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Malekzadeh MR, Roosta HR, Esmaeilizadeh M, Dabrowski P, Kalaji HM. Improving strawberry plant resilience to salinity and alkalinity through the use of diverse spectra of supplemental lighting. BMC Plant Biol 2024; 24:252. [PMID: 38589797 PMCID: PMC11000407 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04984-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explores the impact of various light spectra on the photosynthetic performance of strawberry plants subjected to salinity, alkalinity, and combined salinity/alkalinity stress. We employed supplemental lighting through Light-emitting Diodes (LEDs) with specific wavelengths: monochromatic blue (460 nm), monochromatic red (660 nm), dichromatic blue/red (1:3 ratio), and white/yellow (400-700 nm), all at an intensity of 200 µmol m-2 S-1. Additionally, a control group (ambient light) without LED treatment was included in the study. The tested experimental variants were: optimal growth conditions (control), alkalinity (40 mM NaHCO3), salinity (80 mM NaCl), and a combination of salinity/alkalinity. RESULTS The results revealed a notable decrease in photosynthetic efficiency under both salinity and alkalinity stresses, especially when these stresses were combined, in comparison to the no-stress condition. However, the application of supplemental lighting, particularly with the red and blue/red spectra, mitigated the adverse effects of stress. The imposed stress conditions had a detrimental impact on both gas exchange parameters and photosynthetic efficiency of the plants. In contrast, treatments involving blue, red, and blue/red light exhibited a beneficial effect on photosynthetic efficiency compared to other lighting conditions. Further analysis of JIP-test parameters confirmed that these specific light treatments significantly ameliorated the stress impacts. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the utilization of blue, red, and blue/red light spectra has the potential to enhance plant resilience in the face of salinity and alkalinity stresses. This discovery presents a promising strategy for cultivating plants in anticipation of future challenging environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Malekzadeh
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, 7718817111, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Hamid Reza Roosta
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran.
| | - Majid Esmaeilizadeh
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, 7718817111, Kerman, Iran
| | - Piotr Dabrowski
- Department of Environmental Management, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska str. 159, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Science, 159 Nowoursynowska St, Warsaw, 02-776, Poland
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Suchocka M, Jelonek T, Błaszczyk M, Wińska-Krysiak M, Kubus M, Ziemiański M, Kalaji HM. Risk assessment of hollow-bearing trees in urban forests. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22214. [PMID: 38097704 PMCID: PMC10721860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49419-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The paper is a study of risk assessment posed by trees in selected urban woodlands (urban forests) of Warsaw. Two groups of trees were analysed and compared: exhibiting signs of maturity and ageing (hollow-bearing trees with open or hidden cavities and/or caries) and with no signs of decay. 373 individual trees growing near routes frequently or continuously used for recreational purposes were examined using Roloff's vitality classification, and tree risk assessment method, complemented by instrumental studies: a resistance resistograph, pulling tests, and sonic tomography (SoT). The collected data was analysed using the Chi-square test. The results indicate that it is not possible to conclude unequivocally that the presence of hollows in aged trees significantly increases the risk of falling. According to the safety factor results from the SoT and pulling tests, no correlation was demonstrated between the presence of hollow trees and an increase in risk class. The highest proportion of hollow trees (89.42%) was in the low risk group for trunk fracture and uprooting. The results also indicate the coherence of the diagnostic methods to be necessary for providing sufficient information to assess the statics and, ultimately, as our study showed, the protection of hollow trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Suchocka
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska St. 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Jelonek
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, St. Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Błaszczyk
- Department of Landscape Architecture, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska St. 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marzena Wińska-Krysiak
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska St. 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kubus
- Department of Landscape Architecture, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Papieża Pawła VI St. 3a, 71-459, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, Al. Hrabska 3, Falenty, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska St. 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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Shomali A, Aliniaeifard S, Mohammadian M, Lotfi M, Kalaji HM. Genotype-dependent Strategies to "Overcome" Excessive Light: Insights into Non-Photochemical Quenching under High Light Intensity. Physiol Plant 2023; 175:e14077. [PMID: 38148223 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
High light (HL) intensities have a significant impact on energy flux and distribution within photosynthetic apparatus. To understand the effect of high light intensity (HL) on the HL tolerance mechanisms in tomatoes, we examined the response of the photosynthesis apparatus of 12 tomato genotypes to HL. A reduced electron transfer per reaction center (ET0 /RC), an increased energy dissipation (DI0 /RC) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), along with a reduced maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (FV /FM ), and performance index per absorbed photon (PIABS ) were common HL-induced responses among genotypes; however, the magnitude of those responses was highly genotype-dependent. Tolerant and sensitive genotypes were distinguished based on chlorophyll fluorescence and energy-quenching responses to HL. Tolerant genotypes alleviated excess light through energy-dependent quenching (qE ), resulting in smaller photoinhibitory quenching (qI ) compared to sensitive genotypes. Quantum yield components also shifted under HL, favoring the quantum yield of NPQ (ՓNPQ ) and the quantum yield of basal energy loss (ՓN0 ), while reducing the efficient quantum yield of PSII (ՓPSII ). The impact of HL on tolerant genotypes was less pronounced. While the energy partitioning ratio did not differ significantly between sensitive and tolerant genotypes, the ratio of NPQ components, especially qI , affected plant resilience against HL. These findings provide insights into different patterns of HL-induced NPQ components in tolerant and sensitive genotypes, aiding the development of resilient crops for heterogeneous light conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Shomali
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
| | - Sasan Aliniaeifard
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
- Controlled Environment Agriculture Center, College of Agriculture and natural resources, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mohammadian
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Lotfi
- Photosynthesis Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, Aburaihan Campus, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
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Khan MN, Siddiqui MH, Alhussaen KM, El-Alosey AR, AlOmrani MAM, Kalaji HM. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles require K + and hydrogen sulfide to regulate nitrogen and carbohydrate metabolism during adaptive response to drought and nickel stress in cucumber. Environ Pollut 2023; 334:122008. [PMID: 37356795 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Crop plants face severe yield losses worldwide owing to their exposure to multiple abiotic stresses. The study described here, was conducted to comprehend the response of cucumber seedlings to drought (induced by 15% w/v polyethylene glycol 8000; PEG) and nickel (Ni) stress in presence or absence of titanium dioxide nanoparticle (nTiO2). In addition, it was also investigated how nitrogen (N) and carbohydrate metabolism, as well as the defense system, are affected by endogenous potassium (K+) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Cucumber seedlings were subjected to Ni stress and drought, which led to oxidative stress and triggered the defense system. Under the stress, N and carbohydrate metabolism were differentially affected. Supplementation of the stressed seedlings with nTiO2 (15 mg L-1) enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes, ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) system and elevated N and carbohydrates metabolism. Application of nTiO2 also enhanced the accumulation of phytochelatins and activity of the enzymes of glyoxalase system that provided additional protection against the metal and toxic methylglyoxal. Osmotic stress brought on by PEG and Ni, was countered by the increase of proline and carbohydrates levels, which helped the seedlings keep their optimal level of hydration. Application nTiO2 improved the biosynthesis of H2S and K+ retention through regulating Cys biosynthesis and H+-ATPase activity, respectively. Observed outcomes lead to the conclusion that nTiO2 maintains redox homeostasis, and normal functioning of N and carbohydrates metabolism that resulted in the protection of cucumber seedlings against drought and Ni stress. Use of 20 mM tetraethylammonium chloride (K+- channel blocker), 500 μM sodium orthovanadate (PM H+-ATPase inhibitor), and 1 mM hypotaurine (H2S scavenger) demonstrate that endogenous K+ and H2S were crucial for the nTiO2-induced modulation of plants' adaptive responses to the imposed stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nasir Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalaf M Alhussaen
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Rafat El-Alosey
- Department of Biology, College of Haql, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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Bhatt U, Sharma S, Kalaji HM, Strasser RJ, Chomontowski C, Soni V. Sunlight-induced repair of photosystem II in moss Semibarbula orientalis under submergence stress. Funct Plant Biol 2023; 50:777-791. [PMID: 37696295 DOI: 10.1071/fp23073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Lower plants such as bryophytes often encounter submergence stress, even in low precipitation conditions. Our study aimed to understand the mechanism of submergence tolerance to withstand this frequent stress in moss (Semibarbula orientalis ) during the day and at night. These findings emphasise that light plays a crucial role in photoreactivation of PSII in S. orientalis , which indicates that light not only fuels photosynthesis but also aids in repairing the photosynthetic machinery in plants. Submergence negatively affects photosynthesis parameters such as specific and phenomenological fluxes, density of functional PSII reaction centres (RC/CS), photochemical and non-photochemical quenching (Kp and Kn), quantum yields (ϕP0 , ϕE0 , ϕD0 ), primary and secondary photochemistry, performance indices (PIcs and PIabs), etc. Excessive antenna size caused photoinhibition at the PSII acceptor side, reducing the plastoquinone pool through the formation of PSII triplets and reactive oxygen species (ROS). This ROS-induced protein and PSII damage triggered the initiation of the repair cycle in presence of sunlight, eventually leading to the resumption of PSII activity. However, ROS production was regulated by antioxidants like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity. The rapid recovery of RS/CS observed specifically under sunlight conditions emphasises the vital role of light in enabling the assembly of essential units, such as the D1 protein of PSII, during stress in S. orientalis . Overall, light is instrumental in restoring the photosynthetic potential in S. orientalis growing under submergence stress. Additionally, it was observed that plants subjected to submergence stress during daylight hours rapidly recover their photosynthetic performance. However, submergence stress during the night requires a comparatively longer period for the restoration of photosynthesis in the moss S. orientalis .
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Affiliation(s)
- Upma Bhatt
- Plant Bioenergetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India
| | - Shubhangani Sharma
- Plant Bioenergetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Falenty, Aleja Hrabska 3, Raszyn 05-090, Poland; and Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Reto J Strasser
- Plant Bioenergetics Laboratory, University of Geneva, Jussy 1254, Switzerland
| | - Chrystian Chomontowski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
| | - Vineet Soni
- Plant Bioenergetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001, India
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Parrey ZA, Shah SH, Mohammad F, Siddiqui MH, Alamri S, Kalaji HM. Exogenous epibrassinolide application improves essential oil biosynthesis and trichome development in peppermint via modulating growth and physicochemical processes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12924. [PMID: 37558811 PMCID: PMC10412686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40210-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Peppermint has gained a promising status due to the presence of a high proportion of bioactive compounds, especially menthol. Due to its pharmacological efficacy, the demand for its plant-based bioactive compounds necessitates its cultivation worldwide. Brassinosteroids are polyhydroxylated sterol derivatives that regulate diverse processes and control many agronomic traits during plant growth and development. A factorial randomised pot experiment was performed in the net house to investigate the effect of 24-Epibrassinolide (EBL) on the growth, physiology, essential oil content, stomatal behaviour and trichome development of the three cultivars of peppermint. Four levels of foliage-applied EBL, viz. 0, 10-5, 10-6 and 10-7 M were applied to the three cultivars of peppermint (Kukrail, Pranjal and Tushar). Among the different treatments of EBL, the application of 10-6 M increased shoot length by 38.84, 37.59 and 36.91%, root length by 36.73, 29.44 and 33.47%, chlorophyll content by 24.20, 22.48 and 23.32%, PN by 32.88, 32.61 and 33.61%, EO content by 32.72, 30.00 and 28.84%, EO yield per plant by 66.66, 77.77 and 73.33% and menthol yield per plant by 127.27, 110 and 118.18% in Kukrail, Tushar and Pranjal respectively, compared with their respective control plants. Further, the 10-6 M EBL exhibited improved trichome size and density, cellular viability and menthol content of the oil analysed from scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy and GC-MS respectively as compared to the control. In conclusion, out of different levels of EBL, two sprays of 10-6 M EBL proved effective in enhancing the morphophysiological features and productivity of mint plants, particularly for cultivar Kukrail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Ahmad Parrey
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Sajad Hussain Shah
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Firoz Mohammad
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw, University of Life Sciences SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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Islam S, Mohammad F, Siddiqui MH, Kalaji HM. Salicylic acid and trehalose attenuate salt toxicity in Brassica juncea L. by activating the stress defense mechanism. Environ Pollut 2023; 326:121467. [PMID: 36963453 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Two significant soil degradation processes that pose a hazard to our ecosystems are soil salinization and sodification. The information on potential of salicylic acid (SA) and trehalose (Tre) to induce abiotic stress signaling and triggers physio-biochemical responses in crop plants is limited. Therefore, the present study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of 5 μM SA and/or 10 mM Tre in improving the growth, photosynthesis, ion homeostasis, nutrient acquisition, antioxidant defense system and yield of mustard plants growing under sodium chloride (NaCl) stress (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM NaCl). The data showed that increasing NaCl stress concentration decreased growth, photosynthesis, membrane permeability, ion homeostasis and yield in a dose-dependent manner while increasing considerably enzymatic antioxidant enzyme activities, compatible solute accumulation, sodium ion and oxidative stress biomarkers linearly with increasing NaCl stress concentration. The spray of SA, Tre, and SA + Tre played diversified roles in enhancing NaCl stress tolerance in mustard at morpho-physiological and biochemical levels. The combined SA + Tre application proved best and completely neutralized the NaCl stress-induced suppression in growth, photosynthesis, ion homeostasis, nutrient acquisition and yield by significantly enhancing the activities of enzymatic antioxidants, compatible solutes accumulation, water status and membrane permeability, while reducing considerably osmotic stress, reactive oxygen species generation, lipid peroxidation, cell death and sodium uptake in mustard. The SA + Tre application enhanced relative water content by 23%, net photosynthetic rate by 48%, superoxide dismutase activity by 51% and seed yield per plant by 64%, while decreased superoxide anion content by 26%, sodium ion content by 36% and malondialdehyde content by 25% over 0 mM NaCl treatment. Our findings indicate that the co-application of SA + Tre can be a suitable approach to palliate the ill effect of NaCl stress in mustard plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaistul Islam
- Advanced Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Firoz Mohammad
- Advanced Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India.
