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Yu X, Min H, Yao S, Yao G, Zhang D, Zhang B, Chen M, Liu F, Cui L, Zheng L, Cao Y. Evaluation of different types of adjuvants in a malaria transmission-blocking vaccine. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111817. [PMID: 38460299 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Adjuvants are critical components for vaccines, which enhance the strength and longevity of the antibody response and influence the types of immune response. Limited research has been conducted on the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of various adjuvants in malaria transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs). In this study, we formulated a promising TBV candidate antigen, the P. berghei ookinete surface antigen PSOP25, with different types of adjuvants, including the TLR4 agonist monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), the TLR9 agonist cytosine phosphoguanosine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN 1826) (CpG), a saponin adjuvant QS-21, aluminum hydroxide (Alum), and two combination adjuvants MPLA + QS-21 and QS-21 + CpG. We demonstrated that adjuvanted vaccines results in elevated elicited antibody levels, increased proliferation of plasma cells, and efficient formation of germinal centers (GCs), leading to enhanced long-term protective immune responses. Furthermore, CpG group exhibited the most potent inhibition of ookinete formation and transmission-blocking activity. We found that the rPSOP25 with CpG adjuvant was more effective than MPLA, QS-21, MPLA + QS-21, QS-21 + CpG adjuvants in dendritic cells (DCs) activation and differentiation. Additionally, the CpG adjuvant elicited more rubust immune memory response than Alum adjuvant. CpG and QS-21 adjuvants could activate the Th1 response and promote the secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α. PSOP25 induced a higher number of Tfh cells in splenocytes when combined with MPLA, CpG, and QS-21 + CpG; and there was no increase in these cell populations when PSOP25 was administered with Alum. In conclusion, CpG may confer enhanced efficacy for the rPSOP25 vaccine, as evidenced by the ability of the elicited antisera to induce protective immune responses and improved transmission-blocking activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Yu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Hui Min
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Shijie Yao
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Guixiang Yao
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Biying Zhang
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Muyan Chen
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China
| | - Liwang Cui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3720 Spectrum Boulevard, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Li Zheng
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
| | - Yaming Cao
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
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Sun X, Hosomi K, Shimoyama A, Yoshii K, Saika A, Yamaura H, Nagatake T, Kiyono H, Fukase K, Kunisawa J. Alcaligenes lipid A functions as a superior mucosal adjuvant to monophosphoryl lipid A via the recruitment and activation of CD11b+ dendritic cells in nasal tissue. Int Immunol 2024; 36:33-43. [PMID: 38006376 PMCID: PMC10823578 DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxad045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that Alcaligenes-derived lipid A (ALA), which is produced from an intestinal lymphoid tissue-resident commensal bacterium, is an effective adjuvant for inducing antigen-specific immune responses. To understand the immunologic characteristics of ALA as a vaccine adjuvant, we here compared the adjuvant activity of ALA with that of a licensed adjuvant (monophosphoryl lipid A, MPLA) in mice. Although the adjuvant activity of ALA was only slightly greater than that of MPLA for subcutaneous immunization, ALA induced significantly greater IgA antibody production than did MPLA during nasal immunization. Regarding the underlying mechanism, ALA increased and activated CD11b+ CD103- CD11c+ dendritic cells in the nasal tissue by stimulating chemokine responses. These findings revealed the superiority of ALA as a mucosal adjuvant due to the unique immunologic functions of ALA in nasal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka 567-0085, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Koji Hosomi
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Collaborative Research Between NIBIOHN and Graduate School of Science, Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Ken Yoshii
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka 567-0085, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Azusa Saika
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka 567-0085, Japan
| | - Haruki Yamaura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nagatake
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka 567-0085, Japan
- Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kanagawa 214-8571, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA 92093, USA
- Chiba University (CU)-UCSD Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines (cMAV), UCSD, San Diego, CA 92093-0063, USA
- Future Medicine Education and Research Organization, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
- Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba 260-8677, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Collaborative Research Between NIBIOHN and Graduate School of Science, Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Microbial Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka 567-0085, Japan
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Collaborative Research Between NIBIOHN and Graduate School of Science, Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
- Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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Yousefi Avarvand A, Meshkat Z, Khademi F, Aryan E, Sankian M, Tafaghodi M. Enhancement of the immunogenicity of a Mycobacterium tuberculosis fusion protein using ISCOMATRIX and PLUSCOM nano-adjuvants as prophylactic vaccine after nasal administration in mice. Iran J Basic Med Sci 2024; 27:24-30. [PMID: 38164481 PMCID: PMC10722485 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2023.69295.15100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Objectives Tuberculosis (TB), a contagious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), remains a health problem worldwide and this infection has the highest mortality rate among bacterial infections. Current studies suggest that intranasal administration of new TB vaccines could enhance the immunogenicity of M. tuberculosis antigens. Hence, we aim to evaluate the protective efficacy and immunogenicity of HspX/EsxS fusion protein of M. tuberculosis along with ISCOMATRIX and PLUSCOM nano-adjuvants and MPLA through intranasal administration in a mice model. Materials and Methods In the present study, the recombinant fusion protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified and used to prepare different nanoparticle formulations in combination with ISCOMATRIX and PLUSCOM nano-adjuvants and MPLA. Mice were intranasally vaccinated with each formulation three times at an interval of 2 weeks. Three weeks after the final vaccination, IFN-γ, IL-4. IL-17, and TGF-β concentrations in the supernatant of cultured splenocytes of vaccinated mice as well as serum titers of IgG1 and IgG2a and sIgA titers in nasal lavage were determined. Results According to obtained results, intranasally vaccinated mice with formulations containing ISCOMATRIX and PLUSCOM nano-adjuvants and MPLA could effectively induce IFN-γ and sIgA responses. Moreover, both HspX/EsxS/ISCOMATRIX/MPLA and HspX/EsxS/PLUSCOM/MPLA and their BCG booster formulation could strongly stimulate the immune system and enhance the immunogenicity of M. tuberculosis antigens. Conclusion The results demonstrate the potential of HspX/EsxS-fused protein in combination with ISCOMATRIX, PLUSCOM, and MPLA after nasal administration in enhancing the immune response against M. tuberculosis antigens. Both nanoparticles were good adjuvants in order to promote the immunogenicity of TB-fused antigens. So, nasal immunization with these formulations, could induce immune responses and be considered a new TB vaccine or a BCG booster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshid Yousefi Avarvand
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Zahra Meshkat
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzad Khademi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ehsan Aryan
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Bacteriology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Sankian
- Immunobiochemistry laboratory, Immunology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Tafaghodi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad Iran
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Tang L, Ding H, Zeng Q, Zhou R, Liu B, Huang X. Engineered Nanovesicles Expressing Bispecific Single Chain Variable Fragments to Protect against SARS-CoV-2 Infection. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:6783-6796. [PMID: 37969099 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in high morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. Although the epidemic has been controlled in many areas and numerous patients have been successfully treated, the risk of reinfection persists due to the low neutralizing antibody titers and weak immune response. To provide long-term immune protection for infected patients, novel bispecific CB6/dendritic cell (DC)-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing nonintegrin (SIGN) nanovesicles (NVs) were constructed to target both the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S) and the DC receptors for virus neutralization and immune activation. Herein, we designed NVs expressing both CB6 and DC-SIGN single chain variable fragments (scFvs) on the surface to block SARS-CoV-2 invasion and activate DC function. Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) was loaded into the CB6/DC-SIGN NVs as an adjuvant to promote this process. The CB6/DC-SIGN NVs prevented a pseudovirus expressing the S protein from infecting the target cells expressing high levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in vitro. Additionally, CB6/DC-SIGN NVs admixed with S-expressing pseudoviruses activated the DCs, which was promoted by the adjuvant MPLA loaded in the NVs. Using a mouse model, we also confirmed that the CB6/DC-SIGN NVs effectively improved the neutralizing antibody titer and inhibited the growth of tumors expressing the S protein after 3 weeks of treatment. This potential NV-based treatment not only exerts a blocking effect by binding the S protein in the short term but may also provide patients with long-term protection against secondary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lantian Tang
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Hanxi Ding
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Cancer Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Renjie Zhou
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 400037 Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Emergency, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, 400037 Chongqing, China
| | - Xi Huang
- Center for Infection and Immunity and Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Molecular Imaging, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
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Varma VP, Kadivella M, Kavela S, Faisal SM. Leptospira Lipid A Is a Potent Adjuvant That Induces Sterilizing Immunity against Leptospirosis. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1824. [PMID: 38140228 PMCID: PMC10748165 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a globally significant zoonotic disease. The current inactivated vaccine offers protection against specific serovars but does not provide complete immunity. Various surface antigens, such as Leptospira immunoglobulin-like proteins (LigA and LigB), have been identified as potential subunit vaccine candidates. However, these antigens require potent adjuvants for effectiveness. Bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), including lipid A, are a well-known immunostimulant, and clinical adjuvants often contain monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA). Being less endotoxic, we investigated the adjuvant properties of lipid A isolated from L. interrogans serovar Pomona (PLA) in activating innate immunity and enhancing antigen-specific adaptive immune responses. PLA activated macrophages to a similar degree as MPLA, albeit at a higher dose, suggesting that it is less potent in stimulation than MPLA. Mice immunized with a variable portion of LigA (LAV) combined with alum and PLA (LAV-alum-PLA) exhibited significantly higher levels of LAV-specific humoral and cellular immune responses compared to alum alone but similar to those induced by alum-MPLA. The adjuvant activity of PLA resembles that of MPLA and is primarily achieved through the increased recruitment, activation, and uptake of antigens by innate immune cells. Furthermore, like MPLA, PLA formulation establishes a long-lasting memory response. Notably, PLA demonstrated superior potency than MPLA formulation and provided sterilizing immunity against the leptospirosis in a hamster model. Overall, our study sheds light on the adjuvant properties of Leptospira lipid A and offers promising avenues for developing LPS-based vaccines against this devastating zoonotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek P. Varma
- Laboratory of Vaccine Immunology, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500032, India; (V.P.V.); (M.K.); (S.K.)
- Graduate Studies, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Mohammad Kadivella
- Laboratory of Vaccine Immunology, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500032, India; (V.P.V.); (M.K.); (S.K.)
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad 121001, India
| | - Sridhar Kavela
- Laboratory of Vaccine Immunology, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500032, India; (V.P.V.); (M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Syed M. Faisal
- Laboratory of Vaccine Immunology, National Institute of Animal Biotechnology, Hyderabad 500032, India; (V.P.V.); (M.K.); (S.K.)
