1
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Rosenberg E, Andersen TI, Samajdar R, Petukhov A, Hoke JC, Abanin D, Bengtsson A, Drozdov IK, Erickson C, Klimov PV, Mi X, Morvan A, Neeley M, Neill C, Acharya R, Allen R, Anderson K, Ansmann M, Arute F, Arya K, Asfaw A, Atalaya J, Bardin JC, Bilmes A, Bortoli G, Bourassa A, Bovaird J, Brill L, Broughton M, Buckley BB, Buell DA, Burger T, Burkett B, Bushnell N, Campero J, Chang HS, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Chik D, Cogan J, Collins R, Conner P, Courtney W, Crook AL, Curtin B, Debroy DM, Barba ADT, Demura S, Di Paolo A, Dunsworth A, Earle C, Faoro L, Farhi E, Fatemi R, Ferreira VS, Burgos LF, Forati E, Fowler AG, Foxen B, Garcia G, Genois É, Giang W, Gidney C, Gilboa D, Giustina M, Gosula R, Dau AG, Gross JA, Habegger S, Hamilton MC, Hansen M, Harrigan MP, Harrington SD, Heu P, Hill G, Hoffmann MR, Hong S, Huang T, Huff A, Huggins WJ, Ioffe LB, Isakov SV, Iveland J, Jeffrey E, Jiang Z, Jones C, Juhas P, Kafri D, Khattar T, Khezri M, Kieferová M, Kim S, Kitaev A, Klots AR, Korotkov AN, Kostritsa F, Kreikebaum JM, Landhuis D, Laptev P, Lau KM, Laws L, Lee J, Lee KW, Lensky YD, Lester BJ, Lill AT, Liu W, Locharla A, Mandrà S, Martin O, Martin S, McClean JR, McEwen M, Meeks S, Miao KC, Mieszala A, Montazeri S, Movassagh R, Mruczkiewicz W, Nersisyan A, Newman M, Ng JH, Nguyen A, Nguyen M, Niu MY, O'Brien TE, Omonije S, Opremcak A, Potter R, Pryadko LP, Quintana C, Rhodes DM, Rocque C, Rubin NC, Saei N, Sank D, Sankaragomathi K, Satzinger KJ, Schurkus HF, Schuster C, Shearn MJ, Shorter A, Shutty N, Shvarts V, Sivak V, Skruzny J, Smith WC, Somma RD, Sterling G, Strain D, Szalay M, Thor D, Torres A, Vidal G, Villalonga B, Heidweiller CV, White T, Woo BWK, Xing C, Yao ZJ, Yeh P, Yoo J, Young G, Zalcman A, Zhang Y, Zhu N, Zobrist N, Neven H, Babbush R, Bacon D, Boixo S, Hilton J, Lucero E, Megrant A, Kelly J, Chen Y, Smelyanskiy V, Khemani V, Gopalakrishnan S, Prosen T, Roushan P. Dynamics of magnetization at infinite temperature in a Heisenberg spin chain. Science 2024; 384:48-53. [PMID: 38574139 DOI: 10.1126/science.adi7877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Understanding universal aspects of quantum dynamics is an unresolved problem in statistical mechanics. In particular, the spin dynamics of the one-dimensional Heisenberg model were conjectured as to belong to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class based on the scaling of the infinite-temperature spin-spin correlation function. In a chain of 46 superconducting qubits, we studied the probability distribution of the magnetization transferred across the chain's center, [Formula: see text]. The first two moments of [Formula: see text] show superdiffusive behavior, a hallmark of KPZ universality. However, the third and fourth moments ruled out the KPZ conjecture and allow for evaluating other theories. Our results highlight the importance of studying higher moments in determining dynamic universality classes and provide insights into universal behavior in quantum systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Rosenberg
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - R Samajdar
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Princeton Center for Theoretical Science, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - J C Hoke
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - D Abanin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - I K Drozdov
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | | | | | - X Mi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Morvan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Neeley
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Neill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Acharya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Allen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M Ansmann
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - F Arute
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K Arya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Asfaw
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Atalaya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J C Bardin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - A Bilmes
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Bortoli
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J Bovaird
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L Brill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - D A Buell
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T Burger
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Burkett
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J Campero
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - H-S Chang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Z Chen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Chiaro
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Chik
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Cogan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Collins
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Conner
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - A L Crook
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Curtin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - S Demura
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - C Earle
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L Faoro
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Farhi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - E Forati
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - B Foxen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Garcia
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - É Genois
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W Giang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Gidney
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Gilboa
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - R Gosula
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J A Gross
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M C Hamilton
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - M Hansen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - P Heu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Hill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - S Hong
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T Huang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Huff
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - L B Ioffe
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J Iveland
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Jeffrey
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Z Jiang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Jones
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Juhas
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Kafri
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T Khattar
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Khezri
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Kieferová
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- QSI, Faculty of Engineering & Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - S Kim
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Kitaev
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A R Klots
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A N Korotkov
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - P Laptev
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K-M Lau
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L Laws
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Lee
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - K W Lee
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - A T Lill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W Liu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - S Mandrà
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - O Martin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - S Martin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M McEwen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - S Meeks
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K C Miao
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - M Newman
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J H Ng
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Nguyen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Nguyen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Y Niu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - S Omonije
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - R Potter
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L P Pryadko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | | | - C Rocque
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N C Rubin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Saei
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Sank
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A Shorter
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Shutty
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - V Shvarts
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - V Sivak
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Skruzny
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - R D Somma
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - D Strain
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Szalay
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Thor
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Torres
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Vidal
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - T White
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B W K Woo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Xing
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - P Yeh
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Yoo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Young
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Zalcman
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Zhu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Zobrist
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - H Neven
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Babbush
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Bacon
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - S Boixo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Hilton
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Lucero
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Megrant
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Kelly
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Y Chen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - V Khemani
- Department of Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | - T Prosen
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - P Roushan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
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2
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Mi X, Michailidis AA, Shabani S, Miao KC, Klimov PV, Lloyd J, Rosenberg E, Acharya R, Aleiner I, Andersen TI, Ansmann M, Arute F, Arya K, Asfaw A, Atalaya J, Bardin JC, Bengtsson A, Bortoli G, Bourassa A, Bovaird J, Brill L, Broughton M, Buckley BB, Buell DA, Burger T, Burkett B, Bushnell N, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Chik D, Chou C, Cogan J, Collins R, Conner P, Courtney W, Crook AL, Curtin B, Dau AG, Debroy DM, Del Toro Barba A, Demura S, Di Paolo A, Drozdov IK, Dunsworth A, Erickson C, Faoro L, Farhi E, Fatemi R, Ferreira VS, Burgos LF, Forati E, Fowler AG, Foxen B, Genois É, Giang W, Gidney C, Gilboa D, Giustina M, Gosula R, Gross JA, Habegger S, Hamilton MC, Hansen M, Harrigan MP, Harrington SD, Heu P, Hoffmann MR, Hong S, Huang T, Huff A, Huggins WJ, Ioffe LB, Isakov SV, Iveland J, Jeffrey E, Jiang Z, Jones C, Juhas P, Kafri D, Kechedzhi K, Khattar T, Khezri M, Kieferová M, Kim S, Kitaev A, Klots AR, Korotkov AN, Kostritsa F, Kreikebaum JM, Landhuis D, Laptev P, Lau KM, Laws L, Lee J, Lee KW, Lensky YD, Lester BJ, Lill AT, Liu W, Locharla A, Malone FD, Martin O, McClean JR, McEwen M, Mieszala A, Montazeri S, Morvan A, Movassagh R, Mruczkiewicz W, Neeley M, Neill C, Nersisyan A, Newman M, Ng JH, Nguyen A, Nguyen M, Niu MY, O'Brien TE, Opremcak A, Petukhov A, Potter R, Pryadko LP, Quintana C, Rocque C, Rubin NC, Saei N, Sank D, Sankaragomathi K, Satzinger KJ, Schurkus HF, Schuster C, Shearn MJ, Shorter A, Shutty N, Shvarts V, Skruzny J, Smith WC, Somma R, Sterling G, Strain D, Szalay M, Torres A, Vidal G, Villalonga B, Heidweiller CV, White T, Woo BWK, Xing C, Yao ZJ, Yeh P, Yoo J, Young G, Zalcman A, Zhang Y, Zhu N, Zobrist N, Neven H, Babbush R, Bacon D, Boixo S, Hilton J, Lucero E, Megrant A, Kelly J, Chen Y, Roushan P, Smelyanskiy V, Abanin DA. Stable quantum-correlated many-body states through engineered dissipation. Science 2024; 383:1332-1337. [PMID: 38513021 DOI: 10.1126/science.adh9932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Engineered dissipative reservoirs have the potential to steer many-body quantum systems toward correlated steady states useful for quantum simulation of high-temperature superconductivity or quantum magnetism. Using up to 49 superconducting qubits, we prepared low-energy states of the transverse-field Ising model through coupling to dissipative auxiliary qubits. In one dimension, we observed long-range quantum correlations and a ground-state fidelity of 0.86 for 18 qubits at the critical point. In two dimensions, we found mutual information that extends beyond nearest neighbors. Lastly, by coupling the system to auxiliaries emulating reservoirs with different chemical potentials, we explored transport in the quantum Heisenberg model. Our results establish engineered dissipation as a scalable alternative to unitary evolution for preparing entangled many-body states on noisy quantum processors.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Mi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A A Michailidis
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - S Shabani
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K C Miao
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J Lloyd
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - R Acharya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - I Aleiner
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M Ansmann
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - F Arute
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K Arya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Asfaw
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Atalaya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J C Bardin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | | | - G Bortoli
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J Bovaird
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L Brill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - D A Buell
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T Burger
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Burkett
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - Z Chen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Chiaro
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Chik
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Chou
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Cogan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Collins
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Conner
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - A L Crook
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Curtin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A G Dau
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - S Demura
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - L Faoro
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Farhi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - E Forati
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - B Foxen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - É Genois
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W Giang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Gidney
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Gilboa
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - R Gosula
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J A Gross
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M C Hamilton
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - M Hansen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - P Heu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - S Hong
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T Huang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Huff
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - L B Ioffe
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J Iveland
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Jeffrey
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Z Jiang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Jones
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Juhas
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Kafri
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - T Khattar
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Khezri
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Kieferová
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Centre for Quantum Software and Information (QSI), Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - S Kim
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Kitaev
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A R Klots
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A N Korotkov
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - P Laptev
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K-M Lau
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L Laws
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Lee
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - K W Lee
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - A T Lill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W Liu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - O Martin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M McEwen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - A Morvan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - M Neeley
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Neill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M Newman
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J H Ng
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Nguyen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Nguyen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Y Niu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - R Potter
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L P Pryadko
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | - C Rocque
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N C Rubin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Saei
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Sank
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A Shorter
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Shutty
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - V Shvarts
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Skruzny
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W C Smith
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Somma
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - D Strain
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Szalay
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Torres
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Vidal
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - T White
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B W K Woo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Xing
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Z J Yao
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Yeh
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Yoo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Young
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Zalcman
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Zhu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Zobrist
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - H Neven
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Babbush
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Bacon
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - S Boixo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Hilton
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Lucero
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Megrant
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Kelly
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Y Chen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Roushan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - D A Abanin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Physics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
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3
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Habib A, Liang Y, Xu X, Zhu N, Xie J. Immunoinformatic Identification of Multiple Epitopes of gp120 Protein of HIV-1 to Enhance the Immune Response against HIV-1 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2432. [PMID: 38397105 PMCID: PMC10889372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), and a significant number of fatalities occur annually. There is a dire need to develop an effective vaccine against HIV-1. Understanding the structural proteins of viruses helps in designing a vaccine based on immunogenic peptides. In the current experiment, we identified gp120 epitopes using bioinformatic epitope prediction tools, molecular docking, and MD simulations. The Gb-1 peptide was considered an adjuvant. Consecutive sequences of GTG, GSG, GGTGG, and GGGGS linkers were used to bind the B cell, Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL), and Helper T Lymphocytes (HTL) epitopes. The final vaccine construct consisted of 315 amino acids and is expected to be a recombinant protein of approximately 35.49 kDa. Based on docking experiments, molecular dynamics simulations, and tertiary structure validation, the analysis of the modeled protein indicates that it possesses a stable structure and can interact with Toll-like receptors. The analysis demonstrates that the proposed vaccine can provoke an immunological response by activating T and B cells, as well as stimulating the release of IgA and IgG antibodies. This vaccine shows potential for HIV-1 prophylaxis. The in-silico design suggests that multiple-epitope constructs can be used as potentially effective immunogens for HIV-1 vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Habib
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (A.H.); (X.X.); (N.Z.)
| | - Yulai Liang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (A.H.); (X.X.); (N.Z.)
