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Diagnosis and Management of Pathological Conditions. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2023; 81:E221-E262. [PMID: 37833025 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2023.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
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Thyrion FZ, Farneti P, Pasquini E. Sialendoscopy in Pediatric Sialolithiasis: Two Cases of Salivary Stones in the Parotid Gland and Review of the Literature. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:857-863. [PMID: 37274989 PMCID: PMC10235292 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-03508-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialolithiasis is one of the most common diseases of the salivary glands and the most common cause of chronic obstructive sialadenitis. Whereas salivary stones are responsible for most of the cases of obstructive sialadenitis in the adult population, sialolithiasis in children is considered relatively rare. We describe two cases of a 9 and a 4-year-old male respectively, with parotid sialolithiasis treated with sialendoscopy. A systematic review of the current literature was also completed in order to evaluate all described cases of parotid sialolithiasis in the pediatric population. We found 25 articles eligible for a total of 42 cases of pediatric parotid sialolithiasis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12070-023-03508-8.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Farneti
- ENT Department Bologna, Azienda USL di Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ernesto Pasquini
- ENT Department Bologna, Azienda USL di Bologna, Via Altura 3, 40139, Bologna, Italy
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Nation J, Panuganti B, Manteghi A, Pransky S. Pediatric Sialendoscopy for Recurrent Salivary Gland Swelling: Workup, Findings, and Outcomes. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2019; 128:338-344. [DOI: 10.1177/0003489418823794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Recurrent salivary gland swelling of the parotid and submandibular glands results in painful swelling in the pediatric population. There is no defined algorithm for workup and treatment of these disorders, resulting in wide heterogeneity and in some cases overuse of computed tomography (CT) imaging. Sialendoscopy (SE) is an interventional option for recurrent swelling of both glands; however, its effectiveness in the pediatric population is still being determined. Objectives: To assess preoperative imaging utilization and benefit in the workup of recurrent pediatric sialadenitis, intraoperative SE findings, and postoperative outcomes after intervention with SE. Methods: Case-series with a 5-year retrospective chart review on children undergoing SE for recurrent sialadenitis. Results: Forty-nine SE procedures were performed on 38 parotid glands (PG) and 11 submandibular glands (SMGs) in 29 children. CT imaging findings were useful for identifying a stone or stricture and guiding surgical management in 45.5% of SMGs versus 2.6% of PGs ( P < .001). A stone was found in 45.5% of SMGs and none in PG ( P < .001). SE intervention such as balloon dilation or stone removal was performed in 54.6% of SMGs and 5.3% of PGs ( P < .001). 74% of parotid patients undergoing SE responded to 1 intervention with a cessation of recurrent gland swelling, while 26% required additional interventions. One hundred percent of SMG patients responded to first intervention. There was no improvement in the beneficial effect of SE with steroid injection ( P = .897) regardless of steroid used ( P = .082). Conclusion: CT findings were found to be low yield for recurrent parotid swelling, and ultrasound is a recommended first-line step for PG pathology. SE is a recommended first-line intervention for SMG and parotid sialadenitis as demonstrated by 100% and 74% response rate to initial SE, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javan Nation
- Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Bharat Panuganti
- Division of Otolaryngology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Manteghi
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, St. Christopher’s Hospital for Children, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Seth Pransky
- Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
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Sialoendoscopy for treatment of juvenile recurrent parotitis: The Brescia experience. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 105:163-166. [PMID: 29447807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2017.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the role of sialoendoscopy associated with steroid irrigation for juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) at a tertiary referral hospital. METHODS Clinical records of patients affected by JRP and treated with operative sialoendoscopy between June 2011 and April 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Data on demographics, number of acute episodes per year before and after surgery, characteristics of the surgical procedure, hospitalization time, and rate of complications were collected. The outcome of the procedure was measured by comparing the number of episodes of parotid swelling before and after salivary endoscopic treatment. RESULTS Twenty-three patients for a total of 34 operative sialoendoscopies were included in the study. Before the surgical endoscopic procedure, the mean number of parotid swelling was 10 episodes per year. At sialoendoscopy, typical endoscopic findings such as mucous plugs, stenosis of the duct, intraductal debris, and pale ductal appearance were evident. All patients were discharged on the first postoperative day. A significant decrease in the number of swelling episodes per year was observed compared to the preoperative rate (p = .0004). Complete resolution of the disorder was obtained in 35% of patients. CONCLUSIONS Operative sialoendoscopy with steroid irrigation can be considered a valid therapeutic treatment for JRP. The technique is conservative, effective, safe, and, potentially repeatable. Short hospitalization time, rapid recovery, absence of peri-operative complications, and a high rate of good outcomes are the main advantages of this treatment.
