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Cherry AD, Piantadosi CA. Regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and its intersection with inflammatory responses. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 22:965-76. [PMID: 25556935 PMCID: PMC4390030 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.6200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Mitochondria play a vital role in cellular homeostasis and are susceptible to damage from inflammatory mediators released by the host defense. Cellular recovery depends, in part, on mitochondrial quality control programs, including mitochondrial biogenesis. RECENT ADVANCES Early-phase inflammatory mediator proteins interact with PRRs to activate NF-κB-, MAPK-, and PKB/Akt-dependent pathways, resulting in increased expression or activity of coactivators and transcription factors (e.g., PGC-1α, NRF-1, NRF-2, and Nfe2l2) that regulate mitochondrial biogenesis. Inflammatory upregulation of NOS2-induced NO causes mitochondrial dysfunction, but NO is also a signaling molecule upregulating mitochondrial biogenesis via PGC-1α, participating in Nfe2l2-mediated antioxidant gene expression and modulating inflammation. NO and reactive oxygen species generated by the host inflammatory response induce the redox-sensitive HO-1/CO system, causing simultaneous induction of mitochondrial biogenesis and antioxidant gene expression. CRITICAL ISSUES Recent evidence suggests that mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy are coupled through redox pathways; for instance, parkin, which regulates mitophagy in chronic inflammation, may also modulate mitochondrial biogenesis and is upregulated through NF-κB. Further research on parkin in acute inflammation is ongoing. This highlights certain common features of the host response to acute and chronic inflammation, but caution is warranted in extrapolating findings across inflammatory conditions. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Inflammatory mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress initiate further inflammatory responses through DAMP/PRR interactions and by inflammasome activation, stimulating mitophagy. A deeper understanding of mitochondrial quality control programs' impact on intracellular inflammatory signaling will improve our approach to the restoration of mitochondrial homeostasis in the resolution of acute inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne D Cherry
- 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center , Durham, North Carolina
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Abstract
This study examines the potential of Bordetella bronchiseptica to act as a human pathogen. After encountering two patients from whom B. bronchiseptica was isolated, we searched the literature and found 23 reports in which a human infection was reported in association with B. bronchiseptica. As a basis for evaluating these cases, we summarize the literature about the current microbiological status of B. bronchiseptica, the pathology and pathogenic mechanisms associated with the microorganism, and the likelihood of it acting as a commensal or colonizer. From this review we conclude that B. bronchiseptica has been rarely isolated from humans despite their considerable exposure to animal sources. Evidence suggests that B. bronchiseptica may be rarely encountered as a commensal or colonizer of the respiratory tract of humans and rarely in association with infection. When found as a probable pathogen, most infections have been respiratory tract in origin and have occurred in severely compromised hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F Woolfrey
- Department of Pathology, St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center, Minnesota 55101
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bereiter-Hahn
- Cinematic Cell Research Group, Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main, Federal Republic of Germany
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Agrawal KP, Mehta D, Gupta S, Chhabra SK. Metabolic basis for asthma and rhinitis: an integrated approach. Lung 1986; 164:279-91. [PMID: 2431232 DOI: 10.1007/bf02713652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Shimahara Y, Ozawa K, Ida T, Ukikusa M, Tobe T. Role of mitochondrial enhancement in maintaining hepatic energy charge level in endotoxin shock. J Surg Res 1982; 33:314-23. [PMID: 6214669 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4804(82)90044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Conde G, Garcia-Barreno P, Municio AM, Suarez A. In vitro and in vivo effect of Escherichia coli endotoxin on mitochondrial phospholipase A2 activity. FEBS Lett 1981; 127:115-20. [PMID: 6788599 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(81)80355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Morrison DC, Rudbach JA. Endotoxin-cell-membrane interactions leading to transmembrane signaling. CONTEMPORARY TOPICS IN MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY 1981; 8:187-218. [PMID: 7018829 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-3917-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Yoshino M. Effect of Shigella flexneri endotoxin on ureagenesis and liver ultrastructure in rabbits. Exp Mol Pathol 1980; 32:253-63. [PMID: 6991279 DOI: 10.1016/0014-4800(80)90059-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Conde G, Garcia-Barreno P, Suarez A. Arachidonate release from rat liver mitochondria in endotoxin shock. FEBS Lett 1980; 112:89-91. [PMID: 6245931 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(80)80135-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Wakabayashi T, Asano M, Kurono C, Kishimoto H. ZONATION OF THE ADRENAL CORTEX. Pathol Int 1976. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1976.tb00502.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wakabayashi T, Asano M, Kurono C, Ozawa T, Kishimoto H. Zonation of the adrenal cortex. II. Effect of BSA on coupling efficiency of mitochondria isolated from the zona glomerulosa of the bovine adrenal cortex. ACTA PATHOLOGICA JAPONICA 1976; 26:457-66. [PMID: 983708 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1976.tb00503.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Effect of bovine serum albumin on coupling efficiency of mitochondria isolated from the zona glomerulosa of the bovine adrenal cortex in various media was examined polarographically and electron microscopically. Albumin restored the coupling efficiency of mitochondria isolated from the zona glomerulosa regardless of isolation media when succinate or malate was oxidizable substrate. Respiratory controls greater than 5 were obtained. Albumin, however, had no effect when glutamate, beta-hydroxybutylate and pyruvate were the oxidizable substrates. The conditions have been found under which mitochondria of the zona glomerulosa stay in the orthodox configuration and yet coupled.
