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Jiao J, Shi L, Chen H, Wang X, Yang M, Yang J, Liu M, Sun G. Critical national response in coping with Omicron variant in China, Israel, South Africa, and the United States. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1157824. [PMID: 37361174 PMCID: PMC10288025 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1157824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of prevention and control strategies and put forward further measures according to the epidemiological characteristics of Omicron. It summarized the national response during the Omicron epidemic in four countries: China, Israel, South Africa, and the United States. Methods This study summarized prevention and control measures in China, Israel, South Africa, and the United States in their response to the Omicron epidemic, and it also evaluated the effectiveness of these measures. Results After the Omicron variant emerged, China and Israel adopted containment strategies, using the "dynamic zero" policy and country closure measures. Meanwhile, South Africa and the United States adopted mitigation strategies, which virtually abandoned social interventions and only focused on medical measures and vaccines. From the first day of reported Omicron cases to 28 February 2022, the four countries reported the following cases: China reported 9,670 new confirmed cases and no deaths, with total deaths per million of 3.21; Israel reported 2,293,415 new confirmed cases and 2,016 deaths, with total deaths per million of 1,097.21; South Africa reported 731,384 new confirmed cases and 9,509 deaths, with total deaths per million reaching 1,655.708; the United States reported 3,042,743 new confirmed cases and 1,688,851 deaths, with total deaths per million reaching 2,855.052, which was much higher than the other countries. Conclusion Based on this study, it seems that China and Israel adopted containment strategies, while South Africa and the United States adopted mitigation strategies. A rapid response is a powerful weapon against the Omicron epidemic. Vaccines alone will not get any country out of this crisis, and non-pharmacological measures should be used in addition to them. According to the SPO model, future work should consider the strengthening of emergency management capacity, adhering to public health measures, promoting vaccination, and strengthening patient care and close contact management, which are effective measures in coping with Omicron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jiao
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Leiyu Shi
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Haiqian Chen
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Manfei Yang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junyan Yang
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meiheng Liu
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Health Management, School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Liu X, Yang S, Huang X, An R, Xiong Q, Ye T. Quantifying COVID-19 recovery process from a human mobility perspective: An intra-city study in Wuhan. CITIES (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 132:104104. [PMID: 36407935 PMCID: PMC9659556 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2022.104104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought huge challenges to sustainable urban and community development. Although some recovery signals and patterns have been uncovered, the intra-city recovery process remains underexploited. This study proposes a comprehensive approach to quantify COVID-19 recovery leveraging fine-grained human mobility records. Taking Wuhan, a typical COVID-19 affected megacity in China, as the study area, we identify accurate recovery phases and select appropriate recovery functions in a data-driven manner. We observe that recovery characteristics regarding duration, amplitude, and velocity exhibit notable differences among urban blocks. We also notice that the recovery process under a one-wave outbreak lasts at least 84 days and has an S-shaped form best fitted with four-parameter Logistic functions. More than half of the recovery variance can be well explained and estimated by common variables from auxiliary data, including population, economic level, and built environments. Our study serves as a valuable reference that supports data-driven recovery quantification for COVID-19 and other crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disasters, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
- Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Saini Yang
- School of National Safety and Emergency Management, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiao Huang
- Department of Geosciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville 72762, USA
| | - Rui An
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qiangqiang Xiong
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Tao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology (ESPRE), Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disasters, Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
- Academy of Disaster Reduction and Emergency Management, Ministry of Emergency Management and Ministry of Education, Beijing 100875, China
- Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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