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McCoy JM, Oreadi D. Diagnosis and Management of Pathological Conditions. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 75:e224-e263. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2017.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Abstract
Salivary gland lesions are rare in pediatric patients. In addition, the types of salivary gland tumors are different in their distribution in specific sites in the major and minor salivary glands in children compared with adults. This article reviews benign neoplastic and nonneoplastic salivary gland disorders in pediatric patients to help clinicians to develop an orderly differential diagnosis that will lead to expedient treatment of pediatric patients with salivary gland lesions.
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Ryan RF, Padmakumar B. Neonatal suppurative sialadenitis: an important clinical diagnosis. BMJ Case Rep 2015; 2015:bcr2014208535. [PMID: 26002665 PMCID: PMC4442179 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-208535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Neonatal suppurative sialadenitis is a condition causing infection of the salivary glands, most frequently caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The vast majority of cases reported in the literature have been in infants with recognised risk factors. This report presents two cases of neonatal sialadenitis in siblings, neither of whom had any predisposing characteristics. The aetiology, diagnosis and treatment of this condition are discussed. This report will also highlight the need for awareness of this condition and its inclusion in considered differentials for neck swelling in all infants.
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Ardekian L, Klein H, Al Abri R, Marchal F. Sialendoscopy for the diagnosis and treatment of juvenile recurrent parotitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 115:17-21. [PMID: 24468237 DOI: 10.1016/j.revsto.2013.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the current study was to analyze the use of sialendoscopy for the diagnosis and treatment of juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP), note possible complications, and the rate of disease recurrence. We believe that this cutting edge procedure may be very effective both for the diagnosis and treatment of JRP, with few complications and low rates of recurrence. PATIENTS AND METHODS A retrospective descriptive case study was conducted on a sample of patients presenting with JRP. Data was collected from the patient's medical records. Diagnostic sialendoscopy was performed to identify and classify the ductal pathology, treated by interventional therapeutic sialendoscopy. We carefully noted all complications and the disease recurrence rates. RESULTS The patient sample included 50 children presenting with JRP (33 M, 17 F; age range: 2 to 16 years). Seven children presented with bilateral parotitis, the remaining 43 with unilateral parotitis. The study was conducted from 2003 to 2012. There was a statistically significant association between sialendoscopic data and the actual outcome. Seven children underwent additional sialendoscopy because of recurrence. They were all in the group of children presenting with unilateral parotitis. DISCUSSION Our results validate the expected outcome. Sialendoscopy is an accurate technique for the diagnosis of JPR, and an effective tool for the treatment of JRP, with a low rate of complications and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ardekian
- Rambam Medical Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, bat Galim, Haifa, 35254, Israel.
