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Papagiannopoulos A, Sklapani A, Len A, Radulescu A, Pavlova E, Slouf M. Protein-induced transformation of unilamellar to multilamellar vesicles triggered by a polysaccharide. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 303:120478. [PMID: 36657851 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We report on the morphological transitions of didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) cationic vesicles and hybrid DDAB/hyaluronic acid (HA) vesicles upon addition of BSA at pH 7 where BSA is overall negatively charged. Small angle neutron scattering (SANS) is used to extract the size distributions of the nanovesicles, the thickness of the DDAB bilayers and their lamellarity. Although the HA-decorated DDAB vesicles contain the negatively charged polysaccharide the interaction with BSA appears to be more intense in comparison to bare vesicles. Characteristic peaks in the SANS patterns indicate the presence of multilamellar interfaces while the formation of multilamellar vesicles induced by BSA depends on the amount of added HA. Consequently, higher lamellarities are observed at higher BSA contents. This work demonstrates a simple methodology to tune the encapsulation of globular proteins in vesicular nanoassemblies by affecting their lamellarity and has direct implications on the application of vesicles and liposomes in protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristeidis Papagiannopoulos
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece.
| | - Aggeliki Sklapani
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Adél Len
- Centre for Energy Research, Konkoly-Thege Str., 29-33, 1121 Budapest, Hungary; University of Pécs, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, Boszorkány Str., 2, 7624 Pécs, Hungary
| | - Aurel Radulescu
- Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Outstation at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Ewa Pavlova
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Slouf
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, 16206 Prague, Czech Republic
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2
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Hirschi S, Ward TR, Meier WP, Müller DJ, Fotiadis D. Synthetic Biology: Bottom-Up Assembly of Molecular Systems. Chem Rev 2022; 122:16294-16328. [PMID: 36179355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The bottom-up assembly of biological and chemical components opens exciting opportunities to engineer artificial vesicular systems for applications with previously unmet requirements. The modular combination of scaffolds and functional building blocks enables the engineering of complex systems with biomimetic or new-to-nature functionalities. Inspired by the compartmentalized organization of cells and organelles, lipid or polymer vesicles are widely used as model membrane systems to investigate the translocation of solutes and the transduction of signals by membrane proteins. The bottom-up assembly and functionalization of such artificial compartments enables full control over their composition and can thus provide specifically optimized environments for synthetic biological processes. This review aims to inspire future endeavors by providing a diverse toolbox of molecular modules, engineering methodologies, and different approaches to assemble artificial vesicular systems. Important technical and practical aspects are addressed and selected applications are presented, highlighting particular achievements and limitations of the bottom-up approach. Complementing the cutting-edge technological achievements, fundamental aspects are also discussed to cater to the inherently diverse background of the target audience, which results from the interdisciplinary nature of synthetic biology. The engineering of proteins as functional modules and the use of lipids and block copolymers as scaffold modules for the assembly of functionalized vesicular systems are explored in detail. Particular emphasis is placed on ensuring the controlled assembly of these components into increasingly complex vesicular systems. Finally, all descriptions are presented in the greater context of engineering valuable synthetic biological systems for applications in biocatalysis, biosensing, bioremediation, or targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Hirschi
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 28, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.,Molecular Systems Engineering, National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas R Ward
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.,Molecular Systems Engineering, National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolfgang P Meier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.,Molecular Systems Engineering, National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel J Müller
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058 Basel, Switzerland.,Molecular Systems Engineering, National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dimitrios Fotiadis
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 28, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.,Molecular Systems Engineering, National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR), 4002 Basel, Switzerland
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3