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Asano M, Kurono C, Wakabayashi T, Kimura H. Stabilization of configurational states and enzyme activities in subcellular fractions after fixation with extremely low concentrations of glutaraldehyde. THE HISTOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 1976; 8:113-20. [PMID: 178635 DOI: 10.1007/bf01007163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The activities of various enzymes in some subcellular organelle fractions were examined after fixation in glutaraldehyde of various concentrations. A high speed centrifuge was used to shorten the fixation time. At the lowest concentration (0.01%) glutaraldehyde stabilized instable configurational states of mitochondria as revealed by electron microscopy. In addition, at this concentration, at least 70% of the original monoamine oxidase, ATPase and cytochrome oxidase activities were preserved. The activity of acid phosphatase, on the other hand, was enhanced in a lysosomal fraction when fixed with the aldehyde at higher concentrations, e.g. 0.1% and 1.0%. It is possible that the aldehyde at higher concentrations has the same effects on the lysosomal membrane as freeze-thawing. Glucose-6-phosphatase activity was well-preserved in a microsomal fraction fixed with 0.01% glutaraldehyde but was decreased drastically when the concentration of the aldehyde was greater than 0.05%.
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Wakabayashi T, Kurono C, Asano M. Steroidogenesis in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal coretx. I. Isolation and some properties of mitochondria from the zona glomerulosa of the bovine adrenal cortex. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1976; 8:27-53. [PMID: 956163 DOI: 10.1007/bf01559388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Isolation procedures for mitochondria from the zona glomerulosa of the bovine adrenal cortex are described and the properties of the mitochondria thus prepared are compared with those isolated from the zona fasciculoreticularis. The cristal membranes of mitochondria in the zona glomerulosa in situ are tubular or tubulovesicular, whereas those of mitochondria in the zona fasciculoreticularis in situ are vesicular. When mitochondria are isolated from the former zone, they invariably showed the condensed configuration regardless of isolation media, whereas those isolated from the latter zone in an ST medium showed the orthodox configuration. When Ca2+ was added to mitochondria isolated either from the zona glomerulosa or the zona fasciculoreticularis in an STE medium in the condensed configuration, a transition from the condensed to the orthodox configuration tool place; the cristal membranes of mitochondria from the zona glomerulosa became tubular or tubulovesicular and those of mitochondria from the zona fasciculoreticularis became vesicular. Contaminations of mitrochondria of the zona glomerulosa with other cellular organelles were examined using various marker enzymes. There was no difference in cytochrome content between mitochondria of the two zones specified above. The coupling efficiency of mitochondria of the zona glomerulosa was found to be remarkably effected by temperature during the isolation procedures. Effects of various substrates, isolation media, and bovine serum albumin on the coupling efficiency of mitochondria of the zona glomerulosa are also described.
