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Govindjee G, Amesz B, Garab G, Stirbet A. Remembering Jan Amesz (1934-2001): a great gentleman, a major discoverer, and an internationally renowned biophysicist of both oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis a. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024; 160:125-142. [PMID: 38687462 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01102-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
We present here the research contributions of Jan Amesz (1934-2001) on deciphering the details of the early physico-chemical steps in oxygenic photosynthesis in plants, algae and cyanobacteria, as well as in anoxygenic photosynthesis in purple, green, and heliobacteria. His research included light absorption and the mechanism of excitation energy transfer, primary photochemistry, and electron transfer steps until the reduction of pyridine nucleotides. Among his many discoveries, we emphasize his 1961 proof, with L. N. M. Duysens, of the "series scheme" of oxygenic photosynthesis, through antagonistic effects of Light I and II on the redox state of cytochrome f. Further, we highlight the following research on oxygenic photosynthesis: the experimental direct proof that plastoquinone and plastocyanin function at their respective places in the Z-scheme. In addition, Amesz's major contributions were in unraveling the mechanism of excitation energy transfer and electron transport steps in anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (purple, green and heliobacteria). Before we present his research, focusing on his key discoveries, we provide a glimpse of his personal life. We end this Tribute with reminiscences from three of his former doctoral students (Sigi Neerken; Hjalmar Pernentier, and Frank Kleinherenbrink) and from several scientists (Suleyman Allakhverdiev; Robert Blankenship; Richard Cogdell) including two of the authors (G. Garab and A. Stirbet) of this Tribute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindjee Govindjee
- Department of Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, and the Center of Biophysics & Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
| | - Bas Amesz
- Albertus Perkstraat 35, 1217 NL, Hilversum, The Netherlands
| | - Győző Garab
- Biological Research Centre, Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, 71000, Ostrava, Czech Republic
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Wilson S, Li DH, Ruban AV. The Structural and Spectral Features of Light-Harvesting Complex II Proteoliposomes Mimic Those of Native Thylakoid Membranes. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:5683-5691. [PMID: 35709359 PMCID: PMC9237827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The major photosystem II light-harvesting antenna (LHCII) is the most abundant membrane protein in nature and plays an indispensable role in light harvesting and photoprotection in the plant thylakoid. Here, we show that "pseudothylakoid characteristics" can be observed in artificial LHCII membranes. In our proteoliposomal system, at high LHCII densities, the liposomes become stacked, mimicking the in vivo thylakoid grana membranes. Furthermore, an unexpected, unstructured emission peak at ∼730 nm appears, similar in appearance to photosystem I emission, but with a clear excimeric character that has never been previously reported. These states correlate with the increasing density of LHCII in the membrane and a decrease in its average fluorescence lifetime. The appearance of these low-energy states can also occur in natural plant membrane structures, which has unique consequences for the interpretation of the spectroscopic and physiological properties of the photosynthetic membrane.
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Shumbe L, D'Alessandro S, Shao N, Chevalier A, Ksas B, Bock R, Havaux M. METHYLENE BLUE SENSITIVITY 1 (MBS1) is required for acclimation of Arabidopsis to singlet oxygen and acts downstream of β-cyclocitral. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:216-226. [PMID: 27813110 DOI: 10.1111/pce.12856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) signalling in plants is essential to trigger both acclimatory mechanisms and programmed cell death under high light stress. However, because of its chemical features, 1 O2 requires mediators, and the players involved in this pathway are largely unknown. The β-carotene oxidation product, β-cyclocitral, is one such mediator. Produced in the chloroplast, β-cyclocitral induces changes in nuclear gene expression leading to photoacclimation. Recently, the METHYLENE BLUE SENSITIVITY protein MBS has been identified as a key player in 1 O2 signalling leading to tolerance to high light. Here, we provide evidence that MBS1 is essential for acclimation to 1 O2 and cross-talks with β-cyclocitral to mediate transfer of the 1 O2 signal to the nucleus, leading to photoacclimation. The presented results position MBS1 downstream of β-cyclocitral in 1 O2 signalling and suggest an additional role for MBS1 in the regulation of plant growth and development under chronic 1 O2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Shumbe
- CEA Cadarache, CNRS UMR 7265, Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, F-13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Stefano D'Alessandro
- CEA Cadarache, CNRS UMR 7265, Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, F-13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Ning Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Anne Chevalier
- CEA Cadarache, CNRS UMR 7265, Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, F-13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Brigitte Ksas
- CEA Cadarache, CNRS UMR 7265, Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, F-13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Ralph Bock
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Michel Havaux
