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Ye B, Chen P, Lin C, Zhang C, Li L. Study on the material basis and action mechanisms of sophora davidii (Franch.) skeels flower extract in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116815. [PMID: 37400006 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sophora davidii (Franch.) Skeels Flower (SDF) is a characteristic folk medicine in Yunnan and Guizhou, which can be used to prevent the occurrence of tumors. The extract of SDF (SDFE) is confirmed to be antitumor by pre-experiment. However, effective components and anticancer mechanisms of SDFE are still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to explore the material basis and action mechanisms of SDFE in the treatment of non-small cell carcinoma (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS UHPLC-Q-Exactive-Orbitrap-MS/MS was used to identify the chemical components of SDFE. The network pharmacology was applied to screen out the main active components, core genes and related signaling pathways of SDFE in treatment of NSCLC. Molecular docking was used to predict the affinity of major components and core targets. The database was applied to predict the mRNA and protein expression levels of core targets in NSCLC. Finally, the experiments in vitro were performed by CCK-8, flow cytometry and western blot (WB). RESULTS In this study, 98 chemical components were identified by UHPLC-Q-Exactive- Orbitrap-MS/MS. 5 main active components (namely quercetin, genistein, luteolin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin), 10 core genes (namely TP53, AKT1, STAT3, SRC, MAPK3, EGFR, JUN, EP300, TNF, PIK3R1) and 20 pathways were screened out through network pharmacology. The 5 active ingredients were molecularly docked with the core genes, and most the LibDockScore values were higher than 100. The data collected from the database indicated that TP53, AKT1 and PIK3R1 were closely related to the occurrence of NSCLC. The results of experiment in vitro showed that SDFE promoted NSCLC cells apoptosis by down-regulating the phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT and MDM2, up-regulating the phosphorylation of P53, inhibiting the expression of Bcl-2 and up-regulating the expression of Bax. CONCLUSION The combination of network pharmacology, molecular docking, database validation, and in vitro experimental validation effectively demonstrates that SDFE can promote cell apoptosis by regulating PI3K-AKT/MDM2-P53 signaling pathway, so as to treat NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baibai Ye
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Ping Chen
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Cheng Lin
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
| | - Chenning Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangyang No. 1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, 441100, China.
| | - Linfu Li
- Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China.
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2
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Wahman R, Moser S, Bieber S, Cruzeiro C, Schröder P, Gilg A, Lesske F, Letzel T. Untargeted Analysis of Lemna minor Metabolites: Workflow and Prioritization Strategy Comparing Highly Confident Features between Different Mass Spectrometers. Metabolites 2021; 11:832. [PMID: 34940590 PMCID: PMC8706044 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics approaches provide a vast array of analytical datasets, which require a comprehensive analytical, statistical, and biochemical workflow to reveal changes in metabolic profiles. The biological interpretation of mass spectrometric metabolomics results is still obstructed by the reliable identification of the metabolites as well as annotation and/or classification. In this work, the whole Lemna minor (common duckweed) was extracted using various solvents and analyzed utilizing polarity-extended liquid chromatography (reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC)-hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)) connected to two time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer types, individually. This study (introduces and) discusses three relevant topics for the untargeted workflow: (1) A comparison study of metabolome samples was performed with an untargeted data handling workflow in two different labs with two different mass spectrometers using the same plant material type. (2) A statistical procedure was observed prioritizing significant detected features (dependent and independent of the mass spectrometer using the predictive methodology Orthogonal Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA). (3) Relevant features were transferred to a prioritization tool (the FOR-IDENT platform (FI)) and were compared with the implemented compound database PLANT-IDENT (PI). This compound database is filled with relevant compounds of the Lemnaceae, Poaceae, Brassicaceae, and Nymphaceae families according to analytical criteria such as retention time (polarity and LogD (pH 7)) and accurate mass (empirical formula). Thus, an untargeted analysis was performed using the new tool as a prioritization and identification source for a hidden-target screening strategy. Consequently, forty-two compounds (amino acids, vitamins, flavonoids) could be recognized and subsequently validated in Lemna metabolic profile using reference standards. The class of flavonoids includes free aglycons and their glycosides. Further, according to our knowledge, the validated flavonoids robinetin and norwogonin were for the first time identified in the Lemna minor extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rofida Wahman
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, 85748 Garching, Germany;
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, 71526 Assiut, Egypt
| | - Stefan Moser
- Stefan Moser Process Optimization, Weberweg 3, 83131 Nußdorf am Inn, Germany;
| | - Stefan Bieber
- Analytisches Forschungsinstitut für Non-Target Screening GmbH (AFIN-TS), Am Mittleren Moos 48, 86167 Augsburg, Germany;
| | - Catarina Cruzeiro
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Centrum Munich, Ingolstädter Strasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (C.C.); (P.S.)
