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Moore E, Robson AJ, Crisp AR, Cockshell MP, Burzava ALS, Ganesan R, Robinson N, Al-Bataineh S, Nankivell V, Sandeman L, Tondl M, Benveniste G, Finnie JW, Psaltis PJ, Martocq L, Quadrelli A, Jarvis SP, Williams C, Ramage G, Rehman IU, Bursill CA, Simula T, Voelcker NH, Griesser HJ, Short RD, Bonder CS. Study of the Structure of Hyperbranched Polyglycerol Coatings and Their Antibiofouling and Antithrombotic Applications. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401545. [PMID: 38924692 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
While blood-contacting materials are widely deployed in medicine in vascular stents, catheters, and cannulas, devices fail in situ because of thrombosis and restenosis. Furthermore, microbial attachment and biofilm formation is not an uncommon problem for medical devices. Even incremental improvements in hemocompatible materials can provide significant benefits for patients in terms of safety and patency as well as substantial cost savings. Herein, a novel but simple strategy is described for coating a range of medical materials, that can be applied to objects of complex geometry, involving plasma-grafting of an ultrathin hyperbranched polyglycerol coating (HPG). Plasma activation creates highly reactive surface oxygen moieties that readily react with glycidol. Irrespective of the substrate, coatings are uniform and pinhole free, comprising O─C─O repeats, with HPG chains packing in a fashion that holds reversibly binding proteins at the coating surface. In vitro assays with planar test samples show that HPG prevents platelet adhesion and activation, as well as reducing (>3 log) bacterial attachment and preventing biofilm formation. Ex vivo and preclinical studies show that HPG-coated nitinol stents do not elicit thrombosis or restenosis, nor complement or neutrophil activation. Subcutaneous implantation of HPG coated disks under the skin of mice shows no evidence of toxicity nor inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eli Moore
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Alexander J Robson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Amy R Crisp
- School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | - Michaelia P Cockshell
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Anouck L S Burzava
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Raja Ganesan
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Nirmal Robinson
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | | | - Victoria Nankivell
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Lauren Sandeman
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Markus Tondl
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | | | - John W Finnie
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Peter J Psaltis
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Department of Cardiology, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Laurine Martocq
- School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, UK
| | | | - Samuel P Jarvis
- Department of Physics, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Craig Williams
- Microbiology Department, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Lancaster, LA1 4RP, UK
| | - Gordon Ramage
- Department of Nursing and Community Health, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK
| | - Ihtesham U Rehman
- School of Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Christina A Bursill
- Vascular Research Centre, Heart and Vascular Program, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
| | - Tony Simula
- TekCyte Limited, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia
| | - Hans J Griesser
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Robert D Short
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield, S3 7HF, UK
| | - Claudine S Bonder
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, 5000, Australia
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Pelliccia F, Zimarino M, Niccoli G, Morrone D, De Luca G, Miraldi F, De Caterina R. In-stent restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention: emerging knowledge on biological pathways. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL OPEN 2023; 3:oead083. [PMID: 37808526 PMCID: PMC10558044 DOI: 10.1093/ehjopen/oead083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has evolved significantly over the past four decades. Since its inception, in-stent restenosis (ISR)-the progressive reduction in vessel lumen diameter after PCI-has emerged as the main complication of the procedure. Although the incidence of ISR has reduced from 30% at 6 months with bare-metal stents to 7% at 4 years with drug-eluting stents (DESs), its occurrence is relevant in absolute terms because of the dimensions of the population treated with PCI. The aim of this review is to summarize the emerging understanding of the biological pathways that underlie ISR. In-stent restenosis is associated with several factors, including patient-related, genetic, anatomic, stent, lesion, and procedural characteristics. Regardless of associated factors, there are common pathophysiological pathways involving molecular phenomena triggered by the mechanical trauma caused by PCI. Such biological pathways are responses to the denudation of the intima during balloon angioplasty and involve inflammation, hypersensitivity reactions, and stem cell mobilization particularly of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). The results of these processes are either vessel wall healing or neointimal hyperplasia and/or neo-atherosclerosis. Unravelling the key molecular and signal pathways involved in ISR is crucial to identify appropriate therapeutic strategies aimed at abolishing the 'Achille's heel' of PCI. In this regard, we discuss novel approaches to prevent DES restenosis. Indeed, available evidence suggests that EPC-capturing stents promote rapid stent re-endothelization, which, in turn, has the potential to decrease the risk of stent thrombosis and allow the use of a shorter-duration dual antiplatelet therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Pelliccia