| | - H Klein
- Rambam Medical Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, bat Galim, Haifa, 35254, Israel
| | - R Al Abri
- Rambam Medical Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, bat Galim, Haifa, 35254, Israel
| | - F Marchal
- Rambam Medical Center, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, bat Galim, Haifa, 35254, Israel
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Kuruvila VE, Bilahari N, Kumari B, James B. Submandibular sialolithiasis: Report of six cases. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2013; 5:240-2. [PMID: 24082702 PMCID: PMC3778595 DOI: 10.4103/0975-7406.116829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Elias Kuruvila
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and PSM College of Dental Sciences and Research, Akkikavu, Thrissur, Kerala, India
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Bahadure RN, Thosar N, Jain ES. Unusual Case of Calculus in Floor of Mouth: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012; 5:223-5. [PMID: 25206174 PMCID: PMC4155888 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Calculus consists of mineralized bacterial plaque that forms on the surfaces of natural teeth. It is supragingival or subgingival depending upon its relation with gingival margin. The two most common locations for supragingival calculus are the buccal surfaces of maxillary molars and lingual surfaces of mandibular anterior teeth. It is very important to rule out the predisposing factor for calculus formation. In the present case of an 11-year- old female child, 1.2 × 1.5 cm large indurated mass suggestive of calculus in the left side of floor of mouth was observed. After surgical removal, along with indurated mass, an embedded root fragment was seen. Biochemical analysis of the specimen detected the calcium and phosphate ions approximately equals to the level in calculus. Thus, we diagnosed it as a calculus. Oral hygiene instructions and regular follow-up was advised. How to cite this article: Bahadure RN, Thosar N, Jain ES. Unusual Case of Calculus in Floor of Mouth: A Case Report. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2012;5(3):223-225.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh N Bahadure
- Lecturer, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Nandora, Sevagram, Wardha, Maharashtra- 442102, India, e-mail:
| | - Nilima Thosar
- Professor, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Eesha S Jain
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Chhatrapati Shahuji Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow Uttar Pradesh, India
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Carlson ER, Ghali GE, Herb-Brower KE. Diagnosis and management of pathological conditions. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2012; 70:e232-71. [PMID: 23128003 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2012.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gadodia A, Seith A, Sharma R, Thakar A. MRI and MR sialography of juvenile recurrent parotitis. Pediatr Radiol 2010; 40:1405-10. [PMID: 20467735 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-010-1639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2009] [Revised: 01/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/31/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) is the second most common inflammatory salivary gland disease of childhood, after mumps. Diagnosis of JRP is usually based on clinical history of recurrent unilateral or bilateral parotid swelling and demonstration of sialectasis. Conventional sialography, digital sialography, US, MRI and sialoendoscopy have been used as investigative tools for the diagnosis of JRP. MR sialography is increasingly recognized as a useful supplement to sialography in salivary duct disorders. OBJECTIVE To describe the MRI and MR sialographic findings in children with JRP. MATERIALS AND METHODS MR Sialography was performed using T2-weighted three-dimensional constructive interference in steady-state (CISS) and half fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo (HASTE) sequences in 62 children with inflammatory salivary gland disease. Out of these 62 children, 6 had JRP. Axial T1- and T2-W images were also performed. RESULTS The main parotid duct was normal in all six children with JRP. High signal intensity focal lesions suggestive of sialectasis were seen involving both parotid glands in all six children. CISS sequence demonstrated the intraglandular ducts and sialectasis better than HASTE images. CONCLUSION MRI and MR sialography can non-invasively delineate the parenchymal and ductal system abnormalities of the parotid glands in children with JRP. Although MR and MR sialography cannot substitute US, they can accurately depict findings such as sialectasis and signal intensity changes in the parotid gland depending upon the phase of the disease (acute vs. chronic inflammation). The radiologist should be familiar with MR findings of JRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Gadodia
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Ellies M, Laskawi R. Diseases of the salivary glands in infants and adolescents. Head Face Med 2010; 6:1. [PMID: 20156335 PMCID: PMC2831878 DOI: 10.1186/1746-160x-6-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2009] [Accepted: 02/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diseases of the salivary glands are rare in infants and children (with the exception of diseases such as parotitis epidemica and cytomegaly) and the therapeutic regimen differs from that in adults. It is therefore all the more important to gain exact and extensive insight into general and special aspects of pathological changes of the salivary glands in these age groups. Etiology and pathogenesis of these entities is still not yet fully known for the age group in question so that general rules for treatment, based on clinical experience, cannot be given, particularly in view of the small number of cases of the different diseases. Swellings of the salivary glands may be caused by acute and chronic inflammatory processes, by autoimmune diseases, by duct translocation due to sialolithiasis, and by tumors of varying dignity. Clinical examination and diagnosis has also to differentiate between salivary gland cysts and inflammation or tumors. CONCLUSION Salivary gland diseases are rare in childhood and adolescence. Their pattern of incidence differs very much from that of adults. Acute and chronic sialadenitis not responding to conservative treatment requires an appropriate surgical approach. The rareness of salivary gland tumors is particularly true for the malignant parotid tumors which are more frequent in juvenile patients, a fact that has to be considered in diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Ellies
