1
|
Li Q, Bao F, Zhi D, Liu M, Yan Q, Zheng X, Ren L, Cong S, Li Y, Cao G. Lipopolysaccharide induces SBD-1 expression via the P38 MAPK signaling pathway in ovine oviduct epithelial cells. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:127. [PMID: 27514378 PMCID: PMC4981948 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0294-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Beta defensins are secreted from ovine oviduct epithelial cells (OOECs) in response to microbial infection, and are potential alternatives to antibiotic agents in the treatment of microorganism infection, particularly given the abuse of antibiotic agents and the increasing number of drug-resistant bacteria. The aberrant expression of defensins may result in disorders involving organ and oviduct inflammation, such as salpingitis. Methods In the present study, we investigated the effects of LPS on the mRNA expression levels of sheep β-defensin-1 (SBD-1) in ovine oviduct epithelial cells. The OOECs in vitro culturing system were established and treated with different concentrations of LPS for indicated time. In addition, MAPK inhibitors and TLR4 antibodies were pretreated to investigate the potential mechanism which involves in LPS regulating SBD-1 expression. Results LPS markedly upregulated SBD-1 expression in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Treatment with 100 ng/mL LPS resulted in the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK and P38 MAPK. Interestingly, the LPS stimulated SBD-1 expression was attenuated by pretreatment with the P38 MAPK inhibitors SB203580 and SB202190 but not the JNK inhibitor SP600125, while the ERK inhibitor PD98059 had a minor effect. Furthermore, treatment with a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) neutralizing antibody significantly decreased P38 MAPK phosphorylation and LPS induced SBD-1 expression. Conclusions Together, these findings suggest that SBD-1 is upregulated by LPS via the TLR4 receptor, mainly through the P38 MAPK signaling pathway in ovine oviduct epithelial cells to protect the ovine oviduct epithelium from pathogen invasion. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12944-016-0294-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306, Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot, 010018, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuxiang Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306, Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot, 010018, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 306, Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot, 010018, People's Republic of China
| | - Dafu Zhi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306, Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot, 010018, People's Republic of China
| | - Moning Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306, Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot, 010018, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306, Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot, 010018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306, Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot, 010018, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixin Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306, Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot, 010018, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Cong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306, Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot, 010018, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306, Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot, 010018, People's Republic of China
| | - Guifang Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, No. 306, Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot, 010018, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Clinical Diagnosis and Treatment Techniques for Animal Disease, Ministry of Agriculture, No. 306, Zhaowuda Road, Huhhot, 010018, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Selim SA, El Alfy SM, Aziz MHA, Mohamed HM, Alasbahi AA. Effective of metronidazole to bacterial flora in vagina and the impact of microbes on live birth rate during intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011; 284:1449-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s00404-011-1857-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
3
|
Duncan WC, McDonald SE, Dickinson RE, Shaw JLV, Lourenco PC, Wheelhouse N, Lee KF, Critchley HOD, Horne AW. Expression of the repulsive SLIT/ROBO pathway in the human endometrium and Fallopian tube. Mol Hum Reprod 2010; 16:950-9. [PMID: 20651036 PMCID: PMC2992050 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaq055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether the repulsive SLIT/ROBO pathway is expressed in the endometrium and is negatively regulated during implantation. We also examined whether deficient expression in the Fallopian tube (FT) may predispose to ectopic pregnancy (EP). Endometrium (n = 21) and FT (n = 17) were collected across the menstrual cycle from fertile women with regular cycles. Decidualized endometrium (n = 6) was obtained from women undergoing termination, and FT (n = 6) was obtained from women with EP. SLIT/ROBO expression was quantified by reverse transcription-PCR and protein localized by immunohistochemistry. The regulation of SLIT/ROBO expression in vitro, by sex steroids and hCG, was