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Olukanni OD, Albert AA, Farinto M, Awotula AO, Osuntoki AA. Tween-80 enhanced biodegradation of naphthalene by Klebsiella quasipneumoniae. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2023:10.1007/s10482-023-01839-8. [PMID: 37188845 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-023-01839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Accidental spillage of petroleum products and industrial activities result in various hydrocarbons in the environment. While the n-hydrocarbons are readily degraded, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are recalcitrant to natural degradation, toxic to aquatic life and are responsible for diverse health challenges in terrestrial animals; suggesting the need for faster and more eco-friendly ways of removing PAHs from the environment. In this study, the surfactant tween-80 was used to enhance a bacterium's intrinsic naphthalene biodegradation activity. Eight bacteria isolated from oil-contaminated soils were characterised using morphological and biochemical methods. The most effective strain was identified as Klebsiella quasipneumoniae using 16S rRNA gene analysis. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analyses showed that the detectable concentration of naphthalene was decreased from 500 to 157.18 μg/mL (67.4%) after 7 d in the absence of tween-80, while 99.4% removal was achieved in 3 d in the presence of tween-80 at 60 μg/mL concentration. The peaks observed in the Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum of control (naphthalene), which were absent in that of the metabolites, further established naphthalene degradation. Furthermore, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GCMS) revealed metabolites of single aromatic ring, such as 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid 4-hydroxylmethylphenol, which confirmed that the removal of naphthalene is by biodegradation. Tyrosinase induction and laccase activities suggested the involvement of these enzymes in naphthalene biodegradation by the bacterium. Conclusively, a strain of K. quasipneumoniae that can effectively remove naphthalene from contaminated environments has been isolated, and its biodegradation rate was doubled in the presence of non-ionic surfactant, tween-80.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olumide D Olukanni
- Department of Biochemistry, Redeemer's University, P.M.B. 230, Ede, Osun State, Nigeria.
| | - Anthony A Albert
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Micheal Farinto
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Ayodeji O Awotula
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural and Applied Sciences, McPherson University, P.M.B. 2094, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
| | - Akinniyi A Osuntoki
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lagos, P.M.B. 12003, Lagos, Nigeria
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Patel Y, Gupte A. Accelerated biodecolorization and detoxification of synthetic textile dye Acid Maroon V by bacterial consortium under redox mediator system. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:51. [PMID: 36685318 PMCID: PMC9845506 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03466-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of textile industrial wastewater is an important concern owing to its negative impact on the biosphere. The present study highlighted dye decolorization potential of bacterial consortium EDPA containing Enterobacter dissolvens AGYP1 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa AGYP2 in the presence of redox mediators. Rapid decolorization of Acid Maroon V (100 mg l-1) was achieved in the presence of lawsone compared to other redox mediators. The dye decolorization was best fitted with first order kinetics with higher reaction kinetics (k1 = 0.328 h-1) and regression coefficient (R2 = 0.979). The removal of dye by the consortium was 1.47 times faster in 8 h with 0.01 mM lawsone. The consortium EDPA was able to decolorize 1200 mg l-1 concentration of dye with apparent R max , K m and R max /K m values 1000 mg l-1 h-1, 5000 mg l-1 and 0.2 h-1, respectively. The lawsone-mediated system could decolorize the dye 80.44% in 10 h at the end of 11 dye spiking cycle. The superior biodecolorization of 14 different textile dyes was obtained in the presence of lawsone-mediated system. The intracellular enzyme activities of azoreductase, NADH-DCIP reductase, laccase, manganese peroxidase and lignin peroxidase increased significantly. The sequential microaerophilic-aerobic incubation resulted into 89.31% reduction of total aromatic amines. The microbial toxicity, phytotoxicity and genotoxicity measurements revealed biotransformation of toxic nature of dye Acid Maroon V into non-toxic metabolites by the action of consortium EDPA, and thus its suitability for biotreatment of dye containing industrial effluents. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-023-03466-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Patel
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Science and Humanities (CBSH), Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University (SDAU), Sardarkrushinagar, 385506 Gujarat India
| | - Akshaya Gupte
- Department of Microbiology, Natubhai V. Patel College of Pure and Applied Sciences, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120 Anand, Gujarat India