| | - Peter Schröder
- Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Centrum Munich, Ingolstädter Strasse 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany; (C.C.); (P.S.)
| | - August Gilg
- Departement of Bioengineering Sciences, Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences, Am Hofgarten 4, Weihenstephan, 85354 Freising, Germany; (A.G.); (F.L.)
| | - Frank Lesske
- Departement of Bioengineering Sciences, Weihenstephan-Triesdorf University of Applied Sciences, Am Hofgarten 4, Weihenstephan, 85354 Freising, Germany; (A.G.); (F.L.)
| | - Thomas Letzel
- Chair of Urban Water Systems Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Am Coulombwall 3, 85748 Garching, Germany;
- Analytisches Forschungsinstitut für Non-Target Screening GmbH (AFIN-TS), Am Mittleren Moos 48, 86167 Augsburg, Germany;
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3
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Mohamed GA, Ibrahim SRM, Al-Musayeib NM, Ross SA. New anti-inflammatory flavonoids from Cadaba glandulosa Forssk. Arch Pharm Res 2013; 37:459-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s12272-013-0305-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Quadri SS, Stratford RE, Boué SM, Cole RB. Screening and identification of glyceollins and their metabolites by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry with precursor ion scanning. Anal Chem 2013; 85:1727-33. [PMID: 23294002 PMCID: PMC3593975 DOI: 10.1021/ac3030398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A method has been developed for screening glyceollins and their metabolites based on precursor ion scanning. Under higher-energy collision conditions with the employment of a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in the negative ion mode, deprotonated glyceollin precursors yield a diagnostic radical product ion at m/z 148. We propose this resonance-stabilized radical anion, formed in violation of the even-electron rule, to be diagnostic of glyceollins and glyceollin metabolites. Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) established that scanning for precursors of m/z 148 can identify glyceollins and their metabolites from plasma samples originating from rats dosed with glyceollins. Precursor peaks of interest were found at m/z 337, 353, 355, 417, and 433. The peak at m/z 337 corresponds to deprotonated glyceollins, whereas the others represent metabolites of glyceollins. Accurate mass measurement confirmed m/z 417 to be a sulfated metabolite of glyceollins. The peak at m/z 433 is also sulfated, but it contains an additional oxygen, as confirmed by accurate mass measurement. The latter metabolite differs from the former likely by the replacement of a hydrogen with a hydroxyl moiety. The peaks at m/z 353 and 355 are proposed to correspond to hydroxylated metabolites of glyceollins, wherein the latter additionally undergoes a double bond reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syeda S Quadri
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Orleans, 2000 Lakeshore Drive, New Orleans, Louisiana 70148, United States
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5
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Identification of flavonoids and flavonoid rhamnosides from Rhododendron mucronulatum for. albiflorum and their inhibitory activities against aldose reductase. Food Chem 2013; 136:969-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.08.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kohls S, Scholz-Böttcher BM, Teske J, Zark P, Rullkötter J. Cardiac glycosides from Yellow Oleander (Thevetia peruviana) seeds. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2012; 75:114-27. [PMID: 22196940 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2011.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2011] [Revised: 11/25/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Thevetia cardiac glycosides can lead to intoxication, thus they are important indicators for forensic and pharmacologic surveys. Six thevetia cardiac glycosides, including two with unknown structures, were isolated from the seeds of the Yellow Oleander (Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Shum., Apocynaceae). LC-ESI⁺-MS(/MS) analysis under high-resolution conditions used as a qualitative survey of the primary glycosides did not lead to fragmentation of the aglycones. Acid hydrolysis of the polar and non-volatile thevetia glycosides under severe conditions yielded the aglycones of the thevetia glycosides and made them amenable to GC-MS analysis. Comparison of mass spectral fragmentation patterns of the aglycones, as well as high-resolution mass spectrometric and NMR data of four of the primary thevetia glycosides including the two unknowns, revealed the structures of the complete set of six thevetia glycosides. The identified compounds are termed thevetin C and acetylthevetin C and differ by an 18,20-oxido-20,22-dihydro functionality from thevetin B and acetylthevetin B, respectively. The absence of an unsaturated lactone ring renders the glycosides cardio-inactive. The procedures developed in this study and the sets of analytical data obtained will be useful for screening and structure assessment of other, particularly polar, cardiac glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kohls
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany.