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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Malekzadeh MR, Roosta HR, Kalaji HM. GO nanoparticles mitigate the negative effects of salt and alkalinity stress by enhancing gas exchange and photosynthetic efficiency of strawberry plants. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8457. [PMID: 37231167 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35725-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the potential use of nanomaterials, particularly carbon-based nanostructures, in agriculture, we conducted a study to investigate the effect of graphene oxide (GO) on strawberry plants under salinity and alkalinity stress conditions. We used GO concentrations of 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 50 mg/L, and applied stress treatments at three levels: without stress, salinity (80 mM NaCl), and alkalinity (40 mM NaHCO3). Our results indicate that both salinity and alkalinity stress negatively impacted the gas exchange parameters of the strawberry plants. However, the application of GO significantly improved these parameters. Specifically, GO increased PI, Fv, Fm, and RE0/RC parameters, as well as chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in the plants. Moreover, the use of GO significantly increased the early yield and dry weight of leaves and roots. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of GO can enhance the photosynthetic performance of strawberry plants, and improve their resistance to stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Malekzadeh
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Kerman, 7718817111, Iran.
| | - Hamid Reza Roosta
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran.
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Science, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
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Guo Y, Li J, Shi J, Mi L, Zhang J, Han S, Liu W, Cheng D, Qiang S, Kalaji HM, Chen S. Griseofulvin Inhibits Root Growth by Targeting Microtubule-Associated Proteins Rather Tubulins in Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108692. [PMID: 37240033 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Griseofulvin was considered an effective agent for cancer therapy in past decades. Although the negative effects of griseofulvin on microtubule stability are known, the exact target and mechanism of action in plants remain unclear. Here, we used trifluralin, a well-known herbicide targeting microtubules, as a reference and revealed the differences in root tip morphology, reactive oxygen species production (ROS), microtubule dynamics, and transcriptome analysis between Arabidopsis treated with griseofulvin and trifluralin to elucidate the mechanism of root growth inhibition by griseofulvin. Like trifluralin, griseofulvin inhibited root growth and caused significant swelling of the root tip due to cell death induced by ROS. However, the presence of griseofulvin and trifluralin caused cell swelling in the transition zone (TZ) and meristematic zone (MZ) of root tips, respectively. Further observations revealed that griseofulvin first destroyed cortical microtubules in the cells of the TZ and early elongation zone (EZ) and then gradually affected the cells of other zones. The first target of trifluralin is the microtubules in the root MZ cells. Transcriptome analysis showed that griseofulvin mainly affected the expression of microtubule-associated protein (MAP) genes rather than tubulin genes, whereas trifluralin significantly suppressed the expression of αβ-tubulin genes. Finally, it was proposed that griseofulvin could first reduce the expression of MAP genes, meanwhile increasing the expression of auxin and ethylene-related genes to disrupt microtubule alignment in root tip TZ and early EZ cells, induce dramatic ROS production, and cause severe cell death, eventually leading to cell swelling in the corresponding zones and inhibition of root growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Guo
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jiale Shi
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Liru Mi
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Su Han
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dan Cheng
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Sheng Qiang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences; National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shiguo Chen
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
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Dąbrowski P, Keutgen AJ, Keutgen N, Sierka E, Baczewska-Dąbrowska AH, Mojski J, Pawluśkiewicz B, Sieczko L, Kalaji HM. Photosynthetic efficiency of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) seedlings in response to Ni and Cd stress. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5357. [PMID: 37005393 PMCID: PMC10067844 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32324-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Perennial ryegrass is a grass species used to establish lawns in urban areas where pollution is a major environmental problems. Cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) contribute significantly to these pollutants and may cause photosynthetic limitation. The main objective of this work was to perform a comprehensive analysis of photosynthetic efficiency of perennial ryegrass seedlings under Cd and Ni stress. Some of the main indices of photosynthetic efficiency (prompt and delayed chlorophyll-a fluorescence signals and modulated reflectance at 820 nm) were compared with growth parameters. Two cultivars were tested: 'Niga' and 'Nira'. A decrease in photosystem (PS) II and PSI activity was observed. This was due to an increase in nonradiative dissipation of the PSII antenna, a decrease in PSII antenna size, or a decrease in the number of photosynthetic complexes with fully closed PSII RCs. Efficiency of electron transport was decreased. The effect on the modulated reflectance signal could indicate a restriction in electron flow from PSII to PSI. The correlation between photosynthetic efficiency parameters, such as Area, Fo, Fm, and Fv, and growth parameters, confirmed that some photosynthetic efficiency parameters can be used as indicators for early detection of heavy metal effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Dąbrowski
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Jadwiga Keutgen
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Vegetables and Ornamentals, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 33, 1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Norbert Keutgen
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Vegetables and Ornamentals, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 33, 1180, Vienna, Austria
| | - Edyta Sierka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellonska, 40-032, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Jacek Mojski
- Twój Swiat Jacek Mojski, Okrzei 39, 21-400, Lukow, Poland
- Fundacja Zielona Infrastruktura, Wiatraki 3E, 21-400, Lukow, Poland
| | - Bogumiła Pawluśkiewicz
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Leszek Sieczko
- Department of Biometry, Institute of Agriculture, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Kaseb MO, Umer MJ, Lu X, He N, Anees M, El-Remaly E, Yousef AF, Salama EAA, Kalaji HM, Liu W. Comparative physiological and biochemical mechanisms in diploid, triploid, and tetraploid watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) grafted by branches. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4993. [PMID: 36973331 PMCID: PMC10043263 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32225-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Seed production for polyploid watermelons is costly, complex, and labor-intensive. Tetraploid and triploid plants produce fewer seeds/fruit, and triploid embryos have a harder seed coat and are generally weaker than diploid seeds. In this study, we propagated tetraploid and triploid watermelons by grafting cuttings onto gourd rootstock (C. maxima × C. mochata). We used three different scions: the apical meristem (AM), one-node (1N), and two-node (2N) branches of diploid, triploid, and tetraploid watermelon plants. We then evaluated the effects of grafting on plant survival, some biochemical traits, oxidants, antioxidants, and hormone levels at different time points. We found significant differences between the polyploid watermelons when the 1N was used as a scion. Tetraploid watermelons had the highest survival rates and the highest levels of hormones, carbohydrates, and antioxidant activity compared to diploid watermelons, which may explain the high compatibility of tetraploid watermelons and the deterioration of the graft zone in diploid watermelons. Our results show that hormone production and enzyme activity with high carbohydrate content, particularly in the 2-3 days after transplantation, contribute to a high survival rate. Sugar application resulted in increased carbohydrate accumulation in the grafted combination. This study also presents an alternative and cost-effective approach to producing more tetraploid and triploid watermelon plants for breeding and seed production by using branches as sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Omar Kaseb
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou, 450009, China.
- Cross Pollenated Plants Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12611, Egypt.
| | - Muhammad Jawad Umer
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology/Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ICR, CAAS), Anyang, 455000, China
| | - Xuqiang Lu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Nan He
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Muhammad Anees
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou, 450009, China
| | - Eman El-Remaly
- Cross Pollenated Plants Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12611, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Fathy Yousef
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Ehab A A Salama
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, TNAU, Coimbatore, 641003, India
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Wenge Liu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou, 450009, China.