- CEA Cadarache, CNRS UMR 7265, Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, F-13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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Lamb J, Forfang K, Hohmann-Marriott M. A Practical Solution for 77 K Fluorescence Measurements Based on LED Excitation and CCD Array Detector. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132258. [PMID: 26177548 PMCID: PMC4503352 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The fluorescence emission spectrum of photosynthetic microorganisms at liquid nitrogen temperature (77 K) provides important insights into the organization of the photosynthetic machinery of bacteria and eukaryotes, which cannot be observed at room temperature. Conventionally, to obtain such spectra, a large and costly table-top fluorometer is required. Recently portable, reliable, and largely maintenance-free instruments have become available that can be utilized to accomplish a wide variety of spectroscopy-based measurements in photosynthesis research. In this report, we show how to build such an instrument in order to record 77K fluorescence spectra. This instrument consists of a low power monochromatic light-emitting diode (LED), and a portable CCD array based spectrometer. The optical components are coupled together using a fiber optic cable, and a custom made housing that also supports a dewar flask. We demonstrate that this instrument facilitates the reliable determination of chlorophyll fluorescence emission spectra for the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, and the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Lamb
- Department of Biotechnology & PhotoSynLab, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kristin Forfang
- Department of Biotechnology & PhotoSynLab, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Martin Hohmann-Marriott
- Department of Biotechnology & PhotoSynLab, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- * E-mail:
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Kalaji HM, Schansker G, Ladle RJ, Goltsev V, Bosa K, Allakhverdiev SI, Brestic M, Bussotti F, Calatayud A, Dąbrowski P, Elsheery NI, Ferroni L, Guidi L, Hogewoning SW, Jajoo A, Misra AN, Nebauer SG, Pancaldi S, Penella C, Poli D, Pollastrini M, Romanowska-Duda ZB, Rutkowska B, Serôdio J, Suresh K, Szulc W, Tambussi E, Yanniccari M, Zivcak M. Frequently asked questions about in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence: practical issues. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2014; 122:121-58. [PMID: 25119687 PMCID: PMC4210649 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-014-0024-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this educational review is to provide practical information on the hardware, methodology, and the hands on application of chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence technology. We present the paper in a question and answer format like frequently asked questions. Although nearly all information on the application of Chl a fluorescence can be found in the literature, it is not always easily accessible. This paper is primarily aimed at scientists who have some experience with the application of Chl a fluorescence but are still in the process of discovering what it all means and how it can be used. Topics discussed are (among other things) the kind of information that can be obtained using different fluorescence techniques, the interpretation of Chl a fluorescence signals, specific applications of these techniques, and practical advice on different subjects, such as on the length of dark adaptation before measurement of the Chl a fluorescence transient. The paper also provides the physiological background for some of the applied procedures. It also serves as a source of reference for experienced scientists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gert Schansker
- Avenue des Amazones 2, 1226 Chêne-Bougeries, Switzerland
| | - Richard J. Ladle
- Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Alagoas, Praça Afrânio Jorge, s/n, Prado, Maceió, AL Brazil
| | - Vasilij Goltsev
- Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology, Faculty of Biology, St. Kliment Ohridski University of Sofia, 8 Dr. Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Karolina Bosa
- Department of Pomology, Faculty of Horticulture, Biotechnology and Landscape Architecture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev
- Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Botanicheskaya Street 35, Moscow, 127276 Russia
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290 Russia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak Agricultural University, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
| | - Filippo Bussotti
- Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Science (DISPAA), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | - Angeles Calatayud
- Departamento de Horticultura, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Ctra. Moncada-Náquera Km 4.5, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | - Piotr Dąbrowski
- Department of Environmental Improvement, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nabil I. Elsheery
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Lorenzo Ferroni
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d’Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Lucia Guidi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Anjana Jajoo
- School of Life Sciences, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, 452 001 M.P India
| | - Amarendra N. Misra
- Centre for Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ratu-Lohardaga Road, Ranchi, 835205 India
| | - Sergio G. Nebauer
- Departamento de Producción vegetal, Universitat Politècnica de València, C de Vera sn, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Simonetta Pancaldi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Ferrara, Corso Ercole I d’Este 32, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Consuelo Penella
- Departamento de Horticultura, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Ctra. Moncada-Náquera Km 4.5, Moncada, 46113 Valencia, Spain
| | - DorothyBelle Poli
- Department of Biology, Roanoke College, 221 College Lane, Salem, VA 24153 USA
| | - Martina Pollastrini
- Department of Agri-Food Production and Environmental Science (DISPAA), University of Florence, Piazzale delle Cascine 28, 50144 Florence, Italy
| | | | - Beata Rutkowska
- Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - João Serôdio
- Departamento de Biologia, CESAM – Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Kancherla Suresh
- Directorate of Oil Palm Research, West Godavari Dt., Pedavegi, 534 450 Andhra Pradesh India
| | - Wiesław Szulc
- Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Eduardo Tambussi
- Institute of Plant Physiology, INFIVE (Universidad Nacional de La Plata – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Diagonal 113 N°495, 327 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Marcos Yanniccari