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Bacillus subtilis: As an Efficient Bacterial Strain for the Reclamation of Water Loaded with Textile Azo Dye, Orange II. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810637. [PMID: 36142543 PMCID: PMC9505759 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The azo dye orange II is used extensively in the textile sector for coloring fabrics. High concentrations of it are released into aqueous environments through textile effluents. Therefore, its removal from textile wastewater and effluents is necessary. Herein, initially, we tested 11 bacterial strains for their capabilities in the degradation of orange II dye. It was revealed in the preliminary data that B. subtilis can more potently degrade the selected dye, which was thus used in the subsequent experiments. To achieve maximum decolorization, the experimental conditions were optimized whereby maximum degradation was achieved at: a 25 ppm dye concentration, pH 7, a temperature of 35 °C, a 1000 mg/L concentration of glucose, a 1000 mg/L urea concentration, a 666.66 mg/L NaCl concentration, an incubation period of 3 days, and with hydroquinone as a redox mediator at a concentration of 66.66 mg/L. The effects of the interaction of the operational factors were further confirmed using response surface methodology, which revealed that at optimum conditions of pH 6.45, a dye concentration of 17.07 mg/L, and an incubation time of 9.96 h at 45.38 °C, the maximum degradation of orange II can be obtained at a desirability coefficient of 1, estimated using the central composite design (CCD). To understand the underlying principles of degradation of the metabolites in the aliquot mixture at the optimized condition, the study steps were extracted and analyzed using GC-MS(Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry), FTIR(Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), 1H and carbon 13 NMR(Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy). The GC-MS pattern revealed that the original dye was degraded into o-xylene and naphthalene. Naphthalene was even obtained in a pure state through silica gel column isolation and confirmed using 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic analysis. Phytotoxicity tests on Vigna radiata were also conducted and the results confirmed that the dye metabolites were less toxic than the parent dye. These results emphasize that B. subtilis should be used as a potential strain for the bioremediation of textile effluents containing orange II and other toxic azo dyes.
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Ikram M, Naeem M, Zahoor M, Rahim A, Hanafiah MM, Oyekanmi AA, Shah AB, Mahnashi MH, Al Ali A, Jalal NA, Bantun F, Sadiq A. Biodegradation of Azo Dye Methyl Red by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Optimization of Process Conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19169962. [PMID: 36011598 PMCID: PMC9408507 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19169962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Water pollution due to textile dyes is a serious threat to every life form. Bacteria can degrade and detoxify toxic dyes present in textile effluents and wastewater. The present study aimed to evaluate the degradation potential of eleven bacterial strains for azo dye methyl red. The optimum degradation efficiency was obtained using P. aeruginosa. It was found from initial screening results that P. aeruginosa is the most potent strain with 81.49% degradation activity and hence it was subsequently used in other degradation experiments. To optimize the degradation conditions, a number of experiments were conducted where only one variable was varied at a time and where maximum degradation was observed at 20 ppm dye concentration, 1666.67 mg/L glucose concentration, 666.66 mg/L sodium chloride concentration, pH 9, temperature 40 °C, 1000 mg/L urea concentration, 3 days incubation period, and 66.66 mg/L hydroquinone (redox mediator). The interactive effect of pH, incubation time, temperature, and dye concentration in a second-order quadratic optimization of process conditions was found to further enhance the biodegradation efficiency of P. aeruginosa by 88.37%. The metabolites of the aliquot mixture of the optimized conditions were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), GC-MS, proton, and carbon 13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopic techniques. FTIR results confirmed the reduction of the azo bond of methyl red. The Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) results revealed that the degraded dye contains benzoic acid and o-xylene as the predominant constituents. Even benzoic acid was isolated from the silica gel column and identified by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. These results indicated that P. aeruginosa can be utilized as an efficient strain for the detoxification and remediation of industrial wastewater containing methyl red and other azo dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ikram
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Naeem
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan 23200, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahoor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Malakand at Chakdara, Chakdara 18800, Dir Lower Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Abdur Rahim