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Sapienza, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Zimarino
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University, Viale Abruzzo, 332, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Cardiology, “SS. Annunziata Hospital”, ASL 2 Abruzzo, Via dei Vestini, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Niccoli
- Department of Cardiology, University of Parma, Piazzale S. Francesco, 3, 43121 Parma, Italy
| | - Doralisa Morrone
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and of Critical Sciences, University of Pisa, Lungarno Antonio Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe De Luca
- Division of Cardiology, AOU “Policlinico G. Martino”, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Via Consolare Valeria 1, 98124 Messina, Italy
- Division of Cardiology, IRCCS Hospital Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Miraldi
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University Sapienza, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele De Caterina
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and of Critical Sciences, University of Pisa, Lungarno Antonio Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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Istanbullu OB, Akdogan G. Blood-repellent and anti-corrosive surface by spin-coated SWCNT layer on intravascular stent materials. Phys Eng Sci Med 2023; 46:227-243. [PMID: 36592282 DOI: 10.1007/s13246-022-01212-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite intravascular bare metallic stents (BMS) being indispensable products in cardiovascular surgery, they face in-stent restenosis (ISR), resulting in stent failure or secondary surgical operation necessity. Accumulation or corrosion processes are key factors that promote ISR development in a vascular pathway, including an intravascular stent. The ISR can be inhibited by increasing the blood-repellency, and electrochemical corrosion resistance features using surface modification techniques on intravascular stent materials. In this study, Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT) structures were deposited using the spin-coating method on stent specimens made of 316L, 316LVM, CoCr-alloy, and Ti-alloy. Hydrophobicity and blood-repellency functions of coated and uncoated specimens were analysed by the Contact Angle (CA) values for distilled water (DIW), glycerol, blood plasma, and total-blood droplets using a computer-controlled goniometer system. Using a potentiostat, the electrochemical corrosion resistance features were analysed from obtained Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Tafel curves in 37 °C Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) mimicking the human blood plasma. Due to the CA values below 90°, the repellency limit for hydrophobicity and blood-repellency, bare specimens performed hydrophilic and blood-philic features. However, SWCNT coating increased the repellency functions to 95° for DIW and 96° for total blood. The electrochemical corrosion resistance analysis showed that 1.433 kΩ cm2 polarization resistance and 1.07 kΩ cm2 electrochemical impedance of bare specimens increased to 142.8 kΩ cm2 and 141.3 kΩ cm2 by SWCNT coating. These corrosion resistance enhancements led to ratios of 78.13% inhibition in the corrosion rate and mass loss rate per year for SWCNT-coated 316LVM specimens. The maximum inhibition efficiency was observed for SWCNT-coated 316LVM specimens with a ratio of 87.92%. Obtained results indicate that SWCNT coating of the intravascular stents can inhibit the ISR risks of the BMS group.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Burak Istanbullu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Gulsen Akdogan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Pashova A, Work LM, Nicklin SA. The role of extracellular vesicles in neointima formation post vascular injury. Cell Signal 2020; 76:109783. [PMID: 32956789 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pathological neointimal growth can develop in patients as a result of vascular injury following percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting using autologous saphenous vein, leading to arterial or vein graft occlusion. Neointima formation driven by intimal hyperplasia occurs as a result of a complex interplay between molecular and cellular processes involving different cell types including endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells and various inflammatory cells. Therefore, understanding the intercellular communication mechanisms underlying this process remains of fundamental importance in order to develop therapeutic strategies to preserve endothelial integrity and vascular health post coronary interventions. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including microvesicles and exosomes, are membrane-bound particles secreted by cells which mediate intercellular signalling in physiological and pathophysiological states, however their role in neointima formation is not fully understood. The purification and characterization techniques currently used in the field are associated with many limitations which significantly hinder the ability to comprehensively study the role of specific EV types and make direct functional comparisons between EV subpopulations. In this review, the current knowledge focusing on EV signalling in neointima formation post vascular injury is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pashova