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Southard JH, Green DE. Control of the energy coupling modes in mitochondria by mercurials. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1974; 61:1310-6. [PMID: 4477015 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(74)80427-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Daniel AM, Beaudoin JG. Evaluation of ischemic damage to rat liver mitochondria using the Krebs-cycle. J Surg Res 1974; 17:204-9. [PMID: 4413310 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4804(74)90109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Green DE, Ji S, Brucker RF. Structure-function unitization model of biological membranes. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1973; 4:253-84. [PMID: 4352180 DOI: 10.1007/bf01516061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Vail WJ, Riley RK, Williams CH. The morphology and configurational states of isolated heavy beef heart mitochondria by the freeze fracture technique. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1972; 3:467-79. [PMID: 4675489 DOI: 10.1007/bf01539056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of a number of gram-negative bacteria affected mitochondrial respiration and phosphorylation when it was preincubated with the mitochondrial suspension. The structural part responsible for this activity of LPS is the lipid moiety (lipid A), because the lipid A prepared from either the LPS of Escherichia coli or the endotoxic glycolipid of a heptose-less mutant (R595) of Salmonella minnesota affected mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation as did LPS, whereas the polysaccharide moiety was inactive. Preincubation of the mitochondrial suspension with lipid A resulted in (i) inhibition of respiration and accompanying phosphorylation in the presence of either succinate or a number of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-linked substrates, (ii) decrease of respiratory control, (iii) inhibition of the transfer of electrons at coupling site II without decrease of efficiency of phosphorylation, and the uncoupling at coupling site III, and (iv) stimulation of adenosine triphosphatase and the inhibition of 2,4-dinitrophenol-induced adenosine triphosphatase.
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Addink AD, Boer P, Wakabayashi T, Green DE. Enzyme localization in beef-heart mitochondria. A biochemical and electron-microscopic study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1972; 29:47-59. [PMID: 4343300 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1972.tb01955.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Evidence for a bilayer structure in gram-negative lipopolysaccharide: relationship to toxicity. Infect Immun 1971; 4:167-72. [PMID: 4949485 PMCID: PMC416282 DOI: 10.1128/iai.4.2.167-172.1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Additional evidence for a bilayer structure in isolated gram-negative lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is demonstrated. Both heating in an electron beam and cleavage of ester-bound fatty acids by alkali were found to split the bilayer structure of LPS into apparent monolayers. The altered structure of LPS resulting from alkaline hydrolysis may explain some of the altered biological activities possessed by the hydrolyzed product.
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Harris RA, Munroe J, Farmer B, Kim KC, Jenkins P. Action of halothane upon mitochondrial respiration. Arch Biochem Biophys 1971; 142:435-44. [PMID: 4396285 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(71)90507-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Schumer W, Erve P, Kapica SK, Moss GS. Endotoxin effect on respiration of rat liver mitochondria. J Surg Res 1970; 10:609-12. [PMID: 4924213 DOI: 10.1016/0022-4804(70)90089-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Kato M. Site II-specific inhibition of mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation by trehalose-6,6'-dimycolate (cord factor) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Arch Biochem Biophys 1970; 140:379-90. [PMID: 4319595 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(70)90079-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Allmann DW, Munroe J, Wakabayashi T, Green DE. Studies on the transition of the cristal membrane from the orthodox to the aggregated configuration. 3. Loss of coupling ability of adrenal cortex mitochondria in the orthodox configuration. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1970; 1:331-53. [PMID: 5527911 DOI: 10.1007/bf01654572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Williams CH, Vail WJ, Harris RA, Caldwell M, Green DE, Valdivia E. Conformational basis of energy transduction in membrane systems. 8. Configurational changes of mitochondria in situ and in vitro. JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS 1970; 1:147-80. [PMID: 5527909 DOI: 10.1007/bf01515979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- D E. Green
- Institute for Enzyme Research, University of Wisconsin, 53706, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Harris RA, Williams CH, Caldwell M, Green DE, Valdivia E. Energized configurations of heart mitochondria in situ. Science 1969; 165:700-3. [PMID: 4893638 DOI: 10.1126/science.165.3894.700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the configurational state of the cristal membranes of rat heart mitochondria within the living cell can be induced by imposing energizing conditions. An exact correlation has been established between the configurational states of the cristal membrane and the energy states of the mitochondrion. The configurational changes observed in mitochondria in situ are comparable to those established for beef heart mitochondria in vitro and are consistent with the postulate of the conformational basis of energy transductions in membrane systems. The formation of paracrystalline arrays is one of the noteworthy features of configurational changes of mitochondria in situ.
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Harris RA, Asbell MA, Asai J, Jolly WW, Green DE. The conformational basis of energy transduction in membrane systems. V. Measurement of configurational changes by light scattering. Arch Biochem Biophys 1969; 132:545-60. [PMID: 5797339 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(69)90397-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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