- Institute of Plant Physiology, INFIVE (Universidad Nacional de La Plata – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas), Diagonal 113 N°495, 327 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Marek Zivcak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak Agricultural University, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic
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Swarthoff T, Amesz J, Kramer HJM, Rugersberg CP. The Reaction Center and Antenna Pigments of Green Photosynthetic Bacteria. Isr J Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.198100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Maria Gylle A, Rantamäki S, Ekelund NGA, Tyystjärvi E. FLUORESCENCE EMISSION SPECTRA OF MARINE AND BRACKISH-WATER ECOTYPES OF FUCUS VESICULOSUS AND FUCUS RADICANS (PHAEOPHYCEAE) REVEAL DIFFERENCES IN LIGHT-HARVESTING APPARATUS(1). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2011; 47:98-105. [PMID: 27021714 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2010.00928.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Bothnian Sea in the northerly part of the Baltic Sea is a geologically recent brackish-water environment, and rapid speciation is occurring in the algal community of the Bothnian Sea. We measured low-temperature fluorescence emission spectra from the Bothnian Sea and the Norwegian Sea ecotypes of Fucus vesiculosus L., a marine macroalga widespread in the Bothnian Sea. Powdered, frozen thallus was used to obtain undistorted emission spectra. The spectra were compared with spectra measured from the newly identified species Fucus radicans Bergström et L. Kautsky, which is a close relative of F. vesiculosus and endemic to the Bothnian Sea. The spectrum of variable fluorescence was used to identify fluorescence peaks originating in PSI and PSII in this chl c-containing alga. The spectra revealed much higher PSII emission, compared to PSI emission, in the Bothnian Sea ecotype of F. vesiculosus than in F. radicans or in the Norwegian Sea ecotype of F. vesiculosus. The results suggest that more light-harvesting chl a/c proteins serve PSII in the Bothnian Sea ecotype of F. vesiculosus than in the two other algal strains. Treatment of the Bothnian Sea ecotype of F. vesiculosus in high salinity (10, 20, and 35 practical salinity units) for 1 week did not lead to spectral changes, indicating that the measured features of the Bothnian Sea F. vesiculosus are stable and not simply a direct result of exposure to low salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Gylle
- Department of Natural Sciences, Engineering and Mathematics, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, SwedenMolecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, FinlandDepartment of Natural Sciences, Engineering and Mathematics, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, SwedenMolecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Susanne Rantamäki
- Department of Natural Sciences, Engineering and Mathematics, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, SwedenMolecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, FinlandDepartment of Natural Sciences, Engineering and Mathematics, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, SwedenMolecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Nils G A Ekelund
- Department of Natural Sciences, Engineering and Mathematics, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, SwedenMolecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, FinlandDepartment of Natural Sciences, Engineering and Mathematics, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, SwedenMolecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Esa Tyystjärvi
- Department of Natural Sciences, Engineering and Mathematics, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, SwedenMolecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, FinlandDepartment of Natural Sciences, Engineering and Mathematics, Mid Sweden University, SE-851 70 Sundsvall, SwedenMolecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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Sonneveld A, Duysens LN, Moerdijk A. Magnetic field-induced increase in chlorophyll a delayed fluorescence of photosystem II: A 100- to 200-ns component between 4.2 and 300 K. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 77:5889-93. [PMID: 16592893 PMCID: PMC350177 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.77.10.5889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
At room temperature the delayed fluorescence (luminescence) of spinach chloroplasts, in which the acceptor Q is prereduced, consists of a component with a lifetime of 0.7 mus and a more rapid component, presumably with a lifetime of 100-200 ns and about the same integrated intensity as the 0.7- mus component. Between 4.2 and 200 K only a 100- to 200-ns luminescence component was found, with an integrated intensity appreciably larger than that at room temperature. At 77 K the 150-ns component approached 63% of saturation at roughly the same energy as the variable fluorescence of photosystem II at room temperature. At 77 K the emission spectra of prompt fluorescence but not that of the 150-ns luminescence had a preponderant additional band at about 735 nm. The 150-ns emission also occurred in the photosystem I-lacking mutant FL5 of Chlamydomonas. These experiments indicate that the 150-ns component originates from photosystem II. At room temperature a magnetic field of 0.22 T stimulated the 0.7-mus delayed fluorescence by about 10%. At 77 K the field-induced increase of the 150-ns component amounted to 40-50%, being responsible for the observed approximately 2% increase of the total emission; the magnetic field increased the lifetime about 20%. In order to explain these phenomena a scheme for photosystem II is presented with an intermediary acceptor W between Q and the primary donor chlorophyll P-680; recombination of P-680(+) and W(-) causes the fast luminescence. The magnetic field effect on this emission is discussed in terms of the radical pair mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sonneveld