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (A.H.); (X.X.); (N.Z.)
| | - Naishuo Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (A.H.); (X.X.); (N.Z.)
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; (A.H.); (X.X.); (N.Z.)
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4
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Liu J, Chang Y, Zhu N, Zhang Y. Dynamic navigation-assisted bone ring technique for partially edentulous patients with severe vertical ridge defects. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024:S0901-5027(24)00009-2. [PMID: 38278686 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2024.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The autogenous bone ring technique is among the approaches for vertical alveolar ridge augmentation, and this technique can enable simultaneous implantation. However, the outcomes can be compromised due to donor site morbidity, shifting of the bone ring graft positioning, and inaccurate implant placement. In recent decades, dynamic navigation systems have been introduced into the field of implantology, allowing the accuracy of outcomes to be improved. This Technical Note describes the use of dynamic navigation to guide bone ring surgery, which is expected to enable more precise and predictable bone augmentation and implantation procedures, reduce the risk of injuries to the adjacent anatomical structures, and achieve better treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Liu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Y Chang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - N Zhu
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, PR China.
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5
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Wang X, Zhu N, Zeng W, Wang P. Hemoglobin variability in patients receiving EPO and roxadustat during maintenance hemodialysis: a self-control study. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2024; 28:303-309. [PMID: 38235900 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202401_34917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the hemoglobin variability in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis during the application of erythropoietin (EPO) and roxadustat. PATIENTS AND METHODS For this retrospective study, we analyzed the clinical records of 80 patients with renal anemia on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) admitted to our hospital between January 2017 and December 2022. We adopted a self-control design comparing the hemoglobin variability of the values before and after roxadustat administration in each patient. The patients received EPO from January 2017 to December 2019 and roxadustat from January 2020 to December 2022. We compared the levels of serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, and hemoglobin and calculated the hemoglobin variabilities by comparing values before and after roxadustat treatments. RESULTS We found higher transferrin saturation levels at different time points after the roxadustat treatments (p<0.01); meanwhile, the serum ferritin and hemoglobin levels were significantly higher after the roxadustat treatment (p<0.001). During the treatments with EPO and roxadustat, the transferrin saturation, serum ferritin, and hemoglobin levels differed significantly at different time points for each patient (p<0.05). After roxadustat administration, the hemoglobin levels were significantly higher than after EPO administration (p<0.001) and changed more rapidly after roxadustat administration than after EPO administration (p<0.05). The hemoglobin variability after roxadustat administration was significantly lower than that after EPO administration (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Treatment with roxadustat led to higher hemoglobin levels and less hemoglobin variability than the treatment with EPO, with high transferrin saturation and higher ferritin levels in patients with renal anemia on MHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- Department of Blood Purification Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.
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6
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Habib A, Liang Y, Zhu N. Exosomes multifunctional roles in HIV-1: insight into the immune regulation, vaccine development and current progress in delivery system. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1249133. [PMID: 37965312 PMCID: PMC10642161 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1249133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1) is known to establish a persistent latent infection. The use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) can effectively reduce the viral load, but the treatment can be costly and may lead to the development of drug resistance and life-shortening side effects. It is important to develop an ideal and safer in vivo target therapy that will effectively block viral replication and expression in the body. Exosomes have recently emerged as a promising drug delivery vehicle due to their low immunogenicity, nanoscale size (30-150nm), high biocompatibility, and stability in the targeted area. Exosomes, which are genetically produced by different types of cells such as dendritic cells, neurons, T and B cells, epithelial cells, tumor cells, and mast cells, are designed for efficient delivery to targeted cells. In this article, we review and highlight recent developments in the strategy and application of exosome-based HIV-1 vaccines. We also discuss the use of exosome-based antigen delivery systems in vaccine development. HIV-1 antigen can be loaded into exosomes, and this modified cargo can be delivered to target cells or tissues through different loading approaches. This review also discusses the immunological prospects of exosomes and their role as biomarkers in disease progression. However, there are significant administrative and technological obstacles that need to be overcome to fully harness the potential of exosome drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Habib
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulai Liang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Naishuo Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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7
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Hoke JC, Ippoliti M, Rosenberg E, Abanin D, Acharya R, Andersen TI, Ansmann M, Arute F, Arya K, Asfaw A, Atalaya J, Bardin JC, Bengtsson A, Bortoli G, Bourassa A, Bovaird J, Brill L, Broughton M, Buckley BB, Buell DA, Burger T, Burkett B, Bushnell N, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Chik D, Cogan J, Collins R, Conner P, Courtney W, Crook AL, Curtin B, Dau AG, Debroy DM, Del Toro Barba A, Demura S, Di Paolo A, Drozdov IK, Dunsworth A, Eppens D, Erickson C, Farhi E, Fatemi R, Ferreira VS, Burgos LF, Forati E, Fowler AG, Foxen B, Giang W, Gidney C, Gilboa D, Giustina M, Gosula R, Gross JA, Habegger S, Hamilton MC, Hansen M, Harrigan MP, Harrington SD, Heu P, Hoffmann MR, Hong S, Huang T, Huff A, Huggins WJ, Isakov SV, Iveland J, Jeffrey E, Jiang Z, Jones C, Juhas P, Kafri D, Kechedzhi K, Khattar T, Khezri M, Kieferová M, Kim S, Kitaev A, Klimov PV, Klots AR, Korotkov AN, Kostritsa F, Kreikebaum JM, Landhuis D, Laptev P, Lau KM, Laws L, Lee J, Lee KW, Lensky YD, Lester BJ, Lill AT, Liu W, Locharla A, Martin O, McClean JR, McEwen M, Miao KC, Mieszala A, Montazeri S, Morvan A, Movassagh R, Mruczkiewicz W, Neeley M, Neill C, Nersisyan A, Newman M, Ng JH, Nguyen A, Nguyen M, Niu MY, O’Brien TE, Omonije S, Opremcak A, Petukhov A, Potter R, Pryadko LP, Quintana C, Rocque C, Rubin NC, Saei N, Sank D, Sankaragomathi K, Satzinger KJ, Schurkus HF, Schuster C, Shearn MJ, Shorter A, Shutty N, Shvarts V, Skruzny J, Smith WC, Somma R, Sterling G, Strain D, Szalay M, Torres A, Vidal G, Villalonga B, Heidweiller CV, White T, Woo BWK, Xing C, Yao ZJ, Yeh P, Yoo J, Young G, Zalcman A, Zhang Y, Zhu N, Zobrist N, Neven H, Babbush R, Bacon D, Boixo S, Hilton J, Lucero E, Megrant A, Kelly J, Chen Y, Smelyanskiy V, Mi X, Khemani V, Roushan P. Measurement-induced entanglement and teleportation on a noisy quantum processor. Nature 2023; 622:481-486. [PMID: 37853150 PMCID: PMC10584681 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06505-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Measurement has a special role in quantum theory1: by collapsing the wavefunction, it can enable phenomena such as teleportation2 and thereby alter the 'arrow of time' that constrains unitary evolution. When integrated in many-body dynamics, measurements can lead to emergent patterns of quantum information in space-time3-10 that go beyond the established paradigms for characterizing phases, either in or out of equilibrium11-13. For present-day noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors14, the experimental realization of such physics can be problematic because of hardware limitations and the stochastic nature of quantum measurement. Here we address these experimental challenges and study measurement-induced quantum information phases on up to 70 superconducting qubits. By leveraging the interchangeability of space and time, we use a duality mapping9,15-17 to avoid mid-circuit measurement and access different manifestations of the underlying phases, from entanglement scaling3,4 to measurement-induced teleportation18. We obtain finite-sized signatures of a phase transition with a decoding protocol that correlates the experimental measurement with classical simulation data. The phases display remarkably different sensitivity to noise, and we use this disparity to turn an inherent hardware limitation into a useful diagnostic. Our work demonstrates an approach to realizing measurement-induced physics at scales that are at the limits of current NISQ processors.
