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Alam A, Andriyani FM, Peryoga SU. Severe COVID-19 multisystem inflammatory syndrome versus severe dengue in children from Indonesia: a cross-sectional study. Int J Emerg Med 2024; 17:85. [PMID: 38992604 DOI: 10.1186/s12245-024-00658-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Severe multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and severe dengue are challenging to identify during the COVID-19 pandemic in dengue-endemic areas. Fever, multiorgan involvement, and shock characterize both severe MIS-C and severe dengue. Distinguishing between the two diseases is beneficial in initiating proper management. METHODS Medical records of children < 18 years old who were hospitalized at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital's PICU between December 2020 and July 2022 with severe MIS-C or severe dengue were recorded. Differences were assessed using comparative and descriptive analyses. RESULTS Seventeen severe dengue patients and 4 severe MIS-C were included. The average age of severe MIS-C was 11.5 years (SD ± 2.9, 95% CI), and that of severe dengue patients was 6.2 years (SD ± 4.4, 95% CI) (p value = 0.034, 95%). Fever and abdominal pain were the most common symptoms in both groups (p = 0.471, 95% CI). Rash (p = 0.049) and nonpurulent conjunctivitis (p = 0.035) were two symptoms with significant differences. The highest platelet count (p-value = 0.006, 95% CI), AST (p-value = 0.026, 95% CI), and D-dimer level (p-value = 0.025, 95% CI) were significantly different between the two cohorts. Cardiac abnormalities were found in all (100%) severe MIS-C patients, but only one (5.9%) in severe dengue patients. CONCLUSION Age, rash, nonpurulent conjunctivitis, platelet count, AST and D-dimer level may distinguish severe MIS-C from severe dengue fever.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anggraini Alam
- Infection & Tropical Diseases Division, Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran-Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.
| | - Fina Meilyana Andriyani
- Emergency and Intensive Care Division, Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran-Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Stanza Uga Peryoga
- Emergency and Intensive Care Division, Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran-Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
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Rajan R, Hanifah M, Mariappan V, Anand M, Balakrishna Pillai A. Soluble Endoglin and Syndecan-1 levels predicts the clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients. Microb Pathog 2024; 188:106558. [PMID: 38272329 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Endothelial instability is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. The mechanism that regulates the endothelial dysfunction and disease virulence is not known. Studies on proteins that are released into circulation by activated endothelial cells may provide some means to understand the disease manifestation. The study investigated the circulating levels of two molecules Endoglin (Eng) and Syndecan-1 (SDC-1) that are presumed to be involved in the maintenance of endothelial integrity and their association with hypercoagulation marker in COVID-19 patients. The serum levels of Eng, SDC-1, D-mer were evaluated using ELISA at the time of admission (DOA) and day 7 post-admission among COVID-19 patients (N = 39 with 17 moderate and 22 severe cases). Compared to the time of admission, there was an increase in sEng and sSDC1 levels in all COVID-19 cases on day 7 post admission. The serum levels of sEng and sSDC-1 was significantly (P ≤ 0.001 & P ≤ 0.01 respectively) elevated in severe cases including the four deceased group compared to moderate cases on day 7 post admission. Further, the study molecules showed a strong positive association (P ≤ 0.001) with the hypercoagulation marker D-mer. The results show an early shedding of the endothelial proteins sEng and sSDC-1 into circulation as a host response to the viral infection during the febrile phase of infection. Increased levels of sEng and sSDC-1 along with D-mer could be beneficial in predicting COVID-19 disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Remya Rajan
- Department of General Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute (MGMCRI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, 607 402, India.
| | - Mohamed Hanifah
- Department of General Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute (MGMCRI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, 607 402, India.
| | - Vignesh Mariappan
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, 607 402, India.
| | - Monica Anand
- Department of General Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute (MGMCRI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, 607 402, India.
| | - Agieshkumar Balakrishna Pillai
- Mahatma Gandhi Medical Advanced Research Institute (MGMARI), Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Puducherry, 607 402, India.
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Verma P, Baskey U, Choudhury KR, Dutta S, Bakshi S, Das R, Mondal P, Bhaduri S, Majhi D, Dutta S, Sadhukhan PC. Changing pattern of circulating dengue serotypes in the endemic region: An alarming risk to the healthcare system during the pandemic. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:2046-2057. [PMID: 37944366 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pandemic of COVID-19 has created an unprecedented burden on the healthcare system and medical communities resulting in new public health challenges. On the other hand, in tropical countries, another concern arises due to the similar spectrum of clinical manifestations between COVID-19 and dengue fever. Thus, the neglected tropical disease 'Dengue' writhed with more inattention. This study aims to find the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on dengue infections in endemic areas of West Bengal, India, and their combined impact on public health. The alterations in circulating dengue serotype and their genomic diversity in different COVID-19 waves were also monitored. METHODS A total of 1782 patients were included in this study. Dengue NS1 ELISA, molecular serotyping, genotyping and their phylogenetic analysis were performed. GISaided analysis of various dengue serotypes and hotspot identification for risk maps of severe dengue in endemic zones were done. The burden of dengue fever and the sustainability of their viral strains with changing meteorological parameters in parallel to COVID-19 waves were analyzed. RESULTS Co-circulation of all the four dengue serotypes with rapid change in the pattern of prevalent serotype DENV4 (Genotype-I) in the year 2020 and DENV3 (Genotype-III) in 2021 were observed, in parallel to different circulating strains of COVID-19. Spatiotemporal distribution of DENV using Geographic Information System (GIS) applications observed a serotypic shift and hotspot mapping for risk analysis detected Kolkata as a dengue hotspot, which has also reported the maximum number of COVID-19 cases. CONCLUSION This study indicates the increased fitness of circulating dengue virus strains with optimal virulence as per changing environmental conditions and the inhabitant's immunity. The high infectivity rate of both the RNA viruses and considering.the consequences of severe dengue and COVID-19 in the population of the same geographical settings is an alarming risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Verma
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, Scheme XM, CIT Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India
| | - Upasana Baskey
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, Scheme XM, CIT Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India
| | - Kamalika Roy Choudhury
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, Scheme XM, CIT Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India
| | - Supradip Dutta
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, Scheme XM, CIT Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India
| | - Sagnik Bakshi
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, Scheme XM, CIT Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India
| | - Raina Das
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, Scheme XM, CIT Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India
| | - Palas Mondal
- Swasthya Bhawan, GN-29 Sector-V, Salt Lake, Street no.: 2, Kolkata 70009, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudipta Bhaduri
- Swasthya Bhawan, GN-29 Sector-V, Salt Lake, Street no.: 2, Kolkata 70009, West Bengal, India
| | - Dipankar Majhi
- Swasthya Bhawan, GN-29 Sector-V, Salt Lake, Street no.: 2, Kolkata 70009, West Bengal, India
| | - Shanta Dutta
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, Scheme XM, CIT Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India
| | - Provash Chandra Sadhukhan
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, P-33, Scheme XM, CIT Road, Beliaghata, Kolkata 700010, West Bengal, India.
