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Oliveira TM, Ribeiro FW, Sousa CP, Salazar-Banda GR, de Lima-Neto P, Correia AN, Morais S. Current overview and perspectives on carbon-based (bio)sensors for carbamate pesticides electroanalysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.115779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Li T, Berberich J, Sahle-Demessie E, Varughese E. A disposable acetylcholine esterase sensor for As(III) determination in groundwater matrix based on 4-acetoxyphenol hydrolysis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2019; 11:5203-5213. [PMID: 32021658 PMCID: PMC6997941 DOI: 10.1039/c9ay01199d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There is a lack of field compatible analytical method for the speciation of As(III) to characterize groundwater pollution at anthropogenic sites. To address this issue, an inhibition-based acetylcholine esterase (AchE) sensor was developed to determine As(III) in groundwater. 4-Acetoxyphenol was employed to develop an amperometric assay for AchE activity. This assay was used to guide the fabrication of an AchE sensor with screen-printed carbon electrode. An As(III) determination protocol was developed based on the pseudo-irreversible inhibition mechanism. The analysis has a dynamic range of 2-500 μM (150 - 37,500 μg L-1) for As(III). The sensor exhibited the same dynamic range and sensitivity in a synthetic groundwater matrix. The electrode was stable for at least 150 days at 22 ± 2 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45268, USA
| | - Jason Berberich
- Department of Chemical, Paper and Biomedical Engineering, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, 45056, USA
| | - Endalkachew Sahle-Demessie
- National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45268, USA
| | - Eunice Varughese
- National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45268, USA
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New Carrier Made from Glass Nanofibres for the Colorimetric Biosensor of Cholinesterase Inhibitors. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2018; 8:bios8020051. [PMID: 29848955 PMCID: PMC6023030 DOI: 10.3390/bios8020051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cholinesterase inhibitors are widely used as pesticides in agriculture, but also form a group of organophosphates known as nerve chemical warfare agents. This calls for close attention regarding their detection, including the use of various biosensors. One such biosensor made in the Czech Republic is the Detehit, which is based on a cholinesterase reaction that is assessed using a colour indicator—the Ellman’s reagent—which is anchored on cellulose filter paper together with the substrate. With the use of this biosensor, detection is simple, quick, and sensitive. However, its disadvantage is that a less pronounced yellow discoloration occurs, especially under difficult light conditions. As a possible solution, a new indicator/substrate carrier has been designed. It is made of glass nanofibres, so the physical characteristics of the carrier positively influence reaction conditions, and as a result improve the colour response of the biosensor. The authors present and discuss some of the results of the study of this carrier under various experimental conditions. These findings have been used for the development of a modified Detehit biosensor.
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Vaghela C, Kulkarni M, Haram S, Aiyer R, Karve M. A novel inhibition based biosensor using urease nanoconjugate entrapped biocomposite membrane for potentiometric glyphosate detection. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 108:32-40. [PMID: 29174355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.11.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A potentiometric biosensor based on agarose-guar gum (A-G) entrapped bio-nanoconjugate of urease with gold nanoparticles (AUNps), has been reported for the first time for glyphosate detection. The biosensor is based on inhibition of urease activity by glyphosate, which was measured by direct potentiometry using ammonium ion selective electrode covered with A-G-urease nanoconjugate membrane. TEM and FTIR analysis revealed nanoconjugate formation and its immobilization in A-G matrix respectively. The composite biopolymer employed for immobilization yields thin, transparent, flexible membrane having superior mechanical strength and stability. It retains the maximum activity (92%) of urease with negligible leaching. The conjugation of urease with AUNps allows improvement in response characteristics for potentiometric measurement. The biosensor shows a linear response in the glyphosate concentration range from 0.5ppm-50ppm, with limit of detection at 0.5ppm, which covers maximum residual limit set by WHO for drinking water. The inhibition of catalytic activity of urease nanoconjugate by gyphosate was confirmed by FTIR analysis. The response of fabricated biosensor is selective towards glyphosate as against various other pesticides. The biosensor exhibits good performance in terms of reproducibility and prolonged storage stability of 180days. Thus, the present biosensor provides an alternative method for simple, selective and cost effective detection of glyphosate based on urease inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetana Vaghela
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Mohan Kulkarni
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007, India.