assessed in endometrial (hTERT-EEpC) epithelial cells, and the effects of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and smoking were studied in oviductal (OE-E6/E7) epithelial cells. Endometrial SLIT3 was highest in the mid-secretory phase (P = 0.0003) and SLIT1,2 and ROBO1 showed a similar trend. ROBO2 was highest in proliferative phase (P = 0.027) and ROBO3,4 showed a similar trend. SLIT2,3 and ROBO1, 4 were lower in decidua compared with mid-secretory endometrium (P < 0.05). SLITs and ROBOs, excepting ROBO2, were expressed in FT but there were no differences across the cycle or in EP. SLIT/ROBO proteins were localized to endometrial and FT epithelium. Treatment of hTERT-EEpC with a combination of estradiol and medroxyprogesterone acetate inhibited ROBO1 expression (P < 0.01) but hCG had no effect. Acute treatment of OE-E6/E7 with smoking metabolite, cotinine, and C. trachomatis had no effect. These findings imply a regulated role for the endometrial SLIT/ROBO interaction during normal development and pregnancy but that it may not be important in the aetiology of EP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W C Duncan
- Centre for Reproductive Biology, Queen's Medical Research Institute, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Horne AW, Stock SJ, King AE. Innate immunity and disorders of the female reproductive tract. Reproduction 2008; 135:739-49. [PMID: 18502890 DOI: 10.1530/rep-07-0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections, and their associated sequelae, such as tubal infertility, ectopic pregnancy and preterm labour, are a major worldwide health problem. Chlamydia trachomatis infection is thought to be the leading global cause of tubal infertility and tubal ectopic pregnancy. Preterm birth occurs in around 10% of all deliveries, and nearly 30% of preterm deliveries are associated with intrauterine infection. The mucosal innate immune system of the female reproductive tract has evolved to eliminate such sexually transmitted pathogens whilst maintaining its ability to accommodate specialized physiological functions that include menstruation, fertilization, implantation, pregnancy and parturition. The aim of this review was to describe the role and distribution of key mediators of the innate immune system, the natural antimicrobial peptides (secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, elafin and the defensins) and the pattern recognition toll-like receptors in the normal female reproductive tract and in the context of these pathological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew W Horne
- The Queen's Medical Research Institute, Reproductive and Developmental Sciences, Centre for Reproductive Biology, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
King AE, Wheelhouse N, Cameron S, McDonald SE, Lee KF, Entrican G, Critchley HO, Horne AW. Expression of secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor and elafin in human fallopian tube and in an in-vitro model of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Hum Reprod 2008; 24:679-86. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/den452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
6
|
Selman H, Mariani M, Barnocchi N, Mencacci A, Bistoni F, Arena S, Pizzasegale S, Brusco GF, Angelini A. Examination of bacterial contamination at the time of embryo transfer, and its impact on the IVF/pregnancy outcome. J Assist Reprod Genet 2007; 24:395-9. [PMID: 17636439 PMCID: PMC3454954 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-007-9146-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2007] [Accepted: 05/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to examine the effect of bacterial contamination on in vitro fertilization treatment outcomes. METHOD In a prospective clinical trial, 152 patients aged 23-38 years, mean 33.3 +/- 4.6, undergoing IVF treatment were selected for this study. During embryo transfer, separate samples were collected for microbial examination from the following sites: the fundus of the vagina, the cervix, the embryo culture medium prior and post-embryo transfer, the tip of the catheter, and the external sheet. All the samples were separately cultured to identify any bacteria or yeast present. RESULTS Pregnancy rates in patients testing positive for Entrobacteriaceae (22.2% versus 51%) and Staphylococcus species (17.6% versus 44%) were significantly lower than those in the negative culture group (p < 0.001). The pregnancy rates do not seem to be affected by the other isolated microorganisms. CONCLUSION This study shows that the presence of vaginal-cervical microbial contamination at the time of embryo transfer is associated with significantly decreased pregnancy rates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helmy Selman
- Centro Sterilità e Fecondazione Assistita Policlinico di Perugia, University of Perugia, Via Brunamonti, 51, 06121, Perugia, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Cortiñas P, Muñoz MG, Loureiro CL, Pujol FH. Follicular fluid antibodies to Chlamydia trachomatis and human heat shock protein-60 kDa and infertility in women. Arch Med Res 2004; 35:121-5. [PMID: 15010191 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2003.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2003] [Accepted: 09/03/2003] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to establish the relationship between presence of anti-Chlamydia trachomatis and anti-HSP60 antibodies in serum and follicular fluid of infertile women. METHODS Serum IgG and follicular fluid IgA to Chlamydia trachomatis and human heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) were determined in 41 women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF). RESULTS A significant association was found between presence of bacterial antibodies in serum and IgA anti-HSP60 in follicular fluid. CONCLUSIONS Chlamydia trachomatis infection might be triggering an autoimmune process that could negatively affect the success of IVF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Cortiñas