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad 121001, India
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Sansourekidou P, Kim L, Xu L, Gronberg M, Stambaugh C, Wang D. MPLA case: How do you lead as a lead physicist? J Appl Clin Med Phys 2023; 24:e13994. [PMID: 37053047 PMCID: PMC10476971 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
This work of fiction is part of a case study series developed by the Medical Physics Leadership Academy (MPLA). It is intended to facilitate the discussion of the managerial and leadership challenges faced by a clinical medical physicist. In this case, a physicist David used to work in a clinic where he thrived and felt like a leader, despite not having the title. After a job change, he is now officially the "Lead Physicist" at a hospital newly affiliated with a large academic healthcare system. He believes he will be equally successful. Yet he struggles to bring about changes and get buy-in from coworkers. In the end, he feels like giving up and considers changing his job. This case is in the scenario of Problem Diagnosis.i The intended use of this case, through group discussion or self-study, is to encourage readers to perform a comprehensive analysis that identifies the root cause of the problem. This case study falls under the scope of and is supported by the MPLA, a committee in the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leonard Kim
- MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper and Cooper Medical School of Rowan UniversityCamdenNew JerseyUSA
| | - Lee Xu
- New York Proton CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Mary Gronberg
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | | | - Dongxu Wang
- Department of Medical PhysicsMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA
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Simiele SJ, Charyyev S, Lin L, Kim L, Wang D, Gronberg MP. MPLA case: I didn't realize those were the expectations! J Appl Clin Med Phys 2023:e14089. [PMID: 37415409 PMCID: PMC10402668 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.14089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This work of fiction is part of a case study series developed by the Medical Physics Leadership Academy (MPLA). It is intended to facilitate the discussion of how students and advisors can better communicate expectations and navigate difficult conversations. In this case, a fourth-year Ph.D. student Emma learns that her advisor Dr. So is leaving the institution and has not arranged to bring any students with him. As Emma and Dr. So meet to discuss Emma's next steps, the conversation reveals misunderstandings and miscommunications of expectations, including a specific publication requirement for graduation from Dr. So. Having just learned of Dr. So's publication requirement, Emma realizes that graduating before the lab shuts down is not feasible. The intended use of this case, through group discussion or self-study, is to encourage readers to discuss the situation at hand and inspire professionalism and leadership thinking. This case study falls under the scope of and is supported by the MPLA, a committee in the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J Simiele
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Serdar Charyyev
- Department of Radiation Oncology - Radiation Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Liyong Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Leonard Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper and Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Mary P Gronberg
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and UT Health Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA
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Kalpana K, Yap S, Tsuji M, Kawamura A. Molecular Mechanism behind the Safe Immunostimulatory Effect of Withania somnifera. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050828. [PMID: 37238698 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (family Solanaceae) is a medicinal plant known for, among many pharmacological properties, an immune boosting effect. Our recent study revealed that its key immunostimulatory factor is lipopolysaccharide of plant-associated bacteria. This is peculiar, because, although LPS can elicit protective immunity, it is an extremely potent pro-inflammatory toxin (endotoxin). However, W. somnifera is not associated with such toxicity. In fact, despite the presence of LPS, it does not trigger massive inflammatory responses in macrophages. To gain insights into the safe immunostimulatory effect of W. somnifera, we conducted a mechanistic study on its major phytochemical constituent, withaferin A, which is known for anti-inflammatory activity. Endotoxin-triggered immunological responses in the presence and absence of withaferin A were characterized by both in vitro macrophage-based assay and in vivo cytokine profiling in mice. Collectively, our results demonstrate that withaferin A selectively attenuates the pro-inflammatory signaling triggered by endotoxin without impairing other immunological pathways. This finding provides a new conceptual framework to understand the safe immune-boosting effect of W. somnifera and possibly other medicinal plants. Furthermore, the finding opens a new opportunity to facilitate the development of safe immunotherapeutic agents, such as vaccine adjuvants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kriti Kalpana
- Biochemistry Ph.D. Program, The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of CUNY, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Shen Yap
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of CUNY, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Moriya Tsuji
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Akira Kawamura
- Biochemistry Ph.D. Program, The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College of CUNY, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Chemistry Ph.D. Program, The Graduate Center of CUNY, New York, NY 10016, USA
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Pan L, Zhang L, Deng W, Lou J, Gao X, Lou X, Liu Y, Yao X, Sheng Y, Yan Y, Ni C, Wang M, Tian C, Wang F, Qin Z. Spleen-selective co-delivery of mRNA and TLR4 agonists-loaded lipid nanoparticles for potent cancer immunotherapy via synergistic immunostimulation and Th1 immune responses. J Control Release 2023; 357:133-148. [PMID: 36972863 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Spleen is an ideal site for initiating and amplifying antigen-specific immune response. However, spleen-selective antigen delivery has limited tumor therapeutic efficacy owing to an inadequate cytotoxic T-cell immune response. In this study, we designed a spleen-selective mRNA vaccine that delivered unmodified mRNA and Toll-like Receptor (TLR) agonists to the spleen after systemic administration, resulting in a sufficient and persistent antitumor cellular immune response with potent tumor immunotherapeutic efficacy. To establish potent tumor vaccines (sLNPs-OVA/MPLA), we co-loaded stearic acid doped lipid nanoparticles with ovalbumin (OVA)-coding mRNA and TLR4 agonists (MPLA). We found that sLNPs-OVA/MPLA facilitated tissue-specific mRNA expression in the spleen after intravenous injection and elicited enhanced adjuvant activity with Th1 immune responses by activating multiple TLRs. In a prophylactic mouse model, sLNPs-OVA/MPLA induced a potent antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell immune response and ultimately prevented the growth of EG.7-OVA tumors with persistent immune memory protection. In addition, sLNPs-OVA/MPLA effectively delayed the tumor growth of EG.7-OVA subcutaneously transplanted lymphoma and lung metastasis formation of B16F10-OVA intravenously injected melanoma. This study showed that the co-delivery of mRNA antigens and appropriate TLR agonists could significantly improve the antitumor immunotherapeutic efficacy of spleen-targeted mRNA vaccines via synergistic immunostimulation and Th1 immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longze Pan
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Lijing Zhang
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Wenjing Deng
- Department of Neuro-Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Jia Lou
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xiaoke Gao
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohan Lou
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yangyang Liu
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohan Yao
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yuqiao Sheng
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chen Ni
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Chuntao Tian
- Department of Oncology, Sanmenxia Central Hospital, Sanmenxia 472000, China
| | - Fazhan Wang
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Zhihai Qin
- Medical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China; Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China.
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10
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Sun X, Hosomi K, Shimoyama A, Yoshii K, Lan H, Wang Y, Yamaura H, Nagatake T, Ishii KJ, Akira S, Kiyono H, Fukase K, Kunisawa J. TLR4 agonist activity of Alcaligenes lipid a utilizes MyD88 and TRIF signaling pathways for efficient antigen presentation and T cell differentiation by dendritic cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109852. [PMID: 36806039 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Alcaligenes faecalis was previously identified as an intestinal lymphoid tissue-resident commensal bacteria, and our subsequent studies showed that lipopolysaccharide and its core active element (i.e., lipid A) have a potent adjuvant activity to promote preferentially antigen-specific Th17 response and antibody production. Here, we compared A. faecalis lipid A (ALA) with monophosphoryl lipid A, a licensed lipid A-based adjuvant, to elucidate the immunological mechanism underlying the adjuvant properties of ALA. Compared with monophosphoryl lipid A, ALA induced higher levels of MHC class II molecules and costimulatory CD40, CD80, and CD86 on dendritic cells (DCs), which in turn resulted in strong T cell activation. Moreover, ALA more effectively promoted the production of IL-6 and IL-23 from DCs than did monophosphoryl lipid A, thus leading to preferential induction of Th17 and Th1 cells. As underlying mechanisms, we found that the ALA-TLR4 axis stimulated both MyD88- and TRIF-mediated signaling pathways, whereas monophosphoryl lipid A was biased toward TRIF signaling. These findings revealed the effects of ALA on DCs and T cells and its induction pattern on signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Collaborative Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Koji Hosomi
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Collaborative Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimoyama
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Collaborative Research between NIBIOHN and Graduate School of Science, Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Yoshii
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Collaborative Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Huangwenxian Lan
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Collaborative Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yunru Wang
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Collaborative Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruki Yamaura
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nagatake
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Collaborative Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan; Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Department of Life Sciences, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ken J Ishii
- International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Vaccine Science, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research (CVAR), National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan
| | - Shizuo Akira
- Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), San Diego, CA, United States; Chiba University (CU)-UCSD Center for Mucosal Immunology, Allergy and Vaccines (cMAV), UCSD, San Diego, CA, United States; Future Medicine Education and Research Organization, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan; Department of Human Mucosal Vaccinology, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan; Division of Mucosal Immunology, IMSUT Distinguished Professor Unit, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Fukase
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Collaborative Research between NIBIOHN and Graduate School of Science, Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Kunisawa
- Laboratory of Vaccine Materials, Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research, and Laboratory of Gut Environmental System, Collaborative Research Center for Health and Medicine, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Collaborative Research between NIBIOHN and Graduate School of Science, Forefront Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan; International Vaccine Design Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan; Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
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11
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Wang Y, Dong C, Ma Y, Zhu W, Gill HS, Denning TL, Kang SM, Wang BZ. Monophosphoryl lipid A-adjuvanted nucleoprotein-neuraminidase nanoparticles improve immune protection against divergent influenza viruses. Nanomedicine 2023; 47:102614. [PMID: 36265560 PMCID: PMC9756393 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2022.102614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Universal influenza vaccines are urgently needed to prevent recurrent influenza epidemics and inevitable pandemics. We generated double-layered protein nanoparticles incorporating two conserved influenza antigens-nucleoprotein and neuraminidase-through a two-step desolvation-crosslinking method. These protein nanoparticles displayed immunostimulatory properties to antigen-presenting cells by promoting inflammatory cytokine (IL-6 and TNF-α) secretion from JAWS II dendric cells. The nanoparticle immunization induced significant antigen-specific humoral and cellular responses, including antigen-binding and neutralizing antibodies, antibody- and cytokine (IFN-γ and IL-4)-secreting cells, and NP147-155 tetramer-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses. Co-administration of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA, a toll-like receptor 4 agonist) with the protein nanoparticles further improved immune responses and conferred heterologous and heterosubtypic influenza protection. The MPLA-adjuvanted nanoparticles reduced lung inflammation post-infection. The results demonstrated that the combination of MPLA and conserved protein nanoparticles could be developed into an improved universal influenza vaccine strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Wang
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, 100 Piedmont Ave SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Chunhong Dong
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, 100 Piedmont Ave SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Yao Ma
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, 100 Piedmont Ave SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Wandi Zhu
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, 100 Piedmont Ave SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Harvinder Singh Gill
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - Timothy L Denning
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, 100 Piedmont Ave SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Sang-Moo Kang