| | - Santosh Haram
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Rohini Aiyer
- Center for Sensor Studies, Department of Electronic Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India
| | - Meena Karve
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhid Road, Pune, 411007, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šárka Štěpánková
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
| | - Katarína Vorčáková
- Faculty of Chemical Technology, Department of Biological and Biochemical Sciences, University of Pardubice, Pardubice, Czech Republic
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Tiwari I, Gupta M, Pandey CM. Application of Cationic Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) Iron Oxide/Chitosan-Based Nanocomposite for the Determination of Paraoxon. ChemElectroChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201402255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kim CS, Seo JH, Kang DG, Cha HJ. Engineered whole-cell biocatalyst-based detoxification and detection of neurotoxic organophosphate compounds. Biotechnol Adv 2014; 32:652-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 04/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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8
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Holas O, Musilek K, Pohanka M, Kuca K. The progress in the cholinesterase quantification methods. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2012; 7:1207-23. [DOI: 10.1517/17460441.2012.729037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Sassolas A, Prieto-Simón B, Marty JL. Biosensors for Pesticide Detection: New Trends. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.4236/ajac.2012.33030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Wang K, Wang L, Jiang W, Hu J. A sensitive enzymatic method for paraoxon detection based on enzyme inhibition and fluorescence quenching. Talanta 2011; 84:400-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2010] [Revised: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Van Dyk JS, Pletschke B. Review on the use of enzymes for the detection of organochlorine, organophosphate and carbamate pesticides in the environment. CHEMOSPHERE 2011; 82:291-307. [PMID: 21055790 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2010] [Revised: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides are released intentionally into the environment and, through various processes, contaminate the environment. Three of the main classes of pesticides that pose a serious problem are organochlorines, organophosphates and carbamates. While pesticides are associated with many health effects, there is a lack of monitoring data on these contaminants. Traditional chromatographic methods are effective for the analysis of pesticides in the environment, but have limitations and prevent adequate monitoring. Enzymatic methods have been promoted for many years as an alternative method of detection of these pesticides. The main enzymes that have been utilised in this regard have been acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, alkaline phosphatase, organophosphorus hydrolase and tyrosinase. The enzymatic methods are based on the activation or inhibition of the enzyme by a pesticide which is proportional to the concentration of the pesticide. Research on enzymatic methods of detection, as well as some of the problems and challenges associated with these methods, is extensively discussed in this review. These methods can serve as a tool for screening large samples which can be followed up with the more traditional chromatographic methods of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Susan Van Dyk
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
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12
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Verma N, Dhillon SS. Biosensors For Monitoring Insecticides And Herbicides - A Survey. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00207230304751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Zitova A, O'Mahony FC, Kurochkin IN, Papkovsky DB. A Simple Screening Assay for Cholinesterase Activity and Inhibition Based on Optical Oxygen Detection. ANAL LETT 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00032711003653833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Miao Y, He N, Zhu JJ. History and New Developments of Assays for Cholinesterase Activity and Inhibition. Chem Rev 2010; 110:5216-34. [DOI: 10.1021/cr900214c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Miao
- Lab of Biomimetic Electrochemistry and Biosensors, Institute of Physical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Laboratory), Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Nongyue He
- Lab of Biomimetic Electrochemistry and Biosensors, Institute of Physical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Laboratory), Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- Lab of Biomimetic Electrochemistry and Biosensors, Institute of Physical Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics (Chien-Shiung Wu Laboratory), Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Norouzy A, Habibi-Rezaei M, Qujeq D, Vatani M, Badiei A. Adsorptive Immobilization of Acetylcholine Esterase on Octadecyl Substituted Porous Silica: Optical Bio-analysis of Carbaryl. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2010. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2010.31.01.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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16