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12
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Shi J, Jiang M, Wang H, Luo Z, Guo Y, Chen Y, Zhao X, Qiang S, Strasser RJ, Kalaji HM, Chen S. Effects of Mycotoxin Fumagillin, Mevastatin, Radicicol, and Wortmannin on Photosynthesis of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:plants12030665. [PMID: 36771749 PMCID: PMC9920790 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are one of the most important sources for the discovery of new pesticides and drugs because of their chemical structural diversity and fascinating bioactivity as well as unique novel targets. Here, the effects of four mycotoxins, fumagillin, mevastatin, radicicol, and wortmannin, on photosynthesis were investigated to identify their precise sites of action on the photosynthetic apparatus of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Our results showed that these four mycotoxins have multiple targets, acting mainly on photosystem II (PSII). Their mode of action is similar to that of diuron, inhibiting electron flow beyond the primary quinone electron acceptor (QA) by binding to the secondary quinone electron acceptor (QB) site of the D1 protein, thereby affecting photosynthesis. The results of PSII oxygen evolution rate and chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence imaging suggested that fumagillin strongly inhibited overall PSII activity; the other three toxins also exhibited a negative influence at the high concentration. Chl a fluorescence kinetics and the JIP test showed that the inhibition of electron transport beyond QA was the most significant feature of the four mycotoxins. Fumagillin decreased the rate of O2 evolution by interrupting electron transfer on the PSII acceptor side, and had multiple negative effects on the primary photochemical reaction and PSII antenna size. Mevastatin caused a decrease in photosynthetic activity, mainly due to the inhibition of electron transport. Both radicicol and wortmannin decreased photosynthetic efficiency, mainly by inhibiting the electron transport efficiency of the PSII acceptor side and the activity of the PSII reaction centers. In addition, radicicol reduced the primary photochemical reaction efficiency and antenna size. The simulated molecular model of the four mycotoxins' binding to C. reinhardtii D1 protein indicated that the residue D1-Phe265 is their common site at the QB site. This is a novel target site different from those of commercial PSII herbicides. Thus, the interesting effects of the four mycotoxins on PSII suggested that they provide new ideas for the design of novel and efficient herbicide molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Shi
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Mengyun Jiang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - He Wang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yanjing Guo
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhao
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Sheng Qiang
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Reto Jörg Strasser
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Bioenergetics Laboratory, University of Geneva, CH-1254 Jussy, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shiguo Chen
- Weed Research Laboratory, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Correspondence:
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13
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Masarmi AG, Solouki M, Fakheri B, Kalaji HM, Mahgdingad N, Golkari S, Telesiński A, Lamlom SF, Kociel H, Yousef AF. Comparing the salinity tolerance of twenty different wheat genotypes on the basis of their physiological and biochemical parameters under NaCl stress. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282606. [PMID: 37000787 PMCID: PMC10065278 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The climate has drastically changed over the past two decades. Rising temperatures and climate change may lead to increased evapotranspiration, specifically soil evaporation, causing water to evaporate and salt to accumulate in the soil, resulting in increased soil salinity. As a result, there is a need to evaluate methods for predicting and monitoring the effects of salinity on crop growth and production through rapid screening. Our study was conducted on 20 wheat genotypes, 10 sensitive and 10 tolerant, exposed to two salinity levels (90 and 120 mM NaCl) with the control under greenhouse conditions. Our results revealed significant differences in the genotypes' response to salinity. Salt stress decreased chlorophyll index in sensitive genotypes but increased chlorophyll a and carotenoids in tolerant genotypes at 90 mM. Salt stress also increased protein, proline, lipoxygenase, and reactive thiobarbituric acid levels in all wheat genotypes. The study suggests that plant photosynthetic efficiency is a reliable, non-destructive biomarker for determining the salt tolerance of wheat genotypes, while other biochemical traits are destructive and time-consuming and therefore not suitable for rapid screening.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - M Solouki
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - B Fakheri
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
| | - N Mahgdingad
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - S Golkari
- Agriculture Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Dryland Agriculture Research Institute (DARI), Maragheh, Iran
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Sobhi F Lamlom
- Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Plant Production Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Fathy Yousef
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, Egypt
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14
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Swoczyna T, Kalaji HM, Bussotti F, Mojski J, Pollastrini M. Environmental stress - what can we learn from chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis in woody plants? A review. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1048582. [PMID: 36589121 PMCID: PMC9795016 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1048582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChF) signal analysis has become a widely used and rapid, non-invasive technique to study the photosynthetic process under stress conditions. It monitors plant responses to various environmental factors affecting plants under experimental and field conditions. Thus, it enables extensive research in ecology and benefits forestry, agriculture, horticulture, and arboriculture. Woody plants, especially trees, as organisms with a considerable life span, have a different life strategy than herbaceous plants and show more complex responses to stress. The range of changes in photosynthetic efficiency of trees depends on their age, ontogeny, species-specific characteristics, and acclimation ability. This review compiles the results of the most commonly used ChF techniques at the foliar scale. We describe the results of experimental studies to identify stress factors that affect photosynthetic efficiency and analyse the experience of assessing tree vigour in natural and human-modified environments. We discuss both the circumstances under which ChF can be successfully used to assess woody plant health and the ChF parameters that can be useful in field research. Finally, we summarise the advantages and limitations of the ChF method in research on trees, shrubs, and woody vines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Swoczyna
- Department of Environment Protection and Dendrology, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Filippo Bussotti
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Jacek Mojski
- Twój Swiat Jacek Mojski, Łukow, Poland
- Fundacja Zielona Infrastruktura, Łukow, Poland
| | - Martina Pollastrini
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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15
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Siddiqui MH, Kalaji HM, Zhang Z, Ma X. Nanoparticles in environment and plant system: A boon or bane. Chemosphere 2022; 308:136320. [PMID: 36075359 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Multidisciplinary Research Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, P. O. Box 918, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xingmao Ma
- Zachry Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, United States
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16
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Javaid MM, Florentine S, Mahmood A, Wasaya A, Javed T, Sattar A, Sarwar N, Kalaji HM, Ahmad HB, Worbel J, Ahmed MAA, Telesiński A, Mojski J. Interactive effect of elevated CO 2 and drought on physiological traits of Datura stramonium. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:929378. [PMID: 36388510 PMCID: PMC9644026 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.929378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Rising atmospheric CO2 concentrations are known to influence the response of many plants under drought. This paper aimed to measure the leaf gas exchange, water use efficiency, carboxylation efficiency, and photosystem II (PS II) activity of Datura stramonium under progressive drought conditions, along with ambient conditions of 400 ppm (aCO2) and elevated conditions of 700 ppm (eCO2). Plants of D. stramonium were grown at 400 ppm and 700 ppm under 100 and 60% field capacity in a laboratory growth chamber. For 10 days at two-day intervals, photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, intercellular CO2 concentration, water use efficiency, intrinsic water use efficiency, instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, PSII activity, electron transport rate, and photochemical quenching were measured. While drought stress had generally negative effects on the aforementioned physiological traits of D. stramonium, it was found that eCO2 concentration mitigated the adverse effects of drought and most of the physiological parameters were sustained with increasing drought duration when compared to that with aCO2. D. stramonium, which was grown under drought conditions, was re-watered on day 8 and indicated a partial recovery in all the parameters except maximum fluorescence, with this recovery being higher with eCO2 compared to aCO2. These results suggest that elevated CO2 mitigates the adverse growth effects of drought, thereby enhancing the adaptive mechanism of this weed by improving its water use efficiency. It is concluded that this weed has the potential to take advantage of climate change by increasing its competitiveness with other plants in drought-prone areas, suggesting that it could expand into new localities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Singarayer Florentine
- Future Regions Research Centre, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, VIC, Australia
| | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Allah Wasaya
- College of Agriculture, BZU, Bahadur Sub Campus, Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Abdul Sattar
- College of Agriculture, BZU, Bahadur Sub Campus, Layyah, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Sarwar
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Hafiz Bashir Ahmad
- Department of Forestry, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Jacek Worbel
- Department of Bioenegineering, West Pomerania, University of Technology Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mohammed A. A. Ahmed
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture-Medicinal and Aromatic Plants), Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioenegineering, West Pomerania, University of Technology Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jacek Mojski
- Twój Swiat Jacek Mojski, Lukow, Poland
- Fundacja Zielona Infrastruktura, Lukow, Poland
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17
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Guiamba HDSS, Zhang X, Sierka E, Lin K, Ali MM, Ali WM, Lamlom SF, Kalaji HM, Telesiński A, Yousef AF, Xu Y. Enhancement of photosynthesis efficiency and yield of strawberry ( Fragaria ananassa Duch.) plants via LED systems. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:918038. [PMID: 36161001 PMCID: PMC9507429 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.918038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to advances in the industrial development of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), much research has been conducted in recent years to get a better understanding of how plants respond to these light sources. This study investigated the effects of different LED-based light regimes on strawberry plant development and performance. The photosynthetic pigment content, biochemical constituents, and growth characteristics of strawberry plants were investigated using a combination of different light intensities (150, 200, and 250 μmol m-2 s-1), qualities (red, green, and blue LEDs), and photoperiods (14/10 h, 16/8 h, and 12/12 h light/dark cycles) compared to the same treatment with white fluorescent light. Plant height, root length, shoot fresh and dry weight, chlorophyll a, total chlorophyll/carotenoid content, and most plant yield parameters were highest when illuminated with LM7 [intensity (250 μmol m-2 s-1) + quality (70% red/30% blue LED light combination) + photoperiod (16/8 h light/dark cycles)]. The best results for the effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry Y(II), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), and electron transport ratio (ETR) were obtained with LM8 illumination [intensity (250 μmol m-2 s-1) + quality (50% red/20% green/30% blue LED light combination) + photoperiod (12 h/12 h light/dark cycles)]. We conclude that strawberry plants require prolonged and high light intensities with a high red-light component for maximum performance and biomass production.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Edyta Sierka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Kui Lin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Waleed M. Ali
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Sobhi F. Lamlom
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ahmed Fathy Yousef
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Yong Xu
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Computer Science and Mathematics, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China
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18
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Afzal I, Akram M, Javed T, Ali F, Kalaji HM, Wróbel J, Telesiński A, Mojski J, Ahmed MAA. Quantifying the germination response of Parthenium hysterophorus at various temperatures and water potentials by using population-based threshold model. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:961378. [PMID: 36035688 PMCID: PMC9399799 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.961378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Predicting the germination behavior of parthenium weed against different conditions of temperature and osmotic stress is helpful for studying the growth and development history of parthenium in different ecological contexts. Sustainable weed control strategies based on population-based threshold (PBT) models are profitable tools for crop planting date, herbicide application, and tillage operation time. To predict the emergence of parthenium by using thermal time (TT), hydrotime (HT), and hydrothermal time (HTT) analyses, seeds were exposed to varying constant temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40°C) and water potentials (- 0.25, - 0.5, - 0.75, and - 1.0 MPa) under a controlled environment. Parthenium seeds showed better responses in terms of higher germination percentage and lower germination time at 20 and 25°C. The use of the germination modeling approach proposed the base temperature (7.2°C), optimum temperature (20°C), and ceiling temperature (42.8°C) for this weed. Moreover, germination behavior was also studied at different water potentials under different temperature regimes (10, 20, and 30°C). The HTT model predicted higher germination percentages (82.8 and 54.8%) of parthenium seeds at water potentials from 0 to -0.25 MPa, respectively, under a temperature of 20°C, and also identified a base water potential (Ψb(50) of - 0.54 MPa for germination. In conclusion, the use of the HTT modeling approach is helpful for predicting the emergence response of parthenium in a changing climate and ultimately supportive in time scheduling of parthenium weed management in cropping systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irfan Afzal
- Seed Physiology Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Akram
- Seed Physiology Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Talha Javed
- Seed Physiology Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Faryal Ali
- Seed Physiology Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Jacek Wróbel
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jacek Mojski
- Twój Swiat Jacek Mojski, Lukow, Poland
- Fundacja Zielona Infrastruktura, Lukow, Poland
| | - Mohamed A. A. Ahmed
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture - Medicinal and Aromatic Plants), Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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19