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Rainer Laskawi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Ellies M, Schaffranietz F, Arglebe C, Laskawi R. Tumors of the salivary glands in childhood and adolescence. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2006; 64:1049-58. [PMID: 16781337 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2006.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We report on 52 juvenile and adolescent patients with benign and malignant tumors of the salivary glands. Controlled follow-up was carried out to examine outcome and side effects of therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS The clinical files of 52 patients were evaluated by computer-based methods. Follow-up was comprised of the findings of our clinic as well as those of the primarily consulted physicians and, if possible, up-to-date examinations in our clinic. RESULTS Benign tumors had their highest incidence in puberty and postpuberty. Forty patients (20 girls and 20 boys; 77%) had benign growths and 12 patients (9 girls and 3 boys; 23%) suffered from malignant neoplasms. After surgery for benign tumors we saw no postoperative recurrences in long-term follow-up. In the group of malignant tumors, 8 patients (66.7%) survived their disease in the long-term follow-up. CONCLUSIONS Salivary gland diseases are rare in childhood and adolescence. Their pattern of incidence differs very much from that of adults. This is particularly true for the malignant parotid tumors that are more frequent in juvenile patients, a fact that has to be considered in diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Ellies
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
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Laskawi R, Schaffranietz F, Arglebe C, Ellies M. Inflammatory diseases of the salivary glands in infants and adolescents. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2006; 70:129-36. [PMID: 16105693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2005.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2005] [Accepted: 06/06/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine retrospectively the localization, etiology and treatment of inflammatory diseases of the salivary glands in infants and children and to evaluate treatment outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-five patients were treated in our institution in the period 1966-2000. The patients' records were evaluated and the results and side-effects of therapy were documented by a controlled follow-up study. RESULTS Twenty-five of our patients were females (55.6%) and 20 males (44.4%). Inflammatory disorders figured most prominently in the group of patients between 12 and 16 years (n=14). Inflammation of the submandibular glands was the most common disease with 53.3% (n=24). The most frequent underlying cause in this subgroup of acute and chronic sialadenitis was sialolithiasis of the submandibular gland (40%). All patients were symptom-free in the long-term follow-up and all were symptom-free after surgical intervention. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows that diseases of the salivary glands are rare among infants and children. Acute and chronic sialadenitis not responding to conservative treatment requires an appropriate surgical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Laskawi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Street 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
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Waseem Z, Waseem BAZ, Forte V. An unusual case of bilateral submandibular sialolithiasis in a young female patient. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2005; 69:691-4. [PMID: 15850690 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2004] [Revised: 10/18/2004] [Accepted: 11/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Salivary calculi in the pediatric population comprise only 3% of all cases of sialolithiasis. In addition, the presentation of bilateral calculi in children is rare. The formation of stones in the salivary glands has been attributed to slow salivary flow, salivary stagnation and unknown metabolic events. There is no report in the literature of an association between dietary calcium intake and calculi formation. We describe the clinical findings and management in a patient with bilateral sialolithiasis thought to be linked to high dietary calcium intake and review the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Waseem
- Department of Otolaryngology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont., Canada
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Nahlieli O, Shacham R, Shlesinger M, Eliav E. Juvenile recurrent parotitis: a new method of diagnosis and treatment. Pediatrics 2004; 114:9-12. [PMID: 15231901 DOI: 10.1542/peds.114.1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) is a nonobstructive, nonsuppurative parotid inflammation in young children. Causative factors, such as local autoimmune manifestation, allergy, infection, and genetic inheritance, have been suggested, but none of them has been proved to date. Until now, treatment of JRP was divided into conservative observation and antibiotic treatment, and no preventive therapy was available. METHODS Twenty-six cases symptomatic JRP in children were diagnosed and treated with a combined endoscopic approach. Sialography and sialoendoscopy were performed bilaterally in all children. The treatment modality was composed of lavage, ductal dilation, and hydrocortisone injection. RESULTS Sialography showed multiple sialectasis in the affected gland and in the contralateral one as well. Dilations and strictures were noticed in the main duct, and kinks could be identified in 31% of the glands. The main endoscopic finding was a white appearance of the ductal layer without the healthy blood vessel coverage. Recurrence of the symptoms occurred in only 2 (8%) children. CONCLUSIONS The endoscopic technique provides the possibility of a correct diagnosis and treatment. In this article, we present a new treatment modality of irrigation and dilation under direct vision by endoscopically guided miniature surgical instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oded Nahlieli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Barzilai Medical Center, Ashkelon, Israel.
