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Kugler T, Taradin G. HELICOBACTER AND HEPATOBILIARY DISEASES: UPDATE 2023. ARQUIVOS DE GASTROENTEROLOGIA 2023; 60:271-281. [PMID: 37556754 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-2803.202302023-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
•Clinical studies have shown that hepatobiliary diseases of inflammatory and neoplastic origin are associated with Helicobacter infection. •Translocation and the ascending pathway are putative mechanisms for Helicobacter spp to enter the hepatobiliary system. •H. pylori infection has a systemic effect through the activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, leukotrienes, interferon-β, interferon-γ, and acute phase proteins. •Histopathological confirmation is needed to present that H. pylori eradication prevents or improves hepatobiliary disease progression. Helicobacter Pylori (H. pylori) is one of the main infectious causes of gastroduodenal diseases, however, its role in developing different extragastric diseases has been proven. The possible involvement of H. pylori in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodegenerative, skin, and hepatobiliary diseases is suggested. The bacterium has been found in tissue samples from the liver, biliary tract, and gallstones of animals and humans. However, the role of H. pylori infection in the pathogenesis of liver and biliary diseases has not been finally established. The histopathological confirmation of the positive effect of H. pylori eradication is needed. In addition, there are discussions on the clinical significance of other Helicobacter species. The review presents the data available for and against the involvement of H. pylori in hepatobi-liary disease development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Kugler
- Donetsk National Medical University, Faculty of postgraduate education, Department of Therapy, Donetsk Oblast, Ucrânia
| | - Gennady Taradin
- Donetsk National Medical University, Faculty of postgraduate education, Department of Therapy, Donetsk Oblast, Ucrânia
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Varon C, Azzi-Martin L, Khalid S, Seeneevassen L, Ménard A, Spuul P. Helicobacters and cancer, not only gastric cancer? Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 86:1138-1154. [PMID: 34425210 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Helicobacter genus actually comprises 46 validly published species divided into two main clades: gastric and enterohepatic Helicobacters. These bacteria colonize alternative sites of the digestive system in animals and humans, and contribute to inflammation and cancers. In humans, Helicobacter infection is mainly related to H. pylori, a gastric pathogen infecting more than half of the world's population, leading to chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa that can evolve into two types of gastric cancers: gastric adenocarcinomas and gastric MALT lymphoma. In addition, H. pylori but also non-H. pylori Helicobacter infection has been associated with many extra-gastric malignancies. This review focuses on H. pylori and its role in gastric cancers and extra-gastric diseases, as well as malignancies induced by non-H. pylori Helicobacters. Their different virulence factors and their involvement in carcinogenesis is discussed. This review highlights the importance of both gastric and enterohepatic Helicobacters in gastrointestinal and liver cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Varon
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
| | - Lamia Azzi-Martin
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France; Univ. Bordeaux, UFR des Sciences Médicales, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sadia Khalid
- Tallinn University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Akadeemia RD 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Lornella Seeneevassen
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
| | - Armelle Ménard
- Univ. Bordeaux, INSERM, UMR1053 Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pirjo Spuul
- Tallinn University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Akadeemia RD 15, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.