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Przybylski C, Bonnet V. Combination of 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry as tools for investigation of the thermolytic and solvolytic effects. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:4787-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2008] [Revised: 03/14/2009] [Accepted: 04/07/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Tapsoba I, Bourhis S, Feng T, Pontié M. Sensitive and Selective Electrochemical Analysis of Methyl-parathion (MPT) and 4-Nitrophenol (PNP) by a New Type p-NiTSPc/p-PPD Coated Carbon Fiber Microelectrode (CFME). ELECTROANAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.200804529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Choline oxidase as a selective recognition element for determination of paraoxon. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 24:2509-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2009.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2008] [Revised: 12/29/2008] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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19
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Choi BG, Park H, Park TJ, Kim DH, Lee SY, Hong WH. Development of the electrochemical biosensor for organophosphate chemicals using CNT/ionic liquid bucky gel electrode. Electrochem commun 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2009.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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20
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Evtugyn GA, Budnikov HC, Nikolskaya EB. Biosensors for the determination of environmental inhibitors of enzymes. RUSSIAN CHEMICAL REVIEWS 2007. [DOI: 10.1070/rc1999v068n12abeh000525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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21
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Liu X, Li A, Wu C, Lu J. Flow Injection Chemiluminescence Determination of Fenitrothion Pesticide Using Luminol‐Hydrogen Peroxide System. ANAL LETT 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710701588614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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22
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Vamvakaki V, Chaniotakis NA. Pesticide detection with a liposome-based nano-biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2007; 22:2848-53. [PMID: 17223333 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2006.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2006] [Revised: 10/06/2006] [Accepted: 11/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring of the organophosphorus pesticides dichlorvos and paraoxon at very low levels has been achieved with liposome-based nano-biosensors. The enzyme acetylcholinesterase was effectively stabilized within the internal nano-environment of the liposomes. Within the liposomes, the pH sensitive fluorescent indicator pyranine was also immobilized for the optical transduction of the enzymatic activity. Increasing amounts of pesticides lead to the decrease of the enzymatic activity for the hydrolysis of the acetylcholine and thus to a decrease in the fluorescent signal of the pH indicator. The decrease of the liposome biosensors signal is relative to the concentration of dichlorvos and paraoxon down to 10(-10)M levels. This biosensor system has been applied successfully to the detection of total toxicity in drinking water samples. Also a colorimetric screening device for pesticide analysis has been evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Vamvakaki
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Vassilika Vouton 71 003, Iraklion Crete, Greece
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Wei W, Wang R, Nie L, Yao S. Rapid Determination of Dimethoate with a Surface Acoustic Wave Impedance Sensor System. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719708001811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Andreescu S, Marty JL. Twenty years research in cholinesterase biosensors: From basic research to practical applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 23:1-15. [PMID: 16443390 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioeng.2006.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2005] [Revised: 01/03/2006] [Accepted: 01/04/2006] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decades, cholinesterase (ChE) biosensors have emerged as an ultra sensitive and rapid technique for toxicity analysis in environmental monitoring, food and quality control. These systems have the potential to complement or replace the classical analytical methods by simplifying or eliminating sample preparation protocols and making field testing easier and faster with significant decrease in costs per analysis. Over the years, engineering of more sensitive ChE enzymes, development of more reliable immobilization protocols and progress in the area of microelectronics could allow ChE biosensors to be competitive for field analysis and extend their applications to multianalyte screening, development of small, portable instrumentations for rapid toxicity testing, and detectors in chromatographic systems. In this paper, we will review the research efforts over the last 20 years in fabricating AChE biosensors and the recent trends and challenges encounter once the sensor is used outside research laboratory for in situ real sample applications. The review will discuss the generations of cholinesterase sensors with their advantages and limitations, the existing electrode configurations and fabrication techniques and their applications for toxicity monitoring. We will focus on low-cost electrochemical sensors and the approaches used for enzyme immobilization. Recent works for achieving high sensitivity and selectivity are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana Andreescu