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Singh D, Singh CK, Siddiqui MH, Alamri S, Sarkar SK, Rathore A, Prasad SK, Singh D, Sharma NL, Kalaji HM, Brysiewicz A. Hydrogen Sulfide and Silicon Together Alleviate Chromium (VI) Toxicity by Modulating Morpho-Physiological and Key Antioxidant Defense Systems in Chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.) Varieties. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:963394. [PMID: 35971511 PMCID: PMC9374685 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.963394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Extensive use of chromium (Cr) in anthropogenic activities leads to Cr toxicity in plants causing serious threat to the environment. Cr toxicity impairs plant growth, development, and metabolism. In the present study, we explored the effect of NaHS [a hydrogen sulfide; (H2S), donor] and silicon (Si), alone or in combination, on two chickpea (Cicer arietinum) varieties (Pusa 2085 and Pusa Green 112), in pot conditions under Cr stress. Cr stress increased accumulation of Cr reduction of the plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase activity and decreased in photosynthetic pigments, essential minerals, relative water contents (RWC), and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in both the varieties. Exogenous application of NaHS and Si on plants exposed to Cr stress mitigated the effect of Cr and enhanced the physiological and biochemical parameters by reducing Cr accumulation and oxidative stress in roots and leaves. The interactive effects of NaHS and Si showed a highly significant and positive correlation with PM H+-ATPase activity, photosynthetic pigments, essential minerals, RWC, proline content, and enzymatic antioxidant activities (catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, superoxide dismutase, and monodehydroascorbate reductase). A similar trend was observed for non-enzymatic antioxidant activities (ascorbic acid, glutathione, oxidized glutathione, and dehydroascorbic acid level) in leaves while oxidative damage in roots and leaves showed a negative correlation. Exogenous application of NaHS + Si could enhance Cr stress tolerance in chickpea and field studies are warranted for assessing crop yield under Cr-affected area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Singh
- Department of Botany, Meerut College, Meerut, India
| | - Chandan Kumar Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Manzer H. Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Susheel Kumar Sarkar
- Division of Design of Experiments (DE), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, ICAR Library Avenue, Pusa, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhishek Rathore
- Regional Breeding Informatics Lead, Excellence in Breeding Platform (EiB)-CIMMYT Building ICRISAT Campus, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Saroj Kumar Prasad
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Dharmendra Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Brysiewicz
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
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20
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Ali S, Nawaz A, Naz S, Ejaz S, Maqbool M, Siddiqui MH, Kalaji HM, Wróbel J, Telesiński A, Auriga A. Hydrogen Sulfide Mitigates Chilling Injury of Postharvest Banana Fruits by Regulating γ-Aminobutyric Acid Shunt Pathway and Ascorbate-Glutathione Cycle. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:941246. [PMID: 35873965 PMCID: PMC9298405 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.941246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of hydrogen sulfide on chilling injury (CI) of banana (Musa spp.) during cold storage (7°C). It was observed that hydrogen sulfide application (2 mmol L-1) markedly reduced the CI index and showed significantly higher chlorophyll contents, along with suppressed chlorophyll peroxidase and chlorophyllase enzyme activity. The treated banana fruits exhibited substantially higher peel lightness (L*), along with significantly a lower browning degree and soluble quinone content. The treated bananas had substantially a higher endogenous hydrogen sulfide content and higher activity of its biosynthesis-associated enzymes such as D-cysteine desulfhydrase (DCD) and L-cysteine desulfhydrase (LCD), along with significantly lower ion leakage, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide, and superoxide anion concentrations. Hydrogen sulfide-treated banana fruits showed an increased proline content and proline metabolism-associated enzymes including ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), and proline dehydrogenase (PDH). In the same way, hydrogen sulfide-fumigated banana fruits accumulated higher endogenous γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) due to enhanced activity of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and GABA transaminase (GABA-T) enzymes. The hydrogen sulfide-treated fruits exhibited higher total phenolics owing to lower polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activity and stimulated phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL). The treated banana exhibited higher ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, along with higher glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) concentrations and a significantly lower dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) content. In conclusion, hydrogen sulfide treatment could be utilized for CI alleviation of banana fruits during cold storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Nawaz
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Safina Naz
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Shaghef Ejaz
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Mehdi Maqbool
- Department of Horticulture, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Rawalakot, Pakistan
| | - Manzer H. Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Wróbel
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Alicja Auriga
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Zoology, Faculty of Biotechnoology and Animal Husbandary, West Pomeranin University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
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21
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Guo T, Gull S, Ali MM, Yousef AF, Ercisli S, Kalaji HM, Telesiński A, Auriga A, Wróbel J, Radwan NS, Ghareeb RY. Heat stress mitigation in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) through foliar application of gibberellic acid. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11324. [PMID: 35790780 PMCID: PMC9256751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15590-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytohormones mediate physiological, morphological, and enzymatic responses and are important regulators of plant growth and development at different stages. Even though temperature is one of the most important abiotic stressors for plant development and production, a spike in the temperature may have disastrous repercussions for crop performance. Physiology and growth of two tomato genotypes ('Ahmar' and 'Roma') were studied in two growth chambers (25 and 45 °C) when gibberellic acid (GA3) was applied exogenously. After the 45 days of planting, tomato plants were sprayed with GA3 at concentrations of 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg L−1, whereas untreated plants were kept as control. Under both temperature conditions, shoot and root biomass was greatest in 'Roma' plants receiving 75 mg L−1 GA3, followed by 50 mg L−1 GA3. Maximum CO2 index, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and greenness index were recorded in 'Roma' plants cultivated at 25 °C, demonstrating good effects of GA3 on tomato physiology. Likewise, GA3 enhanced the proline, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels in the leaves of both genotypes at both temperatures. Foliar-sprayed GA3 up to 100 mg L−1 alleviated the oxidative stress, as inferred from the lower concentrations of MDA and H2O2, and boosted the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, catalase. The difference between control and GA3-treated heat-stressed plants suggests that GA3 may have a function in mitigating heat stress. Overall, our findings indicate that 75 mg L−1 of GA3 is the optimal dosage to reduce heat stress in tomatoes and improve their morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxin Guo
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shaista Gull
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 66000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| | - Ahmed Fathy Yousef
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Now-oursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 17 Słowackiego Street, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Alicja Auriga
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Zoology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Animal Husbandry, West Pomeranian University in Szczecin, Janickiego Str. 33, 71-270, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jacek Wróbel
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 17 Słowackiego Street, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Nagy S Radwan
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
| | - Rehab Y Ghareeb
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Borg El-Arab, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
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22
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Shah AA, Shah AN, Bilal Tahir M, Abbas A, Javad S, Ali S, Rizwan M, Alotaibi SS, Kalaji HM, Telesinski A, Javed T, AbdElgawad H. Harzianopyridone Supplementation Reduced Chromium Uptake and Enhanced Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Vigna radiata Seedlings Exposed to Chromium Toxicity. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:881561. [PMID: 35860543 PMCID: PMC9290437 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.881561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study explains the scarce information on the role of harzianopyridone (HZRP) in the alleviation of chromium (Cr) stress alleviation in Vigna radiata (L.). To this end, V. radiata seedlings primed with HZRP at 1 and 2 ppm were exposed to 50 mg kg-1 Cr for 30 days. Cr stress reduced growth, chlorophyll (Chl) content, net photosynthetic rate, gas-exchange attributes along with enhanced oxidative damages, i.e., electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Application of HZRP enhanced intercellular carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, stomatal conductance, and net photosynthetic rate with decreased activity of the chlorophyllase (Chlase) enzyme in V. radiata seedlings exposed to Cr stressed conditions. To maintain Cr-induced oxidative damages, HZRP treatment increased the levels of antioxidant metabolites (phenolic and flavonoids) and the activity of antioxidative enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD)] in V. radiata seedlings grown in normal and Cr-polluted potted soil. In addition to this, glycine betaine content was also increased in plants grown in Cr-contaminated soil. It is proposed the potential role of supplementation of HZRP in mitigating Cr stress. Further research should be conducted to evaluate the potential of HZRP in the mitigation of abiotic stresses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Tahir
- Department of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Asad Abbas
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesinski
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian, University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fijian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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Lotfi R, Abbasi A, Kalaji HM, Eskandari I, Sedghieh V, Khorsandi H, Sadeghian N, Yadav S, Rastogi A. The role of potassium on drought resistance of winter wheat cultivars under cold dryland conditions: Probed by chlorophyll a fluorescence. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 182:45-54. [PMID: 35462197 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K) is an important cation that regulates plant metabolism. Therefore the effect of different concentrations of potassium (0, 75, 150 kg ha-1 K2SO4) on photosynthesis efficiency of three winter wheat cultivars (Baran, Homa, Hashtrud) was investigated during the growing seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 under cold dryland conditions in Maragheh, Iran. Accumulation of potassium ion (K+) was observed to be increased with an increase in the concentration of K2SO4. With an increase in K+ the Hashtrud cultivar was observed to have more relative water content (RWC), normalized differential vegetation index (NDVI), and stomatal conductance (gs) than other cultivars. This resulted in a higher grain yield for the Hashtrud cultivar. RWC (R2 = 0.97), NDVI (R2 = 0.96), and gs (R2 = 0.92) had a positive relationship with KUE (grain yield/unit of K fertilizer used), especially in dryer years. K deficiency induced hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in plants. The application of K increased superoxide dismutases and reduced abscisic acid, to maintain the plants' stomatal conductance. Chlorophyll a fluorescence (ChlF) and the calculation of double normalized relative variable fluorescence reveal detailed information's about the response of wheat plants to K application under dryland conditions. The application of a high concentration of K (150 kg ha-1 K2SO4) on Hashtrud plants had a beneficial effect on the ChlF efficiency at different OJIP phases (KJ and JI). We found the efficiency of ChlF at the ΔWK-I phase with the values of FV/FO and PIABS improved with the application of 150 kg ha-1 K2SO4 and can be correlated with total yield improvement. These observations indicated that the application of a high concentration of K in stressed conditions for dryland areas could improve photosynthetic efficiency and wheat plant performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Lotfi
- Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Amin Abbasi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Maragheh University, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland; Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iraj Eskandari
- Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh, Iran
| | - Vahid Sedghieh
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Maragheh University, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Hadi Khorsandi
- Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh, Iran
| | - Nasrin Sadeghian
- Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Maragheh, Iran
| | - Saurabh Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal (Central) University, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand, 246174, India
| | - Anshu Rastogi
- Laboratory of Bioclimatology, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Piątkowska 94, 60-649, Poznan, Poland; Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7500, AE Enschede, the Netherlands.
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24
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Malekzadeh Shamsabad MR, Esmaeilizadeh M, Roosta HR, Dąbrowski P, Telesiński A, Kalaji HM. Supplemental light application can improve the growth and development of strawberry plants under salinity and alkalinity stress conditions. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9272. [PMID: 35661116 PMCID: PMC9166788 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12925-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of complementary light spectra is a potential new approach to studying the increase in plant resilience under stress conditions. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect of different spectra of complementary light on the growth and development of strawberry plants under salinity and alkalinity stress conditions. Plants were grown in the greenhouse under ambient light and irradiated with blue (460 nm), red (660 nm), blue/red (1:3), and white/yellow (400–700 nm) light during the developmental stages. The stress treatments were as follows: control (non-stress), alkalinity (40 mM NaHCO3), and salinity (80 mM NaCl). Our results showed that salinity and alkalinity stress decreased fresh and dry weights and the number of green leaves, and increased chlorotic, tip burn, and dry leaves. The blue and red spectra had a greater effect on reducing the effects of stress compared to other spectra. Stress conditions decreased SPAD and RWC, although blue light increased SPAD, and blue/red light increased RWC under stress conditions. Blue/red and white/yellow light had the greatest effect on reproductive traits. Stress conditions affected fruit color indicators, and red and blue light had the most significant effect on these traits. Under stress conditions, sodium uptake increased, while K, Ca, Mg, and Fe uptake decreased, markedly. Blue and red light and their combination alleviated this reducing effect of stress. It can be concluded that the effects of salinity and alkalinity stresses can be reduced by manipulating the supplemental light spectrum. The use of artificial light can be extended to stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Majid Esmaeilizadeh
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Kerman, 7718817111, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Roosta
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran.
| | - Piotr Dąbrowski
- Department of Environmental Development, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska str. 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 17 Słowackiego Street, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Science, 159 Nowoursynowska St., 02-776, Warsaw, Poland. .,Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland.
