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Chen YJ, Jia LH, Han TH, Zhao ZH, Yang J, Xiao JP, Yang HJ, Yang K. Osteoporosis treatment: current drugs and future developments. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1456796. [PMID: 39188952 PMCID: PMC11345277 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1456796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common systemic metabolic disease characterized by a decrease in bone density and bone mass, destruction of bone tissue microstructure, and increased bone fragility leading to fracture susceptibility. Pharmacological treatment of osteoporosis is the focus of current research, and anti-osteoporosis drugs usually play a role in inhibiting bone resorption, promoting bone formation, and having a dual role. However, most of the drugs have the disadvantages of single target and high toxic and side effects. There are many types of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM), from a wide range of sources and mostly plants. Herbal plants have unique advantages in regulating the relationship between osteoporosis and the immune system, acupuncture therapy has significant therapeutic effects in combination with medicine for osteoporosis. The target cells and specific molecular mechanisms of TCM in preventing and treating osteoporosis have not been fully elucidated. At present, there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of the pathological mechanism of the disease. Therefore, a better understanding of the pathological signaling pathways and key molecules involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis is crucial for the design of therapeutic targets and drug development. In this paper, we review the development and current status of anti-osteoporosis drugs currently in clinical application and under development to provide relevant basis and reference for drug prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, with the aim of promoting pharmacological research and new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-jing Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Urology, Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-hua Jia
- Department of Urology, Jinhua Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Tao-hong Han
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-hui Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Dexing Research and Training Center of Chinese Medical Sciences, Dexing, China
| | - Jun-ping Xiao
- Jiangxi Prozin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Jiangxi, China
| | - Hong-Jun Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Basic Research on Prevention and Treatment for Major Diseases, Experimental Research Center, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection and Quarantine, College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
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Lou Y, Zou X, Pan Z, Huang Z, Zheng S, Zheng X, Yang X, Bao M, Zhang Y, Gu J, Zhang Y. The mechanism of action of Botrychium (Thunb.) Sw. for prevention of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis based on 1H-NMR-based metabolomics. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024; 76:1018-1027. [PMID: 38776436 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgae058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to reveal the anti-fibrotic effects of Botrychium ternatum (Thunb.) Sw. (BT) against idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and to preliminarily analyze its potential mechanism on bleomycin-induced IPF rats. METHODS The inhibition of fibrosis progression in vivo was assessed by histopathology combined with biochemical indicators. In addition, the metabolic regulatory mechanism was investigated using 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics combined with multivariate statistical analysis. KEY FINDINGS Firstly, biochemical analysis revealed that BT notably suppressed the expression of hydroxyproline and transforming growth factor-β1 in the pulmonary tissue. Secondly, Masson's trichrome staining and hematoxylin and eosin showed that BT substantially improved the structure of the damaged lung and significantly inhibited the proliferation of collagen fibers and the deposition of extracellular matrix. Finally, serum metabolomic analysis suggested that BT may exert anti-fibrotic effects by synergistically regulating tyrosine metabolism; phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis; and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies. CONCLUSIONS Our study not only clarifies the potential anti-fibrotic mechanism of BT against IPF at the metabolic level but also provides a theoretical basis for developing BT as an effective anti-fibrotic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Lou
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xiaozhou Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Zongfu Pan
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Zhongjie Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Shuilian Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xiaowei Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xiuli Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Meihua Bao
- Academician Workstation, School of Stomatology, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People' s Hospital Bijie Hospital, Bijie, Guizhou 551799, China
| | - Jinping Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