- Department of Chemistry, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York, NY-13699-5810, USA
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Abstract
Here we show that a microfluidic sensor based on an array of hydrogel-entrapped enzymes can be used to simultaneously detect different concentrations of the same analyte (glucose) or multiple analytes (glucose and galactose) in real time. The concentration of paraoxon, an acetylcholine esterase inhibitor, can be quantified using the same approach. The hydrogel micropatch arrays and the microfluidic systems are easy to fabricate, and the hydrogels provide a convenient, biocompatible matrix for the enzymes. Isolation of the micropatches within different microfluidic channels eliminates the possibility of cross talk between enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinseok Heo
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA
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Liu G, Lin Y. Electrochemical Sensor for Organophosphate Pesticides and Nerve Agents Using Zirconia Nanoparticles as Selective Sorbents. Anal Chem 2005; 77:5894-901. [PMID: 16159119 DOI: 10.1021/ac050791t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An electrochemical sensor for detection of organophosphate (OP) pesticides and nerve agents using zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles as selective sorbents is presented. Zirconia nanoparticles were electrodynamically deposited onto the polycrystalline gold electrode by cyclic voltammetry. Because of the strong affinity of zirconia for the phosphoric group, nitroaromatic OPs strongly bind to the ZrO2 nanoparticle surface. The electrochemical characterization and anodic stripping voltammetric performance of bound OPs were evaluated using cyclic voltammetric and square-wave voltammetric (SWV) analysis. SWV was used to monitor the amount of bound OPs and provide simple, fast, and facile quantitative methods for nitroaromatic OP compounds. The sensor surface can be regenerated by successively running SWV scanning. Operational parameters, including the amount of nanoparticles, adsorption time, and pH of the reaction medium have been optimized. The stripping voltammetric response is highly linear over the 5-100 ng/mL (ppb) methyl parathion range examined (2-min adsorption), with a detection limit of 3 ng/mL and good precision (RSD = 5.3%, n = 10). The detection limit was improved to 1 ng/mL by using 10-min adsorption time. The promising stripping voltammetric performances open new opportunities for fast, simple, and sensitive analysis of OPs in environmental and biological samples. These findings can lead to a widespread use of electrochemical sensors to detect OP contaminates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Liu
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, USA
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28
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Insecticide identification using a flow injection analysis system with biosensors based on various cholinesterases. Anal Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Liu G, Lin Y. Electrochemical stripping analysis of organophosphate pesticides and nerve agents. Electrochem commun 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2005.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Chapter 10 Non-affinity sensing technology: the exploitation of biocatalytic events for environmental analysis. BIOSENSORS AND MODERN BIOSPECIFIC ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-526x(05)44010-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lei Y, Mulchandani P, Chen W, Wang J, Mulchandani A. Whole cell-enzyme hybrid amperometric biosensor for direct determination of organophosphorous nerve agents with p-nitrophenyl substituent. Biotechnol Bioeng 2004; 85:706-13. [PMID: 14991648 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we reported the construction of a hybrid biosensor for direct, highly selective, sensitive, and rapid quantitative determination of organophosphate pesticides with p-nitrophenyl substituent using purified organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) for the initial hydrolysis and Arthrobacter sp. JS443 for subsequent p-nitrophenol oxidation. The biocatalytic layer was prepared by co-immobilizing Arthrobacter sp. JS443 and OPH on a carbon paste electrode. OPH catalyzed the hydrolysis of organophosphorus pesticides with p-nitrophenyl substituent such as paraoxon and methyl parathion to release p-nitrophenol that was oxidized by the enzymatic machinery of Arthrobacter sp. JS443 to carbon dioxide through electroactive intermediates 4-nitrocatechol and 1,2,4-benzenetriol. The oxidization current of the intermediates was measured and correlated to the concentration of organophosphates. The best sensitivity and response time were obtained using a sensor constructed with 0.06 mg dry weight of cell and 965 IU of OPH operating at 400 mV applied potential (vs. Ag/AgCl reference) in 50 mM citrate-phosphate pH 7.5 buffer at room temperature. Using these conditions, the biosensor measured as low as 2.8 ppb (10 nM) of paraoxon and 5.3 ppb (20 nM) of methyl parathion without interference from phenolic compounds, carbamate pesticides, triazine herbicides, and organophosphate pesticides that do not have the p-nitrophenyl substituent. The biosensor had excellent operational life-time stability with no decrease in response for more than 40 repeated uses over a 12-h period when stored at room temperature, while its storage life was approximately 2 days when stored in the operating buffer at 4 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lei