- Laboratorio de Biología de Virus, Centro de Microbiología, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Apdo. Postal 21827, Caracas 1020-A, Venezuela.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wittemer C, Bettahar-Lebugle K, Ohl J, Rongières C, Viville S, Nisand I. Colonisation bactérienne vaginale anormale et implantation en assistance médicale à la procréation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 32:135-9. [PMID: 15123136 DOI: 10.1016/j.gyobfe.2003.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2003] [Accepted: 11/25/2003] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficiency of our treatment of vaginal infection for couples included in an IVF program. PATIENTS AND METHODS Microbiologic screening of vaginal flora and semen has been performed one month prior to in vitro fertilization for 951 couples in 2000. Antibiotic treatment was prescribed in case of positive culture. RESULTS Positive microbial growths were observed from endocervical and vaginal cultures in 218 women (22.9%). The clinical pregnancy rate was 30.29% in the group of patients without growth and 30.27% in the group with positive microbial growth. The implantation rate was significantly diminished in case of bacterial growth: 14.6 compared to 19.3% (P <0.02) for sterile endocervical culture. Five main bacterial species were found at the cervical level: Candida albicans (69 cases), Ureaplasma urealyticum (49 cases), Gardnerella vaginalis (43 cases), Streptococcus B or D (24 cases) and Escherichia coli (22 cases). Positive cultures from both vagina and semen were observed for 77 couples whose clinical pregnancy rate was 19.5 vs 36.2% in case of vaginal infection alone (P <0.01) with a spontaneous miscarriage rate of 46.7 compared to 17.6% (P <0.01). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Endocervical microorganisms, even treated with adapted antibiotics, may affect embryonic implantation. Positive culture from both female and male partner may enhance this negative effect. In this case, the best strategy would be to cancel the IVF treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Wittemer
- Service de biologie de la reproduction, centre d'AMP, CMCO-SIHCUS, 19, rue Louis-Pasteur, BP 120, 67303 Schiltigheim cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Tubal pelvic damage is a common cause of infertility, and laparoscopy is the accepted gold standard for its diagnosis. However, laparoscopy is both costly and invasive. Chlamydia is now recognized as the most common cause of tubal pelvic damage. In contrast to laparoscopy, evidence of past chlamydial infection using serology is readily available, and the test is simple and quick to perform. As such, serology can be used as a screening test in infertile women. It is accepted that screening tests may have higher margins of error and may be less accurate than diagnostic tests. Screening is most valuable when detecting a disease for which the treatment is more effective when undertaken at the earliest opportunity. Because there are justified constraints to the indiscriminate use of laparoscopy, there is a need to minimize the number of patients who do not have disease (false positives) who are subjected to this diagnostic investigation. An appropriate Chlamydia antibody titre that would distinguish women at risk of tubal pelvic damage should be determined using diagnostic test analysis and clinical judgement. Identification by serology of women who are likely to have damage would enable these women to undergo a diagnostic test such as laparoscopy sooner, allowing treatment to be provided earlier. However, the severity of tubal pelvic damage varies, and the need to distinguish women with a favourable or unfavourable prognosis after treatment using a simple classification system is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentine Akande
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Bristol, St Michael's Hospital, Bristol BS2 8EG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fanchin R, Harmas A, Benaoudia F, Lundkvist U, Olivennes F, Frydman R. Microbial flora of the cervix assessed at the time of embryo transfer adversely affects in vitro fertilization outcome. Fertil Steril 1998; 70:866-70. [PMID: 9806568 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(98)00277-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the presence of cervical microorganisms, as detected on catheters used for ET, alters the outcome of IVF-ET. DESIGN Prospective analysis. SETTING The assisted reproduction unit of a hospital in Clamart, France. PATIENT(S) Two hundred seventy-nine controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) cycles performed for IVF-ET. Inclusion criteria were a patient age of < or =38 years, a morphologically normal uterus, and > or =2 good-quality embryos