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Mosquera-Sulbaran JA, Pedreañez A, Hernandez-Fonseca JP, Hernandez-Fonseca H. Angiotensin II and dengue. Arch Virol 2023; 168:191. [PMID: 37368044 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-023-05814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is a disease caused by a flavivirus that is transmitted principally by the bite of an Aedes aegypti mosquito and represents a major public-health problem. Many studies have been carried out to identify soluble factors that are involved in the pathogenesis of this infection. Cytokines, soluble factors, and oxidative stress have been reported to be involved in the development of severe disease. Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a hormone with the ability to induce the production of cytokines and soluble factors related to the inflammatory processes and coagulation disorders observed in dengue. However, a direct involvement of Ang II in this disease has not been demonstrated. This review primarily summarizes the pathophysiology of dengue, the role of Ang II in various diseases, and reports that are highly suggestive of the involvement of this hormone in dengue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus A Mosquera-Sulbaran
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, 4001-A, Venezuela.
| | - Adriana Pedreañez
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Escuela de Bioanálisis, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, Venezuela
| | - Juan Pablo Hernandez-Fonseca
- Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas "Dr. Américo Negrette", Facultad de Medicina, Universidad del Zulia, Maracaibo, 4001-A, Venezuela
- Servicio de Microscopia Electronica del Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia (CNB- CSIC) Madrid, Madrid, España
| | - Hugo Hernandez-Fonseca
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Saint George's University, True Blue, West Indies, Grenada
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Raghunathan V, Dhaliwal M, Singhi S. Severity and Cardiac Involvement in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: Authors' Reply. Indian J Pediatr 2023; 90:424. [PMID: 36757649 PMCID: PMC9909628 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-022-04455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Veena Raghunathan
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Medanta - The Medicity, Sector 38, Gurugram, Haryana, 122001, India.
| | - Maninder Dhaliwal
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Medanta - The Medicity, Sector 38, Gurugram, Haryana, 122001, India
| | - Sunit Singhi
- Division of Pediatrics, Medanta - The Medicity, Gurugram, Haryana, India
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Huerta-Miranda GA, García-García WI, Vidal-Limon A, Miranda-Hernández M. Use of simplified models for theoretical prediction of the interactions between available antibodies and the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:1018-1027. [PMID: 34935602 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2019123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The negative impact of infectious diseases like COVID-19 on public health and the global economy is evident. This pandemic represents a significant challenge for the scientific community to develop new practical analytical methods for accurately diagnosing emerging cases. Due to their selectivity and sensitivity, new methodologies based on antigen/antibody interactions to detect COVID-19 biomarkers are necessary. In this context, the theoretical, computational modeling reduces experimental efforts and saves resources for rational biosensor design. This study proposes using molecular dynamics to predict the interactions between the Receptor Binding Domain (RBD) of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein simplified model and a set of highly characterized antibodies. The binding free energy of the antigen/antibody complexes was calculated for the simplified models and compared against the complete SARS-CoV-2 ectodomain to validate the methodology. The structural data derived from our molecular dynamics and end-point free energy calculations showed a positive correlation between both approximations, with a 0.82 Pearson correlation coefficient; t = 3.661, df = 3, p-value = 0.03522, with a 95% confident interval. Furthermore, we identified the interfacial residues that could generate covalent bonds with a specific chemical surface without perturbing the binding dynamics to develop highly sensitive and specific diagnostic devices. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Huerta-Miranda
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Temixco, Morelos, México
| | - W I García-García
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Temixco, Morelos, México
| | - A Vidal-Limon
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Temixco, Morelos, México
| | - M Miranda-Hernández
- Instituto de Energías Renovables, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Temixco, Morelos, México
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7
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Dutta D, Ghosh A, Dutta C, Sukla S, Biswas S. Cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV-2 with other pathogens, especially dengue virus: A historical perspective. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e28557. [PMID: 36755367 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is a vector-borne viral disease caused by a Flavivirus whereas the COVID-19 pandemic was caused by a highly contagious virus, SARS-CoV-2 belonging to the family Coronaviridae. However, COVID-19 severity was observably less in dengue-endemic countries and vice versa especially during the active years of the pandemic (2019-2021). We observed that dengue virus (DENV) antibodies (Abs) could cross-react with SARS-CoV-2 spike antigen. This resulted in SARS-CoV-2 false positivity by rapid Ab test kits. DENV Abs binding to SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (and the reverse scenario), as revealed by docking studies further validated DENV and SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactivity. Finally, SARS-CoV-2 Abs were found to cross-neutralize DENV1 and DENV2 in virus neutralization test (VNT). Abs to other pathogens like Plasmodium were also cross-reactive but non-neutralizing for SARS-CoV-2. Here, we analyze the existing data on SARS-CoV-2 cross-reactivity with other pathogens, especially dengue to assess its impact on health (cross-protection?) and differential sero-diagnosis/surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debrupa Dutta
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anisa Ghosh
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Chiroshri Dutta
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Soumi Sukla
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhajit Biswas