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - L M Work
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - S A Nicklin
- Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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Che Man R, Sulaiman N, Ishak MF, Bt Hj Idrus R, Abdul Rahman MR, Yazid MD. The Effects of Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Agents for the Suppression of Intimal Hyperplasia: An Evidence-Based Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17217825. [PMID: 33114632 PMCID: PMC7672569 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Anti-atherogenic therapy is crucial in halting the progression of inflammation-induced intimal hyperplasia. The aim of this concise review was to methodically assess the recent findings of the different approaches, mainly on the recruitment of chemokines and/or cytokine and its effects in combating the intimal hyperplasia caused by various risk factors. Pubmed and Scopus databases were searched, followed by article selection based on pre-set inclusion and exclusion criteria. The combination of keywords used were monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 OR MCP-1 OR TNF-alpha OR TNF-α AND hyperplasia OR intimal hyperplasia OR neointimal hyperplasia AND in vitro. These keywords combination was incorporated in the study and had successfully identified 77 articles, with 22 articles were acquired from Pubmed, whereas 55 articles were obtained from Scopus. However, after title screening, only twelve articles meet the requirements of defined inclusion criteria. We classified the data into 4 different approaches, i.e., utilisation of natural product, genetic manipulation and protein inhibition, targeted drugs in clinical setting, and chemokine and cytokines induction. Most of the articles are working on genetic manipulation targeted on specific pathway to inhibit the pro-inflammatory factors expression. We also found that the utilisation of chemokine- and cytokine-related treatments are emerging throughout the years. However, there is no study utilising the combination of approaches that might give a better outcome in combating intimal hyperplasia. Hopefully, this concise review will provide an insight regarding the usage of different novel approaches in halting the progression of intimal hyperplasia, which serves as a key factor for the development of atherosclerosis in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohaina Che Man
- Centre for Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (R.C.M.); (N.S.); (M.F.I.); (R.B.H.I.)
| | - Nadiah Sulaiman
- Centre for Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (R.C.M.); (N.S.); (M.F.I.); (R.B.H.I.)
| | - Mohamad Fikeri Ishak
- Centre for Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (R.C.M.); (N.S.); (M.F.I.); (R.B.H.I.)
| | - Ruszymah Bt Hj Idrus
- Centre for Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (R.C.M.); (N.S.); (M.F.I.); (R.B.H.I.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Ramzisham Abdul Rahman
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
| | - Muhammad Dain Yazid
- Centre for Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (R.C.M.); (N.S.); (M.F.I.); (R.B.H.I.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-9145-6995
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Essential thrombocythemia: a hemostatic view of thrombogenic risk factors and prognosis. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:4767-4778. [PMID: 32472297 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05536-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a classical myeloproliferative neoplasm that is susceptible to hypercoagulable state due to impaired hemostatic system, so that thrombotic complications are the leading cause of mortality in ET patients. The content used in this article has been obtained by the PubMed database and Google Scholar search engine from English-language articles (2000-2019) using the following keywords: "Essential thrombocythemia," "Thrombosis," "Risk factors" and "Hemostasis. In this neoplasm, the count and activity of cells such as platelets, leukocytes, endothelial cells, as well as erythrocytes are increased, which can increase the risk of thrombosis through rising intercellular interactions, expression of surface markers, and stimulation of platelet aggregation. In addition to these factors, genetic polymorphisms in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), including mutations in JAK2, CALR, MPL, or genetic abnormalities in other genes associated with the hemostatic system may be associated with increased risk of thrombotic events. Moreover, disruption of coagulant factors can pave the way for thrombogeneration. Therefore, the identification of markers related to cell activation, genetic abnormalities, or alternation in the coagulant system can be used together as diagnostic and prognostic markers for the occurrence of thrombosis among ET patients. Thus, because thrombotic complications are the main factors of mortality in ET patients, a hemostatic viewpoint and risk assessment of cellular, genetic, and coagulation factors can have prognostic value and contribute to the choice of effective treatment and prevention of thrombosis.
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