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, 100 Piedmont Ave SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Bao-Zhong Wang
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Georgia State University Institute for Biomedical Sciences, 100 Piedmont Ave SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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12
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Zheng Y, Han X, Wu Y, Jia X, Zhang K, Fan J, Shi H. Prognostic Factors for Survival in Multiple Primary Lung Adenocarcinomas: A Retrospective Analysis of 283 Patients. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338231185278. [PMID: 37365877 DOI: 10.1177/15330338231185278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: In recent years, a rising number of multiple primary lung cancers have been detected with the advancement of imaging technology. No detailed study has assessed the prognosis of multiple primary lung adenocarcinomas based on computed tomography characteristics. The present study aimed to analyze outcomes and determine valuable factors for predicting the prognosis of multiple primary lung adenocarcinoma. Methods: This single-center retrospective study was performed from January 2013 to October 2021. All patients were divided into 3 groups based on tumor density as follows: multi-pure ground-glass nodules, at least one part-solid nodule without solid nodules, and at least one solid nodule. Clinicopathologic features, computed tomography signs, and survival outcomes were compared between these groups. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. The multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to identify independent predictors for recurrence-free survival and overall survival. Results: The sample included 283 patients with 623 lesions who met the inclusion criteria for multiple primary lung adenocarcinoma. Of these patients, 71 (25.1%) presented with multi-pure ground-glass nodules, 100 (35.3%) with at least one part-solid nodule without solid nodule, and 112 (39.6%) with at least one solid nodule. The 3 groups had distinguished clinicopathologic and radiological features of age, adjuvant therapy, types of tumor resection, TNM stage, pathological subtypes, pleural indentation, spicule, and vacuole (all P < .001). Multivariate analysis found that lesion number was an independent predictor for both recurrence-free survival (hazard ratio 2.41; 95% confidence interval 1.12-5.19; P = .025) and overall survival (hazard ratio 4.78; 95% confidence interval 1.88-12.18; P = .001), and the at least one solid nodule was an independent predictor for overall survival (hazard ratio 5.307; 95% confidence interval 1.16-24.31; P = .032). Stage III (hazard ratio 5.71; 95% confidence interval 1.94-16.81; P = .002) and adjuvant therapy (hazard ratio 2.52; 95% confidence interval 1.24-5.13; P = .011) influenced the recurrence-free survival. Conclusions: Survival of multiple primary lung adenocarcinoma patients is strongly correlated with the lesion number and the at least one solid nodule tumors in radiological. This information may be useful for predicting survival and making clinical decisions in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Han
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Jia
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kailu Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Fan
- Department of Pathology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Heshui Shi
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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13
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Yang D, Luo X, Lian Q, Gao L, Wang C, Qi X, Zhang R, Liu Z, Liao G. Fully synthetic Tn-based three-component cancer vaccine using covalently linked TLR4 ligand MPLA and iNKT cell agonist KRN-7000 as built-in adjuvant effectively protects mice from tumor development. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:4432-45. [PMID: 36561989 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a new strategy for self-adjuvanting vaccine development that has different types of covalently-linked immunostimulants as the carrier molecule. Using Tn antigen as the model, a three-component vaccine (MPLA-Tn-KRN7000) containing the TLR4 ligand MPLA and the iNKT cell agonist KRN7000 was designed and synthesized. This expands fully synthetic self-adjuvanting vaccine studies that use a single carrier to one with two different types of carriers. The corresponding two-component conjugate vaccines Tn-MPLA, Tn-KRN7000 and Tn-CRM197 were also synthesized, as controls. The immunological evaluation found that MPLA-Tn-KRN7000 elicits robust Tn-specific and T cell-dependent immunity. The antibodies specifically recognized, bound to and exhibited complement-dependent cytotoxicity against Tn-positive cancer cells. In addition, MPLA-Tn-KRN7000 increased the survival rate and survival time of tumor-challenged mice, and surviving mice reject further tumor attacks without any additional treatment. Compared to the glycoprotein vaccine Tn-CRM197, the two-component conjugate vaccines, Tn-MPLA and Tn-KRN7000, and the physical mixture of Tn-MPLA and Tn-KRN7000, MPLA-Tn-KRN7000 showed the most effect at combating tumor cells both in vitro and in vivo. The comparison of immunological studies in wild-type and TLR4 knockout mice, along with the test of binding affinity to CD1d protein suggests that the covalently linked MPLA-KRN7000 immunostimulant induces a synergistic activation of TLR4 and iNKT cell that improves the immunogenicity of Tn. This work demonstrates that MPLA-Tn-KRN7000 has the potential to be a vaccine candidate and provides a new direction for fully synthetic vaccine design.
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14
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Karim K, Giribabu N, Salleh N. Marantodes pumilum (blume) Kuntze (Kacip Fatimah) leaves aqueous extract prevents downregulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and upregulation of apoptosis in osteoblasts of estrogen-deficient, diabetes-induced rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 280:114236. [PMID: 34044074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Marantodes pumilum (Blume) Kuntze has been claimed to be beneficial in protecting the bone against loss in post-menopausal women. In view of increased incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in post-menopausal period, M. pumilum ability to overcome the detrimental effect of estrogen-deficiency and DM on the bones were identified. AIM OF THE STUDY To identify the mechanisms underlying protective effect of MPLA on the bone in estrogen-deficient, diabetic condition. METHODS Adult female, estrogen-deficient, diabetic rats (225 ± 10 g) were divided into untreated group and treated with M. pumilum leaf aqueous extract (MPLA) (50 mg/kg/day and 100 mg/kg/day) and estrogen for 28 days (n = 6 per group). Fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels were weekly monitored and at the end of treatment, rats were sacrificed and femur bones were harvested. Bone collagen distribution was observed by Masson's trichome staining. Levels of bone osteoblastogenesis, apoptosis and proliferative markers were evaluated by Realtime PCR, Western blotting, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS MPLA treatment was able to ameliorate the increased in FBG levels in estrogen deficient, diabetic rats. In these rats, decreased bone collagen content, expression level of osteoblastogenesis markers (Wnt3a, β-catenin, Frizzled, Dvl and LRP-5) and proliferative markers (PCNA and c-Myc) and increased expression of anti-osteoblastogenesis marker (Gsk-3β) and apoptosis markers (Caspase-3, Caspase-9 and Bax) but not Bcl-2 were ameliorated. Effects of 100 mg/kg/day MPLA were greater than estrogen. CONCLUSION MPLA was able to protect against bone loss, thus making it a promising agent for the treatment of osteoporosis in women with estrogen deficient, diabetic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamarulzaman Karim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nelli Giribabu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Naguib Salleh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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15
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Sun L, Kees T, Almeida AS, Liu B, He XY, Ng D, Han X, Spector DL, McNeish IA, Gimotty P, Adams S, Egeblad M. Activating a collaborative innate-adaptive immune response to control metastasis. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:1361-1374.e9. [PMID: 34478639 PMCID: PMC8981964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote metastasis and inhibit T cells, but macrophages can be polarized to kill cancer cells. Macrophage polarization could thus be a strategy for controlling cancer. We show that macrophages from metastatic pleural effusions of breast cancer patients can be polarized to kill cancer cells with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) and interferon (IFN) γ. MPLA + IFNγ injected intratumorally or intraperitoneally reduces primary tumor growth and metastasis in breast cancer mouse models, suppresses metastasis, and enhances chemotherapy response in an ovarian cancer model. Both macrophages and T cells are critical for the treatment's anti-metastatic effects. MPLA + IFNγ stimulates type I IFN signaling, reprograms CD206+ TAMs to inducible NO synthase (iNOS)+ macrophages, and activates cytotoxic T cells through macrophage-secreted interleukin-12 (IL-12) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). MPLA and IFNγ are used individually in clinical practice and together represent a previously unexplored approach for engaging a systemic anti-tumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Sun
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Tim Kees
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | | | - Bodu Liu
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Xue-Yan He
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - David Ng
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Xiao Han
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA; Graduate Program in Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - David L Spector
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA
| | - Iain A McNeish
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Phyllis Gimotty
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6021, USA
| | - Sylvia Adams
- Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Mikala Egeblad
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
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16
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Schneider JC, Chen HC, Bautista E, Retallack D. Safety and immunogenicity of Px563L, a recombinant anthrax vaccine candidate, in a two-dose regimen for post-exposure prophylaxis in healthy adults. Vaccine 2021; 39:6333-6339. [PMID: 34544599 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.08.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Px563L is a next-generation anthrax vaccine candidate consisting of a protein subunit, mutant recombinant protective antigen SNKE167-ΔFF-315-E308D (mrPA), and liposome-embedded monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) adjuvant. Px563L has the potential to deliver an improved safety and immunogenicity profile relative to the currently licensed vaccine, which is produced from filtered B. anthracis culture supernatants. We conducted a Phase 1, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study in 54 healthy subjects to evaluate Px563L at 3 dose levels of mrPA (10, 50, and 80 mcg). For each dose level, 18 subjects were randomized in an 8:8:2 ratio to Px563L (mrPA with adjuvant), RPA563 (mrPA only) or placebo (saline). Each subject received an intramuscular (IM) injection on Day 0 and Day 28. Primary safety and immunogenicity analysis was conducted after all subjects completed the Day70 visit, a duration deemed clinically relevant for post-exposure prophylaxis. Long-term safety was assessed through Day 393. Vaccinations with Px563L at all dose levels were well-tolerated. There were no serious adverse events or adverse events (AE) leading to early withdrawal. In all treatment groups, most AEs were due to injection site reactions, and all AEs at the 10 and 50 mcg dose levels were mild. For the primary immunogenicity endpoint (protective toxin neutralizing antibody 50% neutralization factor [TNA NF50]), titers started to increase significantly after the second administration of Px563L, from Day35 through Day70, with the geometric mean and lower bound of the 95% confidence interval exceeding 0.56, a threshold correlating with significant survival in animal models of anthrax exposure. In conclusion, Px563L, administered as two IM doses 28 days apart, was well-tolerated and elicited a protective antibody response starting at seven days after the second vaccination. These findings support the continued development of Px563L in a two-dose regimen for anthrax post-exposure prophylaxis. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT02655549.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hubert C Chen
- Pfenex Inc, 10790 Roselle St, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Edgar Bautista
- eBio Consulting, 10790 Roselle St, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Diane Retallack
- Ligand Pharmaceuticals, 10790 Roselle St, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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Erratum: Administration of Multivalent Influenza Virus Recombinant Hemagglutinin Vaccine in Combination-Adjuvant Elicits Broad Reactivity Beyond the Vaccine Components. Front Immunol 2021; 12:754535. [PMID: 34489983 PMCID: PMC8417907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.754535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.692151.].
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18
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Venceslau-Carvalho AA, Teixeira de Pinho Favaro M, Ramos Pereira L, Rodrigues-Jesus MJ, Santos Pereira S, Andreata-Santos R, Dos Santos Alves RP, Castro-Amarante MF, Bitencourt Rodrigues K, Ramos da Silva J, Rahal Guaragna Machado R, Dos Passos Cunha M, Marinho de Andrade Zanotto P, Luzetti Fotoran W, Wunderlich G, Durigon EL, de Souza Ferreira LC. Nano-multilamellar lipid vesicles loaded with a recombinant form of the chikungunya virus E2 protein improve the induction of virus-neutralizing antibodies. Nanomedicine 2021; 37:102445. [PMID: 34303841 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2021.102445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is responsible for a self-limited illness that can evolve into long-lasting painful joint inflammation. In this study, we report a novel experimental CHIKV vaccine formulation of lipid nanoparticles loaded with a recombinant protein derived from the E2 structural protein. This antigen fragment, designated ∆E2.1, maintained the antigenicity of the native viral protein and was specifically recognized by antibodies induced in CHIKV-infected patients. The antigen has been formulated into nanoparticles consisting of nano-multilamellar vesicles (NMVs) combined with the adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA). The vaccine formulation demonstrated a depot effect, leading to controlled antigen release, and induced strong antibody responses significantly higher than in mice immunized with the purified protein combined with the adjuvant. More relevantly, E2-specific antibodies raised in mice immunized with ∆E2.1-loaded NMV-MPLA neutralized CHIKV under in vitro conditions. Taken together, the results demonstrated that the new nanoparticle-based vaccine formulation represents a promising approach for the development of effective anti-CHIKV vaccines.