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Wong JM, Volkman HR, Adams LE, Oliveras García C, Martinez-Quiñones A, Perez-Padilla J, Bertrán-Pasarell J, Sainz de la Peña D, Tosado-Acevedo R, Santiago GA, Muñoz-Jordán JL, Torres-Velásquez BC, Lorenzi O, Sánchez-González L, Rivera-Amill V, Paz-Bailey G. Clinical Features of COVID-19, Dengue, and Influenza among Adults Presenting to Emergency Departments and Urgent Care Clinics-Puerto Rico, 2012-2021. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2023; 108:107-114. [PMID: 36410319 PMCID: PMC9833087 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.22-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue and influenza are pathogens of global concern and cause febrile illness similar to COVID-19. We analyzed data from an enhanced surveillance system operating from three emergency departments and an urgent care clinic in Puerto Rico to identify clinical features predictive of influenza or dengue compared with COVID-19. Participants with fever or respiratory symptoms and aged ≥18 years enrolled May 2012-January 2021 with dengue, influenza, or SARS-CoV-2 confirmed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction were included. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs using logistic regression to assess clinical characteristics of participants with COVID-19 compared to those with dengue or influenza, adjusting for age, subregion, and days from illness onset to presentation for clinical care. Among 13,431 participants, we identified 2,643 with dengue (N = 303), influenza (N = 2,064), or COVID-19 (N = 276). We found differences in days from onset to presentation among influenza (2 days [interquartile range: 1-3]), dengue (3 days [2-4]), and COVID-19 cases (4 days [2-7]; P < 0.001). Cough (aOR: 0.12 [95% CI: 0.07-0.19]) and shortness of breath (0.18 [0.08-0.44]) were less common in dengue compared with COVID-19. Facial flushing (20.6 [9.8-43.5]) and thrombocytopenia (24.4 [13.3-45.0]) were more common in dengue. Runny nose was more common in influenza compared with COVID-19 (8.3 [5.8-12.1]). In summary, cough, shortness of breath, facial flushing, and thrombocytopenia helped distinguish between dengue and COVID-19. Although few features distinguished influenza from COVID-19, presentation > 4 days after symptom onset suggests COVID-19. These findings may assist clinicians making time-sensitive decisions regarding triage, isolation, and management while awaiting pathogen-specific testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M. Wong
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | | | - Laura E. Adams
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Olga Lorenzi
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico
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Moore JS, Robertson LJ, Price R, Curry G, Farnan J, Black A, Nesbit MA, McLaughlin JA, Moore T. Evaluation of the performance of a lateral flow device for quantitative detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG. CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY COMMUNICATIONS 2022; 2:130-135. [PMID: 38013966 PMCID: PMC9472806 DOI: 10.1016/j.clicom.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The AbC-19™ lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) performance was evaluated on plasma samples from a SARS-CoV-2 vaccination cohort, WHO international standards for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG (human), individuals ≥2 weeks from infection of RT-PCR confirmed SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants, as well as microorganism serology. METHODS Pre-vaccination to three weeks post-booster samples were collected from a cohort of 111 patients (including clinically extremely vulnerable patients) from Northern Ireland. All patients received Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccination for the first and second dose, and Pfizer-BioNTech for the third (first booster). WHO international standards, 15 samples from 2 variants of concern (Delta and Omicron) and cross-reactivity with plasma samples from other microorganism infections were also assessed on AbC-19™. RESULTS All 80 (100%) participants sampled post-booster had high positive IgG responses, compared to 38/95 (40%) participants at 6 months post-first vaccination. WHO standard results correlated with information from corresponding biological data sheets, and antibodies to all genetic variants were detected by LFIA. No cross-reactivity was found with exception of one (of five) Dengue virus samples. CONCLUSION These findings suggest BNT162b2 booster vaccination enhanced humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 from pre-booster levels, and that this antibody response was detectable by the LFIA. In combination with cross-reactivity, standards and genetic variant results would suggest LFIA may be a cost-effective measure to assess SARS-CoV-2 antibody status.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Moore
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Integrated Diagnostics Laboratory, Ulster University, 3-5a Frederick St, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - L J Robertson
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Integrated Diagnostics Laboratory, Ulster University, 3-5a Frederick St, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - R Price
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - G Curry
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Integrated Diagnostics Laboratory, Ulster University, 3-5a Frederick St, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - J Farnan
- The Group Surgery, 257 North Queen Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - A Black
- The Group Surgery, 257 North Queen Street, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - M A Nesbit
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Integrated Diagnostics Laboratory, Ulster University, 3-5a Frederick St, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - J A McLaughlin
- Integrated Diagnostics Laboratory, Ulster University, 3-5a Frederick St, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bioengineering Centre, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - T Moore
- Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Integrated Diagnostics Laboratory, Ulster University, 3-5a Frederick St, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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Machado MEA, Kimura E. Coinfection and cross-reaction of dengue and COVID-19: a case series analysis. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2022; 55:e02432022. [PMID: 36287508 PMCID: PMC9592094 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0243-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of possible cross-reactions between serological tests, together with the clinical similarities between dengue fever and COVID-19, can delay diagnosis and increase the risk of both COVID-19 transmission and worsening. The present study aimed to determine the possibility of cross-reactions among rapid serological tests based on clinical symptoms. METHODS Patients with COVID-19, confirmed by RT-PCR and clinical criteria for diagnosing dengue, were recruited consecutively between September 2020 and August 2021 and underwent rapid immunochromatographic diagnostic (RID) tests for AgNS1, IgM, and IgG. Patients who tested positive for acute-phase dengue IgM and AgNS1 underwent a follow-up test after 12-30 days for diagnostic confirmation. RESULTS A total of 43 patients were included, 38 of whom required hospital admission, and 8 received intensive care. Seven patients tested positive on the RID tests, comprising 2 NS1 positive (coinfection), one reactive for IgM and IgG (coinfection), three reactive for IgM not confirmed (false-positive), and one reactive for IgG due to previous infection. Two of the 3 patients with coinfection died. Fever, myalgia, headache, and cough were the most common clinical symptoms, while lymphopenia was the most prevalent laboratory finding. CONCLUSIONS Cross-reactivity was found in only three patients and coinfection in another three patients, two of whom died of severe COVID-19 manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Emilia Avelar Machado