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8
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Andersen TI, Lensky YD, Kechedzhi K, Drozdov IK, Bengtsson A, Hong S, Morvan A, Mi X, Opremcak A, Acharya R, Allen R, Ansmann M, Arute F, Arya K, Asfaw A, Atalaya J, Babbush R, Bacon D, Bardin JC, Bortoli G, Bourassa A, Bovaird J, Brill L, Broughton M, Buckley BB, Buell DA, Burger T, Burkett B, Bushnell N, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Chik D, Chou C, Cogan J, Collins R, Conner P, Courtney W, Crook AL, Curtin B, Debroy DM, Del Toro Barba A, Demura S, Dunsworth A, Eppens D, Erickson C, Faoro L, Farhi E, Fatemi R, Ferreira VS, Burgos LF, Forati E, Fowler AG, Foxen B, Giang W, Gidney C, Gilboa D, Giustina M, Gosula R, Dau AG, Gross JA, Habegger S, Hamilton MC, Hansen M, Harrigan MP, Harrington SD, Heu P, Hilton J, Hoffmann MR, Huang T, Huff A, Huggins WJ, Ioffe LB, Isakov SV, Iveland J, Jeffrey E, Jiang Z, Jones C, Juhas P, Kafri D, Khattar T, Khezri M, Kieferová M, Kim S, Kitaev A, Klimov PV, Klots AR, Korotkov AN, Kostritsa F, Kreikebaum JM, Landhuis D, Laptev P, Lau KM, Laws L, Lee J, Lee KW, Lester BJ, Lill AT, Liu W, Locharla A, Lucero E, Malone FD, Martin O, McClean JR, McCourt T, McEwen M, Miao KC, Mieszala A, Mohseni M, Montazeri S, Mount E, Movassagh R, Mruczkiewicz W, Naaman O, Neeley M, Neill C, Nersisyan A, Newman M, Ng JH, Nguyen A, Nguyen M, Niu MY, O’Brien TE, Omonije S, Petukhov A, Potter R, Pryadko LP, Quintana C, Rocque C, Rubin NC, Saei N, Sank D, Sankaragomathi K, Satzinger KJ, Schurkus HF, Schuster C, Shearn MJ, Shorter A, Shutty N, Shvarts V, Skruzny J, Smith WC, Somma R, Sterling G, Strain D, Szalay M, Torres A, Vidal G, Villalonga B, Heidweiller CV, White T, Woo BWK, Xing C, Yao ZJ, Yeh P, Yoo J, Young G, Zalcman A, Zhang Y, Zhu N, Zobrist N, Neven H, Boixo S, Megrant A, Kelly J, Chen Y, Smelyanskiy V, Kim EA, Aleiner I, Roushan P. Non-Abelian braiding of graph vertices in a superconducting processor. Nature 2023; 618:264-269. [PMID: 37169834 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05954-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Indistinguishability of particles is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics1. For all elementary and quasiparticles observed to date-including fermions, bosons and Abelian anyons-this principle guarantees that the braiding of identical particles leaves the system unchanged2,3. However, in two spatial dimensions, an intriguing possibility exists: braiding of non-Abelian anyons causes rotations in a space of topologically degenerate wavefunctions4-8. Hence, it can change the observables of the system without violating the principle of indistinguishability. Despite the well-developed mathematical description of non-Abelian anyons and numerous theoretical proposals9-22, the experimental observation of their exchange statistics has remained elusive for decades. Controllable many-body quantum states generated on quantum processors offer another path for exploring these fundamental phenomena. Whereas efforts on conventional solid-state platforms typically involve Hamiltonian dynamics of quasiparticles, superconducting quantum processors allow for directly manipulating the many-body wavefunction by means of unitary gates. Building on predictions that stabilizer codes can host projective non-Abelian Ising anyons9,10, we implement a generalized stabilizer code and unitary protocol23 to create and braid them. This allows us to experimentally verify the fusion rules of the anyons and braid them to realize their statistics. We then study the prospect of using the anyons for quantum computation and use braiding to create an entangled state of anyons encoding three logical qubits. Our work provides new insights about non-Abelian braiding and, through the future inclusion of error correction to achieve topological protection, could open a path towards fault-tolerant quantum computing.
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9
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Otter JA, Zhou J, Price JR, Reeves L, Zhu N, Randell P, Sriskandan S, Barclay WS, Holmes AH. SARS-CoV-2 surface and air contamination in an acute healthcare setting during the first and second pandemic waves. J Hosp Infect 2023; 132:36-45. [PMID: 36435307 PMCID: PMC9683853 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surfaces and air in healthcare facilities can be contaminated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Previously, the authors identified SARS-CoV-2 RNA on surfaces and air in their hospital during the first wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic (April 2020). AIM To explore whether the profile of SARS-CoV-2 surface and air contamination had changed between April 2020 and January 2021. METHODS This was a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study in a multi-site London hospital. In January 2021, surface and air samples were collected from comparable areas to those sampled in April 2020, comprising six clinical areas and a public area. SARS-CoV-2 was detected using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and viral culture. Sampling was also undertaken in two wards with natural ventilation alone. The ability of the prevalent variants at the time of the study to survive on dry surfaces was evaluated. FINDINGS No viable virus was recovered from surfaces or air. Five percent (N=14) of 270 surface samples and 4% (N=1) of 27 air samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2, which was significantly lower than in April 2020 [52% (N=114) of 218 surface samples and 48% (N=13) of 27 air samples (P<0.001, Fisher's exact test)]. There was no clear difference in the proportion of surface and air samples positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA based on the type of ventilation in the ward. All variants tested survived on dry surfaces for >72 h, with a <3-log10 reduction in viable count. CONCLUSION This study suggests that enhanced infection prevention measures have reduced the burden of SARS-CoV-2 RNA on surfaces and air in healthcare facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Otter
- National Institute for Healthcare Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London & Public Health England, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK; Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - J Zhou
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - J R Price
- National Institute for Healthcare Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London & Public Health England, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
| | - L Reeves
- National Institute for Healthcare Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London & Public Health England, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - N Zhu
- National Institute for Healthcare Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London & Public Health England, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - P Randell
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
| | - S Sriskandan
- National Institute for Healthcare Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London & Public Health England, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
| | - W S Barclay
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - A H Holmes
- National Institute for Healthcare Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London & Public Health England, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK; Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
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10
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Zhao YK, Xie K, Bao LW, Chen YF, Luo XP, Shi HM, Zhu N, Yang MJ, Cheng X, Wang HY, Li J. [Recurrent syncope of unknown origin after ICD implantation: a case report]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2022; 61:1366-1369. [PMID: 36456520 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20211208-00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Y K Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - K Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - L W Bao
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Y F Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - X P Luo
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - H M Shi
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - N Zhu
- Department of Respiratory, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - M J Yang
- Department of Emergency, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - X Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - H Y Wang
- Department of Medical Department, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Cardiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
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11
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Morvan A, Andersen TI, Mi X, Neill C, Petukhov A, Kechedzhi K, Abanin DA, Michailidis A, Acharya R, Arute F, Arya K, Asfaw A, Atalaya J, Bardin JC, Basso J, Bengtsson A, Bortoli G, Bourassa A, Bovaird J, Brill L, Broughton M, Buckley BB, Buell DA, Burger T, Burkett B, Bushnell N, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Collins R, Conner P, Courtney W, Crook AL, Curtin B, Debroy DM, Del Toro Barba A, Demura S, Dunsworth A, Eppens D, Erickson C, Faoro L, Farhi E, Fatemi R, Flores Burgos L, Forati E, Fowler AG, Foxen B, Giang W, Gidney C, Gilboa D, Giustina M, Grajales Dau A, Gross JA, Habegger S, Hamilton MC, Harrigan MP, Harrington SD, Hoffmann M, Hong S, Huang T, Huff A, Huggins WJ, Isakov SV, Iveland J, Jeffrey E, Jiang Z, Jones C, Juhas P, Kafri D, Khattar T, Khezri M, Kieferová M, Kim S, Kitaev AY, Klimov PV, Klots AR, Korotkov AN, Kostritsa F, Kreikebaum JM, Landhuis D, Laptev P, Lau KM, Laws L, Lee J, Lee KW, Lester BJ, Lill AT, Liu W, Locharla A, Malone F, Martin O, McClean JR, McEwen M, Meurer Costa B, Miao KC, Mohseni M, Montazeri S, Mount E, Mruczkiewicz W, Naaman O, Neeley M, Nersisyan A, Newman M, Nguyen A, Nguyen M, Niu MY, O'Brien TE, Olenewa R, Opremcak A, Potter R, Quintana C, Rubin NC, Saei N, Sank D, Sankaragomathi K, Satzinger KJ, Schurkus HF, Schuster C, Shearn MJ, Shorter A, Shvarts V, Skruzny J, Smith WC, Strain D, Sterling G, Su Y, Szalay M, Torres A, Vidal G, Villalonga B, Vollgraff-Heidweiller C, White T, Xing C, Yao Z, Yeh P, Yoo J, Zalcman A, Zhang Y, Zhu N, Neven H, Bacon D, Hilton J, Lucero E, Babbush R, Boixo S, Megrant A, Kelly J, Chen Y, Smelyanskiy V, Aleiner I, Ioffe LB, Roushan P. Formation of robust bound states of interacting microwave photons. Nature 2022; 612:240-245. [PMID: 36477133 PMCID: PMC9729104 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05348-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Systems of correlated particles appear in many fields of modern science and represent some of the most intractable computational problems in nature. The computational challenge in these systems arises when interactions become comparable to other energy scales, which makes the state of each particle depend on all other particles1. The lack of general solutions for the three-body problem and acceptable theory for strongly correlated electrons shows that our understanding of correlated systems fades when the particle number or the interaction strength increases. One of the hallmarks of interacting systems is the formation of multiparticle bound states2-9. Here we develop a high-fidelity parameterizable fSim gate and implement the periodic quantum circuit of the spin-½ XXZ model in a ring of 24 superconducting qubits. We study the propagation of these excitations and observe their bound nature for up to five photons. We devise a phase-sensitive method for constructing the few-body spectrum of the bound states and extract their pseudo-charge by introducing a synthetic flux. By introducing interactions between the ring and additional qubits, we observe an unexpected resilience of the bound states to integrability breaking. This finding goes against the idea that bound states in non-integrable systems are unstable when their energies overlap with the continuum spectrum. Our work provides experimental evidence for bound states of interacting photons and discovers their stability beyond the integrability limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Morvan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - X Mi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Neill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - D A Abanin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - A Michailidis
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - R Acharya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - F Arute
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K Arya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Asfaw
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Atalaya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J C Bardin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - J Basso
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - G Bortoli
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J Bovaird
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L Brill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - D A Buell
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T Burger
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Burkett
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - Z Chen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Chiaro
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Collins
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Conner
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - A L Crook
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B Curtin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - S Demura
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - D Eppens
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - L Faoro
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Farhi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Fatemi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - E Forati
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - B Foxen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W Giang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Gidney
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Gilboa
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - J A Gross
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - S Hong
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T Huang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Huff
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - J Iveland
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Jeffrey
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Z Jiang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Jones
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Juhas
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Kafri
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T Khattar
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Khezri
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Kieferová
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Centre for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology, Centre for Quantum Software and Information, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S Kim
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Y Kitaev
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | - A R Klots
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A N Korotkov
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - P Laptev
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K-M Lau
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L Laws
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Lee
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K W Lee
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - A T Lill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W Liu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - F Malone
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - O Martin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M McEwen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | - K C Miao
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Mohseni
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - E Mount
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - O Naaman
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Neeley
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M Newman
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Nguyen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Nguyen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Y Niu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - R Olenewa
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - R Potter
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - N C Rubin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Saei
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Sank
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A Shorter
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - V Shvarts
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Skruzny
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W C Smith
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Strain
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - Y Su
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M Szalay
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Torres
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G Vidal
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - T White
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C Xing
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Z Yao
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P Yeh
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Yoo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Zalcman
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N Zhu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - H Neven
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D Bacon
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Hilton
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E Lucero
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R Babbush
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - S Boixo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A Megrant
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J Kelly
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Y Chen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - I Aleiner
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
| | - L B Ioffe
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
| | - P Roushan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA.