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Rodrigues-Jesus MJ, Teixeira de Pinho Favaro M, Venceslau-Carvalho AA, de Castro-Amarante MF, da Silva Almeida B, de Oliveira Silva M, Andreata-Santos R, Gomes Barbosa C, Brito SCM, Freitas-Junior LH, Boscardin SB, de Souza Ferreira LC. Nano-multilamellar lipid vesicles promote the induction of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses by a protein-based vaccine formulation. NANOMEDICINE: NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2022; 45:102595. [PMID: 36031045 PMCID: PMC9420030 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The development of safe and effective vaccine formulations against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) represents a hallmark in the history of vaccines. Here we report a COVID-19 subunit vaccine based on a SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) incorporated into nano-multilamellar vesicles (NMV) associated with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA). The results based on immunization of C57BL/6 mice demonstrated that recombinant antigen incorporation into NMVs improved antibody and T-cell responses without inducing toxic effects under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. Administration of RBD-NMV-MPLA formulations modulated antigen avidity and IgG subclass responses, whereas MPLA incorporation improved the activation of CD4+/CD8+ T-cell responses. In addition, immunization with the complete vaccine formulation reduced the number of doses required to achieve enhanced serum virus-neutralizing antibody titers. Overall, this study highlights NMV/MPLA technology, displaying the performance improvement of subunit vaccines against SARS-CoV-2, as well as other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Josiane Rodrigues-Jesus
- Laboratory of Vaccine Development, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Marianna Teixeira de Pinho Favaro
- Laboratory of Vaccine Development, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Scientific Platform Pasteur/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aléxia Adrianne Venceslau-Carvalho
- Laboratory of Vaccine Development, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Scientific Platform Pasteur/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Fernanda de Castro-Amarante
- Laboratory of Vaccine Development, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Scientific Platform Pasteur/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bianca da Silva Almeida
- Laboratory of Antigen Targeting for Dendritic Cells, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariângela de Oliveira Silva
- Laboratory of Vaccine Development, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Scientific Platform Pasteur/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratory of Antigen Targeting for Dendritic Cells, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robert Andreata-Santos
- Retrovirology Laboratory, Immunology and Microbiology Department, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cecilia Gomes Barbosa
- Phenotypic Screening Platform of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samantha Carvalho Maia Brito
- Laboratory of Vaccine Development, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucio H Freitas-Junior
- Phenotypic Screening Platform of the Institute of Biomedical Sciences of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Beatriz Boscardin
- Laboratory of Antigen Targeting for Dendritic Cells, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos de Souza Ferreira
- Laboratory of Vaccine Development, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Scientific Platform Pasteur/USP, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Bumunang EW, Zaheer R, Stanford K, Laing C, Niu D, Guan LL, Chui L, Tarr GAM, McAllister TA. Genomic Analysis of Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli O157 Cattle and Clinical Isolates from Alberta, Canada. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:603. [PMID: 36136541 PMCID: PMC9505746 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14090603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin (stx) is the principal virulence factor of the foodborne pathogen, Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7 and is associated with various lambdoid bacterio (phages). A comparative genomic analysis was performed on STEC O157 isolates from cattle (n = 125) and clinical (n = 127) samples to characterize virulence genes, stx-phage insertion sites and antimicrobial resistance genes that may segregate strains circulating in the same geographic region. In silico analyses revealed that O157 isolates harboured the toxin subtypes stx1a and stx2a. Most cattle (76.0%) and clinical (76.4%) isolates carried the virulence gene combination of stx1, stx2, eae and hlyA. Characterization of stx1 and stx2-carrying phages in assembled contigs revealed that they were associated with mlrA and wrbA insertion sites, respectively. In cattle isolates, mlrA and wrbA insertion sites were occupied more often (77% and 79% isolates respectively) than in clinical isolates (38% and 1.6% isolates, respectively). Profiling of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the assembled contigs revealed that 8.8% of cattle (11/125) and 8.7% of clinical (11/127) isolates harboured ARGs. Eight antimicrobial resistance genes cassettes (ARCs) were identified in 14 isolates (cattle, n = 8 and clinical, n = 6) with streptomycin (aadA1, aadA2, ant(3'')-Ia and aph(3'')-Ib) being the most prevalent gene in ARCs. The profound disparity between the cattle and clinical strains in occupancy of the wrbA locus suggests that this trait may serve to differentiate cattle from human clinical STEC O157:H7. These findings are important for stx screening and stx-phage insertion site genotyping as well as monitoring ARGs in isolates from cattle and clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel W. Bumunang