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7
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Cole RB, Rannulu NS. Regioselective anion attachment leading to regiospecific decompositions of bifunctional steroids in negative ion electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:558-562. [PMID: 21259365 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
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8
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Di Donna L, De Luca G, Mazzotti F, Napoli A, Salerno R, Taverna D, Sindona G. Statin-like principles of bergamot fruit (Citrus bergamia): isolation of 3-hydroxymethylglutaryl flavonoid glycosides. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2009; 72:1352-1354. [PMID: 19572741 DOI: 10.1021/np900096w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl neohesperidosides of hesperetin (brutieridin, 1) and naringenin (melitidin, 2) were isolated and detected from the fruits of bergamot (Citrus bergamia). The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Di Donna
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Universita della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Arcavacata di Rende, Italy
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9
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Abstract
A new flavonol glycoside 7-O-methyl-kaempferol 4'-beta-D-galactopyranoside (rhamnocitrin 4'-beta-D-galactopyranoside) (1) was isolated from the aerial parts of Astragalus hamosus. The known flavonols hyperoside (2), isoquercitrin (3) and astragalin (4) were also identified. Structures of the compounds were elucidated by chemical and spectral methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilina Krasteva
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Sofia, Bulgaria.
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10
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Higashi T, Nakayama N, Shimada K, Kasai H, Nakazawa H. HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY-TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY OF CARDIAC STEROIDS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-100101801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Higashi
- a Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kanazawa University , 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa , 920-0934 , Japan
| | - N. Nakayama
- a Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kanazawa University , 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa , 920-0934 , Japan
| | - K. Shimada
- b Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kanazawa University , 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa , 920-0934 , Japan
| | - H. Kasai
- c Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hoshi University , 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo , 142-8501 , Japan
| | - H. Nakazawa
- c Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Hoshi University , 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo , 142-8501 , Japan
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11
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Bai Y, Song F, Chen M, Xing J, Liu Z, Liu S. Characterization of the Rutin-Metal Complex by Electrospray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry. ANAL SCI 2004; 20:1147-51. [PMID: 15352502 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20.1147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
According to the strong application background of bioflavonoid and metal-flavonoid complexes, novel electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MSn) was applied to investigate the structure and fragmentation mechanism of transition metal-rutin complexes. In the full-scan mass spectra, different stoichiometric ratios of rutin-metal complexes were found. In the reaction between rutin and Cu, four kinds of complexes with four different stoichiometric ratios were produced. In the reaction between rutin and Zn, Mn(II), and Fe(II), only two kind of complexes with stoichiometric ratios of 1:1 and 1:2 occured. In further tandem mass spectrometric experiments of different rutin-metal complexes, product fragments came from the neutral loss of the external rhamnose and the internal glucose unit, oligosaccharide chain, aglycone, and small organic molecules. According to the MSn data, we proposed a mechanism for all fragments of the rutin-Cu complex A and the structure of two rutin-Cu complexes, C and D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- Laboratory of New Drug Research and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, P R, China
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12