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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Dăneţ AF, Bucur B, Cheregi MC, Badea M, Şerban S. Spectrophotometric Determination of Organophosphoric Insecticides in a FIA System Based on AChE Inhibition. ANAL LETT 2003. [DOI: 10.1081/al-120017263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kok FN, Bozoglu F, Hasirci V. Construction of an acetylcholinesterase-choline oxidase biosensor for aldicarb determination. Biosens Bioelectron 2002; 17:531-9. [PMID: 11959475 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(02)00009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, acetylcholinesterase and choline oxidase were co-immobilized on poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) membranes and the change in oxygen consumption upon aldicarb introduction was measured. Immobilization of the enzymes was achieved either by entrapment or by surface attachment via a hybrid immobilization method including epichlorohydrin and Cibacron Blue F36A activation. Immobilized enzymes had a long-storage stability (only 15% activity decrease in 2 months in wet storage and no activity loss in dry storage). Aldicarb detection studies showed that a linear working range of 10-500 and 10-250 ppb aldicarb could be achieved by entrapped and surface immobilized enzymes, respectively. Enzymes immobilized on membrane surfaces responded to aldicarb presence more quickly than entrapped enzymes. Aldicarb concentrations as low as 23 and 12 ppb could be detected by entrapped and surface immobilized enzymes, respectively, in 25 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma N Kok
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Middle East Technical University, 06531, Ankara, Turkey
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Mulchandani A, Chen W, Mulchandani P, Wang J, Rogers KR. Biosensors for direct determination of organophosphate pesticides. Biosens Bioelectron 2001; 16:225-30. [PMID: 11390208 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(01)00126-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Direct, selective, rapid and simple determination of organophosphate pesticides has been achieved by integrating organophosphorus hydrolase with electrochemical and opitical transducers. Organophosphorus hydrolase catalyzes the hydrolysis of a wide range of organophosphate compounds, releasing an acid and an alcohol that can be detected directly. This article reviews development, characterization and applications of organophosphorus hydrolase-based potentiometric, amperometric and optical biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mulchandani
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
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37
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Wang J, Chatrathi MP, Mulchandani A, Chen W. Capillary electrophoresis microchips for separation and detection of organophosphate nerve agents. Anal Chem 2001; 73:1804-8. [PMID: 11338594 DOI: 10.1021/ac001424e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A miniaturized analytical system for separating and detecting toxic organophosphate nerve agent compounds, based on the coupling of a micromachined capillary electrophoresis chip with a thick-film amperometric detector, is described. Factors influencing the on-chip separation and detection processes have been optimized. Using a MES buffer (20 mM, pH 5.0) running buffer, a 72-mm-long separation channel, and a separation voltage of 2000 V, baseline resolution is observed for paraoxon, methyl parathion, fenitrothion, and ethyl parathion in 140 s. Such miniaturization and speed advantages are coupled to submicromolar detection limits and good precision. Applicability to spiked river water samples is demonstrated, and the implications for on-site environmental monitoring and rapid security screening/warning are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
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38
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Rekha K, Thakur MS, Karanth NG. Biosensors for the detection of organophosphorous pesticides. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2001; 20:213-35. [PMID: 11039330 DOI: 10.1080/07388550008984170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Rekha
- Fermentation Technology and Bioengineering Department, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
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39
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de Oliveira MF, Stradiotto NR. VOLTAMMETRIC ASSAY OF ALBENDAZOLE IN PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORMS. ANAL LETT 2001. [DOI: 10.1081/al-100102580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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40
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Ivanov A, Evtugyn G, Gyurcsányi R, Tóth K, Budnikov H. Comparative investigation of electrochemical cholinesterase biosensors for pesticide determination. Anal Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(99)00683-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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42