- Department of Biophysics, Huygens Laboratory of the State University, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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Pashchenko VZ, Rubin LB. Second All-Union School on Applications of Lasers in Biology, Tbilisi, November 24–29, 1980 (Pulsed fluorometry of primary photosynthesis processes in higher plants). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1070/qe1981v011n12abeh008651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Santabarbara S, Agostini G, Casazza AP, Syme CD, Heathcote P, Böhles F, Evans MC, Jennings RC, Carbonera D. Chlorophyll triplet states associated with Photosystem I and Photosystem II in thylakoids of the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2007; 1767:88-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2006.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2006] [Revised: 10/16/2006] [Accepted: 10/17/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Trissl HW. Modeling the Excitation Energy Capture in Thylakoid Membranes. PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN ALGAE 2003. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-1038-2_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Avarmaa R, Renge I, Mauring K. Sharp-line structure in the fluorescence and excitation spectra of greening etiolated leaves. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(84)80858-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Schreiber U, Rijgersberg C, Amesz J. Temperature-dependent reversible changes in phycobilisome-thylakoid membrane attachment in Anacystis nidulans. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(79)80844-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Breton J. The 695 nm fluorescence (F
695
) of chloroplasts at low temperature is emitted from the primary acceptor of photosystem II. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(82)81002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hideg É, Scott R, Inaba H. High resolution emission spectra of one second delayed fluorescence from chloroplasts. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(89)80737-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Gilmore AM, Ball MC. Protection and storage of chlorophyll in overwintering evergreens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97:11098-101. [PMID: 10973472 PMCID: PMC27154 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.150237697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
How evergreen species store and protect chlorophyll during exposure to high light in winter remains unexplained. This study reveals that the evergreen snow gum (Eucalyptus pauciflora Sieb. ex Spreng.) stores and protects its chlorophylls by forming special complexes that are unique to the winter-acclimated state. Our in vivo spectral and kinetic characterizations reveal a prominent component of the chlorophyll fluorescence spectrum around 715 nm at 77 K. This band coincides structurally with a loss of chlorophyll and an increase in energy-dissipating carotenoids. Functionally, the band coincides with an increased capacity to dissipate excess light energy, absorbed by the chlorophylls, as heat without intrathylakoid acidification. The increased heat dissipation helps protect the chlorophylls from photo-oxidative bleaching and thereby facilitates rapid recovery of photosynthesis in spring.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Gilmore
- Photobioenergetics Group and Ecosystem Dynamics Group, Research School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Advanced Studies, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia.
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Agati G. Response of thein vivochlorophyll fluorescence spectrum to environmental factors and laser excitation wavelength. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1088/0963-9659/7/4/016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Gilmore AM, Hazlett TL, Debrunner PG. Photosystem II chlorophyll a fluorescence lifetimes and intensity are independent of the antenna size differences between barley wild-type and chlorina mutants: Photochemical quenching and xanthophyll cycle-dependent nonphotochemical quenching of fluorescence. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1996; 48:171-187. [PMID: 24271297 DOI: 10.1007/bf00041007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/1995] [Accepted: 02/14/1996] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PS II) chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence lifetimes were measured in thylakoids and leaves of barley wild-type and chlorina f104 and f2 mutants to determine the effects of the PS II Chl a+b antenna size on the deexcitation of absorbed light energy. These barley chlorina mutants have drastically reduced levels of PS II light-harvesting Chls and pigment-proteins when compared to wild-type plants. However, the mutant and wild-type PS II Chl a fluorescence lifetimes and intensity parameters were remarkably similar and thus independent of the PS II light-harvesting antenna size for both maximal (at minimum Chl fluorescence level, Fo) and minimal rates of PS II photochemistry (at maximum Chl fluorescence level, Fm). Further, the fluorescence lifetimes and intensity parameters, as affected by the trans-thylakoid membrane pH gradient (ΔpH) and the carotenoid pigments of the xanthophyll cycle, were also similar and independent of the antenna size differences. In the presence of a ΔpH, the xanthophyll cycle-dependent processes increased the fractional intensity of a Chl a fluorescence lifetime distribution centered around 0.4-0.5 ns, at the expense of a 1.6 ns lifetime distribution (see Gilmore et al. (1995) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 92: 2273-2277). When the zeaxanthin and antheraxanthin concentrations were measured relative to the number of PS II reaction center units, the ratios of fluorescence quenching to [xanthophyll] were similar between the wild-type and chlorina f104. However, the chlorina f104, compared to the wild-type, required around 2.5 times higher concentrations of these xanthophylls relative to Chl a+b to obtain the same levels of xanthophyll cycle-dependent fluorescence quenching. We thus suggest that, at a constant ΔpH, the fraction of the short lifetime distribution is determined by the concentration and thus binding frequency of the xanthophylls in the PS II inner antenna. The ΔpH also affected both the widths and centers of the lifetime distributions independent of the xanthophyll cycle. We suggest that the combined effects of the xanthophyll cycle and ΔpH cause major conformational changes in the pigment-protein complexes of the PS II inner or core antennae that switch a normal PS II unit to an increased rate constant of heat dissipation. We discuss a model of the PS II photochemical apparatus where PS II photochemistry and xanthophyll cycle-dependent energy dissipation are independent of the Peripheral antenna size.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Gilmore