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Kubota-Aizawa S, Matsubara Y, Kanemoto H, Mimuro H, Uchida K, Chambers J, Tsuboi M, Ohno K, Fukushima K, Kato N, Yotsuyanagi H, Tsujimoto H. Transmission of Helicobacter pylori between a human and two dogs: A case report. Helicobacter 2021; 26:e12798. [PMID: 33818862 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whereas non-Helicobacter pylori helicobacters, which are frequently detected in the stomachs of dogs and cats as a source of zoonoses, have attracted considerable attention, the role of pets in H. pylori epidemiology is unclear. In our previous study, an H. pylori infection was detected in the stomach of a dog (Dog 1). Here, we investigated the H. pylori infection status in the female offspring of Dog 1 (Dog 2) and its owner within the same household. MATERIALS AND METHODS Biopsy specimens were obtained from the dog's owner and tested for H. pylori. DNA from gastric biopsy samples of Dog 1, gastric fluid sediment of Dog 2, and bacteria from the stomach of the owner was obtained, and Helicobacter genus- and species-specific PCRs were performed. Then, sequence analyses of the partial region of the ureAB gene were conducted. RESULTS Samples from both dogs and the owner reacted positively in the genus-specific PCR and negative in the Helicobacter felis-, Helicobacter bizzozeronii-, and Helicobacter heilmannii sensu stricto-specific PCRs. All three samples also reacted positively in the H. pylori-specific PCR. Sequences of the partial ureAB gene from all subjects were identical. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that the two dogs and their owner were infected with an identical H. pylori strain. This report is the first to demonstrate that H. pylori can be transmitted between humans and dogs. Further studies are required to investigate the risk factors for the transmission of H. pylori between humans and dogs from the perspective of preventive epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanae Kubota-Aizawa
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Matsubara
- Department of General Medicine, IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Kanemoto
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hitomi Mimuro
- Department of Infection Microbiology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Infectious Diseases Control, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Uchida
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - James Chambers
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Tsuboi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohno
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenjiro Fukushima
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Department of General Medicine, IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hajime Tsujimoto
- Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Elyasi B, Rezaie A, Moori Bakhtiari N, Mosallanejad B. Helicobacter genus in the intestine and liver of stray cats: the molecular, histopathological, and immunohistochemical study. Braz J Microbiol 2020; 51:2123-2132. [PMID: 32875544 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study was designed to determine the presence of Helicobacter genus and three species of H. pylori, H. bilis, and H. canis, in the duodenum, ileum, colon, and liver of stray cats. Moreover, the histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses have been performed. METHODS Samples were taken from the duodenum, ileum, colon, and liver of 30 cats for molecular and histopathological evaluations. Polymerase chain reaction was carried out for the detection of the Helicobacter genus in the mentioned samples. Then, species-specific primers were used in Helicobacter-positive samples. RESULTS Helicobacter genus prevalence rates in the duodenum, ileum, colon, and liver samples were 50%, 60%, 50%, and 43.3%, respectively. Helicobacter pylori, H. canis, and H. bilis were isolated from at least one tissue of 18 (60%), 13 (43.3%), and 8 (26.7%) of the cats, respectively. Immunohistochemical findings confirmed the presence of bacteria in the intestinal crypt or the mucosal layer of duodenum, ileum, colon, and hepatic sinusoids. CONCLUSION In the present study, the concurrent infection of duodenum and liver was noticeable. Furthermore, the high prevalence of H. pylori in cats, as a well-known human pathogen, should be considered. High incidence of Helicobacter in gut and liver of Ahvaz stray cats is noticeable. According to the zoonotic importance of Helicobacter, more studies in the field of treatment and prevention are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boshra Elyasi
- Graduated in the doctorate of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Annahita Rezaie
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Golestan Bulvar, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Naghmeh Moori Bakhtiari
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Golestan Bulvar, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Bahman Mosallanejad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Abstract
This article is a review of the most important, accessible, and relevant literature published between April 2018 and April 2019 in the field of Helicobacter species other than Helicobacter pylori. The initial part of the review covers new insights regarding the presence of gastric and enterohepatic non-H. pylori Helicobacter species (NHPH) in humans and animals, while the subsequent section focuses on the progress in our understanding of the pathogenicity and evolution of these species. Over the last year, relatively few cases of gastric NHPH infections in humans were published, with most NHPH infections being attributed to enterohepatic Helicobacters. A novel species, designated "Helicobacter caesarodunensis," was isolated from the blood of a febrile patient and numerous cases of human Helicobacter cinaedi infections underlined this species as a true emerging pathogen. With regard to NHPH in animals, canine/feline gastric NHPH cause little or no harm in their natural host; however they can become opportunistic when translocated to the hepatobiliary tract. The role of enterohepatic Helicobacter species in colorectal tumors in pets has also been highlighted. Several studies in rodent models have further elucidated the mechanisms underlying the development of NHPH-related disease, and the extra-gastric effects of a Helicobacter suis infection on brain homeostasis was also studied. Comparative genomics facilitated a breakthrough in the evolutionary history of Helicobacter in general and NHPH in particular. Investigation of the genome of Helicobacter apodemus revealed particular traits with regard to its virulence factors. A range of compounds including mulberries, dietary fiber, ginseng, and avian eggs which target the gut microbiota have also been shown to affect Helicobacter growth, with a potential therapeutic utilization and increase in survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armelle Ménard
- INSERM, UMR1053, Bordeaux Research in Translational Oncology, BaRITOn, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Annemieke Smet
- Laboratorium of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, Department of Translational Research in Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
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