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Hernandez-Davies JE, Felgner J, Strohmeier S, Pone EJ, Jain A, Jan S, Nakajima R, Jasinskas A, Strahsburger E, Krammer F, Felgner PL, Davies DH. Administration of Multivalent Influenza Virus Recombinant Hemagglutinin Vaccine in Combination-Adjuvant Elicits Broad Reactivity Beyond the Vaccine Components. Front Immunol 2021; 12:692151. [PMID: 34335601 PMCID: PMC8318558 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.692151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining variant antigens into a multivalent vaccine is a traditional approach used to provide broad coverage against antigenically variable pathogens, such as polio, human papilloma and influenza viruses. However, strategies for increasing the breadth of antibody coverage beyond the vaccine are not well understood, but may provide more anticipatory protection. Influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) is a prototypic variant antigen. Vaccines that induce HA-specific neutralizing antibodies lose efficacy as amino acid substitutions accumulate in neutralizing epitopes during influenza virus evolution. Here we studied the effect of a potent combination adjuvant (CpG/MPLA/squalene-in-water emulsion) on the breadth and maturation of the antibody response to a representative variant of HA subtypes H1, H5 and H7. Using HA protein microarrays and antigen-specific B cell labelling, we show when administered individually, each HA elicits a cross-reactive antibody profile for multiple variants within the same subtype and other closely-related subtypes (homosubtypic and heterosubtypic cross-reactivity, respectively). Despite a capacity for each subtype to induce heterosubtypic cross-reactivity, broader coverage was elicited by simply combining the subtypes into a multivalent vaccine. Importantly, multiplexing did not compromise antibody avidity or affinity maturation to the individual HA constituents. The use of adjuvants to increase the breadth of antibody coverage beyond the vaccine antigens may help future-proof vaccines against newly-emerging variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny E. Hernandez-Davies
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Jiin Felgner
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Shirin Strohmeier
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Egest James Pone
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Aarti Jain
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Sharon Jan
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Rie Nakajima
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Algimantas Jasinskas
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Erwin Strahsburger
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Philip L. Felgner
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - D. Huw Davies
- Vaccine Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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Hendrickson K, Kim S, Stambaugh C, Gronberg M, Kim L, Wang D. MPLA Case 3: Don't criticize me in public! J Appl Clin Med Phys 2021; 22:280-283. [PMID: 34196109 PMCID: PMC8364269 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
This work of fiction re-enacts a scenario in which a medical physics resident was not able to address a physics call during patient simulation and was criticized by the supervising faculty physicist in front of the team and the patient. The resident and the faculty agreed to meet afterwards to debrief the situation, in the hope of establishing a better working relationship. The intended use of this case, through group discussion, self-study, or role-play, is to encourage readers to discuss the situation at hand, inspire professionalism and leadership thinking, and allow the practice of conflict management. Facilitator's notes are available upon request to the MPLA Cases Subcommittee. This case study falls under the scope of and is supported by the Medical Physics Leadership Academy (MPLA), a committee in the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Kim
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Mary Gronberg
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Leonard Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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21
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Oliveira-Maciel D, dos-Santos JS, Oliveira-Silva G, de Mello MF, da Fonseca-Martins AM, Carneiro MPD, Ramos TD, Firmino-Cruz L, Gomes DCO, Rossi-Bergmann B, de Matos Guedes HL. MPLA and AddaVax ® Adjuvants Fail to Promote Intramuscular LaAg Vaccine Protectiveness against Experimental Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061272. [PMID: 34207948 PMCID: PMC8230739 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
There is so far no vaccine approved for human leishmaniasis, mainly because of the lack of appropriate adjuvants. This study aimed to evaluate in mice the capacity of a mixture of monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) and AddaVax® adjuvants in enhancing the efficacy of a Leishvacin®-like vaccine comprised of Leishmania amazonensis whole antigens (LaAg). For that, mice were immunized with LaAg plus MPLA/AddaVax® by the intramuscular route (i.m.) prior to challenge with 2 × 105 and 2 × 106 living parasites. Immunization with LaAg alone reduced the lesion growth of the 2 × 105-challenged mice only in the peak of infection, but that was not accompanied by reduced parasite load, and thus not considered protective. Mice given a 2 × 106 -challenge were not protected by LaAg. The association of LaAg with MPLA/AddaVax® was able to enhance the cutaneous hypersensitivity response compared with LaAg alone. Despite this, there was no difference in proliferative cell response to antigen ex vivo. Moreover, regardless of the parasite challenge, association of LaAg with MPL/AddaVax® did not significantly enhance protection in comparison with LaAg alone. This work demonstrated that MPL/AddaVax® is not effective in improving the efficacy of i.m. LaAg vaccine against cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Oliveira-Maciel
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.O.-M.); (J.S.d.-S.); (G.O.-S.); (A.M.d.F.-M.); (M.P.D.C.); (T.D.R.); (L.F.-C.); (B.R.-B.)
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
- Grupo de Imunologia e Vacinologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goés, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Júlio Souza dos-Santos
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.O.-M.); (J.S.d.-S.); (G.O.-S.); (A.M.d.F.-M.); (M.P.D.C.); (T.D.R.); (L.F.-C.); (B.R.-B.)
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
- Grupo de Imunologia e Vacinologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goés, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Gabriel Oliveira-Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.O.-M.); (J.S.d.-S.); (G.O.-S.); (A.M.d.F.-M.); (M.P.D.C.); (T.D.R.); (L.F.-C.); (B.R.-B.)
- Grupo de Imunologia e Vacinologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goés, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Mirian França de Mello
- Grupo de Imunologia e Vacinologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goés, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Alessandra Marcia da Fonseca-Martins
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.O.-M.); (J.S.d.-S.); (G.O.-S.); (A.M.d.F.-M.); (M.P.D.C.); (T.D.R.); (L.F.-C.); (B.R.-B.)
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
- Grupo de Imunologia e Vacinologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goés, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Monique Pacheco Duarte Carneiro
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.O.-M.); (J.S.d.-S.); (G.O.-S.); (A.M.d.F.-M.); (M.P.D.C.); (T.D.R.); (L.F.-C.); (B.R.-B.)
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
- Grupo de Imunologia e Vacinologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goés, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Tadeu Diniz Ramos
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.O.-M.); (J.S.d.-S.); (G.O.-S.); (A.M.d.F.-M.); (M.P.D.C.); (T.D.R.); (L.F.-C.); (B.R.-B.)
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
- Grupo de Imunologia e Vacinologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goés, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Luan Firmino-Cruz
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.O.-M.); (J.S.d.-S.); (G.O.-S.); (A.M.d.F.-M.); (M.P.D.C.); (T.D.R.); (L.F.-C.); (B.R.-B.)
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
- Grupo de Imunologia e Vacinologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goés, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
| | - Daniel Claudio Oliveira Gomes
- Núcleo de Doenças Infecciosas/Núcleo de Biotecnologia-Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória 29075-910, Brazil;
| | - Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.O.-M.); (J.S.d.-S.); (G.O.-S.); (A.M.d.F.-M.); (M.P.D.C.); (T.D.R.); (L.F.-C.); (B.R.-B.)
| | - Herbert Leonel de Matos Guedes
- Laboratório de Imunofarmacologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil; (D.O.-M.); (J.S.d.-S.); (G.O.-S.); (A.M.d.F.-M.); (M.P.D.C.); (T.D.R.); (L.F.-C.); (B.R.-B.)
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
- Grupo de Imunologia e Vacinologia, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Goés, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil;
- Correspondence: or or ; Tel.: +55-213-98-6571; Fax: +55-212-280-8193
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22
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Shukla NM, Chan M, Lao FS, Chu PJ, Belsuzarri M, Yao S, Nan J, Sato-Kaneko F, Saito T, Hayashi T, Corr M, Carson DA, Cottam HB. Structure-activity relationship studies in substituted sulfamoyl benzamidothiazoles that prolong NF-κB activation. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 43:116242. [PMID: 34274759 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In the face of emerging infectious diseases, there remains an unmet need for vaccine development where adjuvants that enhance immune responses to pathogenic antigens are highly desired. Using high-throughput screens with a cell-based nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) reporter assay, we identified a sulfamoyl benzamidothiazole bearing compound 1 that demonstrated a sustained activation of NF-κB after a primary stimulus with a Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 agonist, lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Here, we explore systematic structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies on compound 1 that indicated the sites on the scaffold that tolerated modification and yielded more potent compounds compared to 1. The selected analogs enhanced release of immunostimulatory cytokines in the human monocytic cell line THP-1 cells and murine primary dendritic cells. In murine vaccination studies, select compounds were used as co-adjuvants in combination with the Food and Drug Administration approved TLR-4 agonistic adjuvant, monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) that showed significant enhancement in antigen-specific antibody titers compared to MPLA alone. Additionally, our SAR studies led to identification of a photoaffinity probe which will aid the target identification and mechanism of action studies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikunj M Shukla
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0809, USA.
| | - Michael Chan
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0809, USA
| | - Fitzgerald S Lao
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0809, USA
| | - Paul J Chu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0809, USA
| | - Masiel Belsuzarri
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0809, USA
| | - Shiyin Yao
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0809, USA
| | - Jason Nan
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0809, USA
| | - Fumi Sato-Kaneko
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0809, USA
| | - Tetsuya Saito
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0809, USA
| | - Tomoko Hayashi
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0809, USA
| | - Maripat Corr
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0656, USA
| | - Dennis A Carson
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0809, USA
| | - Howard B Cottam
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0809, USA
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Xu L, Kim L, Sansourekidou P, Wang D. MPLA Case 4: A physicist's consult with a patient. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2021; 22:147-149. [PMID: 33811734 PMCID: PMC8130246 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lee Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leonard Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Patricia Sansourekidou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Dongxu Wang
- Department of Medical Physics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Middletown, NJ, USA
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Karacs J, Reithofer M, Kitzmüller C, Kraller M, Schmalz S, Bleichert S, Huppa JB, Stockinger H, Bohle B, Jahn-Schmid B. Adjuvants and Vaccines Used in Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy Induce Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:321. [PMID: 33915724 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9040321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aluminum hydroxide (alum) and monophosphoryl-lipid A (MPLA) are conventional adjuvants in vaccines for allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). Alum triggers the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) by neutrophils. NETs contain expelled decondensed chromatin associated with granular material and may act as danger-associated molecular patterns and activate antigen-presenting cells. We investigated whether adjuvant-induced NETs contribute to innate responses to AIT-vaccines. Human neutrophils were incubated with alum, MPLA and adjuvant-containing AIT-vaccine preparations. NETs were verified by time-lapse and confocal fluorescence microscopy and quantitatively assessed by DNA and elastase release and ROS production. In contrast to MPLA, alum represented a potent trigger for NET release. Vaccine formulations containing alum resulted in less NET release than alum alone, whereas the vaccine containing MPLA induced stronger NET responses than MPLA alone. NETs and alum alone and synergistically increased the expression of molecules involved in antigen presentation, i.e., CD80, CD86 and CD83, by peripheral blood monocytes. Monocyte priming with NETs resulted in individually differing IL-1β- and IL-6-responses. Thus, NETs induced by adjuvants in AIT-vaccines can provide autonomous and cooperative effects on early innate responses. The high diversity of individual innate responses to adjuvants and AIT-vaccines may affect their therapeutic efficacy.
