 month after), compared to control. In the non-hyperlipidemia group, serum CTRP9, tAPN, and HMW were decreased in ischemic stroke patients compared to control (P < 0.05). Serum CTRP9 is closely related to serum tAPN and HMW (r = 0.992, 0.991). Serum CTRP9 are protective against ischemic stroke (OR = 0.400, 95% CI 0.197–0.810, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Lower serum CTRP9, tAPN, LMW, and HMW are significantly associated with increased ischemic stroke risk in non-hyperlipidemia subjects. CTRP9, tAPN, and HMW isoforms may be valuable clinical indicators for patients with ischemic stroke.
Collapse
|
3
|
Tuz AA, Hasenberg A, Hermann DM, Gunzer M, Singh V. Ischemic stroke and concomitant gastrointestinal complications- a fatal combination for patient recovery. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1037330. [PMID: 36439129 PMCID: PMC9686001 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1037330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is primarily a neurodegenerative disease but can also severely impact the functions of other vital organs and deteriorate disease outcomes. A malfunction of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), commonly observed in stroke patients, is often characterized by severe bowel obstruction, intestinal microbiota changes and inflammation. Over-activated immune cells after stroke are the major contributors to endorse intestinal inflammation and may induce damage to single-layer epithelial cell barriers. The post-stroke leakage of intestinal barriers may allow the translocation and dissemination of resident microflora to systemic organs and cause sepsis. This overshooting systemic immune reaction fuels ongoing inflammation in the degenerating brain and slows recovery. Currently, the therapeutic options to treat these GIT-associated anomalies are very limited and further research is required to develop novel treatments. In this mini-review, we first discuss the current knowledge from clinical studies and experimental stroke models that provide strong evidence of the existence of post-stroke GIT complications. Then, we review the literature regarding novel therapeutic approaches that might help to maintain GIT homeostasis and improve neurological outcomes in stroke patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Tuz
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anja Hasenberg
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dirk M. Hermann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS -e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Vikramjeet Singh
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Sabnis R. Novel RXFP1Modulators for Treating Heart Failure. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1213-1214. [PMID: 35978692 PMCID: PMC9377327 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ram
W. Sabnis
- Smith, Gambrell & Russell LLP,
1105 West Peachtree Street NE, Suite 1000, Atlanta, Georgia 30309,
United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
LncRNA SERPINB9P1 expression and polymorphisms are associated with ischemic stroke in a Chinese Han population. Neurol Sci 2022; 43:1143-1154. [PMID: 34273050 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05418-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) were reported to play important roles in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke (IS). Our study aimed to investigate the role of lncRNA SERPINB9P1 expression in ischemic stroke and the association between SERPINB9P1 polymorphisms and IS risk, as well as examine the correlation of SERPINB9P1 expression and variants with clinical parameters of IS. The SERPINB9P1 levels in human participants and oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD)-treated human A172 cells were measured by qRT-PCR. The SERPINB9P1 polymorphisms (rs375556 and rs318429) were genotyped by the MassARRAY platform. We found that the SERPINB9P1 expression was significantly downregulated in patients with IS compared with that in healthy controls. On the 14th day in the hospital, the SERPINB9P1 level in patients with moderate and severe stroke was significantly downregulated compared with the normal group. After stratification by gender, the rs375556 polymorphism was significantly associated with susceptibility to female IS in the recessive model, and the significant association remained after adjusting for age. After adjusting for gender and age, rs318429 was significantly associated with FPG and D-D levels, and rs375556 was significantly associated with INR and PTA levels in IS cases. Besides, the lncRNA SERPINB9P1 expressed downregulated in OGD/reoxygenation-treated human A172 cells. In conclusion, the lncRNA SERPINB9P1 may protect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and neurological impairment after IS. The SERPINB9P1 rs375556 polymorphism was associated with susceptibility to female IS, and SERPINB9P1 polymorphisms may influence the metabolism of blood glucose and regulation of coagulation function in patients with IS.