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Pikulski M, Brodbelt JS. Differentiation of flavonoid glycoside isomers by using metal complexation and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2003; 14:1437-1453. [PMID: 14652191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2003.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The elucidation of flavonoid isomers is accomplished by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) via formation and collisional activated dissociation (CAD) of metal/flavonoid complexes containing an auxiliary ligand. Addition of a metal salt and a suitable neutral auxiliary ligand to flavonoids in solution results in the formation of [M(II) (flavonoid-H) ligand]+ complexes by ESI which, upon collisional activated dissociation, often result in more distinctive fragmentation patterns than observed for conventional protonated or deprotonated flavonoids. Previously, 2,2'-bipyridine was used as an auxiliary ligand, and now we compare and explore the use of alternative pyridyl ligands, including 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline. Using this technique, three groups of flavonoid glycoside isomers are differentiated, including glycosides of apigenin, quercetin, and luteolin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pikulski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-0165, USA
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13
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Rauha JP, Vuorela H, Kostiainen R. Effect of eluent on the ionization efficiency of flavonoids by ion spray, atmospheric pressure chemical ionization, and atmospheric pressure photoionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2001; 36:1269-1280. [PMID: 11754118 DOI: 10.1002/jms.231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The effect of nine different eluent compositions on the ionization efficiency of five flavonoids was studied using ion spray (IS), atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), and the novel atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI), in positive and negative ion modes. The eluent composition had a great effect on the ionization efficiency, and the optimal ionization conditions were achieved in positive ion IS and APCI using 0.4% formic acid (pH 2.3) as a buffer, and in negative ion IS and APCI using ammonium acetate buffer adjusted to pH 4.0. For APPI work, the eluent of choice appeared to be a mixture of organic solvent and 5 mM aqueous ammonium acetate. The limits of detection (LODs) were determined in scan mode for the analytes by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry using IS, APCI and APPI interfaces. The results show that negative ion IS with an eluent system consisting of acidic ammonium acetate buffer provides the best conditions for detection of flavonoids in mass spectrometry mode, their LODs being between 0.8 and 13 microM for an injection volume of 20 microl.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Rauha
- Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmacognosy, PO Box 56, FIN-00014, University of Helsinki, Finland
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14
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Satterfield M, Brodbelt JS. Structural characterization of flavonoid glycosides by collisionally activated dissociation of metal complexes. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2001; 12:537-549. [PMID: 11349951 DOI: 10.1016/s1044-0305(01)00236-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Collisionally activated dissociation is used for structural characterization of a series of flavonoid glycosides. Dissociation of transition metal/flavonoid binary complexes of the type [MII(L - H+)]+ and transition metal/2,2'-bipyridine/flavonoid ternary complexes of the type [MII(L - H+)bpy]+ give fragmentation patterns that are complementary and more diagnostic than those of the protonated, deprotonated, or sodium-cationized flavonoids. Analysis of fragmentation patterns of the [MII(L - H+)bpy]- complexes permits determination of the disaccharide as a rutinose or neohesperidose and the relative placement of the disaccharide (i.e., 3 vs. 7 positions).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Satterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Austin, 78712, USA
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15
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Kuuranne T, Vahermo M, Leinonen A, Kostianen R. Electrospray and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometric behavior of eight anabolic steroid glucuronides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2000; 11:722-730. [PMID: 10937795 DOI: 10.1016/s1044-0305(00)00135-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometric and tandem mass spectrometric behavior of eight anabolic steroid glucuronides were examined using electrospray (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) in negative and positive ion mode. The objective was to elucidate the most suitable ionization method to produce intense structure specific product ions and to examine the possibilities of distinguishing between isomeric steroid glucuronides. The analytes were glucuronide conjugates of testosterone (TG), epitestosterone (ETG), nandrolone (NG), androsterone (AG), 5alpha-estran-3alpha-ol-17-one (5alpha-NG), 5beta-estran-3alpha-ol-17-one (5beta-NG), 17alpha-methyl-5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol (5alpha-MTG), and 17alpha-methyl-5beta-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol (5beta-MTG), the last four being new compounds synthesized with enzyme-assisted method in our laboratory. High proton