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 61801-3707, Urbana, IL, USA
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22
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Wollenberger L, Weibull C, Albertsson PÅ. Further characterization of the chloroplast grana margins: the non-detergent preparation of granal Photosystem I cannot reduce ferredoxin in the absence of NADP+ reduction. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(95)00027-g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Woolf VM, Wittmershaus BP, Vermaas WF, Tran TD. Resolution of low-energy chlorophylls in Photosystem I of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 at 77 and 295 K through fluorescence excitation anisotropy. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1994; 40:21-34. [PMID: 24311211 DOI: 10.1007/bf00019042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/1992] [Accepted: 11/08/1993] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence excitation spectra of highly anisotropic emission from Photosystem I (PS I) were measured at 295 and 77 K on a PS II-less mutant of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (S. 6803). When PS I was excited with light at wavelengths greater than 715 nm, fluorescence observed at 745 nm was highly polarized with anisotropies of 0.32 and 0.20 at 77 and 295 K, respectively. Upon excitation at shorter wavelengths, the 745-nm fluorescence had low anisotropy. The highly anisotropic emission observed at both 77 and 295 K is interpreted as evidence for low-energy chlorophylls (Chls) in cyanobacteria at room temperature. This indicates that low-energy Chls, defined as Chls with first excited singlet-state energy levels below or near that of the reaction center, P700, are not artifacts of low-temperature measurements.If the low-energy Chls are a distinct subset of Chls and a simple two-pool model describes the excitation transfer network adequately, one can take advantage of the low-energy Chls' high anisotropy to approximate their fluorescence excitation spectra. Maxima at 703 and 708 nm were calculated from 295 and 77 K data, respectively. Upper limits for the number of low-energy Chls per P700 in PS I from S. 6803 were calculated to be 8 (295 K) and 11 (77 K).
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Affiliation(s)
- V M Woolf
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Arizona State University, 85287, Tempe, AZ, USA
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24
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Yu SG, Björn G, Albertsson PÅ. Characterization of a non-detergent PS II-cytochrome b/f preparation (BS). PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1993; 37:227-236. [PMID: 24317803 DOI: 10.1007/bf00032826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/1993] [Accepted: 06/29/1993] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A non-detergent photosystem II preparation, named BS, has been characterized by countercurrent distribution, light saturation curves, absorption spectra and fluorescence at room and at low temperature (-196°C). The BS fraction is prepared by a sonication-phase partitioning procedure (Svensson P and Albertsson P-Å, Photosynth Res 20: 249-259, 1989) which removes the stroma lamellae and the margins from the grana and leaves the appressed partition region intact in the form of vesicles. These are closed structures of inside-out conformation. They have a chlorophyll a/b ratio of 1.8-2.0, have a high oxygen evolving capacity (295 μmol O2 per mg chl h), are depleted in P700 and enriched in the cytochrome b/f complex. They have about 2 Photosystem II reaction centers per 1 cytochrome b/f complex.The plastoquinone pool available for PS II in the BS vesicles is 6-7 quinones per reaction center, about the same as for the whole thylakoid. It is concluded, therefore, that the plastoquinone of the stroma lamellae is not available to the PS II in the grana and that plastoquinone does not act as a long range electron transport shuttler between the grana and stroma lamellae.Compared with Photosystem II particles prepared by detergent (Triton X-100) treatment, the BS vesicles retain more cytochrome b/f complex and are more homogenous in their surface properties, as revealed by countercurrent distribution, and they have a more efficient energy transfer from the antenna pigments to the reaction center.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Yu
- Department of Biochemistry, P.O. Box 124, S-221 00, Lund, Sweden
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25
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Foguel D, Chaloub RM, Silva JL, Crofts AR, Weber G. Pressure and low temperature effects on the fluorescence emission spectra and lifetimes of the photosynthetic components of cyanobacteria. Biophys J 1992; 63:1613-22. [PMID: 1489915 PMCID: PMC1262278 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(92)81756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of hydrostatic pressure on the excited state reactions of the photosynthetic system of cyanobacteria were studied with the use of stationary and dynamic fluorescence spectroscopy. When the cells were excited with blue light (442 nm), hydrostatic pressure promoted a large increase in the fluorescence emission of the phycobilisomes (PBS). When PBS were excited at 565 nm, the shoulder originating from photosystem II (PSII) emission (F685) disappeared under 2.4 kbar compression, suggesting suppression of the energy transfer from PBS to PSII. At atmospheric pressure, the excited state decay was complex due to energy transfer processes, and the best fit to the data consisted of a broad Lorentzian distribution of short lifetimes. At 2.4 kbar, the decay data changed to a narrower distribution of longer lifetimes, confirming the pressure-induced suppression of the energy transfer between the PBS and PSII. When the cells were excited with blue light, the decay at atmospheric pressure was even more complex and the best fit to the data consisted of a two-component Lorentzian distribution of short lifetimes. Under compression, the broad distribution of lifetimes spanning the region 100-1,000 ps disappeared and gave rise to the appearance of a narrow distribution characteristic of the PBS centered at 1.2 ns. The emission of photosystem I underwent 2.2-fold increase at 2.4 kbar and room temperature. A decrease in temperature from 20 to -10 degrees C at 2.4 kbar promoted a further increase in the fluorescence emission from photosystem I to a level comparable with that obtained at temperatures below 120 degrees K and atmospheric pressure. On the other hand, when the temperature was decreased under pressure, the PBS emission diminished to very low value at blue or green excitation, suggesting the disassembly into the phycobiliprotein subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Foguel