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Bhatnagar A, Mishra A. Development of Daruharidra ( Berberis aristata) Based Biogenic Cadmium Sulfide Nanoparticles: Their Implementation as Antibacterial and Novel Therapeutic Agents against Human Breast and Ovarian Cancer. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:1617-1628. [PMID: 39034838 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010244977231108043554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article presents a new and environmentally friendly method for generating DH-CdSNPs (cadmium sulfide nanoparticles) ranging from 5-10 nm in size. A green synthesis method for the development of inorganic nanoparticles was developed a few years back for their applications in diverse fields, such as medicine, bioimaging and remediation. The biogenic synthesis of these nanoparticles containing daruharidra (Berberis aristata) and cadmium sulfide is an effective alternative. AIMS By employing Daruharidra extract as a herbal analog, we aim to minimize the risks and adverse effects that come along with the use of other chemically synthesized nanoparticles. This study's main goal was to investigate the potential of these nanoparticles as powerful antibacterial and anticancer agents. METHODS We used a crude powdered daruharidra extract as a stabilizer ingredient to create CdSbased nanoformulations in an environmentally responsible way. By exposing the breast cancer cell line (MDAMB-231) and ovarian teratocarcinoma cell line (PA1) to these nanoformulations, we were able to evaluate their anticancer activities. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis was conducted to scrutinize the process of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in reference to anticancer studies. Furthermore, DH-CdSNPs were applied on different gram-positive as well as gramnegative bacteria in a disc diffusion assay to ascertain their antibacterial activity. Nanoparticles were tested on bacterial strains to check if they were resistant after the MIC or minimum inhibitory concentration. RESULTS The cytotoxicity of nanoparticles was tested by MTT assay. The impact of increasing concentrations of NPs on cell lines was tested, revealing a cytotoxic effect. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration values for a 24-hour treatment were determined to be 95.74μg/ml for ovarian cancer cells and 796.25 μg/ml for breast cancer cells. Treatment with DH-CdSNP resulted in a noteworthy increase in early apoptotic cells, with percentages rising from approximately 3% to 14.5% in ovarian cancer cell lines and from 4% to 13.6% in breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the NPs induced arrest of the cell cycle, specifically in the interphase of G2 and mitosis phase, with DNA damage observed in sub G1 in ovarian cancer cells and G0/G1 arrest observed in breast cancer cells. Additionally, the NPs exhibited exceptional potency against both gram-positive as well as gram-negative bacteria. CONCLUSION Less research has been done on using bioinspired DH-CdSNP to deliver anticancer medications. The amalgamation of plant extract and the DH-CdSNP could cause a paradigm shift in the cancer therapy approach. The findings revealed that the biosynthesized DH-CdSNP limited the growth of human breast and ovarian cancer cells. This property can be further investigated against a variety of additional cell lines to determine whether this property makes the DH-CdSNP a promising treatment alternative. The results obtained from these nanoformulations exhibit faster efficacy compared to traditional medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditi Bhatnagar
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT (BHU)-Varanasi-221005, India
| | - Abha Mishra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, IIT (BHU)-Varanasi-221005, India
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Zhao L, Tian C, Yang Y, Guan H, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Kang X, Zhou L, Li Q, Ma J, Wan L, Zheng Y, Tong X. Practice and principle of traditional Chinese medicine for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Front Med 2023; 17:1014-1029. [PMID: 38157191 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1040-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has played an important role in the prevention and treatment of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in China. The integration of Chinese and Western medicine is an important feature of Chinese COVID-19 prevention and treatment. According to a series of evidence-based studies, TCM can reduce the infection rate of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in high-risk groups. For patients with mild and moderate forms of COVID-19, TCM can relieve the related signs and symptoms, shorten the period of nucleic-acid negative conversion, and reduce conversion rate to the severe form of the disease. For COVID-19 patients with severe and critical illnesses, TCM can improve inflammatory indicators and blood oxygen saturation, shorten the hospital stay, and reduce the mortality rate. During recovery, TCM can improve patients' symptoms, promote organ function recovery, boost the quality of patients' life, and reduce the nucleic-acid repositive conversion rate. A series of mechanism research studies revealed that capability of TCM to treat COVID-19 through antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects, immune regulation, and protection of organ function via a multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Chuanxi Tian
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- National Center for Integrative Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Huifang Guan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yu Wei
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Jing Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Li Wan
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yujiao Zheng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100053, China.
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