transferred. INTERVENTION(S) The tips of catheters used for ruling out possible cervical obstruction before ET were subjected to quantitative (> or =10 colonies = positive culture group; <10 colonies = negative culture group) and qualitative microbial assessment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Pregnancy and implantation rates. RESULT(S) In 143 (51%) of 279 ETs, cultures were positive, predominantly for Escherichia coli (64%) and Streptococcus species (8%). Although data on patients, COH, and embryology were similar in both culture groups, clinical and ongoing pregnancy rates as well as implantation rates were significantly lower in the positive culture group than in the negative culture group (24% versus 37%; 17% versus 28%; and 9% versus 16%, respectively). CONCLUSION(S) The presence of microbial flora of the cervix on ET catheters is associated with poor IVF-ET outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Fanchin
- Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Clamart, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cavaliere MJ, Maeda MY, Shirata NK, Longatto Filho A, Shih LW, de Siqueira M, de Muelenare Correa MG, Oliveira HF. Cervico-vaginal Chlamydia trachomatis infection in pregnant adolescent and adult women. A morphologic and immunofluorescent study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 1993; 253:175-82. [PMID: 8161251 DOI: 10.1007/bf02766643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We studied the incidence of cervical Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) in 65 adolescents aged between 14 and 19 years and 65 adults aged 20 years or more. All subject were more than three months advanced in a normal pregnancy. Two samples for cytology were obtained from each patient, one ecto- and endocervical, with Ayre's spatula and cytobrush, and one only endocervical with cytobrush. The first one was examined after Papanicolaou staining and the second one was examined with the easily performed immunofluorescence reaction to CT (IF)--Microtrak, SYVA. Twenty seven adolescent patients (41.5%) and fourteen adults (21.5%) had a positive IF test for CT; the rate in adolescents was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than in adults. The Papanicolaou (Pap) stained slides, examined blind for evidence of CT infection showed a sensitivity of 70.7%, a specificity of 95.5% and positive and negative predictive values of 87.8% and 87.6% respectively. Seven adolescents showed cytological signs of Papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and six of them were also CT positive; five had signs of HPV infection and 4 of them were CT positive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Cavaliere
- Pathology Division, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Asin JD, Nahorst RR, Thijs CT, Assendelft WJ, Hooi BR. Routine testing for Chlamydia trachomatis on Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993; 169:375-8. [PMID: 8362949 DOI: 10.1016/0002-9378(93)90089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection is most often asymptomatic, early treatment may prevent serious complications. For screening or routine testing to be cost effective, the prevalence of the infection must not be too low. STUDY DESIGN On Curaçao, Netherlands Antilles, the prevalence of chlamydial infection in 205 asymptomatic women of reproductive age, who were seen by a general practitioner or gynecologist for a gynecologic examination was measured. RESULTS The overall prevalence was found to be 5.4% (95% confidence interval 2.7% to 9.4%) with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Of all possible predictors of a chlamydial infection, only young age (< 25 years, prevalence 10.3%) seemed to be indicative of such an infection. CONCLUSION Routine testing for Chlamydia trachomatis in sexually active women on Curaçao and on other Caribbean islands is indicated for women < 25 years old.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D Asin
- Department of Epidemiology, Rijksuniversiteit Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pandit AA, Klhilnani PH, Powar HS, Mali BN, Joshi JV, Krishna U. Value of Papanicolaou smear in detection of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Diagn Cytopathol 1993; 9:164-7. [PMID: 8513711 DOI: 10.1002/dc.2840090211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to assess the value of Papanicolaou smear for the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. The study was both retrospective (groups I and II) and prospective (group III). Group I consisted of 41 smears with cytomorphological changes proposed by Gupta, Kiviat, or Shiina. Group II was a control group, consisting of 30 cytologically normal smears. All these smears were subjected to specific immunofluorescent (IF) staining under identical conditions to confirm the diagnosis. In group III, 40 consecutive duplicate cervical smears were collected from patients attending the Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic. One smear was routinely examined, and the specific IF staining was done on the other smear. The results in all the three groups were analysed. It was concluded that Papanicolaou smear is not useful in the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A A Pandit
- Department of Pathology, Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College, Parel, Bombay, India
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|