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Franck S, Michelet R, Casilag F, Sirard JC, Wicha SG, Kloft C. A Model-Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Analysis of the Combination of Amoxicillin and Monophosphoryl Lipid A Against S. pneumoniae in Mice. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:469. [PMID: 33808396 PMCID: PMC8065677 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Combining amoxicillin with the immunostimulatory toll-like receptor 4 agonist monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) represents an innovative approach for enhancing antibacterial treatment success. Exploiting pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data from an infection model of Streptococcus pneumoniae infected mice, we aimed to evaluate the preclinical exposure-response relationship of amoxicillin with MPLA coadministration and establish a link to survival. Antibiotic serum concentrations, bacterial numbers in lung and spleen and survival data of mice being untreated or treated with amoxicillin (four dose levels), MPLA, or their combination were analyzed by nonlinear mixed-effects modelling and time-to-event analysis using NONMEM® to characterize these treatment regimens. On top of a pharmacokinetic interaction, regarding the pharmacodynamic effects the combined treatment was superior to both monotherapies: The amoxicillin efficacy at highest dose was increased by a bacterial reduction of 1.74 log10 CFU/lung after 36 h and survival was increased 1.35-fold to 90.3% after 14 days both compared to amoxicillin alone. The developed pharmacometric pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic disease-treatment-survival models provided quantitative insights into a novel treatment option against pneumonia revealing a pharmacokinetic interaction and enhanced activity of amoxicillin and the immune system stimulator MPLA in combination. Further development of this drug combination flanked with pharmacometrics towards the clinical setting seems promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Franck
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 12169 Berlin, Germany; (S.F.); (R.M.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Robin Michelet
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 12169 Berlin, Germany; (S.F.); (R.M.)
| | - Fiordiligie Casilag
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center of Infection and Immunity of Lille, University Lille, 59019 Lille, France; (F.C.); (J.-C.S.)
| | - Jean-Claude Sirard
- CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR8204-CIIL-Center of Infection and Immunity of Lille, University Lille, 59019 Lille, France; (F.C.); (J.-C.S.)
| | - Sebastian G. Wicha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Charlotte Kloft
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 12169 Berlin, Germany; (S.F.); (R.M.)
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Yousefi Avarvand A, Meshkat Z, Khademi F, Tafaghodi M. Immunogenicity of HspX/EsxS fusion protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis along with ISCOMATRIX and PLUSCOM nano-adjuvants after subcutaneous administration in animal model. Microb Pathog 2021; 154:104842. [PMID: 33762199 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.104842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), is one of the most common and dangerous infectious diseases in the world. Despite vaccination with BCG, it is still considered as a major health problem. Therefore, design and production of an effective novel vaccine against TB is necessary. Our aim was to evaluate immunogenicity of HspX/EsxS fusion protein of M. tuberculosis along with ISCOMATRIX, PLUSCOM nano-adjuvants and MPLA through the subcutaneous route in mice model. METHODS HspX/EsxS fused protein of M. tuberculosis was cloned, expressed and purified in the prokaryotic system. ISCOMATRIX and PLUSCOM nano-adjuvants were prepared by film hydration method. Subcutaneous immunization of BALB/c mice was performed by different formulations. IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17 and TGF-β cytokines levels as well as serum IgG1, IgG2a. RESULTS Our results showed that subcutaneous administration of mice with HspX/EsxS along with three adjuvants, ISCOMATRIX, PLUSCOM and MPLA increased immunogenicity of multi-stage fusion protein of M. tuberculosis. Additionally, HspX/EsxS protein + ISCOMATRIX or + PLUSCOM nano-adjuvants induced stronger Th1, IgG2a and IgG1 immune responses compared to MPLA adjuvant. Totally, HspX/EsxS/ISCOMATRIX/MPLA, HspX/EsxS/PLUSCOM/MPLA and two BCG booster groups could significantly induce higher Th1 and IgG2a immune responses. CONCLUSION With regard to ability of ISCOMATRIX, PLUSCOM and MPLA adjuvants to increase immunogenicity of HspX/EsxS protein through induction of IFN-γ and IgG2a immune responses, it seems that these adjuvants and especially ISCOMATRIX and PLUSCOM, could also improve BCG efficacy as a BCG booster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshid Yousefi Avarvand
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Zahra Meshkat
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Department of Medical Bacteriology and Virology, Qaem University Hospital, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Farzad Khademi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Tafaghodi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Albert Vega C, Karakike E, Bartolo F, Mouton W, Cerrato E, Brengel-Pesce K, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Mallet F, Trouillet-Assant S. Differential response induced by LPS and MPLA in immunocompetent and septic individuals. Clin Immunol 2021; 226:108714. [PMID: 33741504 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) induce, overall, similar transcriptional profiles in healthy individuals, although LPS has been shown to more potently induce pro-inflammatory cytokines. We explore herein whether MPLA could be considered as a synthetic replacement of LPS in immune functional assays to study anergy of immune cells in septic patients. Ex vivo whole blood stimulation with MPLA revealed a lower induction of the TNFα secreted protein in 20 septic patients (SP) compared to 10 healthy volunteers (HV), in agreement with monocyte anergy. Principal component analysis of the 93-gene molecular response to MPLA and LPS stimulation found that the main variability was driven by stimulation in HV and by pathophysiology in SP. MPLA was a stronger inducer of the HLA family genes than LPS in both populations, arguing for divergent signalling pathways downstream of TLR-4. In addition, MPLA appeared to present a more informative stratification potential within the septic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Albert Vega
- Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, 69495 Lyon, France.
| | - Eleni Karakike
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 124 62 Athens, Greece
| | | | - William Mouton
- Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, 69495 Lyon, France; Virpath - Université Lyon, CIRI, INSERM U1111, CNRS 5308, ENS, UCBL, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, 69372 Lyon, France
| | - Elisabeth Cerrato
- EA 7426 Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, PI3, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University-bioMérieux-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France
| | - Karen Brengel-Pesce
- Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, 69495 Lyon, France; EA 7426 Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, PI3, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University-bioMérieux-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France
| | | | - François Mallet
- Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, 69495 Lyon, France; EA 7426 Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression, PI3, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University-bioMérieux-Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, 69437 Lyon, France
| | - Sophie Trouillet-Assant
- Joint Research Unit Hospices Civils de Lyon-bioMérieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, 69495 Lyon, France; Virpath - Université Lyon, CIRI, INSERM U1111, CNRS 5308, ENS, UCBL, Faculté de Médecine Lyon Est, 69372 Lyon, France.
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Wang D, Meis G, Gronberg M, Stambaugh C, Kim L. MPLA Case 2: A junior physicist attempts to improve radiotherapy workflow. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2021; 22:251-253. [PMID: 33739625 PMCID: PMC7984499 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This fictional case describes the challenging situation for a junior physicist, who joined her hometown's cancer center as a solo physicist after graduating from residency. She is concerned about providing optimal patient care as well as improving her work/life balance. She wonders how to move forward. The intended use of the case study, in either a facilitated learning session or self‐study, is to inspire the readers to discuss the situation, analyze the institutional and personal factors, apply relevant leadership skills, and propose action plans. This case study falls under the scope of, and is supported by, the Medical Physics Leadership Academy (MPLA). A sample facilitator's guide or self‐study guide is available upon request to the MPLA Cases Subcommittee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Wang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Mary Gronberg
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Leonard Kim
- MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Camden, NJ, USA
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29
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Wang D, Kim L, Gronberg M, Stambaugh C. A brief guide to writing a medical physics leadership case. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2021; 22:285-286. [PMID: 33739581 PMCID: PMC7984477 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Wang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leonard Kim
- MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Camden, NJ, USA
| | - Mary Gronberg
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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30
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Wang D, Meis G, Ellet W, Kim L, Stambaugh C, Gronberg M, Johnson J. MPLA Case 1: Implementing Cone-Beam CT in a Community Hospital. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2021; 22:246-250. [PMID: 33739575 PMCID: PMC7984478 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This fictional case describes a managerial situation of implementing cone‐beam computed tomography faced by a solo medical physicist in a rural community hospital. The intended use of the case study, in either a facilitated learning session or self‐study, is to inspire the readers to discuss the situation, analyze the institutional and personal factors, apply relevant leadership skills, and propose action plans. This case study falls under the scope of, and is supported by, the Medical Physics Leadership Academy (MPLA). A sample facilitator’s guide or self‐study guide is included in the manuscript for reference by users of this case study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxu Wang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - William Ellet
- Miami School of Business, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Leonard Kim
- MD Anderson Cancer Center at Cooper, Camden, NJ, USA
| | | | - Mary Gronberg
- University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
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Zhang W, Lim SM, Hwang J, Ramalingam S, Kim M, Jin JO. Monophosphoryl lipid A-induced activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells enhances the anti-cancer effects of anti-PD-L1 antibodies. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2020; 70:689-700. [PMID: 32902663 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-020-02715-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) is a toll-like receptor 4 ligand that promotes immune activation in mice and humans, without undesired inflammation. Immunotherapy by the combining immune checkpoint blockade and MPLA has shown promising anti-cancer effects in both mice and humans. In this study, we explored how MPLA enhanced the anti-cancer effects of anti-PD-L1 antibodies (Abs). Anti-cancer immunity induced by the combination of anti-PD-L1 Abs and MPLA failed in CD4 and CD8 cell-depleted mice. Moreover, the combination treatment of anti-PD-L1 Abs and MPLA synergistically enhanced the activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in the mouse in vivo, while conventional DCs were not. In addition, mice treated with anti-PD-L1 Abs and MPLA were not protected from B16 melanoma by blockade of interferon-alpha receptor (IFNAR). The combination of anti-PD-L1 Abs and MPLA also promoted human peripheral blood pDC activation and induced IFN-α-dependent T cell activation. Therefore, these results demonstrate that MPLA enhances anti-PD-L1 Ab-mediated anti-cancer immunity through the activation and IFN-α production of pDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Seong-Min Lim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Juyoung Hwang
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Srinivasan Ramalingam
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Myunghee Kim