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25
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Nisar MS, Ali S, Hussain T, Ramzan H, Niaz Y, Haq IU, Akhtar F, Alwahibi MS, Elshikh MS, Kalaji HM, Telesiński A, Ahmed MAA, Mackled MI. Toxic and repellent impacts of botanical oils against Callosobruchus maculatus (Bruchidae: Coleoptera) in stored cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0267987. [PMID: 35605009 PMCID: PMC9126374 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is an important legume which is consumed globally for protein intake, particularly in Asian states. It is a well-known source of dietary fiber, protein, minerals, and vitamins. The cowpea grains are stored after harvest and used till the next harvest. However, the grains are infested by storage pests, primarily Callosobruchus maculatus. Hence, effective management strategies are needed to protect the stored grains form the pests. This study assessed the efficacy of some edible oils in suppressing C. maculatus infestation in stored cowpea grains. Four different botanical oils (i.e., mustard, neem, poppy, and pumpkin) at four different concentrations (i.e., 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 ml per 100 g grain) were included in the study. A control treatment without any botanical oil was also included for comparison. The relevant concentrations of botanical oils were poured into plastic containers containing 100 g cowpea grains and ten C. maculatus adults were released. The jars were sealed and placed at room temperature. Data relating to mortality, oviposition, F1 adult emergence, and seed weight loss were recorded. The tested botanical oils and their concentrations significantly affected mortality after one day. Mortality after 2nd and 3rd days remained unaffected by botanical oils and their different concentrations. The highest mortality was recorded in neem oil-treated grains followed by poppy, pumpkin, and mustard oils. Increased oviposition rate was observed in the grains treated with mustard and pumpkin oils, while those treated with neem and poppy oil recorded decreased oviposition. The control treatment had increased oviposition rate compared to tested botanical oils. All botanical oils significantly inhibited egg laying percentage. The highest germination was recorded for the grains treated with mustard oil followed by pumpkin, poppy, and neem oils, respectively. The lowest germination was recorded for control treatment. Significant differences were noted for C. maculatus repellency among botanical oils. No emergence of adults (F1 progeny) was recorded in all tested botanical oils; thus, F1 progeny was inhibited by 100%. Weight loss, damage percentage, and holes in the grains were not recorded since F1 progeny did not emerge. It is concluded that tested botanical oils are promising and could be utilized to control C. maculatus in cowpea grains during storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shahid Nisar
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Shahbaz Ali
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Tassaduq Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Ramzan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Niaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Inzamam Ul Haq
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Lanzhou, China
| | - Faiza Akhtar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Mona S. Alwahibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S. Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Falenty, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Mohamed A. A. Ahmed
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture - Medicinal and Aromatic Plants), Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Marwa I. Mackled
- Department of Stored Product Pests, Plant Protection Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Sabahia, Alexandria, Egypt
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26
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Zaheer MS, Ali HH, Iqbal MA, Erinle KO, Javed T, Iqbal J, Hashmi MIU, Mumtaz MZ, Salama EAA, Kalaji HM, Wróbel J, Dessoky ES. Cytokinin Production by Azospirillum brasilense Contributes to Increase in Growth, Yield, Antioxidant, and Physiological Systems of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Front Microbiol 2022; 13:886041. [PMID: 35663903 PMCID: PMC9161363 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.886041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria are known to associate with several cereal crops. The rhizobacterium exerts its function by synthesizing diverse arrays of phytohormones, such as cytokinin (Ck). However, it is difficult to determine the plant growth promotion when a bacterium produces many different kinds of phytohormones. Therefore, to assess the involvement of Ck in growth promotion and activation of antioxidant and physiological systems, we set up this experiment. Wheat seeds (Triticum aestivum L.) were inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense RA−17 (which produces zeatin type Ck) and RA−18 (which failed to produce Ck). Results showed that seed inoculation with RA−17 significantly improved growth and yield-related parameters compared with RA−18. The activity of enzymes, proline contents, and endogenous hormonal levels in wheat kernels were improved considerably with RA−17 than with RA−18. Strain RA−17 enhanced grain assimilation more than strain RA−18 resulting in a higher crop yield. These results suggest that microbial Ck production may be necessary for stimulating plant growth promotion and activating antioxidant and physiological systems in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saqlain Zaheer
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Muhammad Saqlain Zaheer
| | - Hafiz Haider Ali
- Sustainable Development Study Center (SDSC), Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
- Hafiz Haider Ali
| | | | - Kehinde O. Erinle
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Javaid Iqbal
- Department of Entomology, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef (MNU) University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Makhdoom Ibad Ullah Hashmi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahid Mumtaz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ehab A. A. Salama
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Jacek Wróbel
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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Kumar R, Pareek NK, Kumar U, Javed T, Al-Huqail AA, Rathore VS, Nangia V, Choudhary A, Nanda G, Ali HM, Siddiqui MH, Youesf AF, Telesiński A, Kalaji HM. Coupling Effects of Nitrogen and Irrigation Levels on Growth Attributes, Nitrogen Use Efficiency, and Economics of Cotton. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:890181. [PMID: 35651778 PMCID: PMC9149569 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.890181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) fertilization plays a pivotal role in physiomorphological attributes and yield formation of field-grown cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), but little is known of its interaction with irrigation levels. Therefore, this study was conducted with an objective of evaluating the impact of irrigation and nitrogen levels on growth attributes and nitrogen use efficiency of Bt cotton (Gossypium spp.) in the hot arid region. The experiment consisted of a factorial arrangement of three irrigation levels (200, 400, and 600 mm) and four nitrogen rates (0, 75, 150, and 225 kg ha-1) in a split-plot design with three replications. Nitrogen fertilization and irrigation levels influenced cotton growth attributes and yield. The highest leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, and relative growth rate were achieved at 225 kg N ha-1 and irrigation level 600 mm as compared to other experimental treatments. Similarly, nitrogen uptake and content by seed, lint, and stalk and total nitrogen uptake recorded maximum at 225 kg N ha-1 and irrigation level 600 mm. Interestingly, the treatment of 600 mm of irrigation and 150 kg N ha-1 displayed significant increase in nitrogen use efficiency indices such as agronomic efficiency of nitrogen (AEN) and recovery efficiency of nitrogen (REN), while partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFPN) and internal nitrogen use efficiency (iNUE) were significantly higher with application of 600 mm of irrigation and nitrogen application rate of 75 kg ha-1. Application of 600 mm of irrigation along with 225 kg N ha-1 resulted in significant increase in gross return, net return, and B:C ratio than any other treatment combinations. So, application of 600 mm of irrigation along with 225 kg N ha-1 could be recommended for achieving higher growth and yield, as well as profitability of Bt cotton under hot arid region and similar agroecologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar
- College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University (SKRAU), Bikaner, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Pareek
- College of Agriculture, Swami Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University (SKRAU), Bikaner, India
| | - Uttam Kumar
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma A. Al-Huqail
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Vinay Nangia
- International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Gangadhar Nanda
- Animal Production Research Institute, Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, India
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzer H. Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed F. Youesf
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar, Asyut, Egypt
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
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Stachurska J, Rys M, Pociecha E, Kalaji HM, Dąbrowski P, Oklestkova J, Jurczyk B, Janeczko A. Deacclimation-Induced Changes of Photosynthetic Efficiency, Brassinosteroid Homeostasis and BRI1 Expression in Winter Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.)—Relation to Frost Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095224. [PMID: 35563614 PMCID: PMC9102500 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to answer the question of how the deacclimation process affects frost tolerance, photosynthetic efficiency, brassinosteroid (BR) homeostasis and BRI1 expression of winter oilseed rape. A comparative study was conducted on cultivars with different agronomic and physiological traits. The deacclimation process can occur when there are periods of higher temperatures, particularly in the late autumn or winter. This interrupts the process of the acclimation (hardening) of winter crops to low temperatures, thus reducing their frost tolerance and becoming a serious problem for agriculture. The experimental model included plants that were non-acclimated, cold acclimated (at 4 ∘C) and deacclimated (at 16 ∘C/9 ∘C, one week). We found that deacclimation tolerance (maintaining a high frost tolerance despite warm deacclimating periods) was a cultivar-dependent trait. Some of the cultivars developed a high frost tolerance after cold acclimation and maintained it after deacclimation. However, there were also cultivars that had a high frost tolerance after cold acclimation but lost some of it after deacclimation (the cultivars that were more susceptible to deacclimation). Deacclimation reversed the changes in the photosystem efficiency that had been induced by cold acclimation, and therefore, measuring the different signals associated with photosynthetic efficiency (based on prompt and delayed chlorophyll fluorescence) of plants could be a sensitive tool for monitoring the deacclimation process (and possible changes in frost tolerance) in oilseed rape. Higher levels of BR were characteristic of the better frost-tolerant cultivars in both the cold-acclimated and deacclimated plants. The relative expression of the BRI1 transcript (encoding the BR-receptor protein) was lower after cold acclimation and remained low in the more frost-tolerant cultivars after deacclimation. The role of brassinosteroids in oilseed rape acclimation/deacclimation is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Stachurska
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (J.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Magdalena Rys
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (J.S.); (M.R.)
| | - Ewa Pociecha
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Podłużna 3, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (E.P.); (B.J.)
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland;
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-766 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Dąbrowski
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, 02-766 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jana Oklestkova
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Faculty of Science, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Palacký University, Šlechtitelu 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic;
| | - Barbara Jurczyk
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Podłużna 3, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (E.P.); (B.J.)
| | - Anna Janeczko
- The Franciszek Górski Institute of Plant Physiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 21, 30-239 Kraków, Poland; (J.S.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Kaseb MO, Umer MJ, Anees M, Zhu H, Zhao S, Lu X, He N, El-Remaly E, El-Eslamboly A, Yousef AF, Salama EAA, Alrefaei AF, Kalaji HM, Liu W. Transcriptome Profiling to Dissect the Role of Genome Duplication on Graft Compatibility Mechanisms in Watermelon. Biology (Basel) 2022; 11:575. [PMID: 35453774 PMCID: PMC9029962 DOI: 10.3390/biology11040575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) is a popular crop worldwide. Compared to diploid seeded watermelon, triploid seedless watermelon cultivars are in great demand. Grafting in triploid and tetraploid watermelon produces few seedlings. To learn more about how genome duplication affects graft compatibility, we compared the transcriptomes of tetraploid and diploid watermelons grafted on squash rootstock using a splicing technique. WGCNA was used to compare the expression of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between diploid and tetraploid watermelon grafted seedlings at 0, 3, and 15 days after grafting (DAG). Only four gene networks/modules correlated significantly with phenotypic characteristics. We found 11 genes implicated in hormone, AOX, and starch metabolism in these modules based on intramodular significance and RT-qPCR. Among these genes, two were linked with IAA (r2 = 0.81), one with ZR (r2 = 0.85) and one with POD (r2 = 0.74). In the MElightsteelblue1 module, Cla97C11G224830 gene was linked with CAT (r2 = 0.81). Two genes from the MEivory module, Cla97C07G139710 and Cla97C04G077300, were highly linked with SOD (r2 = 0.72). Cla97C01G023850 and Cla97C01G006680 from the MEdarkolivegreen module were associated with sugars and starch (r2 = 0.87). Tetraploid grafted seedlings had higher survival rates and hormone, AOX, sugar, and starch levels than diploids. We believe that compatibility is a complicated issue that requires further molecular research. We found that genome duplication dramatically altered gene expression in the grafted plants' IAA and ZR signal transduction pathways and AOX biosynthesis pathways, regulating hormone levels and improving plant survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Omar Kaseb
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (M.O.K.); (M.J.U.); (M.A.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (X.L.); (N.H.)
- Cross Pollenated Plants Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12119, Egypt; (E.E.-R.); (A.E.-E.)
| | - Muhammad Jawad Umer
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (M.O.K.); (M.J.U.); (M.A.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (X.L.); (N.H.)
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Muhammad Anees
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (M.O.K.); (M.J.U.); (M.A.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (X.L.); (N.H.)
| | - Hongju Zhu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (M.O.K.); (M.J.U.); (M.A.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (X.L.); (N.H.)
| | - Shengjie Zhao
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (M.O.K.); (M.J.U.); (M.A.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (X.L.); (N.H.)
| | - Xuqiang Lu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (M.O.K.); (M.J.U.); (M.A.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (X.L.); (N.H.)
| | - Nan He
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (M.O.K.); (M.J.U.); (M.A.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (X.L.); (N.H.)
| | - Eman El-Remaly
- Cross Pollenated Plants Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12119, Egypt; (E.E.-R.); (A.E.-E.)
| | - Ahmed El-Eslamboly
- Cross Pollenated Plants Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza 12119, Egypt; (E.E.-R.); (A.E.-E.)
| | - Ahmed F. Yousef
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University (Branch Assiut), Assiut 71524, Egypt;
| | - Ehab A. A. Salama
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21531, Egypt;
| | - Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 1145, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland;
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences–National Research Institute (ITP), 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
| | - Wenge Liu
- Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Fruits and Cucurbits Biological Science in South Asia, Zhengzhou 450009, China; (M.O.K.); (M.J.U.); (M.A.); (H.Z.); (S.Z.); (X.L.); (N.H.)