- Departamento de Bioquimica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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26
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Zucchelli G, Jennings RC, Garlaschi FM. Independent fluorescence emission of the chlorophyll spectral forms in higher plant Photosystem II. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(92)90214-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Rees D, Noctor G, Ruban AV, Crofts J, Young A, Horton P. pH dependent chlorophyll fluorescence quenching in spinach thylakoids from light treated or dark adapted leaves. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1992; 31:11-9. [PMID: 24407925 DOI: 10.1007/bf00049532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/1991] [Accepted: 09/18/1991] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The pH dependence of maximum chlorophyll fluorescence yield (Fm) was examined in spinach thylakoids in the presence of nigericin to dissipate the transthylakoid pH gradient. 3-(3',4'-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (DCMU) was present to eliminate photochemical quenching. Thylakoids were prepared from dark adapted leaves ('dark' thylakoids) or preilluminated leaves ('light' thylakoids). In the latter there had been approximately 50% conversion of the xanthophyll violaxanthin to zeaxanthin, while no conversion had occurred in the former. In the presence of a reductant such as ascorbate, antimycin A sensitive quenching was observed (half maximal quenching at 5 μM), whose pH dependence differed between the two types of thylakoid. Preillumination of leaves resulted in more quenching at pH values where very little quenching was observed in 'dark' thylakoids (pH 5-7.6). This was similar to activation of high-energy-state quenching (qE) observed previously (Rees D, Young A, Noctor G, Britton G and Horton P (1989) FEBS Lett 256: 85-90). Thylakoids isolated from preilluminated DTT treated leaves, that contained no zeaxanthin, behaved like dark thylakoids. A second form of quenching was observed in the presence of ferricyanide, that could be reversed by the addition of ascorbate. This was not antimycin A sensitive and showed the same pH dependence in both types of thylakoid. The former type of quenching, but not the latter, showed similar low temperature fluorescence emission spectra to qE, and was considered to occur by the same mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Rees
- Robert Hill Institute, Sheffield University, Western Bank, S10 2TN, Sheffield, UK
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28
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Spectroscopic properties of LHC-II, the main light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein complex from chloroplast membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(05)80331-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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29
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Ruban A, Rees D, Noctor G, Young A, Horton P. Long-wavelength chlorophyll species are associated with amplification of high-energy-state excitation quenching in higher plants. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(05)80221-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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30
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Ruban AV, Trach VV. Heat-induced reversible changes in Photosystem 1 absorption cross-section of pea chloroplasts and sub-chloroplast preparations : Evidence from excitation fluorescence spectra. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1991; 29:157-169. [PMID: 24415153 DOI: 10.1007/bf00036219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/1991] [Accepted: 07/18/1991] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Reversible changes in the room temperature fluorescence quenching at 685 nm and light scattering level at 577 nm, indicating about 15% of granal unstacking, induced by high temperature treatment (40°C, for 5 min) of pea chloroplasts were shown. Analysis of the low temperature excitation fluorescence spectra of the 735 nm Photosystem 1 (PS 1) band (F735), in the 635-725 nm region, has revealed the involvement of light-harvesting (LHC 2, maxima at 650 and 676 nm) and the proximal Photosystem 2 antenna (maxima 668, 687 nm) in heat-induced enhancement of the PS 1 long wavelength antenna absorption cross-section. It was found that the two PS 1 sub-chloroplast preparations, achieved by the digitonin method, possessed different characteristics of this enhancement. For the heavier fraction (100 000 g) the additional absorption cross-section was formed mostly at the expense of PS 2 antennas (apparently spillover), but for the lighter PS 1 fraction (145 000 g) the changes have indicated an α-transfer mechanism, i.e., participation of only LHC 2 in the energy transfer towards PS 1. This may indicate the heterogeneous character of the temperature-induced energy redistribution across the PS 1-containing chloroplast membrane compartments. The model of heat-induced changes in the pigment-protein complex arrangement is discussed in terms of domain organisation of the thylakoid membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Ruban
- Robert Hill Institute of Photosynthesis, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, S10 2TN, Sheffield, UK
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31
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Watanabe H, Kobayashi M, Suzuki S, Usa M, Agatsuma SI, Saeki R, Inaba H. Aldehyde-enhanced photon emission from crude extracts of soybean seedlings. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(05)80239-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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32