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12
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Mi X, Sonner M, Niu MY, Lee KW, Foxen B, Acharya R, Aleiner I, Andersen TI, Arute F, Arya K, Asfaw A, Atalaya J, Bardin JC, Basso J, Bengtsson A, Bortoli G, Bourassa A, Brill L, Broughton M, Buckley BB, Buell DA, Burkett B, Bushnell N, Chen Z, Chiaro B, Collins R, Conner P, Courtney W, Crook AL, Debroy DM, Demura S, Dunsworth A, Eppens D, Erickson C, Faoro L, Farhi E, Fatemi R, Flores L, Forati E, Fowler AG, Giang W, Gidney C, Gilboa D, Giustina M, Dau AG, Gross JA, Habegger S, Harrigan MP, Hoffmann M, Hong S, Huang T, Huff A, Huggins WJ, Ioffe LB, Isakov SV, Iveland J, Jeffrey E, Jiang Z, Jones C, Kafri D, Kechedzhi K, Khattar T, Kim S, Kitaev AY, Klimov PV, Klots AR, Korotkov AN, Kostritsa F, Kreikebaum JM, Landhuis D, Laptev P, Lau KM, Lee J, Laws L, Liu W, Locharla A, Martin O, McClean JR, McEwen M, Meurer Costa B, Miao KC, Mohseni M, Montazeri S, Morvan A, Mount E, Mruczkiewicz W, Naaman O, Neeley M, Neill C, Newman M, O’Brien TE, Opremcak A, Petukhov A, Potter R, Quintana C, Rubin NC, Saei N, Sank D, Sankaragomathi K, Satzinger KJ, Schuster C, Shearn MJ, Shvarts V, Strain D, Su Y, Szalay M, Vidal G, Villalonga B, Vollgraff-Heidweiller C, White T, Yao Z, Yeh P, Yoo J, Zalcman A, Zhang Y, Zhu N, Neven H, Bacon D, Hilton J, Lucero E, Babbush R, Boixo S, Megrant A, Chen Y, Kelly J, Smelyanskiy V, Abanin DA, Roushan P. Noise-resilient edge modes on a chain of superconducting qubits. Science 2022; 378:785-790. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abq5769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inherent symmetry of a quantum system may protect its otherwise fragile states. Leveraging such protection requires testing its robustness against uncontrolled environmental interactions. Using 47 superconducting qubits, we implement the one-dimensional kicked Ising model, which exhibits nonlocal Majorana edge modes (MEMs) with
ℤ
2
parity symmetry. We find that any multiqubit Pauli operator overlapping with the MEMs exhibits a uniform late-time decay rate comparable to single-qubit relaxation rates, irrespective of its size or composition. This characteristic allows us to accurately reconstruct the exponentially localized spatial profiles of the MEMs. Furthermore, the MEMs are found to be resilient against certain symmetry-breaking noise owing to a prethermalization mechanism. Our work elucidates the complex interplay between noise and symmetry-protected edge modes in a solid-state environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- X. Mi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M. Sonner
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - M. Y. Niu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K. W. Lee
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B. Foxen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - F. Arute
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K. Arya
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A. Asfaw
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - J. C. Bardin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - J. Basso
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - L. Brill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Z. Chen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - B. Chiaro
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - P. Conner
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - S. Demura
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - D. Eppens
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - L. Faoro
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E. Farhi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - R. Fatemi
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L. Flores
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E. Forati
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - W. Giang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C. Gidney
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D. Gilboa
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - A. G. Dau
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - S. Hong
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - T. Huang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A. Huff
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Z. Jiang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C. Jones
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D. Kafri
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - S. Kim
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - A. Y. Kitaev
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Institute for Quantum Information and Matter, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | | | | | - A. N. Korotkov
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - P. Laptev
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - K.-M. Lau
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J. Lee
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - L. Laws
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - W. Liu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - O. Martin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - M. McEwen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - A. Morvan
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E. Mount
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - O. Naaman
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M. Neeley
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - C. Neill
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M. Newman
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - R. Potter
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - N. Saei
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D. Sank
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - D. Strain
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Y. Su
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - M. Szalay
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - G. Vidal
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | | | - T. White
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - Z. Yao
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - P. Yeh
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J. Yoo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - Y. Zhang
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - N. Zhu
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - H. Neven
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - D. Bacon
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J. Hilton
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - E. Lucero
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - S. Boixo
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - Y. Chen
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | - J. Kelly
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
| | | | - D. A. Abanin
- Google Research, Mountain View, CA, USA
- Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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13
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Wei T, Liang Y, Anderson C, Zhang M, Zhu N, Xie J. Identification of candidate hub genes correlated with the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis of prostate cancer by integrated bioinformatics analysis. Transl Cancer Res 2022; 11:3548-3571. [PMID: 36388030 PMCID: PMC9641109 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-22-703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) has the second highest morbidity and mortality rates in men. Concurrently, novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of PCa remain crucial. Methods This study utilized integrated bioinformatics method to identify and validate the potential hub genes with high diagnostic and prognostic value for PCa. Results Four Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets including 123 PCa samples and 76 normal samples were screened and a total of 368 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 120 up-regulated DEGs and 248 down-regulated DEGs, were identified. Subsequent Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the DEGs were majorly enriched in focal adhesion, chemical carcinogenesis, drug metabolism, and cytochrome P450 pathways. Then, 11 hub genes were identified from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs; 7 of the 11 genes showed the ability of distinguishing PCa from normal prostate based on receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. And 5 of the 11 genes were correlated with clinical attributes. Lower CAV1, KRT5, SNAI2 and MYLK expression level were associated with higer Gleason score, advanced pathological T stage and N stage. Lower KRT5 and MYLK expression level were significantly correlated with poor disease-free survival, and lower KRT5 and PTGS2 expression level were significantly related to biochemical recurrence (BCR) status of PCa patients. Conclusions In conclusion, CAV1, KRT5, SNAI2, and MYLK show potential clinical diagnostic and prognostic value and could be used as novel candidate biomarkers and therapeutic targets for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yulai Liang
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Claire Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia, GA, USA
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia, GA, USA
| | - Naishuo Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Xie
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Zhu N, Huang YQ, Song YM, Zhang SZ, Zheng S, Yuan Y. [Efficacy comparison among high risk factors questionnaire and Asia-Pacific colorectal screening score and their combinations with fecal immunochemical test in screening advanced colorectal tumor]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 25:612-620. [PMID: 35844124 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn441530-20211127-00478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effects of high risk factors questionnaire (HRFQ), Asia-Pacific colorectal screening (APCS) score and their combinations with fecal immunochemical test (FIT) in screening advanced colorectal neoplasia, in order to provide an evidence for further optimization of cancer screening program. Methods: A retrospective cohort study method was used to summarize and analyze the results of colorectal tumor screening in Jiashan County, Zhejiang Province from March 2017 to July 2018. Those with severe diseases that were not suitable for colonoscopy and those with mental and behavioral abnormalities who can not cooperate with the screening were excluded. Those who met any one or more of the followings in the HRFQ questionnaire were classified as high-risk people of HRFQ: (1) first-degree relatives with a history of colorectal cancer; (2) subjects with a history of cancer or any other malignant tumor; (3) subjects with a history of intestinal polyps; (4) those with two or more of the followings: chronic constipation (constipation lasted for more than 2 months per year in the past two years), chronic diarrhea (diarrhea lasted for more than 3 months in the past two years, and the duration of each episode was more than one week), mucus and bloody stools, history of adverse life events (occurring within the past 20 years and causing greater trauma or distress to the subject after the event), history of chronic appendicitis or appendectomy, history of chronic biliary disease or cholecystectomy. In this study, those who were assessed as high risk by HRFQ were recorded as "HRFQ (+)", and those who were not at high risk were recorded as "HRFQ (-)". The APCS questionnaire provided risk scores based on 4 risk factors including age, gender, family history and smoking: (1) age: 2 points for 50-69 years old, 3 points for 70 years old and above; (2) gender: 1 point for male, 0 point for women; (3) family history: 2 points for first-degree relatives suffering from colorectal cancer; (4) smoking: 1 point for current or past smoking, 0 point for non-smokers. The population was divided into low-risk (0-1 point), intermediate-risk (2-3 points), and high-risk (4-7 points). Those who were assessed as high risk by APCS were recorded as "APCS (+)", and those with intermediate and low risk were recorded as "APCS (-)". The hemoglobin threshold for a positive FIT was set to 100 μg/L. Those who were assessed as high risk by APCS with positive FIT were recorded as "APCS+FIT (+)". Those who were assessed as high risk by APCS with negative FIT, those who were assessed by APCS as low-middle risk with positive FIT, and those who were assessed by APCS as low-middle with negative FIT were all recorded as "APCS+FIT(-)". Observation indicators in this study were as follows: (1) the screening compliance rate of the cohort and the detection of advanced colorectal tumors; (2) positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity and specificity of HRFQ and APCS and their combination with FIT for screening advanced colorectal tumors; (3) comparison of the detection rate between HRFQ and APCS questionnaire for different colorectal lesions. Using SPSS 21.0 software, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the clinical value of HRFQ and APCS combined with FIT in screening advanced colorectal tumors. Results: From 2017 to 2018 in Jiashan County, a total of 53 268 target subjects were screened, and 42 093 people actually completed the questionnaire, with a compliance rate of 79.02%. A total of 8145 cases underwent colonoscopy. A total of 3607 cases among HRFQ positive population (5320 cases) underwent colonoscopy, and the colonoscopy compliance rate was 67. 80%; 8 cases were diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 88 cases were advanced colorectal adenoma. A total of 2977 cases among APCS positive population (11 942 cases) underwent colonoscopy, and the colonoscopy compliance rate was 24.93%; 17 cases were diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 148 cases were advanced colorectal adenoma. The positive rate of HRFQ screening was lower than that of APCS [12.6% (5320/42 093) vs. 28.4% (11 942/42 093), χ2=3195. 547, P<0.001]. In the FIT positive population (6223 cases), a total of 4894 cases underwent colonoscopy, and the colonoscopy compliance rate was 78.64%; 34 cases were diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 224 cases were advanced adenoma. The positive predictive values of HRFQ and APCS and their combination with FIT for screening advanced colorectal tumors were 2.67%, 5.54%, 5.44%, and 8.56%; negative predictive values were 94.89%, 96.85%, 96.11% and 96.99%; sensitivity was 29.27%, 50.30%, 12.20 % and 39.02%; specificity was 55.09%, 64.03%, 91.11% and 82.51%, respectively. The ROC curves constructed by HRFQ, APCS, FIT, HRFQ+FIT and APCS+FIT indicated that APCS+FIT presented the highest efficacy in screening advanced colorectal tumors (AUC: 0.608, 95%CI: 0.574-0.642). The comparison of the detection rates of different colorectal lesions between HRFQ and APCS questionnaires showed that there were no significant differences in detection rate of inflammatory polyps and hyperplastic polyps between the two questionnaires (both P>0.05). However, as compared to HRFQ questionnaire, APCS questionnaire had higher detection rates in non-advanced adenomas [26.10% (777/2977) vs. 19.43% (701/3607), χ2=51.228, P<0.001], advanced adenoma [4.97% (148/2977) vs. 2.44% (88/3607), χ2=30.249, P<0.001] and colorectal cancer [0.57% (17 /2977) vs. 0.22% (8/3607), χ2=5.259, P=0.022]. Conclusions: APCS has a higher detection rate of advanced colorectal tumors than HRFQ. APCS combined with FIT can further improve the effectiveness of advanced colorectal tumor screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zhu