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Medicina, Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Gestão, Tecnologia e Inovação em Urgência e Emergência, Maringá, PR, Brasil., Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Medicina, Maringá, PR, Brasil
| | - Elza Kimura
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Medicina, Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Gestão, Tecnologia e Inovação em Urgência e Emergência, Maringá, PR, Brasil., Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Farmácia, Maringá, PR, Brasil
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Restoration of vascular endothelial integrity by mesenchymal stromal/stem cells in debilitating virus diseases. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1633-1639. [PMID: 36068397 PMCID: PMC9447969 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00785-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is one of the key cornerstone complications of emerging and re-emerging viruses which lead to vascular leakage and a high mortality rate. The mechanism that regulates the origin of endothelial dysregulation is not completely elucidated. Currently, there are no potential pharmacological treatments and curable management for such diseases. In this sense, mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) has been emerging to be a promising therapeutic strategy in restoring endothelial barrier function in various lung disease, including ALI and ARDS. The mechanism of the role of MSCs in restoring endothelial integrity among single-strand RNA (ssRNA) viruses that target endothelial cells remains elusive. Thus, we have discussed the therapeutic role of MSCs in restoring vascular integrity by (i) inhibiting the metalloprotease activity thereby preventing the cleavage of tight junction proteins, which are essential for maintaining membrane integrity (ii) possessing antioxidant properties which neutralize the excessive ROS production due to virus infection and its associated hyper host immune response (iii) modulating micro RNAs that regulate the endothelial activation and its integrity by downregulating the inflammatory response during ssRNA infection.
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Islam A, Cockcroft C, Elshazly S, Ahmed J, Joyce K, Mahfuz H, Islam T, Rashid H, Laher I. Coagulopathy of Dengue and COVID-19: Clinical Considerations. Trop Med Infect Dis 2022; 7:tropicalmed7090210. [PMID: 36136621 PMCID: PMC9500638 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed7090210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction commonly occur in both dengue and COVID-19 and are related to clinical outcomes. Coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways are activated during an acute dengue infection, and endothelial dysfunction is observed in severe dengue. On the other hand, COVID-19 is characterised by a high prevalence of thrombotic complications, where bleeding is rare and occurs only in advanced stages of critical illness; here thrombin is the central mediator that activates endothelial cells, and elicits a pro-inflammatory reaction followed by platelet aggregation. Serological cross-reactivity may occur between COVID-19 and dengue infection. An important management aspect of COVID-19-induced immunothrombosis associated with thrombocytopenia is anticoagulation with or without aspirin. In contrast, the use of aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and anticoagulants is contraindicated in dengue. Mild to moderate dengue infections are treated with supportive therapy and paracetamol for fever. Severe infection such as dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome often require escalation to higher levels of support in a critical care facility. The role of therapeutic platelet transfusion is equivocal and should not be routinely used in patients with dengue with thrombocytopaenia and mild bleeding. The use of prophylactic platelet transfusion in dengue fever has strained financial and healthcare systems in endemic areas, together with risks of transfusion-transmitted infections in low- and middle-income countries. There is a clear research gap in the management of dengue with significant bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Islam
- Department of Haematology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
- Department of Haematology, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 3NS, UK
- Correspondence:
| | - Christopher Cockcroft
- Department of Haematology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
| | - Shereen Elshazly
- Department of Haematology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
- Adult Haemato-Oncology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Ainshams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Javeed Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
| | - Kevin Joyce
- Department of Haematology, Mid & South Essex University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Prittlewell Chase, Westcliff-on-Sea SS0 0RY, UK
| | - Huque Mahfuz
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Combined Military Hospital, Dhaka 1206, Bangladesh
| | - Tasbirul Islam
- Department of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Indiana School of Medicine, Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Harunor Rashid
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, The Children’s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Sydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Ismail Laher
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Colombia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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13
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Acosta-Pérez T, Rodríguez-Yánez T, Almanza-Hurtado A, Martínez-Ávila MC, Dueñas-Castell C. Dynamics of dengue and SARS-COV-2 co-infection in an endemic area of Colombia. Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines 2022; 8:12. [PMID: 35568905 PMCID: PMC9107342 DOI: 10.1186/s40794-022-00169-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the COVID-19 outbreak, millions of people have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 around the world. An area of epidemiological relevance is Latin America, tropical regions, due to the distribution of endemic diseases such as chikungunya, dengue (DENV), malaria, Zika virus, where febrile disease abounds. The early signs and symptoms of DENV and COVID-19 could be similar, making it a risk that patients may be wrongly diagnosed early during the disease. The problem increases since COVID-19 infection can lead to false positives in DENV screening tests. We present two cases of acute undifferentiated febrile syndrome that were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 and DENV co-infection, confirmed by ELISA and RT-PCR for both viral pathogens. The occurrence of simultaneous or overlapped infections can alter the usual clinical course, severity, or outcome of each infection. Therefore, epidemiological surveillance and intensified preparation for those scenarios must be considered, as well as further studies should be done to address cases of co-infection promptly to avoid major complications and fatal outcomes during the current pandemic. Other endemic tropical diseases should not be neglected.