affinity of the 4-ene-3-one system in the steroid structure favored the formation of protonated molecule [M + H]+ in positive ion mode mass spectrometry (MS), whereas the steroid glucuronides with lower proton affinities were detected mainly as ammonium adducts [M + NH4]+. The only ion produced in negative ion mode mass spectrometry was a very intense and stable deprotonated molecule [M - H]- . Positive ion ESI and APCI MS/MS spectra showed abundant and structure specific product ions [M + H - Glu]+, [M + H - Glu - H2O]+, and [M + H - Glu - 2H2O]+ of protonated molecules and corresponding ions of the ammonium adduct ions. The ratio of the relative abundances of these ions and the stability of the precursor ion provided distinction of 5alpha-NG and 5beta-NG isomers and TG and ETG isomers. Corresponding diagnostic ions were only minor peaks in negative ion MS/MS spectra. It was shown that positive ion ESI MS/MS is the most promising method for further development of LC-MS methods for anabolic steroid glucuronides.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kuuranne
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
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16
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Stobiecki M. Application of mass spectrometry for identification and structural studies of flavonoid glycosides. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2000; 54:237-256. [PMID: 10870178 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(00)00091-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry is an important tool for the identification and structural determination of flavonoid glycosides. The advantages of mass spectrometry are high sensitivity and possibilities of hyphenation with liquid chromatographic methods for the analysis of mixtures of compounds. Different desorption ionization methods allow the analysis of underivatized glycosides. A review of mass spectrometric techniques applied to the identification and structural studies of flavonoid glycosides is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Stobiecki
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
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17
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Abstract
Two new triglycosides, kaempferol-3-O-[(4-beta-D-apiofuranosyl)-alpha-L- rhamnopyranoside]-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside and kaempferol-3-O-[(4-beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside]-7-O- alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside were isolated from the methanol extract of Chenopodium murale, together with a known diglycoside, kaempferol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside. The characterization of the three compounds was achieved by various spectroscopic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Gohar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt
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18
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Costello CE. Application of tandem mass spectral approaches to structural determinations of saponins. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1996; 405:317-30. [PMID: 8910715 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-0413-5_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C E Costello
- Dept. of Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, MA 02118-2394, USA
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West PR, Waller GR, Geno PW, Oleszek W, Jurzysta M. Liquid secondary ion mass spectrometry and linked scanning at constant B/ELSIMS/MS for structure confirmation of saponins in Medicago sativa (alfalfa). ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1996; 405:339-52. [PMID: 8910717 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-0413-5_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P R West
- Department 418, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
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Li QM, Claeys M. Characterization and differentiation of diglycosyl flavonoids by positive ion fast atom bombardment and tandem mass spectrometry. BIOLOGICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY 1994; 23:406-16. [PMID: 8068736 DOI: 10.1002/bms.1200230705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This study shows that fast atom bombardment (FAB) in combination with collisional activation and tandem mass spectrometric techniques is useful for the characterization of, and the differentiation between, O-diglycosyl, O-C-diglycosyl and di-C-glycosyl flavonoids. A quick differentiation between the three types of glycosyl flavonoids is possible by simply examining FAB mass spectra. Low-energy product ion spectra of [M+H]+ ions have been used for determining the carbohydrate sequence in O-diglycosyl flavonoids and characterizing the terminal monosaccharide in O-C-diglycosyl flavonoids. The data obtained for per-O-deuterated precursor ion species of O-diglycosyl flavonoids indicate that O-linked hydrogen atoms are involved in the formation of Yn+ ions. High-energy product ion spectra of [M+H]+ ions enable further characterization and differentiation of isomeric di-6,8-C-glycosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q M Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, UIA, Belgium