Collapse
|
6
|
Clinical impact of estradiol/testosterone ratio in patients with acute ischemic stroke. BMC Neurol 2021; 21:91. [PMID: 33632142 PMCID: PMC7908649 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-021-02116-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex hormones may be associated with a higher incidence of ischemic stroke or stroke-related events. In observational studies, lower testosterone concentrations are associated with infirmity, vascular disease, and adverse cardiovascular risk factors. Currently, female sexual hormones are considered neuroprotective agents. The purpose of this study was to assess the role of sex hormones and the ratio of estradiol/testosterone (E/T) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). METHODS Between January 2011 and December 2016, 146 male patients with AIS and 152 age- and sex-matched control subjects were included in this study. Sex hormones, including estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone, were evaluated in the AIS patient and control groups. We analyzed the clinical and physiological levels of sex hormones and hormone ratios in these patients. RESULTS The E/T ratio was significantly elevated among patients in the stroke group compared to those in the control group (P = 0.001). Categorization of data into tertiles revealed that patients with the highest E/T ratio were more likely to have AIS [odds ratio (OR) 3.084; 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.616-5.886; P < 0.001) compared with those in the first tertile. The E/T ratio was also an independent unfavorable outcome predictor with an adjusted OR of 1.167 (95% CI: 1.053-1.294; P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS These findings support the hypothesis that increased estradiol and reduced testosterone levels are associated with AIS in men.
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang W, Jin Y, Wang D, Cui J. Neuroprotective effects of leptin on cerebral ischemia through JAK2/STAT3/PGC-1-mediated mitochondrial function modulation. Brain Res Bull 2020; 156:118-130. [PMID: 31935431 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neuroprotective effects of leptin have been shown in mouse model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and primary cortical neuronal culture with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), while the underlying mechanisms are less understood. In the present study, we investigated whether leptin modulated mitochondrial function through JAK2/STAT3 in vivo mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and in OGD-challenged primary neuronal cultures. JAK2/STAT3; mitochondrial biogenesis markers (PGC-1α); and apoptosis-associated proteins (caspase-3, BCL-2, BCL-XL, and cytochrome c) were detected by western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction at 1 h before and after ischemia/reperfusion. P-STAT3 and PGC-1α in neurons and astrocytes were detected. Moreover, mitochondrial morphology of the ischemic ipsilateral penumbra is examined using transmission electron microscopy. Primary cerebral cortical neurons were evaluated for viability, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and apoptosis to assess whether dose-dependent neuroprotective effects of leptin during OGD were mitigated by the JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor AG490. Leptin activated JAK2/STAT3 signaling in neurons and astrocytes distributed in the ischemic ipsilateral penumbra, with peak p-STAT3 levels observed at 1 h after reperfusion. Leptin increased PGC-1α, BCL-2, and BCL-XL protein levels, cell viability, and MMP and decreased apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo; these effects were reversed by AG490 treatment. Our findings suggest that leptin-mediated neuroprotective effects in tMCAO may peak at 1 h to induce the transcription of its target gene PGC-1α, stabilization of MMP, inhibition of mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening, release of cytochrome c, and apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, PR China
| | - Yinchuan Jin
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Fourth Military Medical University, PR China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, NO.661 2 Yellow River Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, PR China.
| | - Jingjing Cui
- Department of Medical Affairs, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, NO.661 2 Yellow River Road, Binzhou, Shandong, 256603, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang Z, Li B, Wang Y, Maimaitili A, Qin H, Dangmurenjiafu G, Wang S. The association between serum adiponectin and 3-month outcome after ischemic stroke. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:105. [PMID: 31412946 PMCID: PMC6694580 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although adiponectin is a major adipocytokine that affects the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases, its clinical significance in stroke remains controversial. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of serum adiponectin levels on functional prognosis in patients with ischemic stroke. METHODS This was a prospective, observational cohort study. Consecutive first-ever ischemic stroke patients without any pre-morbid handicap admitted to our hospital were identified from December 2017 to December 2018. Serum concentration of adiponectin was routinely measured within the first 24 h after admission by a commercially available sandwich ELISA. Associations between adiponectin and either clinical severity at admission, poor outcomes or mortality at 3-month after admission were analyzed using logistic regression to obtain odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS The serum level of adiponectin was obtained in 227 patients with a median value of 7.0 μg/ml, which was significantly higher (P < 0.001) than in those heathy control. Adiponectin levels were associated with moderate-to-high stroke, and risk increased by 12% (OR = 1.12; 95% CI 1.03-1.25; P = 0.002). Patients with a poor outcome and nonsurvivors had significantly increased adiponectin levels on admission (P < 0.001, all). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, adiponectin was an independent predictor of functional outcome and mortality, and risk increased by 24% (OR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.13-1.37; P < 0.001) and 31% (1.31 [1.18-1.46], P < 0.001), respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis suggested that the patients with high serum adiponectin levels had a higher risk of death than those patients with low levels (log-rank test P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that high adiponectin is associated with stroke severity and support the hypothesis that adiponectin can be serve as a biomarker of poor outcome after stroke, independent of baseline variables. Trial registration ChiCTR-OPC-17013501. Retrospectively Registered 21 September 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zengliang Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Fanyang Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Fanyang Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Aisha Maimaitili
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Hu Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Geng Dangmurenjiafu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Fanyang Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|