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14
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Aguiar LA, Oliveira-Scussel ACDM, Menezes JCD, Idaló PB, Freitas LÉGD, Zago LBR, Oliveira CDCHBD, Tavares NC, Oliveira EJD, Silva MVD, Teixeira LDAS. Pulmonary hemorrhage in dengue: differential diagnosis with acute viral respiratory syndromes including COVID-19. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2022; 64:e13. [PMID: 35170714 PMCID: PMC8845441 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-9946202264013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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15
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Ferdous A, Hossain MM, Afrin M, Shirin M. Dengue With COVID-19: Associated With Co-infection and Multiple Organ Dysfunction in a Child. Cureus 2021; 13:e20763. [PMID: 34987943 PMCID: PMC8716121 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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16
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Klein M, Dao V, Khan F. A Review of Platelet-Activating Factor As a Potential Contributor to Morbidity and Mortality Associated with Severe COVID-19. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2021; 27:10760296211051764. [PMID: 34755565 PMCID: PMC8586171 DOI: 10.1177/10760296211051764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The precise mechanisms of pathology in severe COVID-19 remains elusive. Current evidence suggests that inflammatory mediators are responsible for the manifestation of clinical symptoms that precedes a fatal response to infection. This review examines the nature of platelet activating factor and emphasizes the similarities between the physiological effects of platelet activating factor and the clinical complications of severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Klein
- 20040Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA.,University of Minnesota, MN, USA
| | - Vinh Dao
- 20040Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
| | - Fatima Khan
- 20040Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA.,University of Minnesota, MN, USA
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17
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Ferdous A, Hossain MM, Afrin M. Severe Dengue With Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Due to COVID-19: A Co-infection Case Series. Cureus 2021; 13:e19516. [PMID: 34926034 PMCID: PMC8654339 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.19516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe dengue with the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) can be difficult to diagnose as both diseases have similar symptoms and laboratory findings. Bangladesh is currently facing a double burden of severe dengue and SARS-CoV-2 infection. Co-infection with these viruses can result in severe morbidity. Worldwide this co-infection is rare. However, we present five cases of severe dengue with possible MIS-C due to SARS-CoV-2 infection in children. All the children presented with shock with variable degrees of plasma leakage. Mucocutaneous and gastrointestinal involvement were common. All tested positive for dengue nonstructural protein 1 antigen on the second to the third day of fever and tested positive for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Echocardiographic evaluation in all patients showed coronary arterial abnormalities. Cardiac enzymes were abnormal, and there were raised inflammatory markers and abnormal coagulation profiles. One patient had neurological involvement and needed mechanical ventilatory support. All cases were successfully managed according to dengue shock syndrome guidelines and required intravenous immunoglobulin with prednisolone, aspirin, and in some cases, enoxaparin for the management of coronary arterial involvements, which is not a documented feature for severe dengue infection, but typically found in MIS-C due to SARS-CoV-2 infection or Kawasaki disease. This case series aims to describe the possibility of co-infection of severe dengue with MIS-C due to SARS-CoV-2 infection in a dengue-endemic region during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and alternatively, dengue virus as an unusual etiology for Kawasaki disease was also entertained. Severe dengue in endemic regions can coexist with COVID-19 during an outbreak, making it hard to diagnose. It can be fatal without early, appropriate management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anima Ferdous
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Universal Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | - M Monir Hossain
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Universal Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
| | - Manifa Afrin
- Pediatric Medicine, Universal Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, BGD
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18
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Gupta S, Arora S, Gupta M, Jesrani G. Dengue Myocarditis Complicated by COVID-19: A Case Report on Dual Viral Infection. Cureus 2021; 13:e17076. [PMID: 34522553 PMCID: PMC8429802 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.17076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
During the ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is crucial for clinicians to have an insight into the emerging co-infections. As the dengue virus (DENV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have related symptomatology, a high index of suspicion is required for prompt diagnosis of concurrent infections involving these two pathogens, especially in the areas endemic for tropical diseases, i.e., dengue fever (DF), malaria, enteric fever, chikungunya, leptospirosis, etc. In this report, we present the case of a middle-aged man from Northern India, who had DF with myocarditis, and was simultaneously found to have COVID-19 co-infection. The patient was managed as per the COVID-19 protocol and had a favorable outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Gupta
- General Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Shreya Arora
- General Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Monica Gupta
- General Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, IND
| | - Gautam Jesrani
- General Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, IND
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19
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SARS CoV-2 & DENV Co-Infection: Indian perspectives. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2021; 16:1769-1771. [PMID: 34344496 PMCID: PMC8529349 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2021.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS CoV-2) and Dengue virus (DENV) Coinfection can be a pertinent issue in a country like India, where Dengue is endemic, and Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is also reported from all states of the country. The coinfection of these viruses has already been reported in different dengue‐endemic countries like Singapore, Thailand, and Bangladesh. The outcome and the dynamics of each of the diseases may be altered in the presence of coinfection. We highlighted the critical characteristic similarities and differences between COVID-19 and Dengue infection & the specific point, which may challenge diagnosing and managing these coinfections. COVID-19 and Dengue coinfection can be deadly in combination with an atypical presentation, providing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. A high index of suspicion, early recognition of symptoms, and warning signs are vital to prevent double jeopardy.
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20
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Potential Misdiagnosis between COVID-19 and Dengue Infection Using Rapid Serological Test. Infect Dis Rep 2021; 13:540-551. [PMID: 34200159 PMCID: PMC8293083 DOI: 10.3390/idr13020050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic that has a significant rapid transmission is an international public health concern. Several dengue-endemic countries reported similar clinical and laboratory features between COVID-19 and dengue in the early incubation period, and thus discerning the infection is difficult. As a dengue-endemic country, Indonesia also poses the same challenge during the COVID-19 outbreak. This current study analyzed the IgG and IgM profiles from COVID-19 patients by using a serological SARS-CoV-2 and dengue rapid test. In addition, 38 sera from healthy individuals (pre-COVID-19 date) were analyzed using a dengue rapid test. Among 120 samples, 4 samples indicated dengue IgG positive. However, IgM, NS1, and RT-PCR analyses showed negative results. Interestingly, regarding seropositivity of NS1 and DENV IgG from healthy individuals (pre COVID-19 infection), two samples were positive DENV IgG, while one of them was positive NS1. This suggested that in the dengue-endemic area, many people have already experienced dengue and have immunity against dengue virus. There is also the possibility of antibody cross-reactivity between COVID-19 and dengue infection. This also emphasizes the high demand for a rapid method with high sensitivity and specificity that can distinguish between SARS-CoV-2 and dengue.
