Integrated Spectroscopic, Bio-active Prediction and Analytics of Isoquinoline Derivative for Breast Cancer Mitigation

Insights into in-vitro studies and molecular modelling of the antimicrobial efficiency of 4-chlorobenzaldehyde and 4-methoxybenzaldehyde derivatives

Owing to the significant gap in the knowledge and understanding of the mechanisms of antimicrobial action and the development of resistance, the optimization of antimicrobial therapies therefore becomes a necessity. It is on this note, that this study seeks to both experimentally and theoretically investigate the antimicrobial efficiency of two synthesized compounds namely; 1-((4-methoxyphenyl) (morpholino)methyl)thiourea (MR1) and diethyl 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,6-diphenyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate (HRC). Utilizing the density functional theory (DFT), the compounds were optimized at ωB97XD/6-31++G(2d, 2p) level of theory. This provided a clear explanation for their distinct reactivity and stability potentials. More so, the natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis confirmed strong intra and intermolecular interactions, which agreed with the calculated reactivity parameters and density of states (DOS). Upon assessing the antimicrobial efficacy of the synthesized compounds, it was found that they exhibited lower activity against Enterobacter and A. niger, but considerable activity against Moraxella. In contrast, they showed higher activity against B. subtilis and Trichophyton, indicating that the compounds are more effective against gram-positive bacteria than gram-negative ones. Hence, it can be asserted that the synthesized compounds have superior antifungal action than antibacterial activity. A fascinating aspect of the data is that they show interactions that are incredibly insightful, totally correlating with the simulations of both molecular docking and molecular dynamics. Therefore, the alignment between experimental findings and computational simulations strengthens the validity of the study's conclusions, emphasizing the significance of the synthesized compounds in the context of optimizing antimicrobial therapies.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.

Toxicity, Pharmacokinetic Profile, and Compound-Protein Interaction Study of Polygonum minus Huds Extract

Several phytochemicals with potential for bioactivity can be found in Polygonum minus (PM). The goal of this investigation was to establish the minimally toxic dose of PM for pharmaceutical use. To explain the stability and reactivity of the compounds under study, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO), the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), and the natural bond orbital were all combined. Additionally, the cytotoxicity of the aqueous and ethanolic extract of PM on the (Hs888Lu) cell line was determined using the MTS Assay Kit (cell proliferation) (colorimetric). The hematological, hepatic, and renal functions were examined during the acute toxicity test on Sprague Dawley rats. SwissADME and ADMET were used to investigate the absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) of the chemicals isolated from PM, including gallic acid, quercetin, rutin, and coumaric acid (PMCs). Molecular docking was used to examine the inhibitory effect against human H+/K+ ATPase, cyclooxygenase-2, and acetylcholinesterase. The outcomes indicated that neither the aqueous nor the ethanolic extract of PM is harmful. The development of plant-based medicine was made possible by the phenolic chemicals, primarily quercetin and rutin, which exhibit a considerable binding affinity to human H+/K+ ATPase, cyclooxygenase-2, and acetylcholinesterase.

Inflammatory Studies of Dehydroandrographolide: Isolation, Spectroscopy, Biological Activity, and Theoretical Modeling

Dehydroandrographolide (DA) was isolated and experimentally characterized utilizing FT-IR, UV-Vis, and NMR spectroscopy techniques along with detailed theoretical modelled at the DFT/B3LYP-D3BJ/6-311 + + G(d,p) level of theory. Substantially, molecular electronic property investigations in the gaseous phase alongside five different solvents (ethanol, methanol, water, acetonitrile and DMSO) were comprehensively reported and compared with the experimental results. The globally harmonized scale (GHS), which is used to identify and label chemicals, was also utilized to demonstrate that the lead compound predicted an LD50 of 1190 mg/kg. This finding implies that consumers can safely consume the lead molecule. Notable impacts on hepatotoxicity, cytotoxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity were likewise found to be minimal to nonexistent for the compound. Additionally, in order to account for the biological performance of the studied compound, in-silico molecular docking simulation analysis was examined against different anti-inflammatory target of enzymes (3PGH, 4COX, and 6COX). From the examination, it can be inferred that DA@3PGH, DA@4COX, and DA@6COX, respectively, showed significant negative binding affinities of -7.2 kcal/mol, -8.0 kcal/mol, and - 6.9 kcal/mol. Thus, the high mean binding affinity in contrast to conventional drugs further reinforces these results as an anti-inflammatory agent.

Impact of Polythiophene ((C4H4S)n; n = 3, 5, 7, 9) Units on the Adsorption, Reactivity, and Photodegradation Mechanism of Tetracycline by Ti-Doped Graphene/Boron Nitride (Ti@GP_BN) Nanocomposite Materials: Insights from Computational Study

This study addresses the formidable persistence of tetracycline (TC) in the environment and its adverse impact on soil, water, and microbial ecosystems. To combat this issue, an innovative approach by varying polythiophene ((C4H4S)n; n = 3, 5, 7, 9) units and the subsequent interaction with Ti-doped graphene/boron nitride (Ti@GP_BN) nanocomposites was applied as catalysts for investigating the molecular structure, adsorption, excitation analysis, and photodegradation mechanism of tetracycline within the framework of density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP-gd3bj/def2svp method. This study reveals a compelling correlation between the adsorption potential of the nanocomposites and their corresponding excitation behaviors, particularly notable in the fifth and seventh units of the polythiophene configuration. These units exhibit distinct excitation patterns, characterized by energy levels of 1.3406 and 924.81 nm wavelengths for the fifth unit and 1.3391 and 925.88 nm wavelengths for the seventh unit. Through exploring deeper, the examination of the exciton binding energy emerges as a pivotal factor, bolstering the outcomes derived from both UV-vis transition analysis and adsorption exploration. Notably, the calculated exciton binding energies of 0.120 and 0.103 eV for polythiophene units containing 5 and 7 segments, respectively, provide compelling confirmation of our findings. This convergence of data reinforces the integrity of our earlier analyses, enhancing our understanding of the intricate electronic and energetic interplay within these intricate systems. This study sheds light on the promising potential of the polythiophene/Ti-doped graphene/boron nitride nanocomposite as an efficient candidate for TC photodegradation, contributing to the advancement of sustainable environmental remediation strategies. This study was conducted theoretically; hence, experimental studies are needed to authenticate the use of the studied nanocomposites for degrading TC.