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China Department of Medical Oncology, Key Labaratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Y Q Huang
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Y M Song
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - S Z Zhang
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - S Zheng
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Y Yuan
- Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China Department of Medical Oncology, Key Labaratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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15
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Savona M, Mccloskey J, Griffiths E, Yee K, Al-Kali A, Zeidan A, Deeg H, Patel P, Sabloff M, Keating MM, Dao KH, Zhu N, Gabrail N, Fazal S, Maly J, Odenike O, Kantarjian H, Dezern A, O’Connell C, Roboz G, Busque L, Wells R, Amin H, Randhawa J, Leber B, Hao Y, Keer H, Azab M, Manero GG. Topic: AS08-Treatment/AS08a-Current treatment options - Hypomethylating agents. Leuk Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106681.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Leitch H, Ezzat H, Merkeley H, Buckstein R, Zhu N, Nevill T, Olney H, Yee K, Leber B, Keating MM, Hilaire ES, Kumar R, Delage R, Geddes M, Storring J, Shamy A, Elemary M, Wells R. Topic: AS08-Treatment/AS08j-Supportive care - Iron overload. Leuk Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2021.106681.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Yao MH, Jia YL, Ren Y, Liu YM, Zou K, Lin K, Zhu N, Sun X. [Real-world data studies of medical products in the context of special healthcare policy: study designs and key considerations]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2021; 42:1306-1311. [PMID: 34814548 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20210201-00085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Boao Lecheng International Medical Tourism Pilot Area is the only administrative area in China where the pilot application of real-world data is performed. Based on the special healthcare policy in Boao Lecheng, conducting real-world data study to provide real-world evidence for the clinical evaluations and approvals of innovated medical products has become an important field that supports the reform of China's evaluation and approval system of medical products. Trustworthy real-world evidence needs to rely on both high-quality real-world data and reasonable and rigorous study designs. Based on the real-world data research guidelines and specifications issued by relevant academic research and regulatory authorities both at home and abroad, combined with the special policy environment of Boao Lecheng and previous practice experience, this paper summarizes the study designs of real world data in Boao Lecheng and discusses the key considerations of different study design in the context of special healthcare policies in Boao Lecheng in order to provide reference for the further study of real-world data.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Yao
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan/Real World Data Research Institute of Hainan/Real World Data Research and Innovation Center of Boao Lecheng,Qionghai 571435,China
| | - Y L Jia
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan/Real World Data Research Institute of Hainan/Real World Data Research and Innovation Center of Boao Lecheng,Qionghai 571435,China
| | - Y Ren
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan/Real World Data Research Institute of Hainan/Real World Data Research and Innovation Center of Boao Lecheng,Qionghai 571435,China
| | - Y M Liu
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan/Real World Data Research Institute of Hainan/Real World Data Research and Innovation Center of Boao Lecheng,Qionghai 571435,China
| | - K Zou
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan/Real World Data Research Institute of Hainan/Real World Data Research and Innovation Center of Boao Lecheng,Qionghai 571435,China
| | - K Lin
- Center for Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring of Boao Pilot Zone,Qionghai 571435,China National Medical Produets Administration,Haikou 570216,China
| | - N Zhu
- National Medical Produets Administration,Haikou 570216,China
| | - X Sun
- Chinese Evidence-based Medicine Center,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China Key Laboratory for Real World Data Research and Evaluation in Hainan/Real World Data Research Institute of Hainan/Real World Data Research and Innovation Center of Boao Lecheng,Qionghai 571435,China
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18
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Felizardo T, Lum L, Ashmaig M, Mosquera Limas S, Zhu N, Bushera H, Glass D, Berry J, Korngold R, Donato M, Glass J, Munshi P, Rowley S, Fowler D. In vivo biologic activity of induced hybrid TREG/Th2 RAPA-501 cells for als therapy: correction of TSCM:TEMimbalance, normalization of IL-6 secretion, and reduction in serum NF-L levels. Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s146532492100431x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Felizardo T, Mosquera Limas S, Zhu N, Bushera H, Glass D, Hari P, Dhakal B, Fowler D. Temsirolimus-resistant, checkpoint-deficient, homeostatic cytokine-responsive autologous TH1/TC1 cells for therapy of relapsed, refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465324921004011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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20
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Zheng X, Wang YC, Zhu N, Cai DY, Gong XK, Mei S, Chen WJ, Chen T, Ruan JW. Downregulation of GNAS inhibits osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and promotes osteoporosis through the Wnt pathway. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 24:2886-2892. [PMID: 32271406 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202003_20652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the role of GNAS in accelerating the progression of osteoporosis by inhibiting osteogenesis of BMSCs by the Wnt pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS GNAS levels in OP tissues and BMSCs undergoing osteogenesis for different time points were detected. Regulatory effects of GNAS on osteogenesis-related gene expressions, ALP activity, capability of mineralization, and activation of the Wnt pathway in BMSCs were assessed through a series of functional experiments. At last, rescue experiments were performed to further verify the significance of the Wnt pathway during GNAS-mediated osteogenesis development. RESULTS GNAS was downregulated in OP tissues relative to normal bone tissues. With the prolongation of osteogenesis, GNAS level gradually increased in BMSCs. Knockdown of GNAS downregulated expression levels of ALP and RUNX2, and attenuated ALP activity and capability of mineralization in BMSCs. GNAS was able to activate the Wnt pathway in BMSCs. Notably, overexpression of Wnt3a could reverse the regulatory effects of GNAS on osteogenesis-related gene expressions, ALP activity, and capability of mineralization in BMSCs. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of GNAS suppresses osteogenesis of BMSCs through the Wnt pathway, thus aggravating the progression of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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21
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Feng Y, Gao SJ, Wei RD, Liu T, Fan XP, Han YD, Zhu N. Effects of probiotics on intestinal flora, inflammation and degree of liver cirrhosis in rats with liver cirrhosis by regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2021; 35:25-33. [PMID: 33472728 DOI: 10.23812/20-242-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to explore the effects of probiotics on intestinal flora, inflammation and degree of liver cirrhosis in rats with liver cirrhosis, and to verify the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway that regulates this process. A total of 30 SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely, control group (n=10), model group (n=10) and probiotic group (n=10). Rats in the model group were used to construct liver cirrhosis models using carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) method, and those in the probiotic group were administered with probiotic preparations by gavage for 8 weeks. Then the feces of rats in each group were taken to detect the composition of intestinal flora, and changes in the content of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1) and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), in peripheral blood collected were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Next, changes in the degree of liver cirrhosis were analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and the expression levels of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway-related molecules, including β-catenin, glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β and Frizzled-2, in liver tissues in each group were detected via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blotting (WB). Compared with rats in the control group, those in the model group had a disordered structure of hepatic lobule and hyperplasia of a large number of fibrous tissues. In contrast to those in the model group, the liver lobule structure was greatly improved, the edema cells were obviously reduced, and the hyperplasia of collagen fibers was remarkably alleviated in the probiotic group. Moreover, the degree of liver cirrhosis in the probiotic group was significantly reduced compared with that in the model group. Moreover, the rats in the model group exhibited a higher Bifidobacterium level in the intestinal tract, while those in the probiotic group displayed higher levels of microorganisms in the intestinal tract, such as Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Actinbacteria, Slackia and Pasteurellaceae. In comparison with that in the control group, the level of salt-tolerant Lactobacillus in the intestinal tract of rats in the model group was significantly decreased, while that in the probiotic group was partially increased (P=0.023). Meanwhile, some intestinal flora of rats in the control group, model group and probiotic group were closely correlated. Specifically, highly positive correlations were found between Bacteroidetes and Paraeggerthella (r=0.423, P=0.034) and between Firmicutes and Lactobacillus (r=0.318, P=0.027), but strongly negative associations were detected between Firmicutes and Paraeggerthella (r=-0.691, p=0.004) and between Paraeggerthella and Lactobacillus (r=-0.384, P=0.047). In addition, the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α IL-6, MCP-1 and IFN-γ in the plasma of rats in the model group were markedly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05), whereas such levels in the probiotic group were decreased compared with those in the model group (P<0.05). PCR results revealed that the expression levels of β-catenin and Frizzled-2 in the model group were higher than those in the control group, whereas they were lower in the probiotic group than those in the model group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the model group had a decreased level of GSK-3β in comparison with the control group, but the probiotic group had a higher level of GSK-3β than the model group (P<0.05). WB results were consistent with PCR results. Probiotics can affect intestinal flora, inflammation and degree of liver cirrhosis in rats with liver cirrhosis, and its mechanism may be related to the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Feng
- Department of Hepatology, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - S J Gao
- Department of Hepatology, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - R D Wei
- Department of Hepatology, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - T Liu
- Department of Hepatology, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - X P Fan
- Department of Hepatology, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Y D Han
- Department of Hepatology, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - N Zhu
- Department of Hepatology, Qingdao No.6 People's Hospital, Qingdao, Shandong, China
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22
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Zhu N, Presas-Rodríguez S, Núñez-Marín F, Quirant-Sánchez B, Ramo-Tello C. Single pseudotumour lesion, a rare debut presentation of optic neuromyelitis spectrum disorder. Neurología (English Edition) 2021; 36:396-398. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2020.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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23
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Zheng L, Li L, Xie J, Jin H, Zhu N. Six Novel Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: validated by scRNA-seq and qPCR. J Cancer 2021; 12:899-911. [PMID: 33403046 PMCID: PMC7778544 DOI: 10.7150/jca.50443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. ESCC has a generally poor prognosis and there is a lack of available biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis. The aim of the study was to identify novel biomarkers for ESCC. We screened the overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) acquired from six Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) ESCC datasets and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) ESCC datasets. Subsequently, protein-protein interaction network analysis was performed to identify the key hub genes. Then, Kaplan Meier survival and receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis were utilized to clarify the diagnostic and prognostic role of these hub genes. The UALCAN database, single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) were performed to confirm the expression levels of identified hub genes. Finally, immune infiltration analysis was conducted to investigate the role of these genes in the pathogenesis of ESCC. The results showed that PBK, KIF2C, NUF2, KIF20A, RAD51AP1, and DEPDC1 effectively distinguish ESCC tissues from normal samples, and all of them were significantly correlated with overall survival. The results of scRNA-seq and qPCR indicated that the expression levels of hub genes in ESCC were significantly higher than in normal cells or tissues. Further immune infiltration analysis showed that infiltration of dendritic cells was significantly negatively correlated with PBK, KIF2C, NUF2, RAD51AP1, and DEPDC1 expression levels. In conclusion, our results suggest that PBK, KIF2C, NUF2, KIF20A, RAD51AP1 and DEPDC1 are all potential biomarkers for ESCC diagnosis and prognosis may also be potential therapeutic targets for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuhai Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Linzhi Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Naishuo Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhu N, Sánchez EC, Zhen X, Holmes A, Ahmad R. Addressing antimicrobial resistance in China: progress and challenges in translating political commitment into national action. Int J Infect Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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25