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21
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Lytton SD, Yeasmin M, Ghosh AK, Bulbul MRH, Molla MMA, Herr M, Duchmann H, Sharif MM, Nafisa T, Amin MR, Hosen N, Rahman MT, Islam S, Islam A, Shamsuzzaman AKM. Detection of Anti-Nucleocapsid Antibody in COVID-19 Patients in Bangladesh Is not Correlated with Previous Dengue Infection. Pathogens 2021; 10:637. [PMID: 34067281 PMCID: PMC8224749 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10060637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The assessment of antibody responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 is potentially confounded by exposures to flaviviruses. The aims of the present research were to determine whether anti-dengue antibodies affect the viral load and the detection of anti-coronavirus nucleocapsid (N)-protein antibodies in coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Bangladesh. METHODS Viral RNA was evaluated in swab specimens from 115 COVID-19 patients by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rT-PCR). The anti-N-protein antibodies, anti-dengue virus E-protein antibodies and the dengue non-structural protein-1 were determined in serum from 115 COVID-19 patients, 30 acute dengue fever pre-COVID-19 pandemic and nine normal controls by ELISA. RESULTS The concentrations of viral RNA in the nasopharyngeal; Ct median (95% CI); 22 (21.9-23.3) was significantly higher than viral RNA concentrations in oropharyngeal swabs; and 29 (27-30.5) p < 0.0001. Viral RNA concentrations were not correlated with-dengue IgG levels. The anti-nucleocapsid antibodies were IgA 27% positive and IgG 35% positive at days 1 to 8 post-onset of COVID-19 symptoms versus IgA 0% and IgG 0% in dengue patients, p < 0.0001. The levels of anti- nucleocapsid IgA or IgG versus the levels of anti-dengue IgM or IgG revealed no significant correlations. CONCLUSIONS Viral RNA and anti-nucleocapsid antibodies were detected in COVID-19 patients from dengue-endemic regions of Bangladesh, independently of the dengue IgG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmuda Yeasmin
- National Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Referral Center, Sher E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.Y.); (M.M.A.M.); (T.N.); (N.H.); (A.K.M.S.)
| | - Asish Kumar Ghosh
- Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (A.K.G.); (M.M.S.); (M.R.A.)
| | | | - Md. Maruf Ahmed Molla
- National Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Referral Center, Sher E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.Y.); (M.M.A.M.); (T.N.); (N.H.); (A.K.M.S.)
| | - Martha Herr
- NovaTec Immundiagnostica GmbH, 63128 Dietzenbach, Germany; (M.H.); (H.D.)
| | - Helmut Duchmann
- NovaTec Immundiagnostica GmbH, 63128 Dietzenbach, Germany; (M.H.); (H.D.)
| | - Md. Mohiuddin Sharif
- Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (A.K.G.); (M.M.S.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Tasnim Nafisa
- National Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Referral Center, Sher E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.Y.); (M.M.A.M.); (T.N.); (N.H.); (A.K.M.S.)
| | - Md. Robed Amin
- Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh; (A.K.G.); (M.M.S.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Nur Hosen
- National Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Referral Center, Sher E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.Y.); (M.M.A.M.); (T.N.); (N.H.); (A.K.M.S.)
| | - Md. Tanvir Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.T.R.); (A.I.)
| | - Sumaiya Islam
- Bangladesh Medical College and Hospital, 14/A Dhanmondi, Dhaka 1209, Bangladesh;
| | - Alimul Islam
- Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; (M.T.R.); (A.I.)
| | - Abul Khair Mohammad Shamsuzzaman
- National Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Referral Center, Sher E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.Y.); (M.M.A.M.); (T.N.); (N.H.); (A.K.M.S.)
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22
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Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children: A Mimicker of Severe Dengue. Indian J Pediatr 2021; 88:486-487. [PMID: 33095394 PMCID: PMC7581688 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-020-03550-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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23
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Hilmy AI, Dey RK, Imad HA, Yoosuf AA, Nazeem A, Latheef AA. Coronavirus disease 2019 and dengue: two case reports. J Med Case Rep 2021; 15:171. [PMID: 33771221 PMCID: PMC7995386 DOI: 10.1186/s13256-021-02707-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The pandemic of this century has overwhelmed the healthcare systems of affected countries, and all resources have been diverted to coronavirus disease 2019. At the onset, coronavirus disease 2019 can present as any other acute febrile undifferentiated illness. In tropical regions, clinicians are increasingly challenged to differentiate these febrile illnesses without the use of diagnostics. With this pandemic, many of these tropical diseases are neglected and go underreported. Dengue is holoendemic in the Maldives, and dengue viruses circulate throughout the year. Reports about coinfections with dengue virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 are scarce, and the outcome and the dynamics of the disease may be altered in the presence of coinfection. We have described the clinical manifestation and serial laboratory profile, and highlighted the atypical findings uncommon in dengue infection. Case presentation Case 1 was a 39-year old Asian male, presented on day 6 of dengue infection with warning signs. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 that was done as per hospital protocol was found to be positive. Case 2 was a 38-year old Asian male, was admitted on day 5 of illness with symptoms of acute respiratory infection with positive reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Evaluation of progressive leukopenia and thrombocytopenia showed positive dengue serology. Conclusion Clinicians must be conscientious when working on the differential diagnosis of possible tropical diseases in cases of coronavirus disease 2019, specifically, when patients develop hemoconcentration, thrombocytopenia, and transaminitis with elevated expression of aspartate higher than alanine transaminase, which is frequently observed in dengue infection. Caution must be taken during the administration of intravenous fluids when treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and dengue coinfection, as coronavirus disease 2019 patients are more prone to develop pulmonary edema. Timely diagnosis and appropriate management are essential to avoid the devastating complications of severe forms of dengue infection. It is important to repeat and reconfirm the dengue serology in coronavirus disease 2019 patients to avoid false positivity. Diligence and care must be taken not to neglect other endemic tropical diseases in the region during the present pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Isneen Hilmy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Indira Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Male' 20002, Maldives.