Molecular modeling of the structural, electronic, excited state dynamic, and the photovoltaic properties of the oligomers of n-corannulene (n = 1-4)

Despite the fact that n-corannulene oligomers (n = 1-4) have a variety of electronic and optical properties, including the ability to be tuned and the potential to be used as light-harvesting materials, there has not been a computational assessment of their structural, electronic, and optical properties. Herein, a computational evaluation of the concerned materials regarding their potent use in solar cell technology has been conducted via DFT/CAM-B3LYP and M062X/6-311+G level of theory. It was observed that the calculated 1st frequency of the n-Corannulene (n = 1-4) were 144.15, 106.36, 48.96 and 42.21 respectively. Notably, the computed cohesive energy value increased as the number of Corannulene units increases while the electronic characteristics revealed that the chemical activity of the structures increased as the number of oligomers rose. Both calculation techniques demonstrate that the number of n-Corannulene oligomers increases the HOMO energy while decreasing the LUMO energy based on the external electric field (EF) effect. The findings demonstrated that as EF intensity increases, the energy gap (Eg/eV = |EHOMO-ELUMO|) of these molecular systems decreases which can be attributed to a decrease in the electron transfer potential barrier. The 4-Corannulene systems showed the highest wave length of adsorption for the investigated compound at 546.18 nm, with the highest oscillator strength of 0.2708 and the lowest transition energy of 2.2700 eV, arising from S0-S1 (H-L) and the highest major percentage contribution of 93.34 % in comparison to the investigated compounds. We are hopeful that this research will help experimental researchers understand the potential of n-Corannulene, specifically 4-corannulene, as powerful material for a variety of applications ranging from solar cell, photovoltaic properties and many others.

Synthesis, characterization, and molecular modeling of phenylenediamine-phenylhydrazine-formaldehyde terpolymer (PPHF) as potent anti-inflammatory agent

Inflammation, a characteristic physiological response to infections and tissue damage, commences with processes involving tissue repair and pathogen elimination, contributing to the restoration of homeostasis at affected sites. Hence, this study presents a comprehensive analysis addressing diverse aspects associated with this phenomenon. The investigation encompasses the synthesis, spectral characterizations (FT-IR, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR), and molecular modeling of p-phenylenediamine-phenylhydrazine-formaldehyde terpolymer (PPHF), a potent agent in promoting inflammation. To explore the reactivity, bonding nature, and spectroscopy, as well as perform molecular docking for in-silico biological evaluation, density functional theory (DFT) utilizing the def2svp/B3LYP-D3BJ method was employed. The results reveal significant biological activity of the tested compound in relation to anti-inflammatory proteins, specifically 6JD8, 5TKB, and 4CYF. Notably, upon interaction between PPHF and 6JD8, a binding affinity of -4.5 kcal/mol was observed. Likewise, the interaction with 5TKB demonstrated an affinity of -7.8 kcal/mol. Furthermore, a bonding affinity of -8.1 kcal/mol was observed for the interaction with 4CYF. Importantly, these values closely correspond to those obtained from the interaction between the proteins and the standard drug ibuprofen (IBF), which exhibited binding affinities of -5.9 kcal/mol, -7.0 kcal/mol, and -6.1 kcal/mol, respectively. Thus, these results provide compelling evidence affirming the tremendous potential of p-phenylenediamine-phenylhydrazine-formaldehyde (PPHF) as a highly promising anti-inflammatory agent, owing to the presence of nitrogen-a heteroatom within the compound.

Transition Metal-Decorated B12N12-X (X = Au, Cu, Ni, Os, Pt, and Zn) Nanoclusters as Biosensors for Carboplatin

Theoretical studies on the adsorption, sensibility, and reactivity of a boron nitride nanocage decorated with Au, Cu, Ni, Os, Pt, and Zn metals as a biosensor material were carried out for the adsorption of carboplatin by applying the density functional theory computation at the B3LYP-GD3BJ/def2svp level of theory. All the optimized structures, as well as the calculations as regards the studied objective including electronic properties, geometry optimization parameters, adsorption energy studies, natural bond orbital analysis, topology studies, sensor mechanistic parameters, and thermodynamic properties (ΔG and ΔH), were investigated herein. As a result, the noticeable change in the energy gap of the studied surfaces when interacting with carboplatin accounted for the surfaces' reactivity, stability, conductivity, work function, and overall adsorption ability, implying that the studied decorated surfaces are good sensor materials for sensing carboplatin. Furthermore, the negative adsorption energies obtained for interacting surfaces decorated with Cu, Ni, Os, and Zn suggest that the surface has a superior ability to sense carboplatin as chemisorption was seen. Substantially, the geometric short adsorption bond length after adsorption, thermodynamically spontaneous reactions, and acceptable sensor mechanism results demonstrate that the investigated surfaces have strong sensing characteristics for sensing carboplatin.