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21
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Manso Pajarron A, De Koster CG, Heerma W, Schmidt M, Haverkamp J. Structure identification of natural rhamnolipid mixtures by fast atom bombardment tandem mass spectrometry. Glycoconj J 1993; 10:219-26. [PMID: 8257850 DOI: 10.1007/bf00702203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Two rhamnobiose-lipid preparations have been studied by fast atom bombardment (FAB) tandem mass spectrometry. The principal rhamnobiose-lipids contain the beta-hydroxydecanoyl-beta-hydroxydecanoate Rha-Rha-C10-C10 and the beta-hydroxytetradecanoyl-beta-hydroxytetradecanoate Rha-Rha-C14-C14. Both preparations contain minor components which are heterogenous in beta-hydroxy fatty acid composition. FAB ionization of rhamnobiose-lipids in the presence of Na+ shows the formation of both [M + Na]+, [M +2Na-H]+, [M + 3Na-2H]+ and [M - H]- ions. Tandem mass spectrometry of the [M + 2Na-H]+ and [M - H]- ions give information about the sequence of the building blocks. Particularly, heterogeneity in beta-hydroxy fatty acid composition is determined for the principal components and all the minor components present in the preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Manso Pajarron
- Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Department of Mass Spectrometry, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
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22
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Lee MS, Hook DJ, Kerns EH, Volk KJ, Rosenberg IE. Rapid screening of fermentation broths for flavones using tandem mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/bms.1200220111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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Shida Y, Deterding L, O'Hara K, Kono M, Tamer K. Macrolide antibiotic structure determination by fast atom bombardment/ tandem mas, spectrometry. Tetrahedron 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(93)80009-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Yoon E, Laine RA. Linkage position determination in a novel set of permethylated neutral trisaccharides by collisional-induced dissociation and tandem mass spectrometry. BIOLOGICAL MASS SPECTROMETRY 1992; 21:479-85. [PMID: 1420370 DOI: 10.1002/bms.1200211003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A set of neutral permethylated trisaccharides identical in the non-reducing (A----B) disaccharide and linkage isomeric in the reducing terminal (B----C) disaccharide has been synthesized. Collision-activated tandem mass spectrometry was used for analysis of the B----C linkage position. The trisaccharides, gal(beta 1----4)glc(beta 1----X)glc, where X = 3, 4 and 6, were synthesized and examined using fast atom bombardment collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry. Results were rationalized using molecular modeling. We have previously reported results for determination of the A----B linkage position with isomeric sets of synthetic trisaccharides containing internal amino sugars. The neutral trisaccharides were synthesized to isolate electronic effects of the amino group. An approach of relating daughter ion to parent ion ratios and collision energy offset was used to generate slopes that predict linkage position in glc beta 1----X glc reducing end glycoside form of terminal trisaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
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25
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Parker CE, Perkins JR, Tomer KB, Shida Y, O'Hara K, Kono M. Application of nanoscale packed capillary liquid chromatography (75 μm id) and capillary zone electrophoresis/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry to the analysis of macrolide antibiotics. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 1992; 3:563-574. [PMID: 24234500 DOI: 10.1016/1044-0305(92)85034-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/1991] [Revised: 11/26/1991] [Accepted: 12/03/1991] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale separation techniques, nanoscale packed capillary columns (75 μm id), and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), on-line with electrospray mass spectrometry (ESI/MS), were applied to the separation of a series of ten macrolide antibiotics. Both techniques use sub-microliter-per-minute flow rates through the analytical column and therefore require an electrospray probe that incorporates coaxial sheath flow. Positive ion electrospray mass spectra of these compounds yielded mainly protonated molecules. Fragmentation to yield structurally significant fragment ions was achieved by collision-induced dissociation (CID) at increased skimmer voltages. Separations were achieved using both techniques, with CZE/ESI/MS showing improved peak shapes and detection limits combined with faster analysis times. Nanoscale packed capillary columns provided better chromatographic resolution and was less susceptible to peak broadening caused by overloading of the analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C E Parker