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Helaly MN, El-Hoseiny HM, Elsheery NI, Kalaji HM, de los Santos-Villalobos S, Wróbel J, Hassan IF, Gaballah MS, Abdelrhman LA, Mira AM, Alam-Eldein SM. 5-Aminolevulinic Acid and 24-Epibrassinolide Improve the Drought Stress Resilience and Productivity of Banana Plants. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:743. [PMID: 35336624 PMCID: PMC8949027 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth, development, and productivity are adversely affected under drought conditions. Previous findings indicated that 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) play an important role in the plant response to adverse environmental conditions. This study demonstrated the role of ALA and EBL on oxidative stress and photosynthetic capacity of drought-stressed 'Williams' banana grown under the Egyptian semi-arid conditions. Exogenous application of either ALA or EBL at concentrations of 15, 30, and 45 mg·L-1 significantly restored plant photosynthetic activity and increased productivity under reduced irrigation; this was equivalent to 75% of the plant's total water requirements. Both compounds significantly reduced drought-induced oxidative damages by increasing antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase 'SOD', catalase 'CAT', and peroxidase 'POD') and preserving chloroplast structure. Lipid peroxidation, electrolyte loss and free non-radical H2O2 formation in the chloroplast were noticeably reduced compared to the control, but chlorophyll content and photosynthetic oxygen evolution were increased. Nutrient uptake, auxin and cytokinin levels were also improved with the reduced abscisic acid levels. The results indicated that ALA and EBL could reduce the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and maintain the stability of the chloroplast membrane structure under drought stress. This study suggests that the use of ALA or EBL at 30 mg·L-1 can promote the growth, productivity and fruit quality of drought-stressed banana plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed N. Helaly
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Hanan M. El-Hoseiny
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Desert and Environmental Agriculture, Matrouh University, Fouka 51511, Egypt;
| | - Nabil I. Elsheery
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; or
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Falenty, Al.Hrabska 3, 05-090 Pruszków, Poland
| | | | - Jacek Wróbel
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Islam F. Hassan
- Water Relations and Field Irrigation Department, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, National Research Center, Giza 12622, Egypt; (I.F.H.); (M.S.G.)
| | - Maybelle S. Gaballah
- Water Relations and Field Irrigation Department, Agricultural and Biological Research Institute, National Research Center, Giza 12622, Egypt; (I.F.H.); (M.S.G.)
| | - Lamyaa A. Abdelrhman
- Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute (SWERI), Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Amany M. Mira
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Shamel M. Alam-Eldein
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
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Wang H, Guo Y, Luo Z, Gao L, Li R, Zhang Y, Kalaji HM, Qiang S, Chen S. Recent Advances in Alternaria Phytotoxins: A Review of Their Occurrence, Structure, Bioactivity and Biosynthesis. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8020168. [PMID: 35205922 PMCID: PMC8878860 DOI: 10.3390/jof8020168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternaria is a ubiquitous fungal genus in many ecosystems, consisting of species and strains that can be saprophytic, endophytic, or pathogenic to plants or animals, including humans. Alternaria species can produce a variety of secondary metabolites (SMs), especially low molecular weight toxins. Based on the characteristics of host plant susceptibility or resistance to the toxin, Alternaria phytotoxins are classified into host-selective toxins (HSTs) and non-host-selective toxins (NHSTs). These Alternaria toxins exhibit a variety of biological activities such as phytotoxic, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial properties. Generally, HSTs are toxic to host plants and can cause severe economic losses. Some NHSTs such as alternariol, altenariol methyl-ether, and altertoxins also show high cytotoxic and mutagenic activities in the exposed human or other vertebrate species. Thus, Alternaria toxins are meaningful for drug and pesticide development. For example, AAL-toxin, maculosin, tentoxin, and tenuazonic acid have potential to be developed as bioherbicides due to their excellent herbicidal activity. Like altersolanol A, bostrycin, and brefeldin A, they exhibit anticancer activity, and ATX V shows high activity to inhibit the HIV-1 virus. This review focuses on the classification, chemical structure, occurrence, bioactivity, and biosynthesis of the major Alternaria phytotoxins, including 30 HSTs and 50 NHSTs discovered to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Yanjing Guo
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Zhi Luo
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Liwen Gao
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Rui Li
- Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Ecology and Resource Protection Center, Ordos Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Bureau, Ordos 017010, China;
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
| | - Sheng Qiang
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
| | - Shiguo Chen
- Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (H.W.); (Y.G.); (Z.L.); (L.G.); (Y.Z.); (S.Q.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-84395117
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Ghani MI, Saleem S, Rather SA, Rehmani MS, Alamri S, Rajput VD, Kalaji HM, Saleem N, Sial TA, Liu M. Foliar application of zinc oxide nanoparticles: An effective strategy to mitigate drought stress in cucumber seedling by modulating antioxidant defense system and osmolytes accumulation. Chemosphere 2022; 289:133202. [PMID: 34890613 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a major environmental threat that affects plant growth and productivity. Strategies to mitigate the detrimental impacts of drought stress on plants are under scrutiny. Nanotechnology is considered an effective tool in resolving a wide range of environmental issues by offering novel and pragmatic solutions. A pot experiment was performed to determine the efficacy of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) as a foliar application (25 mg L-1 and 100 mg L-1) on the growth performance of cucumber subjected to drought stress. Applied ZnO NPs under normal conditions resulted in significant growth and biomass enhancement while reducing drought-induced decline. Photosynthetic pigments, photosynthesis, and PSII activity enhanced due to ZnO NPs application, attaining maximal values at 100 mg L-1 of ZnO NPs. Drought stress restricted growth and biomass buildup in cucumber seedlings by stimulating oxidative stress, which was manifested to excessive buildup of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and peroxidation, thereby decreasing membrane functioning. Plants exposed to ZnO NPs exhibited a reduction in ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation. The substantial reduction in oxidative damage was manifested with the enhancement of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant components. The phenol and mineral contents were reduced due to drought stress. In addition, the content of proline, glycine betaine, free amino acids, and sugars increased due to ZnO NPs under normal and drought conditions. Furthermore, the drought-induced decline in the content of phenol and mineral nutrients was mitigated by ZnO NPs foliar application. These findings reveal that exogenous ZnO NPs application may be a pragmatic option in dealing with the drought stress of cucumber seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Ghani
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Sana Saleem
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Shabir A Rather
- StateKey Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Muhammad Saad Rehmani
- School of Environment and Ecology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, 710129, China
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland; Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Noor Saleem
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Tanveer Ali Sial
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Mengyun Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Scientific Laboratory of Heyang Agricultural Environment and Farmland Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Northwest A&F University, Heyang, Shaanxi, 714000, China.
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Hamedalla AM, Ali MM, Ali WM, Ahmed MAA, Kaseb MO, Kalaji HM, Gajc-Wolska J, Yousef AF. Increasing the performance of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings by LED illumination. Sci Rep 2022; 12:852. [PMID: 35039577 PMCID: PMC8764046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04859-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Light is one of the most important limiting factors for photosynthesis and the production of plants, especially in the regions where natural environmental conditions do not provide sufficient sunlight, and there is a great dependence on artificial lighting to grow plants and produce food. The influence of light intensity, quality, and photoperiod on photosynthetic pigments content and some biochemical and growth traits of cucumber seedlings grown under controlled conditions was investigated. An orthogonal design based on a combination of different light irradiances, ratio of LEDs and photoperiods was used. Treaments consisted of three light irradiance regimes (80, 100, and 150 µmol m−2 s−1) provided by light-emitting diodes (LEDs) of different ratios of red and blue (R:B) (30:70, 50:50, and 70:30) and three different photoperiods (10/14, 12/12, and 14/10 h). The white light was used as a control/reference. Plant height, hypocotyl length, stem diameter, leaf area, and soluble sugar content were highest when exposed to LM9 (150 µmol m−2 s−1; R70:B30; 12/12 h) light mode, while the lowest values for the above parameters were obtained under LM1 (80 µmol m−2 s−1; R30:B70; 10/14 h). Higher pigments contents (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid) were obtained when light regime LM9 (150 µmol m−2 s−1; R70:B30; 12/12 h) was applied. In general, cucumber seedlings grown under the LM9 regime showed a significant increase in growth as well as photosynthetic capacity. It seems that the content of photosynthetic pigments is the key factor responsible for the performance of cucumber seedlings grown under different lighting modes, compared to other traits studied. We recommend monitoring the content of chlorophyll a, b, and their ratio value when studying the light requirement of cucumber plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohamed Hamedalla
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Waleed M Ali
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, 71524, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A A Ahmed
- Plant Production Department (Horticulture-Medicinal and Aromatic Plants), Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21531, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Omar Kaseb
- Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, 12119, Egypt
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Now-oursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.,Institute of Technology and Life Sciences (ITP), Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Janina Gajc-Wolska
- Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, 166 Nowoursynowska Street, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ahmed Fathy Yousef
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, 71524, Egypt.
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Siddiqui MH, Mukherjee S, Kumar R, Alansi S, Shah AA, Kalaji HM, Javed T, Raza A. Potassium and melatonin-mediated regulation of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) and sedoheptulose-1,7- bisphosphatase (SBPase) activity improve photosynthetic efficiency, carbon assimilation and modulate glyoxalase system accompanying tolerance to cadmium stress in tomato seedlings. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 171:49-65. [PMID: 34971955 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of the combined action of potassium (K) and melatonin (Mel) in modulating tolerance to cadmium (Cd) stress in plants is not well understood. The present study reveals the synergistic role of K and Mel in enhancing physiological and biochemical mechanisms of Cd stress tolerance in tomato seedlings. The present findings reveal that seedlings subjected to Cd toxicity exhibited disturbed nutrients balance [nitrogen (N) and potassium (K)], chlorophyll (Chl) biosynthesis [reduced δ-aminolevulinic acid (δ-ALA) content and δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (δ-ALAD) activity], pathway of carbon fixation [reduced fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (FBPase) and sedoheptulose-1,7- bisphosphatase (SBPase) activity] and photosynthesis process in tomato seedlings. However, exogenous application of K and Mel alone as well as together improved physiological and biochemical mechanisms in tomato seedlings, but their combined application proved best by efficiently improving nutrient uptake, photosynthetic pigments biosynthesis (increased Chl a and b, and Total Chl), carbon flow in Calvin cycle, activity of Rubisco, carbonic anhydrase activity, and accumulation of total soluble carbohydrates content in seedlings under Cd toxicity. Furthermore, the combined treatment of K and Mel suppressed overproduction of reactive oxygen species (hydrogen peroxide and superoxide), Chl degradation [reduced chlorophyllase (Chlase) activity] and methylglyoxal content in Cd-stressed tomato seedlings by upregulating glyoxalase (increased glyoxalase I and glyoxalase II activity) and antioxidant systems (increased ascorbate-glutathione metabolism). Thus, the present study provides stronger evidence that the co-application of K and Mel exhibited synergistic roles in mitigating the toxic effect of Cd stress by increasing glyoxalase and antioxidant systems and also by improving photosynthetic efficiency in tomato seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 742213, India
| | - Ritesh Kumar
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Saleh Alansi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology University of Education, Lahore
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Departemnet of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan
| | - Ali Raza
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular and Cell Biology, Oil Crops Research Institute, Center of Legume Crop Genetics and Systems Biology/College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University (FAFU), Fuzhou, 350002, China
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Urmi TA, Rahman MM, Islam MM, Islam MA, Jahan NA, Mia MAB, Akhter S, Siddiqui MH, Kalaji HM. Integrated Nutrient Management for Rice Yield, Soil Fertility, and Carbon Sequestration. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11010138. [PMID: 35009141 PMCID: PMC8747502 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Reliance on inorganic fertilizers with less or no use of organic fertilizers has impaired the productivity of soils worldwide. Therefore, the present study was conducted to quantify the effects of integrated nutrient management on rice yield, nutrient use efficiency, soil fertility, and carbon (C) sequestration in cultivated land. The experiment was designed with seven treatments comprising of a zero input control, recommended inorganic fertilizers (RD), poultry manure (PM) (5 t ha-1) + 50% RD, PM (2.5 t ha-1) + 75% RD, vermicompost (VC) (5 t ha-1) + 50% RD, VC (2.5 t ha-1) + 75% RD, and farmers' practice (FP) with three replications that were laid out in a randomized complete block design. The highest grain yield (6.16-6.27 t ha-1) was attained when VC and PM were applied at the rate of 2.5 t ha-1 along with 75% RD. Uptake of nutrients and their subsequent use efficiencies appeared higher and satisfactory from the combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers. The addition of organic fertilizer significantly influenced the organic carbon, total carbon, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, soil pH, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium, and magnesium contents in post-harvest soil, which indicated enhancement of soil fertility. The maximum value of the organic carbon stock (18.70 t ha-1), total carbon stock (20.81 t ha-1), and organic carbon sequestration (1.75 t ha-1) was observed in poultry manure at the rate of 5 t ha-1 with 50% RD. The soil bulk density decreased slightly more than that of the control, which indicated the improvement of the physical properties of soil using organic manures. Therefore, regular nourishment of soil with organic and inorganic fertilizers might help rejuvenate the soils and ensure agricultural sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmina Akter Urmi
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh; (T.A.U.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Md. Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh; (T.A.U.); (M.M.R.)