| | - Rajib Kumar Dey
- Department of Internal Medicine, Indira Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Male' 20002, Maldives
| | - Hisham Ahmed Imad
- Mahidol-Osaka Center for Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.,Department of Viral Infections, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Abdul Azeez Yoosuf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Indira Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Male' 20002, Maldives
| | - Ali Nazeem
- Department of Internal Medicine, Indira Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Male' 20002, Maldives
| | - Ali Abdulla Latheef
- Department of Internal Medicine, Indira Gandhi Memorial Hospital, Male' 20002, Maldives.,Technical Advisory Group, Health Emergency Operation Center, Male' 20002, Maldives
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24
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Tsheten T, Wangchuk S, Wangmo D, Clements ACA, Gray DJ, Wangdi K. COVID-19 Response and Lessons Learned on Dengue Control in Bhutan. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:502-504. [PMID: 33095868 PMCID: PMC7665684 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tsheten Tsheten
- Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
- Royal Centre for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Sonam Wangchuk
- Royal Centre for Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Thimphu, Bhutan
| | | | - Archie C A Clements
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
- Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Nedlands, Australia
| | - Darren J Gray
- Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Kinley Wangdi
- Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
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25
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Barh D, Tiwari S, Andrade BS, Weener ME, Góes-Neto A, Azevedo V, Ghosh P, Blum K, Ganguly NK. A novel multi-omics-based highly accurate prediction of symptoms, comorbid conditions, and possible long-term complications of COVID-19. Mol Omics 2021; 17:317-337. [PMID: 33683246 DOI: 10.1039/d0mo00189a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Comprehensive clinical pictures, comorbid conditions, and long-term complications of COVID-19 are still unknown. Recently, using a multi-omics-based strategy, we predicted potential drugs for COVID-19 with ∼70% accuracy. Herein, using a novel multi-omics-based bioinformatic approach and three ways of analysis, we identified the symptoms, comorbid conditions, and short-, mid-, and possible long-term complications of COVID-19 with >90% precision including 27 parent, 170 child, and 403 specific conditions. Among the specific conditions, 36 viral, 53 short-term, 62 short-mid-long-term, 194 mid-long-term, and 57 congenital conditions are identified. At a threshold "count of occurrence" of 4, we found that 83-100% (average 92.67%) of enriched conditions are associated with COVID-19. Except for dry cough and loss of taste, all the other COVID-19-associated mild and severe symptoms are enriched. CVDs, and pulmonary, metabolic, musculoskeletal, neuropsychiatric, kidney, liver, and immune system disorders are top comorbid conditions. Specific diseases like myocardial infarction, hypertension, COPD, lung injury, diabetes, cirrhosis, mood disorders, dementia, macular degeneration, chronic kidney disease, lupus, arthritis, etc. along with several other NCDs were found to be top candidates. Interestingly, many cancers and congenital disorders associated with COVID-19 severity are also identified. Arthritis, gliomas, diabetes, psychiatric disorders, and CVDs having a bidirectional relationship with COVID-19 are also identified as top conditions. Based on our accuracy (>90%), the long-term presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in human, and our "genetic remittance" assumption, we hypothesize that all the identified top-ranked conditions could be potential long-term consequences in COVID-19 survivors, warranting long-term observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debmalya Barh
- Centre for Genomics and Applied Gene Technology, Institute of Integrative Omics and Applied Biotechnology (IIOAB), Nonakuri, Purba Medinipur, WB, India.
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26
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Seeherman S, Suzuki YJ. Viral Infection and Cardiovascular Disease: Implications for the Molecular Basis of COVID-19 Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041659. [PMID: 33562193 PMCID: PMC7914972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The current pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). While this respiratory virus only causes mild symptoms in younger healthy individuals, elderly people and those with cardiovascular diseases such as systemic hypertension are susceptible to developing severe conditions that can be fatal. SARS-CoV-2 infection is also associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial injury, acute coronary syndrome, and thromboembolism. Understanding the mechanisms of the effects of this virus on the cardiovascular system should thus help develop therapeutic strategies to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Since this virus causes severe and fatal conditions in older individuals with cardiovascular comorbidities, effective therapies targeting specific populations will likely contribute to ending this pandemic. In this review article, the effects of various viruses—including other coronaviruses, influenza, dengue, and human immunodeficiency virus—on the cardiovascular system are described to help provide molecular mechanisms of pathologies associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19. The goal is to provide mechanistic information from the biology of other viral infections in relation to cardiovascular pathologies for the purpose of developing improved vaccines and therapeutic agents effective in preventing and/or treating the acute and long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Seeherman
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA 16509, USA;
| | - Yuichiro J. Suzuki
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA
- Correspondence:
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Sil BK, Jahan N, Haq MA, Oishee MJ, Ali T, Khandker SS, Kobatake E, Mie M, Khondoker MU, Jamiruddin MR, Adnan N. Development and performance evaluation of a rapid in-house ELISA for retrospective serosurveillance of SARS-CoV-2. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0246346. [PMID: 33529223 PMCID: PMC7853452 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the ongoing pandemic situation of COVID-19, serological tests can complement the molecular diagnostic methods, and can be one of the important tools of sero-surveillance and vaccine evaluation. AIM To develop and evaluate a rapid SARS-CoV-2 specific ELISA for detection of anti-SARS-CoV2 IgG from patients' biological samples. METHODS In order to develop this ELISA, three panels of samples (n = 184) have been used: panel 1 (n = 19) and panel 2 (n = 60) were collected from RT-PCR positive patients within 14 and after 14 days of onset of clinical symptoms, respectively; whereas panel 3 consisted of negative samples (n = 105) collected either from healthy donors or pre-pandemic dengue patients. As a capturing agent full-length SARS-CoV2 specific recombinant nucleocapsid was immobilized. Commercial SARS-CoV2 IgG kit based on chemiluminescent assay was used for the selection of samples and optimization of the assay. The threshold cut-off point, inter-assay and intra-assay variations were determined. RESULTS The incubation/reaction time was set at a total of 30 minutes with the sensitivity of 84% (95% confidence interval, CI, 60.4%, 96.6%) and 98% (95% CI, 91.1%, 100.0%), for panel 1 and 2, respectively; with overall 94.9% sensitivity (95% CI 87.5%, 98.6%). Moreover, the clinical specificity was 97.1% (95% CI, 91.9%, 99.4%) with no cross reaction with dengue samples. The overall positive and negative predictive values are 96.2% (95% CI 89.2%, 99.2%) and 96.2% (95% CI, 90.6% 99.0%), respectively. In-house ELISA demonstrated 100% positive and negative percent agreement with Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2, with Cohen's kappa value of 1.00 (very strong agreement), while comparing 13 positive and 17 negative confirmed cases. CONCLUSION The assay is rapid and can be applied as one of the early and retrospective sero-monitoring tools in all over the affected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijon Kumar Sil