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 27709, Research Triangle Park, NC
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26
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Debrauwer L, Paris A, Rao D, Fournier F, Tabet JC. Mass spectrometric studies on 17β-estradiol-17-fatty acid esters: Evidence for the formation of anion-dipole intermediates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/oms.1210270612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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27
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Li QM, Van den Heuvel H, Dillen L, Claeys M. Differentiation of 6-C- and 8-C-glycosidic flavonoids by positive ion fast atom bombardment and tandem mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1002/bms.1200210406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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28
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Barber GA, Behrman EJ. The synthesis and characterization of uridine 5'-(beta-L-rhamnopyranosyl diphosphate) and its role in the enzymic synthesis of rutin. Arch Biochem Biophys 1991; 288:239-42. [PMID: 1898019 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(91)90190-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Uridine 5'-(beta-L-rhamnopyranosyl diphosphate) was synthesized by the condensation of uridine 5'-diphenylpyrophosphate and beta-L-rhamnopyranosyl phosphate. That sugar 1-phosphate was made via the phosphitylation of the hemiacetal hydroxyl group of 2,3,4-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-L-rhamnopyranose. An enzyme preparation from the primary leaves of mung bean (Phaseolus aureus) was shown to catalyze the transfer of L-rhamnose from UDP-beta-L-rhamnose to the flavonol D-glucoside isoquercitrin to form rutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Barber
- Department of Biochemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus 43210
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29
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Li QM, van den Heuvel H, Delorenzo O, Corthout J, Pieters LA, Vlietinck AJ, Claeys M. Mass spectral characterization of C-glycosidic flavonoids isolated from a medicinal plant (Passiflora incarnata). JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1991; 562:435-46. [PMID: 2026709 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(91)80597-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The four major C-glycosidic flavonoids isolated from Passiflora incarnata were identified as schaftoside, isoschaftoside, isovetexin-2''-O-glucopyranoside and isoorientin-2''-O-glucopyranoside on the basis of mass spectral and 13C NMR data. The daughter ion spectra of [M + H]+ ions of schaftoside and isoschaftoside showed differences for the [M + H - 104]+ ions, which could be rationalized by hydrogen bonding effects. In the negative-ion mode, pronounced differences were found for the [M - H - 90]- and [M - H - 120]- ions, formed by prevalent fragmentation in the C-6-linked sugar moiety. With respect to isovitexin-2''-O-beta-glucopyranoside and isoorientin-2''-O-beta-glucopyranoside, the daughter ion spectra of both the [M + H]+ and [M - H]- ions provided evidence for a 1----2 linkage in the diglucosidic moiety. Support for C-6 glucosylation was obtained by recording the daughter ion spectra of [M - H - 162]- ions, which were in good agreement with that obtained for [M - H]- ions of isovitexin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q M Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp (U.I.A.), Wilrijk-Antwerp, Belgium
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30
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Light KJ, Allison J. Mechanistic considerations of the protonation and fragmentation of highly functionalized molecules in fast atom bombardment: High resolution mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry analysis of the ions formed by fast atom bombardment of digoxin and related cardiac glycosides. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 1990; 1:455-472. [PMID: 24248980 DOI: 10.1016/1044-0305(90)85029-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/1990] [Accepted: 05/10/1990] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
High resolution mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry analyses of the major ions of digoxin formed by fast atom bombardment are presented and discussed to investigate the mechanisms through which fragment ions are formed. Similar cardiac glycosides are also analyzed to provide support for the proposed fragment assignments. Remote site fragmentation with the charge localized on the aglycone portion of the molecule may provide an explanation for the fragment ions observed in these studies because the majority of these ions contain the aglycone portion of the molecule. The results obtained parallel previously reported results from an ammonia chemical ionization mass spectral study of cardiac glycosides. (J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 1990, 1, 455-472).