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China. .,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea. .,Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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Jallad MAN, Jurjus AR, Rahal EA, Abdelnoor AM. Triple Immunotherapy Overcomes Immune Evasion by Tumor in a Melanoma Mouse Model. Front Oncol 2020; 10:839. [PMID: 32596146 PMCID: PMC7304320 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Melanoma is a malignancy with increasing incidence that underlies most skin cancer-related deaths. Advanced melanoma patients still have poor prognosis despite recently developed immunotherapies. This study devises a triple immunotherapy to treat melanoma in a mouse model. The combination includes anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA4) antibodies, Monophosphoryl-lipid-A (MPLA), and an Indolamine-Dioxygenase-1 (IDO1) inhibitor. The aim of the study is, first, to rule out any major toxic effects related to this therapy and, second, to assess its antitumor effects. Methods: Cancer-free C57BL/6 mice were randomized into control groups and groups receiving single, dual, or triple therapies of the defined treatments. Clinical signs, weight gain, and histological sections from their main organs were assessed. Then, melanoma-bearing mice were segregated into similar groups, monitored for survival, and their tumor size was measured repeatedly. Finally, flow cytometry was used to analyze immune cell populations in the tumor masses including CD4+, CD8+, and regulatory T cells in addition to natural killer cells. Results: No adverse effects were detected in any of the treated groups. Survival analysis indicated that the groups receiving dual or triple therapies had prolonged survival compared to the controls. However, the group receiving triple therapy was the only group to show statistically significant increase in survival compared to the controls. Tumor size progression paralleled the survival outcome. The group receiving the triple therapy showed statistically significant smaller tumor sizes compared to all the other groups throughout the whole monitoring period. Flow cytometry used to analyze immune cell populations in the tumor mass indicated that the triple immune therapy was capable of significantly enhancing the natural killer cell counts as well as the CD3+CD4+/Treg and CD3+CD8+/Treg ratios possibly enhancing the anti-tumorigenic environment. Conclusions: Generated data rule out any major adverse events pertaining to the triple immunotherapy and reveal its enhanced effectiveness in thwarting melanoma progression over all other tested treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Ann N Jallad
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdo R Jurjus
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology and Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Elias A Rahal
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Alexander M Abdelnoor
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Forsyth VS, Himpsl SD, Smith SN, Sarkissian CA, Mike LA, Stocki JA, Sintsova A, Alteri CJ, Mobley HLT. Optimization of an Experimental Vaccine To Prevent Escherichia coli Urinary Tract Infection. mBio 2020; 11:e00555-20. [PMID: 32345645 PMCID: PMC7188996 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00555-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTI) affect half of all women at least once during their lifetime. The rise in the numbers of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing strains and the potential for carbapenem resistance within uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), the most common causative agent of UTI, create an urgent need for vaccine development. Intranasal immunization of mice with UPEC outer membrane iron receptors FyuA, Hma, IreA, and IutA, conjugated to cholera toxin, provides protection in the bladder or kidneys under conditions of challenge with UPEC strain CFT073 or strain 536. On the basis of these data, we sought to optimize the vaccination route (intramuscular, intranasal, or subcutaneous) in combination with adjuvants suitable for human use, including aluminum hydroxide gel (alum), monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), unmethylated CpG synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG), polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (polyIC), and mutated heat-labile E. coli enterotoxin (dmLT). Mice intranasally vaccinated with dmLT-IutA and dmLT-Hma displayed significant reductions in bladder colonization (86-fold and 32-fold, respectively), with 40% to 42% of mice having no detectable CFU. Intranasal vaccination of mice with CpG-IutA and polyIC-IutA significantly reduced kidney colonization (131-fold) and urine CFU (22-fold), respectively. dmLT generated the most consistently robust antibody response in intranasally immunized mice, while MPLA and alum produced greater concentrations of antigen-specific serum IgG with intramuscular immunization. On the basis of these results, we conclude that intranasal administration of Hma or IutA formulated with dmLT adjuvant provides the greatest protection from UPEC UTI. This report advances our progress toward a vaccine against uncomplicated UTI, which will significantly improve the quality of life for women burdened by recurrent UTI and enable better antibiotic stewardship.IMPORTANCE Urinary tract infections (UTI) are among the most common bacterial infection in humans, affecting half of all women at least once during their lifetimes. The rise in antibiotic resistance and health care costs emphasizes the need to develop a vaccine against the most common UTI pathogen, Escherichia coli Vaccinating mice intranasally with a detoxified heat-labile enterotoxin and two surface-exposed receptors, Hma or IutA, significantly reduced bacterial burden in the bladder. This work highlights progress in the development of a UTI vaccine formulated with adjuvants suitable for human use and antigens that encode outer membrane iron receptors required for infection in the iron-limited urinary tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie S Forsyth
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Stephanie D Himpsl
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Sara N Smith
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christina A Sarkissian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Laura A Mike
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Jolie A Stocki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Anna Sintsova
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Christopher J Alteri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Michigan-Dearborn, Dearborn, Michigan, USA
| | - Harry L T Mobley
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Liu Z, Cao K, Liao Z, Chen Y, Lei X, Wei Q, Liu C, Sun X, Yang Y, Cai J, Gao F. Monophosphoryl lipid A alleviated radiation-induced testicular injury through TLR4-dependent exosomes. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:3917-3930. [PMID: 32135028 PMCID: PMC7171420 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation protection on male testis is an important task for ionizing radiation-related workers or people who receive radiotherapy for tumours near the testicle. In recent years, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), especially TLR4, have been widely studied as a radiation protection target. In this study, we detected that a low-toxicity TLR4 agonist monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) produced obvious radiation protection effects on mice testis. We found that MPLA effectively alleviated testis structure damage and cell apoptosis induced by ionizing radiation (IR). However, as the expression abundance differs a lot in distinct cells and tissues, MPLA seemed not to directly activate TLR4 singling pathway in mice testis. Here, we demonstrated a brand new mechanism for MPLA producing radiation protection effects on testis. We observed a significant activation of TLR4 pathway in macrophages after MPLA stimulation and identified significant changes in macrophage-derived exosomes protein expression. We proved that after MPLA treatment, macrophage-derived exosomes played an important role in testis radiation protection, and specially, G-CSF and MIP-2 in exosomes are the core molecules in this protection effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kun Cao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Naval Aeromedicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zebin Liao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Lei
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qun Wei
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuejun Sun
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Naval Aeromedicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyong Yang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianming Cai
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fu Gao
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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Chen C, Zhang C, Li R, Wang Z, Yuan Y, Li H, Fu Z, Zhou M, Zhao L. Monophosphoryl-Lipid A ( MPLA) is an Efficacious Adjuvant for Inactivated Rabies Vaccines. Viruses 2019; 11:E1118. [PMID: 31816996 PMCID: PMC6950009 DOI: 10.3390/v11121118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rabies, as one of the most threatening zoonoses in the world, causes a fatal central nervous system (CNS) disease. So far, vaccination with rabies vaccines has been the most effective measure to prevent and control this disease. At present, inactivated rabies vaccines are widely used in humans and domestic animals. However, humoral immune responses induced by inactivated rabies vaccines are relatively low and multiple shots are required to achieve protective immunity. Supplementation with an adjuvant is a practical way to improve the immunogenicity of inactivated rabies vaccines. In this study, we found that monophosphoryl-lipid A (MPLA), a well-known TLR4 agonist, could significantly promote the maturation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDC) through a TLR4-dependent pathway in vitro and the maturation of conventional DCs (cDCs) in vivo. We also found that MPLA, serving as an adjuvant for inactivated rabies vaccines, could significantly facilitate the generation of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells, germinal center (GC) B cells, and plasma cells (PCs), consequently enhancing the production of RABV-specific total-IgG, IgG2a, IgG2b, and the virus-neutralizing antibodies (VNAs). Furthermore, MPLA could increase the survival ratio of mice challenged with virulent RABV. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that MPLA serving as an adjuvant enhances the intensity of humoral immune responses by activating the cDC-Tfh-GC B axis. Our findings will contribute to the improvement of the efficiency of traditional rabies vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.C.); (C.Z.); (R.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (Z.F.); (M.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chengguang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.C.); (C.Z.); (R.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (Z.F.); (M.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ruiming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.C.); (C.Z.); (R.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (Z.F.); (M.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.C.); (C.Z.); (R.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (Z.F.); (M.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yueming Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.C.); (C.Z.); (R.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (Z.F.); (M.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Haoqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.C.); (C.Z.); (R.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (Z.F.); (M.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhenfang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.C.); (C.Z.); (R.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (Z.F.); (M.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.C.); (C.Z.); (R.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (Z.F.); (M.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (C.C.); (C.Z.); (R.L.); (Z.W.); (Y.Y.); (H.L.); (Z.F.); (M.Z.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine of Hubei Province, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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Yang Z, Wang L, Yu H, Wang R, Gou Y, Zhang M, Kang C, Liu T, Lan Y, Wang X, Liu J, Cooper MA, Li X, Yue K, Yu Y, Wang L, Kim BY, Jiang W, Sun W. Membrane TLR9 Positive Neutrophil Mediated MPLA Protects Against Fatal Bacterial Sepsis. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:6269-6283. [PMID: 31534550 PMCID: PMC6735515 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a major cause of patient mortality and morbidity from bacterial infections. Although neutrophils are known to be important in the development of sepsis, how distinctive neutrophil subtypes regulate inflammatory processes involved in septicemia remains unclear. Preconditioning protects organisms against subsequent higher-dose exposures to the same, or even different, stimuli. Several studies have reported various effects of preconditioning on immune cells. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying neutrophil-mediated protection through preconditioning in sepsis remain unknown. Methods: Flow cytometry was conducted to sort the mice peritoneal lavage cells and the blood samples from patients with sepsis. Western blotting and ELISA were carried out to elucidate the expression of TLR9 signal transduction pathway proteins. Histological analysis was used to assess the effect of InP on intestine and liver structure in tlr9-/- and cav-1-/- mice. Fluorescence microscopy, Co-IP, and FRET were carried out to determine the association of TLR9 with Cav-1. Results: We show that membrane toll-like receptor-9 positive (mTLR9+) neutrophils exert a protective effect against fatal bacterial infections through the process of inflammatory preconditioning (InP). InP, which occurs in the setting of a low-dose bacterial challenge, active ingredient is Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), triggers the membrane translocation of TLR9 from the neutrophil cytosol, where it binds to Cav-1. Our findings showed that InP enables TLR9 to facilitate MyD88-mediated TRAF3 and IRF3 signal transduction. Depletion of either TLR9 or Cav-1 largely eliminates the neutrophil-mediated InP effect in sepsis models in vitro and in vivo. Further, examination of clinical samples from patients with sepsis showed that clinical outcomes and likelihood of recovery are closely correlated with mTLR9 and Cav-1 expression in circulating neutrophils. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that the TLR9-Cav-1 axis is a critical signaling pathway involved in the regulation of neutrophil-dependent MPLA mediated InP, and the presence of mTLR9+ neutrophils could be an attractive indicator of clinical outcomes in bacterial sepsis that could be further explored as a potential therapeutic target.