| | - Md. Moshiul Islam
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +88-01712132019
| | - Md. Ariful Islam
- Department of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; (M.A.I.); (N.A.J.)
| | - Nilufar Akhtar Jahan
- Department of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh; (M.A.I.); (N.A.J.)
| | - Md. Abdul Baset Mia
- Department of Crop Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh;
| | - Sohela Akhter
- Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh;
| | - Manzer H. Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
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Alamri S, Siddiqui MH, Mukherjee S, Kumar R, Kalaji HM, Irfan M, Minkina T, Rajput VD. Molybdenum-induced endogenous nitric oxide (NO) signaling coordinately enhances resilience through chlorophyll metabolism, osmolyte accumulation and antioxidant system in arsenate stressed-wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. Environ Pollut 2022; 292:118268. [PMID: 34610411 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There is little information available to decipher the interaction between molybdenum (Mo) and nitric oxide (NO) in mitigating arsenic (AsV) stress in plants. The present work highlights the associative role of exogenous Mo and endogenous NO signaling in regulating AsV tolerance in wheat seedlings. Application of Mo (1 μM) on 25-day-old wheat seedlings grown in the presence (5 μM) or absence of AsV stress caused improvement of photosynthetic pigment metabolism, reduction of electrolytic leakage and reactive oxygen species (ROS), and higher accumulation of osmolytes (proline and total soluble sugars). The molybdenum treatment upregulated antioxidative enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase. In addition, the accumulation of nonenzymatic antioxidants (ascorbate and glutathione) was correlated with an increase in ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activity. The application of cPTIO (endogenous NO scavenger; 100 μM) reversed the Mo-mediated effects, thus indicating that endogenous NO may accompany Mo-induced mitigation of AsV stress. Mo treatment stimulated the accumulation of endogenous NO in the presence of AsV stress. Thus, it is evident that Mo and NO-mediated AsV stress tolerance in wheat seedlings are primarily operative through chlorophyll restoration, osmolytes accumulation, reduced electrolytic leakage, and ROS homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 742213, India
| | - Ritesh Kumar
- Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mohammad Irfan
- Plant Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
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Janeeshma E, Puthur JT, Wróbel J, Kalaji HM. Metabolic alterations elicited by Cd and Zn toxicity in Zea mays with the association of Claroideoglomus claroideum. Ecotoxicology 2022; 31:92-113. [PMID: 34714461 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-021-02492-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) in arable lands exceed the maximum permissible levels due to the excessive use of phosphorus fertilizers and fungicides by farmers. The increasing issues related to the application of agrochemicals have lead to the demand for the implementation of sustainable agricultural approaches. Association of arbuscular mycorrhizae with crop plants is an appropriate strategy due to the potential of these microorganisms to augment the metals tolerance of plants through the immobilization of Cd and Zn in an eco-friendly manner. In the present study, 45 d old Zea mays (var. CoHM6) plants inoculated with AM fungi (Claroideoglomus claroideum) were exposed to 1.95 g Zn Kg-1 soil and 0.45 g Cd Kg-1 soil. The major objective of this study was to determine the metabolic alterations in the leaves and roots of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants exposed to CdCl2 and ZnSO4. Both non AM and AM plants exhibited alterations in the quantity of primary and secondary metabolites on exposure to Zn and Cd toxicity. Moreover, Zn and Cd-induced accumulation of γ-sitosterol reduced the quantity of neophytadiene (a well-known terpenoid) and aided the production of 3-β-acetoxystigmasta-4,6,22-triene in maize leaves. Mycorrhization and heavy metal toxicity induced significant metabolic changes in the roots by producing 4,22-stigmastadiene-3-one, eicosane, 9,19-cyclolanost-24-en-3-ol, pentacosane, oxalic acid, heptadecyl hexyl ester, l-norvaline, and n-(2-methoxyethoxycarbonyl). In addition, the metal-induced variations in leaf and root lignin composition were characterized with the aid of the FTIR technique. Mycorrhization improved the tolerance of maize plants to Cd and Zn toxicity by stabilizing these metal ions in the soil and/or limiting their uptake into the plants, thus ensuring normal metabolic functions of their roots and shoots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edappayil Janeeshma
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C.U. Campus P.O, Kerala, 673635, India
| | - Jos T Puthur
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, C.U. Campus P.O, Kerala, 673635, India.
| | - Jacek Wróbel
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 17 Słowackiego Street, 71-434, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences (ITP), Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
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Balbaa MG, Osman HT, Kandil EE, Javed T, Lamlom SF, Ali HM, Kalaji HM, Wróbel J, Telesiñski A, Brysiewicz A, Ghareeb RY, Abdelsalam NR, Abdelghany AM. Determination of morpho-physiological and yield traits of maize inbred lines ( Zea mays L.) under optimal and drought stress conditions. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:959203. [PMID: 35968146 PMCID: PMC9366912 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.959203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Globally, climate change could hinder future food security that concurrently implies the importance of investigating drought stress and genotype screening under stressed environments. Hence, the current study was performed to screen 45 diverse maize inbred lines for 18 studied traits comprising phenological, physiological, morphological, and yield characters under optimum and water stress conditions for two successive growing seasons (2018 and 2019). The results showed that growing seasons and water regimes significantly influenced (p < 0.01) most of the studied traits, while inbred lines had a significant effect (p < 0.01) on all of the studied traits. The findings also showed a significant increase in all studied characters under normal conditions compared to drought conditions, except chlorophyll content, transpiration rate, and proline content which exhibited higher levels under water stress conditions. Furthermore, the results of the principal component analysis indicated a notable distinction between the performance of the 45 maize inbred lines under normal and drought conditions. In terms of grain yield, the drought tolerance index (DTI) showed that Nub60 (1.56), followed by Nub32 (1.46), Nub66 (1.45), and GZ603 (1.44) were the highest drought-tolerant inbred lines, whereas Nub46 (0.38) was the lowest drought-tolerant inbred line. These drought-tolerant inbred lines were able to maintain a relatively high grain yield under normal and stress conditions, whereas those drought-sensitive inbred lines showed a decline in grain yield when exposed to drought conditions. The hierarchical clustering analysis based on DTI classified the forty-five maize inbred lines and eighteen measured traits into three column- and row-clusters, as inbred lines in cluster-3 followed by those in cluster-2 exhibited greater drought tolerance in most of the studied traits. Utilizing the multi-trait stability index (MTSI) criterion in this study identified nine inbred lines, including GZ603, as stable genotypes in terms of the eighteen studied traits across four environments. The findings of the current investigation motivate plant breeders to explore the genetic potential of the current maize germplasm, especially in water-stressed environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha G. Balbaa
- Maize Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hassan T. Osman
- Maize Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Essam E. Kandil
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sobhi F. Lamlom
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hayssam M. Ali
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
| | - Jacek Wróbel
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiñski
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Adam Brysiewicz
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
| | - Rehab Y. Ghareeb
- Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, The City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nader R. Abdelsalam
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Nader R. Abdelsalam,
| | - Ahmed M. Abdelghany
- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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Athar HUR, Zulfiqar F, Moosa A, Ashraf M, Zafar ZU, Zhang L, Ahmed N, Kalaji HM, Nafees M, Hossain MA, Islam MS, El Sabagh A, Siddique KHM. Salt stress proteins in plants: An overview. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:999058. [PMID: 36589054 PMCID: PMC9800898 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.999058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress is considered the most devastating abiotic stress for crop productivity. Accumulating different types of soluble proteins has evolved as a vital strategy that plays a central regulatory role in the growth and development of plants subjected to salt stress. In the last two decades, efforts have been undertaken to critically examine the genome structure and functions of the transcriptome in plants subjected to salinity stress. Although genomics and transcriptomics studies indicate physiological and biochemical alterations in plants, it do not reflect changes in the amount and type of proteins corresponding to gene expression at the transcriptome level. In addition, proteins are a more reliable determinant of salt tolerance than simple gene expression as they play major roles in shaping physiological traits in salt-tolerant phenotypes. However, little information is available on salt stress-responsive proteins and their possible modes of action in conferring salinity stress tolerance. In addition, a complete proteome profile under normal or stress conditions has not been established yet for any model plant species. Similarly, a complete set of low abundant and key stress regulatory proteins in plants has not been identified. Furthermore, insufficient information on post-translational modifications in salt stress regulatory proteins is available. Therefore, in recent past, studies focused on exploring changes in protein expression under salt stress, which will complement genomic, transcriptomic, and physiological studies in understanding mechanism of salt tolerance in plants. This review focused on recent studies on proteome profiling in plants subjected to salinity stress, and provide synthesis of updated literature about how salinity regulates various salt stress proteins involved in the plant salt tolerance mechanism. This review also highlights the recent reports on regulation of salt stress proteins using transgenic approaches with enhanced salt stress tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib-ur-Rehman Athar
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Faisal Zulfiqar
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Faisal Zulfiqar, ; Kadambot H. M. Siddique,
| | - Anam Moosa
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Ullah Zafar
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Lixin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Nadeem Ahmed
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- Department of Botany, Mohy-ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif, Pakistan
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Muhammad Nafees
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Anwar Hossain
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Sohidul Islam
- Department of Agronomy, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, Bangladesh
| | - Ayman El Sabagh
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Field Crops, Siirt University, Siirt, Türkiye
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt
| | - Kadambot H. M. Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Petrth WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Faisal Zulfiqar, ; Kadambot H. M. Siddique,
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Ramzan M, Ayub F, Shah AA, Naz G, Shah AN, Malik A, Sardar R, Telesiński A, Kalaji HM, Dessoky ES, Elgawad HA. Synergistic Effect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract Alleviates Cadmium Toxicity in Linum usitatissimum: Antioxidants and Physiochemical Studies. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:900347. [PMID: 35982701 PMCID: PMC9380429 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.900347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Among heavy metals, cadmium (Cd) is one of the toxic metals, which significantly reduce the growth of plants even at a low concentration. Cd interacts with various plant mechanisms at the physiological and antioxidant levels, resulting in decreased plant growth. This research was conducted to exploit the potential of synergistic application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and Moringa oleifera leaf extract in mitigation of Cd stress in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) plants. The main aim of this study was to exploit the role of M. oleifera leaf extract and ZnO NPs on Cd-exposed linseed plants. Cd concentrations in the root and shoot of linseed plants decreased after administration of MZnO NPs. Growth parameters of plants, antioxidant system, and physiochemical parameters decreased as the external Cd level increased. The administration of MZnO NPs to the Cd-stressed linseed plant resulted in a significant increase in growth and antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, the antioxidative enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) exhibited a considerable increase in the activity when MZnO NPs were applied to Cd-stressed seedlings. The introduction of MZnO NPs lowered the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the linseed plant grown in Cd-toxic conditions. The NPs decreased electrolyte leakage (EL) in Cd-stressed linseed leaves and roots. It was concluded that synergistic application of ZnO NPs and M. oleifera leaf extract alleviated Cd stress in linseed plants through enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes. It is proposed that role of MZnO NPs may be evaluated for mitigation of numerous abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musarrat Ramzan
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Musarrat Ramzan
| | - Fazila Ayub
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
- Anis Ali Shah
| | - Gul Naz
- Faculty of Science, Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