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Vinagre C, Martínez MJ, Avendaño LF, Landaeta M, Pinto ME. Virology of infantile chronic recurrent parotitis in Santiago de Chile. J Med Virol 2003; 70:459-62. [PMID: 12767011 PMCID: PMC7166456 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.10417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Infantile chronic recurrent parotitis (ICRP) has been attributed to multiple causes, including viral infections, and therefore its treatment remains empirical. Our aim was to evaluate the involvement of respiratory and oropharyngeal viruses in acute episodes of ICRP. Seventy children were studied, 50 patients and 20 age-matched controls, in a 2-year follow-up study. Saliva samples were taken from the parotid duct and analyzed by viral isolation and immunofluorescence for adenovirus (Ad), respiratory sincitial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PI), influenza virus (Flu), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV). Paired sera samples were tested by ELISA for anti-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) IgG and anti-mumps IgM and IgG. Viral infections were detected in 7/50 (14%) cases of the ICRP group: one CMV; 2 Enteroviruses isolated in human embryonic lung fibroblast cells; 1 Flu A; and 3 mumps virus. No EBV seroconversions were detected. In the control group, 2 out of the 20 children had an asymptomatic mumps positive IgM titer. Our data indicate that the main respiratory and oropharyngeal viruses are not the cause of acute episodes of ICRP in Chilean children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Vinagre
- Virology Program, I.C.B.M., University of Chile, School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - María José Martínez
- Virology Program, I.C.B.M., University of Chile, School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Fidel Avendaño
- Virology Program, I.C.B.M., University of Chile, School of Medicine, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mirta Landaeta
- Infantil Maxillofacial Department, San Juan de Dios Hospital, Santiago, Chile
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Drage NA, Brown JE, Wilson RF. Pain and swelling after sialography: is it a significant problem? ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, ORAL PATHOLOGY, ORAL RADIOLOGY, AND ENDODONTICS 2000; 90:385-8. [PMID: 10982963 DOI: 10.1067/moe.2000.108440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the incidence of pain and swelling after sialography and quantified the duration and severity of these symptoms. STUDY DESIGN Sialography was performed on 92 patients who were then given a questionnaire to complete. Seventy-two questionnaires were returned and completed in a satisfactory manner. The patients were asked to assess pain and swelling before and after the sialogram was performed by using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Comparisons between postsialographic measurements and baseline measures were carried out by using Friedman repeated measures analysis of variance on ranks. RESULTS VAS scores increased significantly for both pain and swelling 1 hour after the sialogram (T1). The scores for swelling returned to baseline levels after 1 day (T2). The VAS for pain showed a similar pattern, but 2 days after the sialogram (T3), the scores were significantly lower, compared with those before the sialogram (P <. 05). CONCLUSIONS Sialography is a safe procedure. Patients should be advised that minor effects may last approximately 1 day. A reduction in pain to below baseline levels was noted 2 days after sialography, which may suggest an unexpected benefit of sialography.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Drage
- Department of Dental Radiology, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' Dental Institute, King's College, London, UK
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López Álvarez-Buhilla P, Blanco Bruned J, Torres Piedra y C, Alfonso Sánchez L. Tratamiento de la sialolitiasis con láser de CO2. An Pediatr (Barc) 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1695-4033(00)77417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Whitelaw
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY 40292, USA.
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Abstract
(1) Recurrent parotitis is probably caused by a congenital abnormality of the salivary gland ducts with recurrent attacks of ascending infection, perhaps aided by dehydration. The parotid gland is predominantly affected probably because of its lower rate of secretion compared with the submandibular gland. (2) The condition mainly affects children between the ages of 3 and 6, with males being more commonly affected. The symptoms peak in the first year of school, and usually, but not invariably, begin to subside at puberty. By the age of 22, most patients are completely symptom-free. When the disease starts after puberty, females are predominantly affected. (3) Ultrasound is the appropriate initial investigation, and is usually supplemented by sialography. The sialography may itself cause a resolution of symptoms. (4) Treatment is conservative in the first instance, and an expectant policy is indicated. More aggressive treatment is justified only for those adults with persistent problems. This may be parotid duct ligation, parotidectomy, or tympanic neurectomy, depending upon the preference and experience of the treating physician.