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Lin S, Knox RS. Studies of excitation energy transfer within the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and its mutants at 77 K. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1991; 27:157-168. [PMID: 24414688 DOI: 10.1007/bf00035837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/1990] [Accepted: 12/05/1990] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The 77 K picosecond fluorescence of intact Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exhibits a 680-nm band (F680) that can be identified with light-harvesting chlorophyll. Analysis of the time and spectral dependence of F680 reveal a forward transfer rate of 1/(15 ps) from this 680-nm species to photosystem II. The possibility of transfer through LHC I, the light-harvesting complex closely associated with photosystem I with a transfer time of 60 to 100 ps, is indicated by analysis of similar data in the 700-720 nm region. Simple kinetic models that account for the time dependence of the emissions F707, F703 and F715 are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Rochester, 14627, Rochester, NY, USA
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33
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Chlorophyll—protein complexes related to photosystem I in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1989. [DOI: 10.1016/1011-1344(89)80105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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34
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Renge I, Mauring K, Vladkova R. Zero-phonon transitions of chlorophyll a in mature plant leaves revealed by spectral hole-burning method at 5 K. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(88)90228-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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Bassi R, Giacometti GM, Simpson DJ. Changes in the organization of stroma membranes induced by in vivo state 1-state 2 transition. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(88)90212-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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36
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van Dorssen R, Breton J, Plijter J, Satoh K, van Gorkom H, Amesz J. Spectroscopic properties of the reaction center and of the 47 kDa chlorophyll protein of Photosystem II. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(87)90048-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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37
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van Dorssen R, Plijter J, Dekker J, den Ouden A, Amesz J, van Gorkom H. Spectroscopic properties of chloroplast grana membranes and of the core of Photosystem II. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(87)90014-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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Garnier J, Maroc J, Guyon D. Low-temperature fluorescence emission spectra and chlorophyll-protein complexes in mutants of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii: Evidence for a new chlorophyll-a-protein complex related to Photosystem I. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(86)90076-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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39
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Tapie P, Choquet Y, Wollman FA, Diner B, Breton J. Orientation of the pigments in Photosystem II: A low-temperature linear dichroism and polarized fluorescence emission study of chlorophyll-protein complexes isolated from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(86)90020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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40
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Abstract
Recent advances in the studies on chlorophyll-protein complexes of higher plants are summarized in this article. Special emphasis is laid on the isolation, pigment composition and the absorption and fluorescence properties of the complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Satoh
- Department of Biology, Okayama University, Tsushima, 700, Okayama, Japan
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41
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Murphy DJ. Reconstitution of energy transfer and electron transfer between solubilised pigment-protein complexes from thylakoid membranes. The role of acyl lipids. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1986; 8:219-233. [PMID: 24443260 DOI: 10.1007/bf00037130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/1985] [Revised: 07/03/1985] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Solubilisation of thylakoid membranes from young leaves of Pisum sativum in the presence of Triton X-100 resulted in an almost complete loss of quenching of light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein (LHCP) fluorescence, as measured at 77°K. There were concomitant changes in the kinetics of light-saturation curves of electron transport from 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol/ascorbate to methyl viologen. These effects were accompenied by a physical dissociation of LHCP polypeptides from photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) polypeptides, as determined by polyacrylamide gel-electrophoresis. Detergent-dialysis in the presence of exogenous purified galactolipids, about 80% of which were linoleoyl molecular species, only partially reversed these effects. However, detergent-dialysis using the phospholipids, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine, resulted in the substantial restoration of 77°K fluorescence quenching and the restoration of both emission spectra and electron transport kinetics of both Photosystems I and II that were typical of native membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D J Murphy
- Research Institute for Photosynthesis, University of Sheffield, 26 Taptonville Road, S10 5BR, Sheffield, UK
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42