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Rahat Zaheer
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - Kim Stanford
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1M4, Canada
| | - Chad Laing
- National Centre for Animal Disease Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Lethbridge, AB T1J 0P3, Canada
| | - Dongyan Niu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Le Luo Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P9, Canada
| | - Linda Chui
- Alberta Precisions Laboratory, Alberta Public Health, Edmonton, AB T6G 2J2, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada
| | - Gillian A. M. Tarr
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Tim A. McAllister
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
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Pan C, Yue H, Zhu L, Ma GH, Wang HL. Prophylactic vaccine delivery systems against epidemic infectious diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113867. [PMID: 34280513 PMCID: PMC8285224 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Prophylactic vaccines have evolved from traditional whole-cell vaccines to safer subunit vaccines. However, subunit vaccines still face problems, such as poor immunogenicity and low efficiency, while traditional adjuvants are usually unable to meet specific response needs. Advanced delivery vectors are important to overcome these barriers; they have favorable safety and effectiveness, tunable properties, precise location, and immunomodulatory capabilities. Nevertheless, there has been no systematic summary of the delivery systems to cover a wide range of infectious pathogens. We herein summarized and compared the delivery systems for major or epidemic infectious diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. We also included the newly licensed vaccines (e.g., COVID-19 vaccines) and those close to licensure. Furthermore, we highlighted advanced delivery systems with high efficiency, cross-protection, or long-term protection against epidemic pathogens, and we put forward prospects and thoughts on the development of future prophylactic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Hua Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, PR China
| | - Guang-Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Heng-Liang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, PR China.
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6
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Nano-multilamellar lipid vesicles loaded with a recombinant form of the chikungunya virus E2 protein improve the induction of virus-neutralizing antibodies. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2021; 37:102445. [PMID: 34303841 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is responsible for a self-limited illness that can evolve into long-lasting painful joint inflammation. In this study, we report a novel experimental CHIKV vaccine formulation of lipid nanoparticles loaded with a recombinant protein derived from the E2 structural protein. This antigen fragment, designated ∆E2.1, maintained the antigenicity of the native viral protein and was specifically recognized by antibodies induced in CHIKV-infected patients. The antigen has been formulated into nanoparticles consisting of nano-multilamellar vesicles (NMVs) combined with the adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA). The vaccine formulation demonstrated a depot effect, leading to controlled antigen release, and induced strong antibody responses significantly higher than in mice immunized with the purified protein combined with the adjuvant. More relevantly, E2-specific antibodies raised in mice immunized with ∆E2.1-loaded NMV-MPLA neutralized CHIKV under in vitro conditions. Taken together, the results demonstrated that the new nanoparticle-based vaccine formulation represents a promising approach for the development of effective anti-CHIKV vaccines.
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7
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Hwang SB, Chelliah R, Kang JE, Rubab M, Banan-MwineDaliri E, Elahi F, Oh DH. Role of Recent Therapeutic Applications and the Infection Strategies of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:614963. [PMID: 34268129 PMCID: PMC8276698 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.614963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is a global foodborne bacterial pathogen that is often accountable for colon disorder or distress. STEC commonly induces severe diarrhea in hosts but can cause critical illnesses due to the Shiga toxin virulence factors. To date, there have been a significant number of STEC serotypes have been evolved. STECs vary from nausea and hemorrhoid (HC) to possible lethal hemolytic-based uremic syndrome (HUS), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Inflammation-based STEC is usually a foodborne illness with Shiga toxins (Stx 1 and 2) thought to be pathogenesis. The STEC's pathogenicity depends significantly on developing one or more Shiga toxins, which can constrain host cell protein synthesis leading to cytotoxicity. In managing STEC infections, antimicrobial agents are generally avoided, as bacterial damage and discharge of accumulated toxins are thought the body. It has also been documented that certain antibiotics improve toxin production and the development of these species. Many different groups have attempted various therapies, including toxin-focused antibodies, toxin-based polymers, synbiotic agents, and secondary metabolites remedies. Besides, in recent years, antibiotics' efficacy in treating STEC infections has been reassessed with some encouraging methods. Nevertheless, the primary role of synbiotic effectiveness (probiotic and prebiotic) against pathogenic STEC and other enteropathogens is less recognized. Additional studies are required to understand the mechanisms of action of probiotic bacteria and yeast against STEC infection. Because of the consensus contraindication of antimicrobials for these bacterial pathogens, the examination was focused on alternative remedy strategies for STEC infections. The rise of novel STEC serotypes and approaches employed in its treatment are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-bin Hwang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Ramachandran Chelliah
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Ji Eun Kang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Momna Rubab
- School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Eric Banan-MwineDaliri
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Fazle Elahi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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8
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Favaro MTP, Rodrigues-Jesus MJ, Venceslau-Carvalho AA, Alves RPDS, Pereira LR, Pereira SS, Andreata-Santos R, de Souza Ferreira LC. Nanovaccine based on self-assembling nonstructural protein 1 boosts antibody responses to Zika virus. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2021; 32:102334. [PMID: 33188909 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembling proteins may be generated after the addition of short specific amino acid sequences at both the N- and C-terminal ends. To date, this approach has not been evaluated regarding the impact of self-assembled proteins on the induction of immune responses. In the present study, we report the application of this experimental approach to the immunogenicity of protein antigens by measuring the antibody responses in mice immunized with nanoparticles made with a recombinant form of Zika virus nonstructural protein 1 (∆NS1). The results clearly indicated that ∆NS1-derived nanoparticles (NP-∆NS1) are assembled into a 3-dimensional structure with a high degree of multimerization. While ∆NS1 proved to be a weak immunogen, immunization with NP-∆NS1 enhanced subunit vaccines' immunogenicity with improved longevity in vaccinated mice. Thus, immunization with self-assembled antigens (nanovaccines) represents a new and promising strategy to enhance NS1-specific antibodies' induction based on purified recombinant proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Teixeira Pinho Favaro
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Monica Josiane Rodrigues-Jesus
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rúbens Prince Dos Santos Alves
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lennon Ramos Pereira
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Samuel Santos Pereira
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robert Andreata-Santos
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís Carlos de Souza Ferreira
- Vaccine Development Laboratory, Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Zaheer T, Pal K, Zaheer I. Topical review on nano-vaccinology: Biochemical promises and key challenges. Process Biochem 2021; 100:237-244. [PMID: 33013180 PMCID: PMC7521878 DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have wide-ranging biomedical applications in prevention, treatment and control of diseases. Nanoparticle based vaccines have proven prodigious prophylaxis of various infectious and non-infectious diseases of human and animal concern. Nano-vaccines outnumber the conventional vaccines by virtue of plasticity in physio-chemical properties and ease of administration. The efficacy of nano-based vaccines may be attributed to the improved antigen stability, minimum immuno-toxicity, sustained release, enhanced immunogenicity and the flexibility of physical features of nanoparticles. Based on these, the nano-based vaccines have potential to evoke both cellular and humoral immune responses. Targeted and highly specific immunological pathways required for solid and long lasting immunity may be achieved with specially engineered nano-vaccines. This review presents an insight into the prevention of infectious diseases (of bacterial, viral and parasitic origin) and non-infectious diseases (cancer, auto-immune diseases) using nano-vaccinology. Additionally, key challenges to the effective utilization of nano-vaccines from bench to clinical settings have been highlighted as research domains for future.