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Affiliation(s)
- V V Chitre
- Department of Otolaryngology, James Paget Hospital, Great Yarmouth, Norfolk
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24
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Infantile chronic recurrent parotitis (ICRP) is characterized by episodes of recurrent swelling of the parotid gland with decreased salivary flow and purulent secretion. The etiology of this little unknown clinical condition has been attributed to multiple causes such as canalicular system malformations, ascending bacterial infection, hyposialia, parotitis sequelae, viral infections and immunologic disorders, among others. METHODS We studied the types (with counts) of microorganisms involved in ICRP. Saliva samples were obtained from 56 patients and 20 controls, inoculated onto enriched media and incubated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Antimicrobial susceptibility and serotyping of the isolated organisms isolated were performed. RESULTS Of 57 saliva samples from ICRP patients, 52 (91%) were culture-positive. The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. Thirteen of twenty (65%) samples were also culture-positive, mostly for viridans streptococci. However, colony counts were lower than in clinical samples (P < 0.004). Approximately one-third of S. pneumoniae strains resistant or moderately resistant to penicillin, and all H. influenzae strains were susceptible to all of the antimicrobials tested. CONCLUSIONS S. pneumoniae or H. influenzae were isolated in high concentrations in IRCP cases but not in controls, suggesting that these microorganisms may have a role in the development of this clinical entity. Quantitative cultures are very important in assessment of the pathogenic role of these microorganisms in patients but not in controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Giglio
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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25
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Abstract
Six children including two neonates with acute suppurative parotitis are described. They presented typical symptoms and signs of fever (4/6) and swelling (6/6), tenderness (6/6), erythema (4/6) and local warmness (4/6) of the parotid gland affected. Leucocytosis and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and serum amylase level may be seen. The presence of purulent discharge from the Stensen duct when the parotid gland is externally compressed is pathognomonic of the disease, and the microbiological diagnosis can be made by culture of the pus. Microbiologically, this series highlights the polymicrobic nature and importance of Streptococcus viridans in paediatric suppurative parotitis, indicating, therefore, that the causative bacteria entered the gland from the oral cavity. Our data also suggest that initial antibiotic therapy for such patients should provide adequate coverage for streptococci and staphylococci as well as for anaerobic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Chiu
- Department of Paediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Nusem-Horowitz S, Wolf M, Coret A, Kronenberg J. Acute suppurative parotitis and parotid abscess in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1995; 32:123-7. [PMID: 7544772 DOI: 10.1016/0165-5876(94)01120-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Acute suppurative parotitis and parotid gland abscess are infrequently encountered among children. Fourteen children were diagnosed in the Sheba Medical Center as suffering from these infections and their clinical features are described. Discussion reveals neither significant differences nor predominating factors to differentiate between these two entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nusem-Horowitz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
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30
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Abstract
Twelve pediatric patients with parotid or submandibular salivary gland calculi were successfully diagnosed following appropriately aimed imaging methods. The treatment modalities were: secretory stimulation of the gland to induce spontaneous passage, sialolithotomy or sialadenectomy. The treatment of choice was dependent on the size and location of the calculi, as well as on the affected gland and its functional secretory state.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bodner
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Soroka Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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31
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Nozaki H, Harasawa A, Hara H, Kohno A, Shigeta A. Ultrasonographic features of recurrent parotitis in childhood. Pediatr Radiol 1994; 24:98-100. [PMID: 8078732 DOI: 10.1007/bf02020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Six children with recurrent parotitis were studied by ultrasound. Of the 12 parotid glands thus observed, 5 were swollen and 7 were not enlarged. Multiple round hypoechoic areas measuring 2-4 mm in diameter were seen in all 5 enlarged parotid glands and in 5 non-enlarged glands. These small hypoechoic areas were larger than the punctate pools of contrast medium shown by sialography. We consider that these hypoechoic areas represented both peripheral sialectasis and surrounding lymphocytic infiltration. We propose that ultrasonography may be useful for the diagnosis and follow-up of recurrent parotitis in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nozaki
- Department of Radiology, Tokyo Women's Medical College, Japan
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33
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Abstract
Recurrent parotitis in children is a well described but rare condition of unknown cause. The clinical features of 11 children with recurrent parotitis are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- H A Cohen