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Blanco-Pérez F, Goretzki A, Wolfheimer S, Schülke S. The vaccine adjuvant MPLA activates glycolytic metabolism in mouse mDC by a JNK-dependent activation of mTOR-signaling. Mol Immunol 2019; 106:159-169. [PMID: 30623816 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The detoxified TLR4-ligand MPLA is a successfully used adjuvant in clinically approved vaccines. However, its capacity to activate glycolytic metabolism in mDC and the influence of MPLA-induced metabolic changes on cytokine secretion are unknown. AIM To analyze the capacity of MPLA to activate mDC metabolism and the mechanisms contributing to MPLA-induced metabolism activation and cytokine secretion. METHODS C57BL/6 bone-marrow-derived myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) were stimulated with LPS or MPLA and analyzed for intracellular signaling, cytokine secretion, and metabolic state. mDC were pre-treated with rapamycin (mTOR-inhibitor), U0126, SP600125, SB202190 (MAPK kinase inhibitors), as well as dexamethasone (MAPK- and NFκB-inhibitor) and analyzed for MPLA-induced cytokine secretion and cell metabolic state. RESULTS Stimulation of mDCs with either LPS or MPLA resulted in a pronounced, mTOR-dependent activation of glucose metabolism characterized by induction of the Warburg Effect, increased glucose consumption from the culture medium, as well as release of LDH. Compared to LPS, MPLA induced significantly lower cytokine secretion. The activation of mDC metabolism was comparable between LPS- and MPLA-stimulated mDCs. The MPLA-induced cytokine secretion could be partially inhibited using mTOR-, MAP kinase-, and NFκB-inhibitors, whereas the activation of glucose metabolism was shown to depend on both mTOR- and JNK-signaling. SUMMARY The MPLA-induced activation of glycolytic metabolism in mouse mDC was shown to depend on a JNK-mediated activation of mTOR-signaling, while both MAPK- and NFB-signaling contributed to pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Understanding the mechanisms by which MPLA activates dendritic cells will both improve our understanding of its adjuvant properties and contribute to the future development and safe application of this promising adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Blanco-Pérez
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Vice President´s Research Group 1: Molecular Allergology, Langen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Goretzki
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Vice President´s Research Group 1: Molecular Allergology, Langen, Germany
| | - Sonja Wolfheimer
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Vice President´s Research Group 1: Molecular Allergology, Langen, Germany
| | - Stefan Schülke
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institut, Vice President´s Research Group 1: Molecular Allergology, Langen, Germany.
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Kabiri M, Sankian M, Hosseinpour M, Tafaghodi M. The novel immunogenic chimeric peptide vaccine to elicit potent cellular and mucosal immune responses against HTLV-1. Int J Pharm 2018; 549:404-14. [PMID: 30075250 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2018.07.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study reports on the immunogenicity assessment of a novel chimeric peptide vaccine including Tax, gp21, gp46, and gag immunodominant epitopes of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) to induce immunity against HTLV-1 after subcutaneous (SC) or intranasal administration in a mice model. Additionally, to elevate the efficacy of the HTLV-1 vaccine, the chimera was physically mixed with monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) or ISCOMATRIX (IMX) adjuvants. For this purpose, the ISCOMATRIX with a size range of 40-60 nm were prepared using lipid film hydration method. Our investigation revealed that the mixture of IMX and chimera could significantly increase antibody titers containing IgG2a, and mucosal IgA, as well as IFN-γ and IL-10 cytokines and decrease the level of TGF-β1, compared to other vaccine formulations. The intranasal delivery of chimera vaccine in the absence or presence adjuvants stimulated potent mucosal sIgA titer relative to subcutaneous immunization. Furthermore, the SC or nasal delivery of various vaccine formulations could shift the immunity toward cell-mediated responses, as evident by higher IgG2a and IFN-γ, as well as suppressed TGF-β1 level. Our findings suggest that proper design, construction, and immunization of multi-epitope vaccine are essential for developing an effective HTLV-1 vaccine.
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Dong W, Bhide Y, Marsman S, Holtrop M, Meijerhof T, de Vries-Idema J, de Haan A, Huckriede A. Monophosphoryl Lipid A-Adjuvanted Virosomes with Ni-Chelating Lipids for Attachment of Conserved Viral Proteins as Cross-Protective Influenza Vaccine. Biotechnol J 2018; 13:e1700645. [PMID: 29278302 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Induction of CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) to conserved internal influenza antigens, such as nucleoprotein (NP), is a promising strategy for the development of cross-protective influenza vaccines. However, influenza NP protein alone cannot induce CTL immunity due to its low capacity to activate antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and get access to the MHC class I antigen processing pathway. To facilitate the generation of NP-specific CTL immunity the authors develop a novel influenza vaccine consisting of virosomes with the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) ligand monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) and the metal-ion-chelating lipid DOGS-NTA-Ni incorporated in the membrane. In vitro, virosomes with incorporated MPLA induce stronger activation of APCs than unadjuvanted virosomes. Virosomes modified with DOGS-NTA-Ni show high conjugation efficacy for his-tagged proteins and facilitate efficient uptake of conjugated proteins by APCs. Immunization of mice with MPLA-adjuvanted virosomes with attached NP results in priming of NP-specific CTLs while MPLA-adjuvanted virosomes with admixed NP are inefficient in priming CTLs. Both vaccines induce equally high titers of NP-specific antibodies. When challenged with heterosubtypic influenza virus, mice immunized with virosomes with attached or admixed NP are protected from severe weight loss. Yet, unexpectedly, they show more weight loss and more severe disease symptoms than mice immunized with MPLA-virosomes without NP. Taken together, these results indicate that virosomes with conjugated antigen and adjuvant incorporated in the membrane are effective in priming of CTLs and eliciting antigen-specific antibody responses in vivo. However, for protection from influenza infection NP-specific immunity appears not to be advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, HPC EB88, NL-9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Division of Immunology, International Institute of Infection and Immunity, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, 51504, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yoshita Bhide
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, HPC EB88, NL-9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sonny Marsman
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, HPC EB88, NL-9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke Holtrop
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, HPC EB88, NL-9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tjarko Meijerhof
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, HPC EB88, NL-9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline de Vries-Idema
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, HPC EB88, NL-9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aalzen de Haan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, HPC EB88, NL-9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Huckriede
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, PO Box 30001, HPC EB88, NL-9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Xie J, Yang C, Liu Q, Li J, Liang R, Shen C, Zhang Y, Wang K, Liu L, Shezad K, Sullivan M, Xu Y, Shen G, Tao J, Zhu J, Zhang Z. Encapsulation of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Peptides into Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Enhancement of Antitumor Immune Response. Small 2017; 13:1701741. [PMID: 28861951 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201701741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Codelivery of combinational antigenic peptides and adjuvant to antigen presenting cells is expected to amplify tumor specific T lymphocytes immune responses while minimizing the possibility of tumor escaping and reducing immune tolerance to single antigenic peptide. However, the varied hydrophobicities of these multivariant derived short antigenic peptides limit their codelivery efficiency in conventional delivery systems. Here, a facile yet effective route is presented to generate monodisperse and stable hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) for codelivering of HGP10025-33 and TRP2180-188 , two melanoma-derived peptides with varied hydrophobicities. The HMSNs with large pore size can improve the encapsulation efficiency of both HGP100 and TRP2 after NH2 modification on the inner hollow core and COOH modification in the porous channels. HGP100 and TRP2 loaded HMSNs (HT@HMSNs) are further enveloped within monophosphoryl lipid A adjuvant entrapped lipid bilayer (HTM@HMLBs), for improved stability/biocompatibility and codelivery efficiency of multiple peptides, adjuvant, and enhanced antitumor immune responses. HTM@HMLBs increase uptake by dendritic cells (DCs) and stimulate DCs maturation efficiently, which further induce the activation of both tumor specific CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes. Moreover, HTM@HMLBs can significantly inhibit tumor growth and lung metastasis in murine melanoma models with good safety profiles. HMSNs enveloped with lipid bilayers (HMLBs) are believed to be a promising platform for codelivery of multiple peptides, adjuvant, and enhancement of antitumor efficacy of conventional vaccinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xie
- Tongji School of Pharmacy and National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430030, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Center for Nanomedicine, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chaohua Yang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy and National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Center for Nanomedicine, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ruijing Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Center for Nanomedicine, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chen Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Center for Nanomedicine, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Liping Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Center for Nanomedicine, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Khurram Shezad
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Center for Nanomedicine, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Martin Sullivan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Center for Nanomedicine, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Guanxin Shen
- Department of Immunology, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Juan Tao
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, HUST, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jintao Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Center for Nanomedicine, HUST, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy and National Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430030, China
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Xu H, Ruwona TB, Thakkar SG, Chen Y, Zeng M, Cui Z. Nasal aluminum (oxy)hydroxide enables adsorbed antigens to induce specific systemic and mucosal immune responses. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:2688-2694. [PMID: 28933668 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1365995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Some insoluble aluminum salts are commonly used in injectable vaccines as adjuvants to accelerate, prolong, or enhance the antigen-specific immune responses. Data from previous studies testing the nasal mucosal vaccine adjuvant activity of aluminum salts are conflicting. The present study is designed to further assess the feasibility of using aluminum salts in injectable vaccines as nasal mucosal vaccine adjuvants. Using Alhydrogel®, the international scientific standard of aluminum (oxy)hydroxide gels, and ovalbumin or 3 × M2e-HA2, a synthetic influenza virus fusion protein, as antigens, we showed in a mouse model that when dosed intranasally Alhydrogel® enables antigens adsorbed on it to induce stronger antigen-specific immune responses in both serum samples (e.g., specific IgG) and nasal and lung mucosal secretions (i.e., specific IgA) in all immunized mice, as compared with nasal immunization with the antigens alone. Rerouting insoluble aluminum salts in injectable vaccines may represent a viable approach for (nasal) mucosal vaccine adjuvant discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyue Xu
- a The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy , Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery , Austin , TX , USA
| | - Tinashe B Ruwona
- a The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy , Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery , Austin , TX , USA
| | - Sachin G Thakkar
- a The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy , Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery , Austin , TX , USA
| | - Yanping Chen
- b Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso , Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases , El Paso , TX , USA
| | - Mingtao Zeng
- b Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso , Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases , El Paso , TX , USA
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- a The University of Texas at Austin, College of Pharmacy , Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery , Austin , TX , USA.,c Inner Mongolia Medical University , Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology , Hohhot , Inner Mongolia , China
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Mohammadi-Shahrokhi V, Rezaei A, Andalib A, Rahnama A, Jafarzadeh A, Eskandari N. Immunomodulatory Effects of Adjuvants CPG, MPLA, and BCG on the Derp2-Induced Acute Asthma at Early Life in an Animal Model of BALB/c Mice. Inflammation 2017; 40:259-74. [PMID: 27896542 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0476-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The Th1- and Treg cell-related immune responses play key roles in the modulation of Th2 cell-related allergic disorders. The aim was to evaluate the effects of CPG, MPLA, and BCG on the number of Th1-, Th2-, and Treg cell-related parameters in an animal model of asthma. BALB/c mice were divided into five groups and immunized subcutaneously (SC) on days 1, 15, and 22 with allergen Derp2. Three groups of mice were pretreated SC on days 0, 14, and 21 with CPG, CPG + MPLA, or CPG + BCG. All mice were then challenged intranasally with Derp2 on days 28-37. Blood samples were collected from the retro-orbital sinus, on days 0, 23, and 40. The serum levels of IL-4, IFN-γ, IgE, and IgG2a were measured using ELISA technique. The blood number of Th1 and Treg cells was determined using flow cytometry. At the sensitization phase, the number of Th1 and the serum levels of IFN-γ and IgG2a were significantly increased in the Derp2-sensitized group pretreated with CPG plus MPLA, and the number of Treg cells was significantly elevated in Derp2-sensitized mice pretreated with CPG or CPG plus MPLA as compared with that in Derp2-sensitized control mice. At the challenge phase, the number of Th1 was significantly elevated in Derp2-sensitized mice pretreated with CPG plus MPLA, CPG plus BCG, or CPG; the count of Treg cells was significantly increased in Derp2-sensitized mice pretreated with CPG plus BCG group; and the levels of IFN-γ and IgG2a were significantly enhanced in the Derp2-sensitized group pretreated with CPG plus MPLA in comparison with those in Derp2-sensitized control mice. The scores of inflammation and mucus secretion in the lung were significantly decreased in the Derp2-sensitized group pretreated with CPG, BCG, and CPG plus MPLA in comparison with those in the Derp2-sensitized control group. These results showed that BCG, MPLA, and CPG modulate Th1-, Th2-, and Treg-related parameters and ameliorate lung inflammatory parameters in a mouse model of asthma.