- Gonoshasthaya-RNA Molecular Diagnostic & Research Center, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Microbiology, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nowshin Jahan
- Gonoshasthaya-RNA Molecular Diagnostic & Research Center, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Ahsanul Haq
- Gonoshasthaya-RNA Molecular Diagnostic & Research Center, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mumtarin Jannat Oishee
- Gonoshasthaya-RNA Molecular Diagnostic & Research Center, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Microbiology, Gono Bishwabidyalay, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tamanna Ali
- Gonoshasthaya-RNA Molecular Diagnostic & Research Center, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shahad Saif Khandker
- Gonoshasthaya-RNA Molecular Diagnostic & Research Center, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Eiry Kobatake
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Masayasu Mie
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Mohib Ullah Khondoker
- Gonoshasthaya-RNA Molecular Diagnostic & Research Center, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Gonoshasthaya Samaj Vittik Medical College, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohd. Raeed Jamiruddin
- Gonoshasthaya-RNA Molecular Diagnostic & Research Center, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nihad Adnan
- Gonoshasthaya-RNA Molecular Diagnostic & Research Center, Dhanmondi, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Masyeni S, Santoso MS, Widyaningsih PD, Asmara DW, Nainu F, Harapan H, Sasmono RT. Serological cross-reaction and coinfection of dengue and COVID-19 in Asia: Experience from Indonesia. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 102:152-154. [PMID: 33115680 PMCID: PMC7585717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Similar symptoms and laboratory findings between dengue and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pose a diagnostic challenge in some dengue-endemic countries in Asia. In this study, we reported three cases of suspected COVID-19-dengue coinfection in hospitals of Bali, Indonesia. Serological data demonstrated that patients with positive results for dengue virus (DENV) NS1 antigen and anti-dengue IgM were also reactive to COVID-19 rapid antibody tests, suggesting dengue-COVID-19 coinfection. However, two patients were later confirmed negative for SARS-COV-2 by qRT-PCR, implying a plausible cross-reactivity of anti-dengue and anti-COVID-19 antibodies in the serological test. Coinfection of dengue and COVID-19 was evident in one patient, following confirmation of SARS-COV-2 by qRT-PCR and DENV infection using the NS1 antigen serology test. This case was the first case of dengue and COVID-19 coinfection in Indonesia and revealed possible cross-reactivity between SARS-COV-2 and DENV antibodies based on rapid serological tests. Our study indicates a public health concern regarding COVID-19 and dengue detection in Indonesia as well as in other dengue-endemic countries, and it is important for these nations to manage both pathogens concurrently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Masyeni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universitas Warmadewa, Denpasar, Bali 80235, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine, Sanjiwani Hospital, Denpasar, Bali 80235, Indonesia.
| | - Marsha S Santoso
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.
| | - Putu Dyah Widyaningsih
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universitas Warmadewa, Denpasar, Bali 80235, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine, Sanjiwani Hospital, Denpasar, Bali 80235, Indonesia.
| | - Dg Wedha Asmara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universitas Warmadewa, Denpasar, Bali 80235, Indonesia; Department of Internal Medicine, Sanjiwani Hospital, Denpasar, Bali 80235, Indonesia.
| | - Firzan Nainu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia.
| | - Harapan Harapan
- Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Medical Research Unit, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Tropical Disease Centre, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia; Infectious Disease Laboratory, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia.
| | - R Tedjo Sasmono
- Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.
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Siam MHB, Nishat NH, Ahmed A, Hossain MS. Stopping the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review on the Advances of Diagnosis, Treatment, and Control Measures. J Pathog 2020; 2020:9121429. [PMID: 33133697 PMCID: PMC7588828 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9121429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With the continued spread of COVID-19 across the world, rapid diagnostic tools, readily available respurposable drugs, and prompt containment measures to control the SARS-CoV-2 infection are of paramount importance. Examples of recent advances in diagnostic tests are CRISPR technology, IgG assay, spike protein detection, and use of artificial intelligence. The gold standard reverse transcription polymerase chain (RT-PCR) has also been upgraded with point-of-care rapid tests. Supportive treatment, mechanical ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) remain the primary choice, while therapeutic options include antivirals, antiparasitics, anti-inflammatories, interferon, convalescent plasma, monoclonal antibody, hyperimmunoglobulin, RNAi, and mesenchymal stem cell therapy. Different types of vaccines such as RNA, DNA, and lentiviral, inactivated, and viral vector are in clinical trials. Moreover, rapidly deployable and easy-to-transport innovative vaccine delivery systems are also in development. As countries have started easing down on the lockdown measures, the chance for a second wave of infection demands strict and rational control policies to keep fatalities minimized. An improved understanding of the advances in diagnostic tools, treatments, vaccines, and control measures for COVID-19 can provide references for further research and aid better containment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Hasanul Banna Siam
- Biomedical Research Foundation (BRF), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nahida Hannan Nishat
- Biomedical Research Foundation (BRF), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ahsan Ahmed
- Biomedical Research Foundation (BRF), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Sorowar Hossain
- Biomedical Research Foundation (BRF), Dhaka, Bangladesh
- School of Environment and Life Science, Independent University Bangladesh (IUB), Dhaka, Bangladesh
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