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Affiliation(s)
- K J Light
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 48824, East Lansing, MI, USA
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31
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Tuinman AA, Pettit GR. Analysis of the amino acid sequence of peptides by mass spectrometry. An ion notation proposal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEPTIDE AND PROTEIN RESEARCH 1990; 36:331-4. [PMID: 2079388 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3011.1990.tb01290.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A new nomenclature is proposed that allows a precise and concise description of mass spectrometric fragments derived from peptides. The nomenclature differs from existing methods by specifically accommodating (1) extended or unusual amino acid residues, (2) cyclic- and cyclodepsipeptides, and (3) residues contained in branches of the main chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Tuinman
- Cancer Research Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe
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32
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Domon B, Müller D, Richter W. Determination of interglycosidic linkages in disaccharides by high performance tandem mass spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1176(90)85080-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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33
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Fournier F, Salles C, Tabet J, Debrauwer L, Rao D, Paris A, Borie G. Tandem mass spectrometric investigation on 17β-estradiol palmitate in negative ion chemical ionization. Anal Chim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)83656-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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34
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Gillece-Castro BL, Burlingame AL. Oligosaccharide characterization with high-energy collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry. Methods Enzymol 1990; 193:689-712. [PMID: 2074842 DOI: 10.1016/0076-6879(90)93445-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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35
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A new glycosylated flavonoid, 7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-4′-O-rutinosylapigenin, in the exudate from germinating seeds of sesbania rostrata. Carbohydr Res 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/0008-6215(89)84038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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36
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Becchi M, Fraisse D. Fast atom bombardment and fast atom bombardment collision-activated dissociation/mass-analysed ion kinetic energy analysis ofC-glycosidic flavonoids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/bms.1200180207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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37
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Dass C, Seshadri R, Israel M, Desiderio DM. Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometric analysis of anthracyclines and anthracyclinones. BIOMEDICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL MASS SPECTROMETRY 1988; 17:37-45. [PMID: 3203147 DOI: 10.1002/bms.1200170109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
A mass spectral characterization of a set of anthracyclines and anthracyclinones comprised of daunorubicin, adriamycin and their modified analogs was carried out by using negative and positive fast atom bombardment (FAB) ionization techniques. Addition of more than one hydrogen to the molecular ions of the anthracyclines was observed. The choice of the FAB matrix played an important role in the characterization of these compounds. The dominant ions in the molecular ion region were M-. (or M+.) and MH- (or MH+.2) when sulfolane and glycerol, respectively, were employed as the FAB solvents. The major fragmentation was cleavage of the glycosidic bond with the charge retention mainly on the aglycone moiety. Aromatization of the tetracyclic ring promoted further fragmentation of the aglycone moiety. The anthracyclinones could be characterized only by negative FAB ionization using sulfolane as the FAB matrix. The assigned fragmentation pathways were confirmed by acquiring metastable ion spectra using B/E linked-field scans.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Dass
- University of Tennessee, Charles B. Stout Neuroscience Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Memphis 38163
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38
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Shomo RE, Chandrasekaran A, Marshall AG, Reuning RH, Robertson LW. Laser desorption/fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry: digoxin, digitoxin, and their reduced and sugar-hydrolyzed metabolites. BIOMEDICAL & ENVIRONMENTAL MASS SPECTROMETRY 1988; 15:295-302. [PMID: 3365499 DOI: 10.1002/bms.1200150510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectra of digoxin and digitoxin (the most widely prescribed drugs for treatment of congestive heart failure) and a complete set of their 14 dihydro- and sugar-hydrolyzed metabolites have been obtained via laser desorption/ionization with a Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance (LD/FT/ICR) mass spectrometer. The most intense peak is typically the pseudomolecular [M + K]+ ion, but fragment ions corresponding to loss of 1-3 sugars and hydroxyls are also observed. LD/FT/ICR mass spectra for all 16 compounds were produced with a single set of sample and spectrometer parameters. No matrix peaks are present. Finally, LD/FT/ICR provides dynamic mass accuracy within approximately 5 ppm throughout a mass range of 404 less than m/z less than 819.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E Shomo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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39
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A systematic nomenclature for carbohydrate fragmentations in FAB-MS/MS spectra of glycoconjugates. Glycoconj J 1988. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01049915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2225] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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