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Abstract
Molecular adjuvants based off of pattern recognition receptor agonists are capable of potently stimulating innate immunity and inducing protective immune responses to subunit antigens. One significant disadvantage to these small molecule adjuvants is their pharmacokinetic profile of entering the blood stream rather than the lymphatics after parental injection. In order to target molecular adjuvants to lymph nodes, we have developed nanoparticle carriers whose size has been optimized to avoid the blood and efficiently drain to lymph nodes (Hanson et al. Vaccine 33:861-8,2015; Hanson et al. J Clin Invest 125:2532-2546, 2015). This chapter describes in detail the materials and procedures necessary to synthesize liposome nanoparticle carriers of either hydrophobic or hydrophilic adjuvants, including synthesis tips, alternative equipment options, and pitfalls to avoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa C Hanson
- Department of Cell Biology and Infection, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75015, Paris, France.
| | - Darrell J Irvine
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- The Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
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Fichter M, Piradashvili K, Pietrzak-Nguyen A, Pretsch L, Kuhn G, Strand S, Knuf M, Zepp F, Wurm FR, Mailänder V, Landfester K, Gehring S. Polymeric hepatitis C virus non-structural protein 5A nanocapsules induce intrahepatic antigen-specific immune responses. Biomaterials 2016; 108:1-12. [PMID: 27614817 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Targeting antigen combined with adjuvants to hepatic antigen-presenting cells (APCs) is essential for the induction of intrahepatic T cellular immunity controlling and resolving viral infections of the liver. Intravenous injection of antigen-loaded nanoparticles is a promising approach for the delivery of antigens to liver APCs. Accordingly, polymeric nanocapsules (NCs) synthesized exclusively of hepatitis C virus non-structural protein 5A (NS5A) and the adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) adsorbed to the nanocapsule surface were developed. Aim of the present study was the evaluation of the in vitro and in vivo behavior of MPLA-functionalized NS5A-NCs regarding the interaction with liver dendritic cells (DCs) and the potential to induce intrahepatic immune responses in a mouse model. Maturation of DCs was significantly increased by application of NS5A+MPLA-NCs compared to non-functionalized NS5A-NCs promoting a vigorous expression of CD40, CD80, CD86 and a strong secretion of the Th1-related cytokine IL-12. NS5A-NCs were preferentially deposited in DCs and Kupffer cells residing in the liver after intravenous administration. Immunization with NS5A-NCs induced intrahepatic antigen-specific CD4(+) T cellular immune responses determined by the secretion of IFNγ and IL-2. Furthermore, supplementation with MPLA induced significant levels of NS5A-specific antibodies. The application of polymeric nanocapsules synthesized exclusively out of antigen avoids the risk of unintended side effects caused by additional carrier substances. Functionalization with adjuvants like MPLA and the efficient targeting to liver-resident APCs inherits the potential for application of antigen nanocapsules in further vaccination approaches against pathogens affecting the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Fichter
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Keti Piradashvili
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anette Pietrzak-Nguyen
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Leah Pretsch
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Gabor Kuhn
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Susanne Strand
- III. Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Knuf
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany; Children's Hospital, Dr. Horst-Schmidt-Kliniken, Ludwig-Erhard-Str. 100, 65199, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Fred Zepp
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany; Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Gehring
- Children's Hospital, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131, Mainz, Germany.
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Moon SH, Shin EC, Noh YW, Lim YT. Evaluation of hyaluronic acid-based combination adjuvant containing monophosphoryl lipid A and aluminum salt for hepatitis B vaccine. Vaccine 2015; 33:4762-9. [PMID: 26271830 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Here, monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) and aluminum salt (Alum) were introduced into a hyaluronic acid (HA)-based combination vaccine adjuvant for hepatitis B vaccine (HBV). Although Alum is a well-known hepatitis B vaccine adjuvant that induces an enhanced humoral immune response, it cannot induce the cellular immune responses. On the other hand, MPLA has been generally reported to promote IFN-γ production via antigen-specific CD4(+) T cells, but it is not water soluble as a result of its long hydrophobic alkyl chains. To this end, water insoluble MPLA could be solubilized in an aqueous solution with the help of HA, which contains many carboxyl and hydroxyl groups that can be used to attach to the hydroxyl head groups of MPLA via hydrogen bonds. Three groups of mice were treated with either hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) alone, HBsAg_Alum complex, or HBsAg_Alum_MPLA/HA complex. The group immunized with the HBsAg_Alum_MPLA/HA complex exhibited a high increase in cellular immune response as well as in humoral immune response relative to the other two groups. The antibody, cytokine and T cell levels were most elevated in the group of mice immunized with HBsAg_Alum_MPLA/HA complex, even at a 1μg/mice dose, and the magnitude was still maintained even after 8 weeks. Specifically, the antibody value was 120 times larger in mice vaccinated with HBsAg_Alum_MPLA/HA complex than in mice vaccinated with HBsAg_Alum complex designed similar to commercially available hepatitis B vaccine, Engerix B. The cytokine and T cell proliferation levels were 2 times and 6 times larger in mice adjuvanted with HBsAg_Alum_MPLA/HA complex than in those vaccinated with HBsAg_Alum. The results therefore indicate that incorporating MPLA and Alum with HA can be a potent strategy to increase both the magnitude and the persistence of HBsAg-specific immune responses to protect hosts against hepatitis B virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-hee Moon
- Nanomedical Systems Laboratory, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woock Noh
- Nanomedical Systems Laboratory, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Taik Lim
- Nanomedical Systems Laboratory, SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea.
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Pouliot K, Buglione-Corbett R, Marty-Roix R, Montminy-Paquette S, West K, Wang S, Lu S, Lien E. Contribution of TLR4 and MyD88 for adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A ( MPLA) activity in a DNA prime-protein boost HIV-1 vaccine. Vaccine 2014; 32:5049-56. [PMID: 25045815 PMCID: PMC10687719 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant protein vaccines are commonly formulated with an immune-stimulatory compound, or adjuvant, to boost immune responses to a particular antigen. Recent studies have shown that, through recognition of molecular motifs, receptors of the innate immune system are involved in the functions of adjuvants to generate and direct adaptive immune responses. However, it is not clear to which degree those receptors are also important when the adjuvant is used as part of a novel heterologous prime-boost immunization process in which the priming and boosting components are not the same type of vaccines. In the current study, we compared the immune responses elicited by a pentavalent HIV-1 DNA prime-protein boost vaccine in mice deficient in either Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) or myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) to wildtype mice. HIV gp120 protein administered in the boost phase was formulated with either monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA), QS-21, or Al(OH)3. Endpoint antibody titer, serum cytokine response and T-cell memory response were assessed. Neither TLR4 nor MyD88 deficiency had a significant effect on the immune response of mice given vaccine formulated with QS-21 or Al(OH)3. However, TLR4- and MyD88-deficiency decreased both the antibody and T-cell responses in mice administered HIV gp120 formulated with MPLA. These results further our understanding of the activation of TLR4 and MyD88 by MPLA in the context of a DNA prime/protein boost immunization strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Pouliot
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Program in Innate Immunity, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Rachel Buglione-Corbett
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Vaccines, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Robyn Marty-Roix
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Program in Innate Immunity, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Sara Montminy-Paquette
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Program in Innate Immunity, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Kim West
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Vaccines, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Shixia Wang
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Vaccines, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Shan Lu
- Laboratory of Nucleic Acid Vaccines, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Egil Lien
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Program in Innate Immunity, Worcester, MA 01605, United States; Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Dept. of Cancer and Molecular Medicine, NTNU, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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Kolanowski STHM, Dieker MC, Lissenberg-Thunnissen SN, van Schijndel GMW, van Ham SM, ten Brinke A. TLR4-mediated pro-inflammatory dendritic cell differentiation in humans requires the combined action of MyD88 and TRIF. Innate Immun 2013; 20:423-30. [PMID: 23941760 DOI: 10.1177/1753425913498626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
TLR4 ligation can activate both the MyD88 and the Toll-IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-β (TRIF) signaling route. Whereas MyD88 is generally recognized as a universal adaptor for pro-inflammatory responses, TRIF is mainly thought to contribute to specific type I IFN responses. Here, we investigated the contribution of both MyD88 and TRIF to TLR4-mediated pro-inflammatory dendritic cell (DC) differentiation in human. Pro-inflammatory cytokine induction was strongly decreased in monophosphoryl lipid A- and LPS-matured monocyte-derived DCs when either MyD88 or TRIF were down-regulated by small interfering RNA electroporation. Induction of co-stimulatory molecule expression was entirely dependent on the TRIF pathway. Our results demonstrate that in human DCs the TRIF pathway is important for overall pro-inflammatory DC differentiation via TLR4 by mediating co-stimulation and playing a non-redundant role in pro-inflammatory cytokine induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja T H M Kolanowski
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Blood Supply, Division Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Hu X, Liu R, Zhu N. Enhancement of humoral and cellular immune responses by monophosphoryl lipid A ( MPLA) as an adjuvant to the rabies vaccine in BALB/c mice. Immunobiology 2013; 218:1524-8. [PMID: 23816301 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The development of effective vaccines against the rabies virus could prevent infection with this fatal virus. However, the current rabies vaccine fails to provide a full range of protection because of its limited ability to elicit a cellular immune response and the requirement for repeat vaccination. Monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) is well known as a potent adjuvant to enhance immune responses against virus infection. Here we investigated the efficacy of MPLA as an adjuvant to improve the humoral and cellular immune responses to the rabies vaccine in BALB/c mice. Supplementation of the rabies vaccine with MPLA significantly accelerated the production of specific antibodies by 10 days compared to the original vaccines. Furthermore, MPLA promoted the induction of stronger cellular immune responses by the rabies vaccine, including the production of IL-4, IFN-γ and the activation of CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cells, than those elicited without MPLA. Collectively, our findings indicated that MPLA enhances humoral and cellular immunity and is a promising adjuvant for the development of more effective rabies vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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