- Department of Zoology, University of Malakand at Chakdara, Chakdara 18800, Dir Lower Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Marlia Mohd Hanafiah
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Centre for Tropical Climate Change System, Institute of Climate Change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Adeleke Abdulrahman Oyekanmi
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Bari Shah
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Mater H. Mahnashi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amer Al Ali
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Bisha, 255, Al Nakhil, Bisha 67714, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif A. Jalal
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farkad Bantun
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Sadiq
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Malakand, Chakdara 18800, Dir Lower Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
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Biological Degradation of the Azo Dye Basic Orange 2 by Escherichia coli: A Sustainable and Ecofriendly Approach for the Treatment of Textile Wastewater. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14132063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, initially 11 different bacterial strains were tested for the degradation capabilities against Basic Orange 2 dye. In initial screening with 78.90% degradation activity, Escherichia coli emerged as the most promising strain to degrade the selected dye, and was then employed in subsequent experiments. For further enhancing the degradation capability of selected bacteria, the effects of various physicochemical parameters were also evaluated. Among the tested parameters, 20 ppm dye concentration, 1666 mg/L glucose concentration, a temperature of 40 °C, 666 mg/L sodium chloride concentration, pH 7, 1000 mg/L urea concentration, a 3-day incubation period and the use of sodium benzoate as a redox mediator (666 mg/L) were found to be ideal conditions to get the highest decolorization/degradation activities. Finally, all the mentioned parameters were combined in a single set of experiments, and the decolorization capacity of the bacteria was enhanced to 89.88%. The effect of pH, dye concentration, incubation time and temperature were found to be responsible for the optimum degradation of dye (p < 0.05), as predicted from the ANOVA (analysis of variance) of the response surface methodology. The metabolites were collected after completion of the process and characterized through Fourier transform irradiation (FTIR) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). From the data obtained, a proposed mechanism was deduced where it was assumed that the azo bond of the dye was broken by the azoreductase enzyme of the bacteria, resulting in the formation of aniline and 3, 4-diaminobezeminium chloride. The aniline was then further converted to benzene by deamination by the action of the bacterial deaminase enzyme. The benzene ring, after subsequent methylation, was transformed into o-xylene, while 3, 4-diaminobezeminium chloride was converted to p-xylene by enzymatic action. These findings suggest that Escherichia coli is a capable strain to be used in the bioremediation of textile effluents containing azo dyes. However, the selected bacterial strain may need to be further investigated for other dyes as well.
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Hu CY, Cheng HY, Yao XM, Li LZ, Liu HW, Guo WQ, Yan LS, Fu JL. Biodegradation and decolourization of methyl red by Aspergillus versicolor LH1. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 51:642-649. [PMID: 33226883 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1848868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Azo dyes constitute a significant environmental burden due to its toxicity, carcinogenicity, and hard biodegradation. The report here is focused on the decolorization and degradation treatment of azo dye methyl red (MR). Decolorization of MR using Aspergillus versicolor LH1 isolated from activated sludge was investigated. The maximum decolorization rate of 92.3% was obtained under the optimized conditions of sucrose as carbon source, 5d incubation age, pH 6.0, 140 mg/L initial concentration of MR and 2.5 g/L initial concentration of NaNO3. Biodegradation products of MR were investigated using HPLC-MS, FTIR, and GC-MS assays. It was revealed the three bonds of -C-N = in MR aromatic nucleus were disrupted, and benzoic acid was detected. Micronucleus test with Glycine max L. and Vicia faba L. demonstrated that MCN‰ (micronucleus permillage) of MR metabolites was less than MR solution. These findings provided evidence that A. versicolor LH1 is a candidate for MR degradation in industrial wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Ying Hu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Hong Ying Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Xue Mei Yao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Liang Zhi Li
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Heng Wei Liu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Wei Qiang Guo
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Li Shi Yan
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, PR China
| | - Jiao Long Fu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, PR China
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