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Key Words
- CAPN, calcium-phosphate nanoparticles
- CNT, carbon nanotube
- COVID-19, Corona virus disease-2019
- Chi-Alg, chitosan alginate
- HIV, human immune deficiency virus
- HPV, human papilloma virus
- ISCOMS, immune stimulating complexes
- IgA, immunoglobulin A
- Immunity
- MERS, Middle-East respiratory syndrome
- MRSA, methcillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
- NMVs, nano multilamellar lipid vesicles
- Nanoparticles
- PLGA, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)
- PSNP, polystyrene nanoparticles
- Pathogens
- Prevention
- SAPN, Self-Assembling Protein Nanoparticle
- SARS-CoV-1, severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-1
- VLP, virus like particles
- Vaccine
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Affiliation(s)
- Tean Zaheer
- Department of Parasitology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Kaushik Pal
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro RJ, 21941-901, Brazil
- Wuhan University, 8 East Lake South Road, Wuchang 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Iqra Zaheer
- Department of Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
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10
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Kehl A, Kuhn R, Detzner J, Steil D, Müthing J, Karch H, Mellmann A. Modeling Native EHEC Outer Membrane Vesicles by Creating Synthetic Surrogates. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8050673. [PMID: 32384757 PMCID: PMC7284840 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a zoonotic pathogen responsible for life-threating diseases such as hemolytic uremic syndrome. While its major virulence factor, the Shiga toxin (Stx), is known to exert its cytotoxic effect on various endothelial and epithelial cells when in its free, soluble form, Stx was also recently found to be associated with EHEC outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). However, depending on the strain background, other toxins can also be associated with native OMVs (nOMVs), and nOMVs are also made up of immunomodulatory agents such as lipopolysaccharides and flagellin. Thus, it is difficult to determine to which extent a single virulence factor in nOMVs, such as Stx, contributes to the molecular pathogenesis of EHEC. To reduce this complexity, we successfully developed a protocol for the preparation of synthetic OMVs (sOMVs) with a defined lipid composition resembling the E. coli outer membrane and loaded with specific proteins, i.e., bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a proxy for functional Stx2a. Using BSA for parameter evaluation, we found that (1) functional sOMVs can be prepared at room temperature instead of potentially detrimental higher temperatures (e.g., 45 °C), (2) a 1:10 ratio of protein to lipid, i.e., 100 µg protein with 1 mg of lipid mixture, yields homogenously sized sOMVs, and (3) long-term storage for up to one year at 4 °C is possible without losing structural integrity. Accordingly, we reproducibly generated Stx2a-loaded sOMVs with an average diameter of 132.4 ± 9.6 nm that preserve Stx2a’s injuring activity, as determined by cytotoxicity assays with Vero cells. Overall, we successfully created sOMVs and loaded them with an EHEC toxin, which opens the door for future studies on the degree of virulence associated with individual toxins from EHEC and other bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kehl
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (R.K.); (J.D.); (D.S.); (J.M.); (H.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (A.M.); Tel.: +49-(0)251-83-55233 (A.K.); +49-(0)251-83-55361 (A.M.)
| | - Ronja Kuhn
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (R.K.); (J.D.); (D.S.); (J.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Johanna Detzner
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (R.K.); (J.D.); (D.S.); (J.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Daniel Steil
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (R.K.); (J.D.); (D.S.); (J.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (R.K.); (J.D.); (D.S.); (J.M.); (H.K.)
| | - Helge Karch
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (R.K.); (J.D.); (D.S.); (J.M.); (H.K.)
- National Consulting Laboratory for Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander Mellmann
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany; (R.K.); (J.D.); (D.S.); (J.M.); (H.K.)
- National Consulting Laboratory for Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS), University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Correspondence: (A.K.); (A.M.); Tel.: +49-(0)251-83-55233 (A.K.); +49-(0)251-83-55361 (A.M.)
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A multilamellar nanoliposome stabilized by interlayer hydrogen bonds increases antimalarial drug efficacy. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2019; 22:102099. [PMID: 31648039 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.102099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Lipid particles for drug delivery can be modified to create multilayer vesicles with higher stability and improved cargo interaction. Here, we used lipids capable of forming hydrogen bonds instead of covalent bonds and designed stable vesicles-inside-vesicles with a high capacity of entrapping antimalarial drugs such as chloroquine (hydrophilic) and Artemisinin (lipophilic). In vitro treatment of the drug-sensitive P. falciparum strain NF54 showed that encapsulated drugs resulted in 72% and 60% lower IC50 values for each drug, respectively. Fluorochrome-labeling of a cargo-peptide or of membrane-resident lipids indicated that vesicles interacted more specifically with parasite-infected erythrocytes than with normal red blood cells. Accordingly, vesicle-confined chloroquine was able to elicit a stronger antiparasitic effect than free chloroquine in a lethal murine model of infection. Being permissive not only to small molecules but also to larger peptides, hydrogen-bond linked multilamellar liposomes are a very promising approach for enhanced drug delivery.
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