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Wang B, Handschuh-Wang S, Shen J, Zhou X, Guo Z, Liu W, Pumera M, Zhang L. Small-Scale Robotics with Tailored Wettability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2205732. [PMID: 36113864 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202205732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Small-scale robots (SSRs) have emerged as promising and versatile tools in various biomedical, sensing, decontamination, and manipulation applications, as they are uniquely capable of performing tasks at small length scales. With the miniaturization of robots from the macroscale to millimeter-, micrometer-, and nanometer-scales, the viscous and surface forces, namely adhesive forces and surface tension have become dominant. These forces significantly impact motion efficiency. Surface engineering of robots with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic functionalization presents a brand-new pathway to overcome motion resistance and enhance the ability to target and regulate robots for various tasks. This review focuses on the current progress and future perspectives of SSRs with hydrophilic and hydrophobic modifications (including both tethered and untethered robots). The study emphasizes the distinct advantages of SSRs, such as improved maneuverability and reduced drag forces, and outlines their potential applications. With continued innovation, rational surface engineering is expected to endow SSRs with exceptional mobility and functionality, which can broaden their applications, enhance their penetration depth, reduce surface fouling, and inhibit bacterial adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Stephan Handschuh-Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Spine Surgery, Department of Spine Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Xuechang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zhiguang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Weimin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Martin Pumera
- Future Energy and Innovation Laboratory, Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 123, Brno, 61200, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, VSB - Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava, 70800, Czech Republic
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin N.T., Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin N.T., Hong Kong, 999077, China
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Madarshahian S, Enayati M, Vinyes Parés G, Ufheil G, Abbaspourrad A. Solid phase wax coating of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to decrease its solubility profile as a ready to mix supplement. RSC Adv 2022; 12:17550-17558. [PMID: 35765435 PMCID: PMC9192162 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09279k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) has health benefits attributed to its antioxidant properties and disulfide bond cleavage ability. Unfortunately, solutions of NAC are acidic with an undesirable taste and an unpleasant aftertaste. A method for slowing NAC release in water was developed using a solid phase wax coating. A coating of natural waxes, using food grade corn oil as the solvent and surfactants to facilitate the wax coating on the particles was used to decrease the solubility of NAC powder, crystals, and granules in water. A high NAC loading, between 55 and 91% for NAC granules and NAC crystals, was achieved as measured using LC-MS. The NAC wax-coated particles were fully characterized, and microscopy and SEM images revealed the shape, morphology, and size of the particles. Conductometry was used to study NAC release profile in water from wax-coated particles and the results indicate that solid phase wax coatings slowed the release of NAC into water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Madarshahian
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University Ithaca 14853 NY USA
| | - Mojtaba Enayati
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University Ithaca 14853 NY USA
| | - Gerard Vinyes Parés
- Nestlé Product Technology Center Nestlé Health Science Bridgewater NJ 08807 USA
| | | | - Alireza Abbaspourrad
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University Ithaca 14853 NY USA
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Zhang J, Gu Y, Jiang J, Zheng R. pH-Responsive Liquid Marbles Based on Dihydroxystearic Acid. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:5702-5707. [PMID: 35438998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report pH-responsive liquid marbles stabilized by 9,10-dihydroxystearic acid (DHSA). The particle morphology and the pH-responsive behavior of the liquid marbles were investigated. The rolling time during the preparation of liquid marbles has a great influence on the thickness of powder adsorption and the stability of the marbles. Compared with the liquid marbles stabilized by other fatty acids (e.g., stearic acid and docosoic acid), the liquid marbles prepared by DHSA have a much higher mechanical robustness. The increase in the number of hydroxyl groups on the carbon chain of fatty acids improves the mechanical robustness of the liquid marbles. Such liquid marbles immediately disintegrated on the surface of an alkaline solution or after exposure to NH3 gas, which extends their applications in the NH3 sensor and chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Yao Gu
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Jianzhong Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
| | - Raojun Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, P. R. China
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Zhang J, Zhu L, Zhao S, Huang J, Huang J, Guo Z. Robust moisture-proof coating applied to the protection and storage of bulk metal glass transformer core in mine-environment. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.128049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Chen W, Zhang X, Zhao S, Huang J, Guo Z. Slippery magnetic track inducing droplet and bubble manipulation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1207-1210. [PMID: 34982074 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06369c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It is difficult for traditional droplet manipulation to combine transportation and rapid capture of droplets on an inclined surface. In this work, a slippery magnetic track (SMT) is presented to manipulate droplets and bubbles in a magnetic field. By changing the direction of the magnetic field, the transitions from non-pinning to pinning states on the SMT can be achieved. Through the SMT surface, it is possible to capture and release droplets and bubbles in the vertical direction. The detailed theoretical and experimental studies of droplet and bubble manipulation are discussed. This work demonstrates the versatility of magnetic manipulation, including the transition of droplet trajectory and bubble removal, which will facilitate the research of intelligent interfaces in energy transmission, drug transport and micro engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China.
| | - Siyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Jinxia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
| | - Zhiguang Guo
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Centre for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, P. R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
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