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43
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Evtugyn G, Ivanov A, Gogol E, Marty JL, Budnikov H. Amperometric flow-through biosensor for the determination of cholinesterase inhibitors. Anal Chim Acta 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(98)00660-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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44
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Noguer T, Leca B, Jeanty G, Marty JL. Biosensors based on enzyme inhibition: Detection of organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides and dithiocarbamate fungicides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1520-6521(1999)3:3<171::aid-fact4>3.0.co;2-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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45
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Mulchandani P, Mulchandani A, Kaneva I, Chen W. Biosensor for direct determination of organophosphate nerve agents. 1. Potentiometric enzyme electrode. Biosens Bioelectron 1999; 14:77-85. [PMID: 10028652 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(98)00096-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A potentiometric enzyme electrode for the direct measurement of organophosphate (OP) nerve agents was developed. The basic element of this enzyme electrode was a pH electrode modified with an immobilized organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) layer formed by cross-linking OPH with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and glutaradehyde. OPH catalyses the hydrolysis of organophosphorus pesticides to release protons, the concentration of which is proportional to the amount of hydrolysed substrate. The sensor signal and response time was optimized with respect to the buffer pH, ionic concentration of buffer, temperature, and units of OPH immobilized using paraoxon as substrate. The best sensitivity and response time were obtained using a sensor constructed with 500 IU of OPH and operating in pH 8.5, 1 mM HEPES buffer. Using these conditions, the biosensor was used to measure as low as 2 microM of paraoxon, ethyl parathion, methyl parathion and diazinon. The biosensor was completely stable for at least one month when stored in pH 8.5, 1 mM HEPES + 100 mM NaCl buffer at 4 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mulchandani
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside 92521, USA
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46
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Mulchandani A, Kaneva I, Chen W. Biosensor for direct determination of organophosphate nerve agents using recombinant Escherichia coli with surface-expressed organophosphorus hydrolase. 2. Fiber-optic microbial biosensor. Anal Chem 1998; 70:5042-6. [PMID: 9852785 DOI: 10.1021/ac980643l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A fiber-optic microbial biosensor suitable for direct measurement of organophosphate nerve agents was developed. The unique features of this novel microbial biosensor were the recombinant Escherichia coli cells expressing the enzyme organophosphorus hydrolase on the cell surface and the optical detection of the products of enzyme-catalyzed organophosphate hydrolysis. The use of cells with the metabolic enzyme expressed on the cell surface as a biological sensing element provides advantages of no resistance to mass transport of the analyte and product across the cell membrane and low cost due to elimination of enzyme purification, over the conventional microbial biosensors based on cells expressing enzyme intracellularly and enzyme-based sensors, respectively. The use of an optical transducer allows the detection of different organophosphates in a mixture, presently not feasible with acetylcholinesterase-based biosensors. E. coli cells expressing organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) on the cell surface were immobilized in low melting temperature agarose on a nylon membrane and attached to the common end of a bifurcated fiber-optic bundle. OPH-expressing E. coli cells catalyzed the hydrolysis of organophosphorus pesticides to form stoichiometric amounts of chromophoric products that absorb light at specific wavelengths. The backscattered radiation of the specific wavelength incident light was measured using a photomultiplier detector and correlated to the organophosphate concentration. The best sensitivity and response time were obtained using a sensor constructed with 1.5 mg of cells operating in pH 9, 50 mM HEPES buffer with 100 mM NaCl and 0.05 mM CoCl2 at 30 degrees C. At optimized conditions, the biosensor measured paraoxon, parathion, and coumaphos pesticides with high selectivity against triazine and carbamate pesticides in approximately 10 min. The lower detection limits were 3 microM for paraoxon and parathion and 5 microM for coumaphos. When stored in the buffer at 22 degrees C, the biosensor was stable for over a 1-month period and showed no decline in the response for over 75 repeated usages. The new fiber-optic microbial biosensor is an ideal tool for on-line monitoring of the detoxification process for organophosphate pesticides-contaminated wastewaters but may not be suitable for environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mulchandani
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside 92521, USA.