- Department of Paediatrics, Golda Medical Centre, Hasharon Hospital, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Petach Tikvah, Israel
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Ericson S, Zetterlund B, Ohman J. Recurrent parotitis and sialectasis in childhood. Clinical, radiologic, immunologic, bacteriologic, and histologic study. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1991; 100:527-35. [PMID: 2064262 DOI: 10.1177/000348949110000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Twenty children with juvenile recurrent parotitis, between 3 months and 16 years of age at onset, were followed up over a period of 7 to 22 years. Radiologic, histopathologic, cytologic, immunologic, and bacteriologic studies were performed to investigate the cause of sialectasis, commonly found in juvenile recurrent parotitis, and the pathogenesis of the disease. It was considered that a combination of a congenital malformation of portions of the salivary ducts and infections ascending from the mouth following dehydration of the children are contributory to the pathogenesis of the disease. The results of the investigations into the cause of the disease appear to exclude an auto-immunologic response or an allergic condition, an immature immune response, mumps, a sensitivity to upper respiratory tract infection, and familial factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ericson
- Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Radiology, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Examination, Jönköping, Sweden
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35
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36
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Abstract
Inflammatory salivary disease in childhood is an infrequent clinical entity. That associated with sialolithiasis is rare. We report a case of a child with spontaneous passage of a submandibular calculus. We believe she represents the youngest patient documented to demonstrate the phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Walsh
- Accident and Emergency Dept, Royal Liverpool Children's Hospital
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37
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Abstract
Recurrent parotitis in children is a well-described but rare condition of unknown cause. In this follow-up investigation the long-term course of the disease was studied both clinically and radiographically. In 23 of 25 patients investigated, the clinical symptoms disappeared before the patients were 22 years of age, independent of a given therapy. However, sialographic changes, mostly in the form of sialectasis, were seen on follow-up in the majority of cases, in spite of the fact that the patients were clinically symptom free.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Geterud
- Ear, Nose, and Throat Department, University of Göteborg, Sweden
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38
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Galili D, Marmary Y. Juvenile recurrent parotitis: clinicoradiologic follow-up study and the beneficial effect of sialography. ORAL SURGERY, ORAL MEDICINE, AND ORAL PATHOLOGY 1986; 61:550-6. [PMID: 3459982 DOI: 10.1016/0030-4220(86)90091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In twenty-two children juvenile recurrent parotitis (JRP) was diagnosed on the basis of age at onset, duration of parotid swelling episodes, frequency of attacks, lack of pus formation, and typical sialograms. Age at onset and severity of the disease varied widely. There was a high incidence of upper respiratory tract infection, and in some cases a familial history of JRP was noted. The sialograms revealed acinar and ductal atrophy and severe sialectasis. A dominant feature was impaired glandular function. The follow-up period was notable for a striking decrease in the number of incidents of glandular swelling regardless of the patient's age at the time of his or her first visit to our clinic. Since drug treatment was administered prior to our first examination and no medicaments were prescribed by us, the improvement in the clinical status of the patients is attributed to the sialographic procedures.
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Abstract
Sialadenitis in children has been discussed. A literature review highlighting salient points in sialadenitis is presented. Classification of sialadenitis is discussed using the categories of several authors. An unusual case involving acute suppurative parotitis in a child is presented. The development of contralateral disease while treatment was in progress was unusual. In this case, association with mumps parotitis was strongly suspected despite previous immunization. Progression of disease with abscess formation is also unusual. Mumps virus parotitis has been rarely reported in association with acute suppurative parotitis. Immunization affords protection, but a definite failure rate exists. Based upon histologic examination, mumps parotitis would seem to be a predisposing factor for bacterial infection.
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Kaltman JO, Ganz ML, Waskerwitz S. A healthy infant with facial swelling, fever. HOSPITAL PRACTICE (OFFICE ED.) 1985; 20:93-4. [PMID: 3932441 DOI: 10.1080/21548331.1985.11703056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Correction: Alpha-chain disease diagnosed by rectal biopsy. West J Med 1980. [DOI: 10.1136/bmj.280.6228.1358-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Bullock KN. Salivary duct calculi presenting as trismus in a child. BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 1980; 280:1357-8. [PMID: 7388542 PMCID: PMC1601794 DOI: 10.1136/bmj.280.6228.1357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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44
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Abstract
A case of a child suffering from recurrent parotitis secondary to inadvertant chewing on Stensen's duct orifice suggests that this cause may be common to other children plagued by this puzzling disorder.
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