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Zhu N, Chen JQ, Yang MY, Cheng Y, Yuan Y. [Relationship of early tumor shrinkage and depth of response with the prognosis and treatment effect of trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy as first-line treatment in advanced gastric cancer patients with epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive]. Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2020; 42:869-875. [PMID: 33113630 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112152-20190213-00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the relationship of early tumor shrinkage (ETS) and depth of response (DpR) with the prognosis and treatment effect of trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy as first-line treatment in advanced gastric cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) positive. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and pathological data of 23 patients with metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma diagnosed by imaging in The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 1st, 2008 to December 31th, 2017. Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test were used for the survival analysis. Cox regression was used to analyze the factors associated with prognosis. Results: The objective response rate (ORR) of the 23 patients was 43.5% and the disease control rate (DCR) was 82.6%. Univariate analysis showed the median progress-free survival (mPFS) of ETS≥20% and ETS<20% were 13.0 months and 4.5 months, respectively, with statistical significance (P<0.001). The median overall survival (mOS) of ETS≥20% and ETS<20% were 26.8 months and 10.1 months, respectively, with statistical significance (P<0.001). The median progress-free survival (mPFS) of DpR≥15% and DpR<15% were 13.0 months and 4.5 months, respectively, with statistical significance (P=0.001). The median overall survival (mOS) of DpR≥15% and DpR<15% were 26.8 months and 9.5 months, respectively, with statistical significance (P<0.001). Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed ETS was an independent factor of PFS (P=0.030), tumor site and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score were independent factors of OS (P<0.05). Conclusion: ETS and DpR might be used to predict the treatment efficacy and prognosis of trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy as the first-line treatment of HER-2 positive gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - J Q Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - M Y Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Y Cheng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
| | - Y Yuan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China
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26
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Cruz Walma A, Zhu N, Troulis M, August M. Retrospective Review of Facial Dog Bites Treated at MGH over a 20-year Period. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2020.07.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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Ge JJ, Lu WK, Zhu N, Gao XJ, Yang FQ, Wu XZ. Effect of LGR4 on synovial cells and inflammatory factors in rats with traumatic osteoarthritis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:6783-6790. [PMID: 31486476 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201908_18716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traumatic arthritis is one of the most common diseases in orthopedics. LGR4 is involved in bone formation and bone development. However, the role of LGR4 in synovial cells of rats with traumatic osteoarthritis has not been reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into the control group and model group. The Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) were used to analyze the expression of LGR4 in synovial tissue and synovial fluid. Synovial cells were isolated and cultured, followed by transfection of LGR4-pcDNA3.1 plasmid into cells. Cell proliferation was analyzed by MTT and EdU assay, and the Caspase-3 activity was assessed using the Caspase-3 activity kit. The secretion of the inflammatory factors interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) was detected by ELISA. NF-κB signaling pathway changes were evaluated by the Western blot. RESULTS In the model group, LGR4 mRNA expression in synovial tissue was significantly decreased, and the secretion of LGR4 in the synovial fluid was significantly decreased compared with the control group (p<0.05). LGR4 protein expression in the synovial membrane in the model group tissue was reduced. The transfection of LGR4-pcDNA3.1 plasmid into synovial cells promoted the LGR4 expression, inhibited the proliferation of synoviocytes, increased the Caspase-3 activity, the secretion of IL-1, TNF-α, and IL-6, as well as the decreased expression of NF-κB with a statistical significance, compared with the control group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS LGR4 expression is reduced in the rat model of traumatic osteoarthritis. The upregulation of LGR4 expression can inhibit the secretion of the inflammatory factors and inhibit the proliferation of the synovial cells by regulating NF-κB signaling pathway, which may alleviate the development of the joint inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-J Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, The 80th Army Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Weifang, Shandong, China.
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28
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Zhu N, Presas-Rodríguez S, Núñez-Marín F, Quirant-Sánchez B, Ramo-Tello C. [Single pseudotumour lesion, a rare debut presentation of optic neuromyelitis spectrum disorder]. Neurologia 2020. [PMID: 32912746 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2020.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Zhu
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, España.
| | - S Presas-Rodríguez
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, España
| | - F Núñez-Marín
- Instituto de Diagnóstico por la Imagen, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, España
| | - B Quirant-Sánchez
- Servicio de Inmunología, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, España
| | - C Ramo-Tello
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, España
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Chen S, Zhang Y, Li C, Ning SS, Li XX, Zhu N, Nian YP, Cao L, Yang GJ, Wang WH, Liu YZ, Wang L, Lei FL, Liu F, Shen MW. [Typical case analysis of COVID-19 cluster epidemic in Shaanxi, 2020]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:1204-1209. [PMID: 32867425 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200225-00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Objective: By analyzed the transmission patterns of 4 out of the 51 COVID-19 cluster cases in Shaanxi province to provide evidences for the COVID-19 control and prevention. Methods: The epidemiological data of RT-PCR test-confirmed COVID-19 cases were collected. Transmission chain was drawn and the transmission process was analyzed. Results: Cluster case 1 contained 13 cases and was caused by a family of 5 who traveled by car to Wuhan and returned to Shaanxi. Cluster case 2 had 5cases and caused by initial patient who participated family get-together right after back from Wuhan while under incubation period. Cluster case 3 contained 10 cases and could be defined as nosocomial infection. Cluster case 4 contained 4 cases and occurred in work place. Conclusion: Higher contact frequency and smaller places were more likely to cause a small-scale COVID-19 cluster outbreak, with potential longer incubation period. COVID-19 control strategies should turn the attention to infection prevention and control in crowded places, management of enterprise resumption and prevention of nosocomial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chen
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - C Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - S S Ning
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - X X Li
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - N Zhu
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Y P Nian
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - L Cao
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - G J Yang
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - W H Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Y Z Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - L Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - F L Lei
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - F Liu
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - M W Shen
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
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Ning SS, Zhang Y, Cao L, Chen S, Wang WH, Nian YP, Zhu N, Yang GJ, Li XX, Zhang SB. [Analysis of transmission characteristics of COVID-19 in Shaanxi Province]. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020; 54:493-497. [PMID: 32388948 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20200227-00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A total of 245 cases of COVID-19 in Shaanxi Province reported in the China information system for disease control and prevention as of February 24, 2020 were selected as the research objects, the cases are divided into imported cases (116 cases, 47.3%) and local cases (129 cases, 52.7%), their basic characteristics, time distribution, transmission mode, intergenerational interval and latent period transmission are analyzed. The age of local cases [(51.74±15.67) years old], female patients (69 cases, 53.5%), housework and retired staff (40 cases, 31.0%), and patients isolated at the time of onset (50 cases, 38.8%) were higher than imported cases, respectively[(40.66±15.41) years old, (45 cases, 38.8%), (21 cases, 18.1%), (17 cases, 14.6%)] (P values were < 0.05); The infection rate was 0.8% (31/3 666) in close contacts with local cases, which was lower than imported cases 2.0% (69/3 435) (P<0.001); The main source of infection in local cases was relatives (70 cases, 54.3%), and the main way of infection was living together and party (90 cases, 69.8%); the proportion of latent period transmission in our province was 15.5% (20 cases), and the interval between the second-generation case and the source of infection was about 4 days, and the interval between generations was about 6 days. In summary, the main way of infection of local cases in Shaanxi Province was living together and party, there were a certain proportion of latent period transmission cases at present, it's suggested that the investigation of close contacts should be started 4 days or earlier before the onset of the case.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Ning
- Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention/Public Health Emergency Center, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention/Public Health Emergency Center, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - L Cao
- Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention/Public Health Emergency Center, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - S Chen
- Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention/Public Health Emergency Center, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - W H Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute for Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Y P Nian
- Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention/Public Health Emergency Center, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - N Zhu
- Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention/Public Health Emergency Center, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - G J Yang
- Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention/Public Health Emergency Center, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - X X Li
- Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention/Public Health Emergency Center, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - S B Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention/Public Health Emergency Center, Xi'an 710054, China
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Hu B, Yu L, Zhu N, Xie J. Cellular UAP56 interacts with the HBx protein of the hepatitis B virus and is involved in viral RNA nuclear export in hepatocytes. Exp Cell Res 2020; 390:111929. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Wang Z, Xue L, Xie J, Zhu N. The Diagnostic Value of Antibodies Against Citrullinated or Carbamylated Fibrinogen in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Clin Lab 2020; 66. [PMID: 32390379 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2020.191256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the overall diagnostic value of citrullinated or carbamylated fibrinogen antibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Serum samples collected from 114 patients with established RA, 143 patients with non-RA diseases, and 200 healthy controls were tested by ELISA for citrullinated fibrinogen (Cit-fib), carbamylated fibrinogen (Ca-fib), and chimeric fibrinogen a/b chain citrullinated peptides (CFABCP). Diagnostic indexes and correlations with titers were calculated, cross reactivities of Cit-fib, Ca-fib, and CFABCP were assessed by competition experiments. RESULTS With a cutoff ensuring 98% specificity for RA patients versus healthy controls, the sensitivities of Cit-fib and Ca-fib are 66.67% and 24.6%, respectively, while the sensitivity of CFABCP was 74.56%. Cit-fib, Ca-fib, and CFABCP can inhibit reciprocally in competition experiments. As for non-RA patients, the positive rate of Ca-fib was higher than that of Cit-fib and CFABCP. CONCLUSIONS Citrullination and carbamylation of fibrinogen both have a role in RA diagnosing, but citrullination is better. The recombination of peptides, CFABCP, has high specificity and considerable sensitivity for diagnosis for RA patients.