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Picaud A, Dubertret G. Pigment protein complexes and functional properties of tetratype resulting from crosses between CP1 and CP 2 less Chlamydomonas mutants. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 1986; 7:221-236. [PMID: 24443119 DOI: 10.1007/bf00014676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/1985] [Revised: 02/02/1985] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A chlorophyll b-less mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Pg 27) was isolated after UV irradiation of the wild type cells. This photosynthetically competent mutant totally lacks chlorophyll b and the CP2 chlorophyll-protein complex. However, SDS-PAGE, proteolytic digestions and immunodetections demonstrated that the 24-25 Kd apoproteins of the lacking CP2 complex are still present in thylakoids of the Pg27 mutant. It is concluded that this CP2-less mutant is affected in the biosynthesis pathway of chlorophyll b.This CP2-less mutant was crossed with a CP1-less mutant (Fl5) Fluorescence emission spectra and fluorescence inductions in the presence of DCMU were analysed in the resulting (cp 2 (-) , cp 1 (+) ), (cp 2 (+) , cp 1 (-) ), (cp 2 (+) , cp 1 (+) ), cp 2 (-) , cp 1 (-) )tetratype. Differences in PS 2 optical cross section and in the relative amplitude or localisation of fluorescence emission peaks fit well with a quadripartite model where PS1 and PS2 would each correspond to a reaction centre core complex (CP1 and CP2 respectively) associated to a light harvesting antenna (LHC1 and LHC2 respectively). The occurrence of energy transfers from PS1 peripheral antenna to PS2 in the Fl 5 mutant shows that, in absence of CP1, at least a part of its associated PS1 light harvesting antenna migrates in the PS2 containing appressed thylakoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Picaud
- Laboratoire de Photosynthèse, CNRS, BP 1, F 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, (France)
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43
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Murphy DJ, Prinsley RT. Interaction of Triton X-100 with the pigment-protein complexes of photosynthetic membranes. Biochem J 1985; 229:31-7. [PMID: 3899102 PMCID: PMC1145146 DOI: 10.1042/bj2290031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The interaction of the non-ionic detergent Triton X-100 with photosynthetic membrane components of Pisum sativum (pea) is described. The detergent affected both the wavelength and the intensity of the 77K fluorescence-emission peaks of both Photosystem I and Photosystem II preparations, in addition to the effects on whole thylakoids recently described by Murphy & Woodrow [(1984) Biochem. J. 224, 989-993]. Below its critical micellar concentration, Triton X-100 had no effect on 77K fluorescence emissions even after prolonged incubations of up to 30 min. Above the critical micellar concentration of about 0.16 mg X ml-1, Triton X-100 caused a dramatic increase in the intensity of the 680 nm emission. The intensity of the 680 nm fluorescence emission continued to increase as more Triton X-100 was added, until limiting concentrations of detergent were reached. These limiting concentrations were proportional to the amount of membrane present and generally occurred at Triton X-100/chlorophyll (w/w) ratios of 100-200:1. In all cases the detergent effect was seen within 10 min, and is often considerably faster, with longer detergent treatments causing no further effects. The data are discussed in terms of a three-stage mechanism for detergent solubilization of membrane components.
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44
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45
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van Grondelle R. Excitation energy transfer, trapping and annihilation in photosynthetic systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-4173(85)90017-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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46
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Bassi R. Spectral properties and polypeptide composition of the chlorophyll-proteins from thylakoids of granal and agranal chloroplasts of maize (Zea mays L.). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02907141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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47
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Bricker TM, Pakrasi HB, Sherman LA. Characterization of a spinach photosystem II core preparation isolated by a simplified method. Arch Biochem Biophys 1985; 237:170-6. [PMID: 3882055 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(85)90266-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A photosystem II core complex from spinach exhibiting high rates of electron transport was obtained rapidly and in high yield by treatment of a Tris-extracted, O2-evolving photosystem II preparation with the detergent dodecyl-beta-D-maltoside. The core complex was essentially free of light-harvesting chlorophyll-protein and photosystem I polypeptides, and was highly enriched in the polypeptides associated with the photosystem II reaction center (45 and 49 kDa), cytochrome b559, and three polypeptides in the region 32-34 kDa. The photosystem II core complex contained two chlorophyll-proteins which had a slightly higher apparent molecular mass than CPa-1 and CPa-2. Additionally, a high-molecular-mass chlorophyll-protein complex termed CPa* was observed, which exhibited a low fluorescence yield when illuminated with ultraviolet light. This observation suggests that CPa* contains a functionally efficient quencher of chlorophyll fluorescence, possibly P680.
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48
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Murphy DJ, Woodrow IE. The effects of Triton X-100 and n-octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside on energy transfer in photosynthetic membranes. Biochem J 1984; 224:989-93. [PMID: 6525182 PMCID: PMC1144537 DOI: 10.1042/bj2240989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the non-ionic detergents Triton X-100 and n-octyl beta-D-glucopyranoside on energy transfer between pigment-protein complexes of Pisum sativum thylakoids were investigated. This was done by monitoring the 77K fluorescence-emission characteristics of stacked and unstacked thylakoids exposed to a range of detergent concentrations. At sub-critical micellar concentrations, the detergents had little effect, whereas above these concentrations they caused increases of up to 20-fold in short-wavelength fluorescence intensity and a shift in its maximum wavelength from 685 to 680 nm. Fluorescence-emission intensities at 695 and 735 nm were relatively unaffected by detergent treatments, although Triton X-100 caused a wavelength shift in the emission peak from 735 to 728 nm. The results are discussed in terms of reversible dissociation of pigment-protein complexes induced by mild detergent solubilization and the consequent cessation of inter-complex energy transfer.
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