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47
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Keay RW, McNeil CJ. Separation-free electrochemical immunosensor for rapid determination of atrazine. Biosens Bioelectron 1998; 13:963-70. [PMID: 9839385 DOI: 10.1016/s0956-5663(98)00008-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A separation-free electrochemical immunoassay method for the detection of the pesticide atrazine is described. The method developed is a competitive ELISA incorporating disposable screen printed horseradish peroxidase modified electrodes as the detector element in conjunction with single-use atrazine immuno-membranes. Screen printed carbon electrodes were prepared using carbon ink incorporating horseradish peroxidase. A monoclonal antibody for atrazine was immobilised onto Biodyne C membranes which were, in turn, placed over the electrode surface. The assay was based on competition for available binding sites between free atrazine and an atrazine-glucose oxidase conjugate prepared 'in-house'. In the presence of glucose, H2O2 formed by the conjugate was reduced by enzyme-channelling via the HRP electrode. The HRP was in turn re-reduced by a direct electron transfer mechanism at a potential of +50 mV Vs Ag/AgCl. Any H2O2 formed in the bulk solution by unbound atrazine-GOD conjugate was scavenged by excess catalase thus removing the requirement for a washing step. The performance of the method was compared with a commercial immunoassay kit for atrazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- R W Keay
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Medical School, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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Stoytcheva M, Sharkova V, Magnin JP. Electrochemical Approach in Studying the Inactivation of Immobilized Acetylcholinesterase by Arsenate(III). ELECTROANAL 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4109(199810)10:14<994::aid-elan994>3.0.co;2-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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49
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Mulchandani A, Mulchandani P, Kaneva I, Chen W. Biosensor for direct determination of organophosphate nerve agents using recombinant Escherichia coli with surface-expressed organophosphorus hydrolase. 1. Potentiometric microbial electrode. Anal Chem 1998; 70:4140-5. [PMID: 9784751 DOI: 10.1021/ac9805201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A potentiometric microbial biosensor for the direct measurement of organophosphate (OP) nerve agents was developed by modifying a pH electrode with an immobilized layer of Escherichia coli cells expressing organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) on the cell surface. OPH catalyzes the hydrolysis of organophosporus pesticides to release protons, the concentration of which is proportional to the amount of hydrolyzed substrate. The sensor signal and response time were optimized with respect to the buffer pH, ionic concentration of buffer, temperature, and weight of cells immobilized using paraoxon as substrate. The best sensitivity and response time were obtained using a sensor constructed with 2.5 mg of cells and operating in pH 8.5, 1 mM HEPES buffer. Using these conditions, the biosensor was used to measure as low as 2 microM of paraoxon, methyl parathion, and diazinon. The biosensor had very good storage and multiple use stability. The use of cells with the metabolic enzyme expressed on cell surface as a biological transducer provides advantages of no resistances to mass transport of the analyte and product across the cell membrane and low cost due to elimination of enzyme purification, over the conventional microbial biosensors based on cells expressing enzyme intracellularly and enzyme-based sensors, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mulchandani
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside 92521, USA.
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50
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Mulchandani A, Mulchandani P, Chauhan S, Kaneva I, Chen W. A Potentiometric Microbial Biosensor for Direct Determination of Organophosphate Nerve Agents. ELECTROANAL 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1521-4109(199809)10:11<733::aid-elan733>3.0.co;2-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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