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Zhu N, Li C, Ning SS, Chen S, Cao L, Yang GJ, Li XX, Nian YP, Wang WH, Liu YZ, Wang L, Lei FL, Zhang Y, Zhuang GH. [Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Shaanxi province]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020; 41:E034. [PMID: 32244260 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200225-00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To understand the incidence trend and epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 in Shaanxi province. Methods: The incidence data of COVID-19 reported in Shaanxi as of 22 February, 2020 were collected for an epidemiological descriptive analysis. Results: A total of 245 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were reported in Shaanxi. Most cases were mild (87.76%). As time passed, the areas where confirmed cases were reported continued to increase. The case number in Xi'an was highest, accounting for nearly half of the total reported cases in the province. The epidemic pattern in Shaanxi had gradually shifted from imported case pattern to local case pattern, and the transmission of local cases was mainly based on family cluster transmission. The confirmed cases from different sources had caused the secondary transmission in Shaanxi. After February 7, the number of reported cases began to fluctuate and decrease stably, indicating a decrease-to-zero period. Conclusions: At present, the overall epidemic of COVID-19 in Shaanxi has gradually been mitigated. However, considering the approaching of return to work and study and the increasing of imported cases from other countries, the prevention and control of COVIS-19 in Shaanxi will face new challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zhu
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - C Li
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - S S Ning
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - S Chen
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - L Cao
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - G J Yang
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - X X Li
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Y P Nian
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - W H Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Y Z Liu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - L Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - F L Lei
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - G H Zhuang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an 710061, China
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Rohani SA, Allen D, Gare B, Zhu N, Agrawal S, Ladak H. High-resolution imaging of the human incudostapedial joint using synchrotron-radiation phase-contrast imaging. J Microsc 2020; 277:61-70. [PMID: 31989597 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The incudostapedial joint (ISJ) of the middle ear is important for proper transmission of sound energy to the cochlea. Recently, the biomechanics of the ISJ have been investigated using finite-element (FE) modelling, using simplified geometry. The objective of the present study was to investigate the feasibility of synchrotron-radiation phase-contrast imaging (SR-PCI) in visualising the ISJ ultrastructure. Three human cadaveric ISJs were dissected and scanned using SR-PCI at 0.9 µm isotropic voxel size. One of the samples was previously scanned at 9 µm voxel size. The images were visually compared and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) were calculated (of both bone and soft tissues) for quantitative comparisons. The ISJ ultrastructure as well as adjacent bone and soft tissues were clearly visible in images with a 0.9 µm voxel size. The CNRs of the 0.9 µm images were relatively lower than those of the 9 µm scans, while the ratio of bone to soft tissue CNRs were higher, indicating better discernibility of bone from soft tissue in the 0.9 µm scans. This study was the first known attempt to image the ISJ ultrastructure using an SR-PCI scanner at submicron voxel size and results suggest that this method was successful. Future studies are needed to optimise the contrast and test the feasibility of imaging the ISJ in situ. LAY DESCRIPTION: The human middle ear consists of the eardrum, three small bones (the malleus, incus and stapes) and two joints connecting the bones (the incudostapedial joint and the incudomallear joint). The role of the middle ear is to amplify and transfer sound energy to the cochlea, the end organ of hearing. The incudostapedial joint (ISJ) of the middle ear is a synovial joint which is important for proper transmission of sound energy to the cochlea. Similar to other synovial joints it consists of meniscus, fluid and articulating surfaces. Recently, the biomechanics of the ISJ have been investigated using computational models, using grossly simplified geometry. Synchrotron radiation phase contrast imaging (SR-PCI) is a high-resolution imaging technique used to visualise small structures in three dimensions. The objective of the present study was to investigate the feasibility of using SR-PCI in visualising the ISJ ultrastructure. Three human cadaveric ISJs were dissected and scanned using SR-PCI at 0.9 µm isotropic voxel size. One of the samples was previously scanned at 9 µm voxel size. The images were both qualitatively and quantitatively compared. This study was the first known attempt to image the ISJ ultrastructure using an SR-PCI scanner at submicron voxel size and results suggest that this method was successful. Future studies are needed to optimise the contrast and feasibility of imaging the ISJ in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Rohani
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Allen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - B Gare
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - N Zhu
- Bio-Medical Imaging and Therapy Facility, Canadian Light Source Inc., University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - S Agrawal
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - H Ladak
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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Zhao JB, Zhu N, Lei YH, Zhang CJ, Li YH. Modulative effects of lncRNA TCONS_00202959 on autonomic neural function and myocardial functions in atrial fibrillation rat model. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 22:8891-8897. [PMID: 30575932 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201812_16658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a typical cardiac arrhythmia. The autonomic nervous system can modulate the myocardial system with complicated mechanisms. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is involved in myocardial diseases, and lncRNA TCONS_00202959 is down-regulated in AF. However, the detailed effects of AF on automatic functions or cardiomyocytes are not well known yet. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, AF group (which was prepared by injecting the acetylcholine-CaCl2 solution) and treatment group (receiving lentiviral transfection of lncRNA TCONS_00202959 on AF rats). Real Time-quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) was used to measure the expression of lncRNA TCONS_00202959. Atrial effective refractory period (AERP) and AF induction rate were measured, along with heart rate variability (HRV) analysis to reveal autonomic nervous function. The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and choline acetyltransferase (CHAT) was analyzed in atrial tissues. RESULTS The expression of lncRNA TCONS_00202959 was decreased in the AF group compared to the control group (p < 0.05), which also had shortened AERP and elevated AF induction rate. The analysis of the autonomic nervous function revealed lower standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN), SDNN of atrial (SDANN), root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) and SDNN intervals in all 5-min segments (SDNNindx), plus elevated power ratio of low frequency (LF)/high frequency (HF). TH expression was increased whilst CHAT expression was decreased (p < 0.05). The treatment group showed enhanced expression of lncRNA TCONS_00202959, elongated AERP plus decreased AF induction rate. The treatment rats also had higher SDNN, SDANN, RMSSD and SDNNindx, lower LF/HF ratio, decreased TH expression and increased CHAT expression (p < 0.05 compared to the AF group). CONCLUSIONS AF rats had decreased expression of lncRNA TCONS_00202959, which can help to prevent AF pathogenesis by suppressing cardiac autonomic nervous function.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-B Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Enshi Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi, Hubei, China.
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Starkman R, Alibhai S, Wells RA, Geddes M, Zhu N, Keating MM, Leber B, Chodirker L, Sabloff M, Christou G, Leitch HA, St-Hilaire E, Finn N, Shamy A, Yee K, Storring J, Nevill T, Delage R, Elemary M, Banerji V, Lenis M, Kirubananthaan A, Mamedov A, Zhang L, Rockwood K, Buckstein R. An MDS-specific frailty index based on cumulative deficits adds independent prognostic information to clinical prognostic scoring. Leukemia 2019; 34:1394-1406. [PMID: 31811236 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-019-0666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The frailty index (FI) is based on the principle that the more deficits an individual has, the greater their risk of adverse outcomes. It is expressed as a ratio of the number of deficits present to the total number of deficits considered. We developed an MDS-specific FI using a prospective MDS registry and assessed its ability to add prognostic power to conventional prognostic scores in MDS. The 42 deficits included in this FI included measurements of physical performance, comorbidities, laboratory values, instrumental activities of daily living, quality of life and performance status. Of 644 patients, 440 were eligible for FI calculation. The median FI score was 0.25 (range 0.05-0.67), correlated with age and IPSS/IPSS-R risk scores and discriminated overall survival. With a follow-up of 20 months, survival was 27 months (95% CI 24-30.4). By multivariate analysis, age >70, FI, transfusion dependence, and IPSS were significant covariates associated with OS. The incremental discrimination improvement of the frailty index was 37%. We derived a prognostic score with five risk groups and distinct survivals ranging from 7.4 months to not yet reached. If externally validated, the MDS-FI could be used as a tool to refine the risk stratification of current clinical prognostication models.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Starkman
- Hematology/Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Alibhai
- Geriatric Medicine/Oncology, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - R A Wells
- Hematology/Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Geddes
- Hematology/Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - N Zhu
- Hematology/Oncology, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - M M Keating
- Hematology/Oncology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - B Leber
- Hematology/Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Center, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - L Chodirker
- Hematology/Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Sabloff
- Hematology/Oncology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - G Christou
- Hematology/Oncology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - H A Leitch
- Hematology, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - E St-Hilaire
- Hematology/Oncology, Dr. Georges-L-Dumont University Centre, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - N Finn
- Hematology/Oncology, Dr. Georges-L-Dumont University Centre, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - A Shamy
- Hematology/Oncology, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - K Yee
- Hematology/Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - J Storring
- Hematology/Oncology, McGill University Health Centre-Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - T Nevill
- Hematology/Oncology, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - R Delage
- Hematology/Oncology, Centre de recherche du CHU de Quebec-Universite Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - M Elemary
- Hematology, Saskatoon Cancer Centre, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - V Banerji
- Hematology/Oncology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - M Lenis
- Hematology Clinical Trials, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Kirubananthaan
- Hematology Clinical Trials, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Mamedov
- Hematology Clinical Trials, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - L Zhang
- Hematology/Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - K Rockwood
- Geriatric Medicine, Dalhousie University and Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - R Buckstein
- Hematology/Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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Li X, Wang Z, Yi H, Xie J, Zhu N. Diagnostic Accuracy of Anti-Carbamylated Protein Antibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Clin Lab 2019; 65. [PMID: 31850723 DOI: 10.7754/clin.lab.2019.190419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS We searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for studies published before January 1, 2019. Two investigators independently evaluated studies to determine their inclusion in the analysis, assess their quality, and extract the relevant data. The articles were assessed with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool, and a bivariate mixed effects model was used to estimate the diagnostic indexes across studies. RESULTS We included 16 published studies in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of anti-CarP were 43.1% and 94.4%, respectively. The area under the summary receiver operator characteristic curve was 0.55. The specificity estimates were highly heterogeneous, which could be partly explained by the higher specificity in the healthy control group (43.0%, 96.8%) than in the other disease group (43.4%, 89.8%). CONCLUSIONS Anti-CarP antibodies have a relatively low sensitivity and high specificity for rheumatoid arthritis. However, the specificity was lower in the other disease subgroups than in the healthy controls.
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Zhu N, Hou Y, Ji Y, Qu Y, Cui Q, Hui C. Genomic alterations, tumour mutation burden and prognosis of chinese cardiac sarcoma patients. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz283.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Pandey S, Baxter E, Xu Z, Orlowski-Scherer J, Zhu N, Lidz A, Aguirre J, DeRose J, Devlin M, Hill J, Jain B, Sheth R, Avila S, Bertin E, Brooks D, Buckley-Geer E, Carnero Rosell A, Carrasco Kind M, Carretero J, Castander F, Cawthon R, da Costa L, De Vicente J, Desai S, Diehl H, Dietrich J, Doel P, Evrard A, Flaugher B, Fosalba P, Frieman J, García-Bellido J, Gerdes D, Giannantonio T, Gruendl R, Gschwend J, Hartley W, Hollowood D, James D, Krause E, Kuehn K, Kuropatkin N, Maia M, Marshall J, Melchior P, Menanteau F, Miquel R, Plazas A, Roodman A, Sanchez E, Serrano S, Sevilla-Noarbe I, Smith M, Soares-Santos M, Sobreira F, Suchyta E, Swanson M, Tarle G, Wechsler R. Constraints on the redshift evolution of astrophysical feedback with Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect cross-correlations. Int J Clin Exp Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.100.063519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Li X, Wang Z, Huang J, Luo H, Zhu S, Yi H, Zheng L, Hu B, Yu L, Li L, Xie J, Zhu N. Specific zinc finger-induced methylation of PD-L1 promoter inhibits its expression. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1063-1070. [PMID: 31090214 PMCID: PMC6551500 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation of promoter regions is often associated with epigenetic silencing of gene expression, and DNA methyltransferase (DNMTs) has been used to suppress gene expression. In order to explore the synergistic roles of two methyltransferase members Dnmt3a and Dnmt1, we constructed expression plasmid that could express a recombinant DNMTs consisting of the C‐terminal domains of both Dnmt3a and Dnmt1 fused to a zinc finger domain which binds to the PD‐L1 promoter of human prostate cancer cells (DU145). Programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1, B7‐H1, CD‐274) is a transmembrane protein widely expressed on antigen‐presenting and other immune cells. The interaction of PD‐L1 with its receptor PD‐1 is considered an ‘immune checkpoint' for possible cancer therapy. DU145 cells treated with the Dnmt3aC‐1C plasmid showed significantly reduced expression of PD‐L1 as compared to Dnmt3aC or Dnmt1C alone. Our results show that the fusion of Dnmt1 improves the methylation activity of Dnmt3a and enhances its biological functions. This combinatorial strategy can be used to better control PD‐L1 expression to support cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) response against tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenni Wang
- Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiansheng Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huazao Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sibo Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Han Yi
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liuhai Zheng
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Hu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lili Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingzhi Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Xie
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Naishuo Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institutes of Biomedical Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Khan IU, Huang J, Li X, Xie J, Zhu N. Nasal immunization with RSV F and G protein fragments conjugated to an M cell-targeting ligand induces an enhanced immune response and protection against RSV infection. Antiviral Res 2018; 159:95-103. [PMID: 30290196 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major paediatric health concern worldwide. The development of an effective and safe vaccine against RSV is urgently needed. As RSV infects via the mucosal surfaces, developing a nasal vaccine may offer protective benefits over alternative administration routes. In this study, we tested a recombinant protein FG-Gb1 as an intranasal vaccine candidate against RSV. FG-Gb1 consists of the core fragments of the RSV fusion (F) and attachment (G) proteins conjugated to an microfold (M) cell-specific ligand Gb-1. Intranasal immunization with FG-Gb1 induced efficient systemic and mucosal immune responses as measured by the level of antigen-specific antibodies, cytokine-secreting cells and antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation after exposure to antigen. Moreover, intranasal immunization induced protective immunity against nasal challenge with RSV, which was confirmed by a lack of weight loss and by viral clearance after challenge. Collectively, we confirmed that a ligand capable of targeting the conjugated antigen to nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) can be used as an effective nasal vaccine adjuvant to induce protective immunity against RSV infection. Moreover, FG-Gb1 may have promise as an RSV vaccine but requires further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inam Ullah Khan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Jiansheng Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Xue Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Jun Xie
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Naishuo Zhu
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
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Wang CH, Zhu N. Patient-reported quality of life after endoscopic surgery for pituitary lesions: a meta-analysis. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2018; 32:1151-1156. [PMID: 30062870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Patient-reported outcomes are now considered as an important part of overall outcome assessment of a surgical intervention. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the patient-reported quality of life (QoL) of the subjects of endoscopic pituitary surgery. A literature search was carried out in several electronic databases and study selection was based on pre-determined eligibility criteria. Meta-analyses of standardized mean difference (SMD) were conducted to observe significance of difference between preoperative and postoperative scores of important tools. Sixteen studies were included [931 patients; 51.16 years (95% CI 49.13, 53.19) age; 48.41 % (43.74, 53.08) males]. Generally, there was no significant differences between postoperative and preoperative health-related QoL after postoperative month 1 or after fourth postoperative month. QoL after endoscopic pituitary surgery remains unchanged predominantly but may deteriorate in regard to physical role and sinonasal outcome transiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Wang
- Department of Neurology, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - N Zhu
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
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Fan W, Peng Y, Meng Y, Zhang W, Zhu N, Wang J, Guo C, Li J, Du H, Dang Z. Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Reduced Inorganic Sulfur Compound Oxidation Mechanism in Acidithiobacillus ferriphilus. Microbiology (Reading) 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261718040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Richarz NA, Olivé Marques A, Llibre JM, Xicoy Cirici B, Zhu N, Gomez Plaza M, Bielsa-Marsol I. Eosinophilic Fasciitis in Association With Hypereosinophilic Syndrome in an HIV-Infected Patient With Severe Multiorgan Involvement. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2018; 28:126-128. [PMID: 29661739 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N A Richarz
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Olivé Marques
- Department of Rheumatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - J M Llibre
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Xicoy Cirici
- Department of Hematology, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Badalona, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias I Pujol, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Gomez Plaza
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Bielsa-Marsol
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Wang P, Zhu ZL, Zhu N, Yu H, Yue Q, Wang XL, Feng CM, Wang CL, Zhang GH. [Application of Ischemia Modified Albumin for Acute Ischemic Heart Disease in Forensic Science]. Fa Yi Xue Za Zhi 2017; 33:493-496. [PMID: 29275553 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-5619.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore the application value and forensic significance of ischemia modified albumin (IMA) in pericardial fluid to diagnose sudden cardiac death. METHODS IMA level in pericardial fluid was detected in acute ischemic heart disease group (n=36), acute myocardial infarction group (n=6), cardiomyopathy group (n=4) and control group (n=15) by albumin cobalt binding method. The levels of IMA were compared among these groups. The best cut-off IMA value was estimated and the sensitivity and specificity of acute myocardial ischemia group was distinguished from control group by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. RESULTS The IMA level in acute ischemic heart disease group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05). Compared with acute myocardial infarction group and cardiomyopathy group, the IMA level in acute ischemic heart disease group had no significant difference (P>0.05). The cut-off value for the identification of acute myocardial ischemia which obtained by ROC analysis was 40.65 U/mL. And the sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing acute ischemia cardiac disease was 60.0% and 80.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The IMA value in pericardial fluid can be a reference marker for the diagnosis of acute myocardial ischemia, which also can provide objective basis for the forensic identification of sudden cardiac death.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Wang
- Criminal Police Detachment, Tieling Public Security Bureau, Tieling 112000, China.,School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Z L Zhu
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.,Criminal Investigation Detachment, Shijingshan Branch of Beijing Public Security Bureau, Beijing 100043, China
| | - N Zhu
- Criminal Police Detachment, Tieling Public Security Bureau, Tieling 112000, China
| | - H Yu
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - Q Yue
- Criminal Police Detachment, Tieling Public Security Bureau, Tieling 112000, China
| | - X L Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - C M Feng
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - C L Wang
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
| | - G H Zhang
- School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
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Naylor N, Zhu N, Hulscher M, Holmes A, Ahmad R, Robotham J. Is antimicrobial stewardship cost-effective? A narrative review of the evidence. Clin Microbiol Infect 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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48
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Niu LY, Yuan LL, Zhu N, Zhang R, Kang Y. [Effect of sclerotherapy on esophageal varices in cirrhotic patients with diabetes: a prognostic analysis]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2017; 25:463-465. [PMID: 28763866 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2017.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L Y Niu
- Gastroenterology Department, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Dayi Hospital, Taiyuan 030032, China
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49
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Garcia-Manero G, Sekeres MA, Egyed M, Breccia M, Graux C, Cavenagh JD, Salman H, Illes A, Fenaux P, DeAngelo DJ, Stauder R, Yee K, Zhu N, Lee JH, Valcarcel D, MacWhannell A, Borbenyi Z, Gazi L, Acharyya S, Ide S, Marker M, Ottmann OG. A phase 1b/2b multicenter study of oral panobinostat plus azacitidine in adults with MDS, CMML or AML with ⩽30% blasts. Leukemia 2017; 31:2799-2806. [PMID: 28546581 PMCID: PMC5729337 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2017.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Treatment with azacitidine (AZA), a demethylating agent, prolonged overall survival (OS) vs conventional care in patients with higher-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). As median survival with monotherapy is <2 years, novel agents are needed to improve outcomes. This phase 1b/2b trial (n=113) was designed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) or recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of panobinostat (PAN)+AZA (phase 1b) and evaluate the early efficacy and safety of PAN+AZA vs AZA monotherapy (phase 2b) in patients with higher-risk MDS, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia or oligoblastic acute myeloid leukemia with <30% blasts. The MTD was not reached; the RP2D was PAN 30 mg plus AZA 75 mg/m2. More patients receiving PAN+AZA achieved a composite complete response ([CR)+morphologic CR with incomplete blood count+bone marrow CR (27.5% (95% CI, 14.6–43.9%)) vs AZA (14.3% (5.4–28.5%)). However, no significant difference was observed in the 1-year OS rate (PAN+AZA, 60% (50–80%); AZA, 70% (50–80%)) or time to progression (PAN+AZA, 70% (40–90%); AZA, 70% (40–80%)). More grade 3/4 adverse events (97.4 vs 81.0%) and on-treatment deaths (13.2 vs 4.8%) occurred with PAN+AZA. Further dose or schedule optimization may improve the risk/benefit profile of this regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Garcia-Manero
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M A Sekeres
- Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - M Egyed
- Kaposi Mor County Teaching Hospital, Kasposvár, Hungary
| | | | - C Graux
- Mont-Godinne University Hospital, Yvoir, Belgium
| | | | - H Salman
- Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - A Illes
- University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - P Fenaux
- Hôpital Saint-Louis, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | | | - R Stauder
- Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - K Yee
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Canada
| | - N Zhu
- University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Canada
| | - J-H Lee
- Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - A MacWhannell
- The Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust, Wolverhampton, UK
| | | | - L Gazi
- Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Acharyya
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, NJ, USA
| | - S Ide
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - M Marker
- Novartis Pharma S.A.S., Rueil-Malmaison, France
| | - O G Ottmann
- Department of Haematology, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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50
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Su C, Li L, Jin Z, Han X, Zhao P, Wang L, Jiang C, Wang Y, Wang W, Xu D, Zhu N. [Fermentation, purification and immunogenicity evaluation of hepatitis E virus-like particles expressed in Hansenula polymorpha]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2017; 33:653-663. [PMID: 28920398 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.160387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To develop a new recombinant hepatitis E vaccine, we used Hansenula polymorpha expression system to express recombinant hepatitis E virus-like particles (HEV VLPs), to construct a recombinant engineered strain HP/HEV2.3. The fermentation conditions and purification process were studied next. The first working seed lots were fermented in liquid culture, and the fermentation products were collected, then crushed, clarified, purified by ultrafiltration, silica gel adsorbed and desorbed, concentrated by ultrafiltration, purified by liquid chromatography and sterilized by filtration. The purity reached 99% with a yield of 33%. Electron microscopy analysis revealed that both the purified recombinant HEV VLPs from HP/HEV2.3 and natural hepatitis E virus particles appear identical of being 32 nm. The resulting DNA sequence obtained from VLPs is identical to the published HEV sequence. The SDS-PAGE analysis has revealed that the protein molecular weight of the HEV VLPs is 56 kDa, and the expression product HEV VLPs were accumulated up to 26% of total cellular protein. The expression level is 1.0 g/L. Western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results of the protein and ED₅₀ of the vaccine showed that the HEV VLPs have good antigenicity and immunogenicity. In summary, the recombinant HEV VLPs from Hansenula polymorpha can be used in the manufacture of a new genetically engineered vaccine against hepatitis E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Su
- Dalian Hissen Bio-Pharmaceutical INC., Dalian 116600, Liaoning, China.,College of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Li Li
- Dalian Hissen Bio-Pharmaceutical INC., Dalian 116600, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhenji Jin
- Dalian Hissen Bio-Pharmaceutical INC., Dalian 116600, Liaoning, China
| | - Xudong Han
- Dalian Hissen Bio-Pharmaceutical INC., Dalian 116600, Liaoning, China
| | - Ping Zhao
- Dalian Hissen Bio-Pharmaceutical INC., Dalian 116600, Liaoning, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Dalian Blood Center, Dalian 116001, Liaoning, China
| | - Chunhu Jiang
- Dalian Hissen Bio-Pharmaceutical INC., Dalian 116600, Liaoning, China
| | - Yueli Wang
- Dalian Hissen Bio-Pharmaceutical INC., Dalian 116600, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenwen Wang
- Dalian Hissen Bio-Pharmaceutical INC., Dalian 116600, Liaoning, China
| | - Deqi Xu
- Dalian Hissen Bio-Pharmaceutical INC., Dalian 116600, Liaoning, China
| | - Naishuo Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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