- Gul Naz
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Punjab, Pakistan
- Adnan Noor Shah
| | - Aqsa Malik
- Department of Botany, University of Narowal, Narowal, Pakistan
| | - Rehana Sardar
- Institute of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arkadiusz Telesiński
- Zachodniopomorski Uniwersytet Technologiczny w Szczecinie, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Science, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Raszyn, Poland
| | | | - Hamada Abd Elgawad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Esmaeilizadeh M, Malekzadeh Shamsabad MR, Roosta HR, Dąbrowski P, Rapacz M, Zieliński A, Wróbel J, Kalaji HM. Manipulation of light spectrum can improve the performance of photosynthetic apparatus of strawberry plants growing under salt and alkalinity stress. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0261585. [PMID: 34941932 PMCID: PMC8699702 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Strawberry is one of the plants sensitive to salt and alkalinity stress. Light quality affects plant growth and metabolic activities. However, there is no clear answer in the literature on how light can improve the performance of the photosynthetic apparatus of this species under salt and alkalinity stress. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of different spectra of supplemental light on strawberry (cv. Camarosa) under salt and alkalinity stress conditions. Light spectra of blue (with peak 460 nm), red (with peak 660 nm), blue/red (1:3), white/yellow (1:1) (400–700 nm) and ambient light were used as control. There were three stress treatments: control (no stress), alkalinity (40 mM NaHCO3), and salinity (80 mM NaCl). Under stress conditions, red and red/blue light had a positive effect on CO2 assimilation. In addition, blue/red light increased intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) under both stress conditions. Salinity and alkalinity stress decreased OJIP curves compared to the control treatment. Blue light caused an increase in its in plants under salinity stress, and red and blue/red light caused an increase in its in plants under alkalinity. Both salt and alkalinity stress caused a significant reduction in photosystem II (PSII) performance indices and quantum yield parameters. Adjustment of light spectra, especially red light, increased these parameters. It can be concluded that the adverse effects of salt and alkalinity stress on photosynthesis can be partially alleviated by changing the light spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Esmaeilizadeh
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Reza Roosta
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, Iran
| | - Piotr Dąbrowski
- Department of Environmental Development, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- * E-mail: (MRMS); (PD)
| | - Marcin Rapacz
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Zieliński
- Department of Plant Breeding, Physiology and Seed Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Wróbel
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Science, Warsaw, Poland
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Bashir N, Athar HUR, Kalaji HM, Wróbel J, Mahmood S, Zafar ZU, Ashraf M. Is Photoprotection of PSII One of the Key Mechanisms for Drought Tolerance in Maize? Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413490. [PMID: 34948287 PMCID: PMC8708075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought is one of the most important abiotic stress factors limiting maize production worldwide. The objective of this study was to investigate whether photoprotection of PSII was associated with the degree of drought tolerance and yield in three maize hybrids (30Y87, 31R88, P3939). To do this, three maize hybrids were subjected to three cycles of drought, and we measured the activities of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI). In a second field experiment, three maize hybrids were subjected to drought by withholding irrigation, and plant water status, yield and yield attributes were measured. Drought stress decreased leaf water potential (ΨL) in three maize hybrids, and this reduction was more pronounced in hybrid P3939 (−40%) compared to that of 30Y87 (−30%). Yield and yield attributes of three maize hybrids were adversely affected by drought. The number of kernels and 100-kernel weight was the highest in maize hybrid 30Y87 (−56%, −6%), whereas these were lowest in hybrid P3939 (−88%, −23%). Drought stress reduced the quantum yield of PSII [Y(II)], photochemical quenching (qP), electron transport rate through PSII [ETR(II)] and NPQ, except in P3939. Among the components of NPQ, drought increased the Y(NPQ) with concomitant decrease in Y(NO) only in P3939, whereas Y(NO) increased in drought-stressed plants of hybrid 30Y87 and 31R88. However, an increase in cyclic electron flow (CEF) around PSI and Y(NPQ) in P3939 might have protected the photosynthetic machinery but it did not translate in yield. However, drought-stressed plants of 30Y87 might have sufficiently downregulated PSII to match the energy consumption in downstream biochemical processes. Thus, changes in PSII and PSI activity and development of NPQ through CEF are physiological mechanisms to protect the photosynthetic apparatus, but an appropriate balance between these physiological processes is required, without which plant productivity may decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahidah Bashir
- Department of Botany, The Women University, Multan 66000, Pakistan
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (H.-u.-R.A.); (S.M.); (Z.U.Z.)
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (H.M.K.); Tel.: +48-664943484 (H.M.K.)
| | - Habib-ur-Rehman Athar
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (H.-u.-R.A.); (S.M.); (Z.U.Z.)
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, University of Life Sciences SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
- Correspondence: (N.B.); (H.M.K.); Tel.: +48-664943484 (H.M.K.)
| | - Jacek Wróbel
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Słowackiego 17, 71-434 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Seema Mahmood
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (H.-u.-R.A.); (S.M.); (Z.U.Z.)
| | - Zafar Ullah Zafar
- Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan; (H.-u.-R.A.); (S.M.); (Z.U.Z.)
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
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Sameena PP, Kalaji HM, Żuk-Gołaszewska K, Horaczek T, Sierka E, Puthur JT. 6-Benzylaminopurine Alleviates the Impact of Cu 2+ Toxicity on Photosynthetic Performance of Ricinus communis L. Seedlings. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413349. [PMID: 34948146 PMCID: PMC8709281 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential element involved in various metabolic processes in plants, but at concentrations above the threshold level, it becomes a potential stress factor. The effects of two different cytokinins, kinetin (KIN) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), on chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters, stomatal responses and antioxidation mechanisms in castor (Ricinus communis L.) under Cu2+ toxicity was investigated. Ricinus communis plants were exposed to 80 and 160 μM CuSO4 added to the growth medium. Foliar spraying of 15 μM KIN and BAP was carried out on these seedlings. The application of these cytokinins enhanced the tissue water status, chlorophyll contents, stomatal opening and photosynthetic efficiency in the castor plants subjected to Cu2+ stress. The fluorescence parameters, such as Fm, Fv/Fo, Sm, photochemical and non-photochemical quantum yields, energy absorbed, energy trapped and electron transport per cross-sections, were more efficiently modulated by BAP application than KIN under Cu2+ toxicity. There was also effective alleviation of reactive oxygen species by enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidation systems, reducing the membrane lipid peroxidation, which brought about a relative enhancement in the membrane stability index. Of the various treatments, 80 µM CuSO4 + BAP recorded the highest increase in photosynthetic efficiency compared to other cytokinin treatments. Therefore, it can be concluded that BAP could effectively alleviate the detrimental effects of Cu2+toxicity in cotyledonary leaves of R. communis by effectively modulating stomatal responses and antioxidation mechanisms, thereby enhancing the photosynthetic apparatus’ functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puthukkolli P. Sameena
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Calicut University P.O., Malappuram 673635, Kerala, India;
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Krystyna Żuk-Gołaszewska
- Department of Agrotechnology and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Oczapowskiego 8, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Horaczek
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland;
| | - Edyta Sierka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellonska, 40-032 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Jos T. Puthur
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Calicut University P.O., Malappuram 673635, Kerala, India;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-94-4750-7845
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Wang H, Yao Q, Guo Y, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Strasser RJ, Valverde BE, Chen S, Qiang S, Kalaji HM. Structure-based ligand design and discovery of novel tenuazonic acid derivatives with high herbicidal activity. J Adv Res 2021; 40:29-44. [PMID: 36100332 PMCID: PMC9481958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The model of lead molecule TeA binding to the QB site in Arabidopsis D1 protein was constructed. A series of new derivatives were designed and docked to the QB site of by molecular simulations. Derivatives D6, D13 and D27 with better affinities than TeA were screened out and synthesized. D6 and D13 are promising compounds to develop new PSII herbicides with superior performance. Model-based ligand design is a valuable tool to find new PSII inhibitors based on lead molecule TeA.
Introduction Objectives Methods Results Conclusion
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Siddiqui MH, Alamri S, Mukherjee S, Al-Amri AA, Alsubaie QD, Al-Munqedhi BMA, Ali HM, Kalaji HM, Fahad S, Rajput VD, Narayan OP. Molybdenum and hydrogen sulfide synergistically mitigate arsenic toxicity by modulating defense system, nitrogen and cysteine assimilation in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seedlings. Environ Pollut 2021; 290:117953. [PMID: 34438168 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has emerged as a potential gasotransmitter in plants with a beneficial role in stress amelioration. Despite the various known functions of H2S in plants, not much information is available to explain the associative role of molybdenum (Mo) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) signaling in plants under arsenic toxicity. In view to address such lacunae in our understanding of the integrative roles of these biomolecules, the present work attempts to decipher the roles of Mo and H2S in mitigation of arsenate (AsV) toxicity in faba bean (Vicia faba L.) seedlings. AsV-stressed seedlings supplemented with exogenous Mo and/or NaHS treatments (H2S donor) showed resilience to AsV toxicity manifested by reduction of apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, down-regulation of NADPH oxidase and GOase activity followed by upregulation of antioxidative enzymes in leaves. Fluorescent localization of ROS in roots reveals changes in its intensity and spatial distribution in response to MO and NaHS supplementation during AsV stress. Under AsV toxicity conditions, seedlings subjected to Mo + NaHS showed an increased rate of nitrogen metabolism evident by elevation in nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase and glutamine synthetase activity. Furthermore, the application of Mo and NaHS in combination positively upregulates cysteine and hydrogen sulfide biosynthesis in the absence and presence of AsV stress. Mo plus NaHS-supplemented seedlings exposed to AsV toxicity showed a substantial reduction in oxidative stress manifested by reduced ELKG, lowered MDA content and higher accumulation of proline in leaves. Taken together, the present findings provide substantial evidence on the synergetic role of Mo and H2S in mitigating AsV stress in faba bean seedlings. Thus, the application of Mo and NaHS reveals their agronomic importance to encounter heavy metal stress for management of various food crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manzer H Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saud Alamri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur College, University of Kalyani, West Bengal, 742213, India
| | - Abdullah A Al-Amri
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qasi D Alsubaie
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bander M A Al-Munqedhi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayssam M Ali
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 2455, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 159 Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland; Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Shah Fahad
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical, Bio Resource, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China; Department of Agronomy, The University of Haripur, Haripur, 22620, Pakistan
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
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Mumivand H, Khanizadeh P, Morshedloo MR, Sierka E, Żuk-Gołaszewska K, Horaczek T, Kalaji HM. Improvement of Growth, Yield, Seed Production and Phytochemical Properties of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad by Foliar Application of Boron and Zinc. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10112469. [PMID: 34834832 PMCID: PMC8620972 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad is a valuable and endemic medicinal plant. Boron and zinc are essential elements for the vegetative and reproductive growth of plants and have significant effects on yield, essential oil composition and the seed production of plants. To investigate the effects of the foliar application of zinc and boron on the growth, yield, seed production and phytochemical properties of S. khuzistanica, a study was conducted in a factorial experiment with three replicates in two consecutive years based on a randomized complete block design. The foliar application of boron (B) at three concentrations (control or distilled water, 0.4% and 0.8% as H3BO3) and zinc (Zn) at three concentrations (control or distilled water, 0.3% and 0.6% as ZnSO4) was carried out. Our results showed that the foliar application of B resulted in a significant increase in the fresh and dry weights of plants, the dry weight of stems, drug yield, seed yield, seed germination and 1000-seed weight. At the same time, the application of B resulted in a significant decrease in seed emptiness. The fresh and dry weights of plants, drug yield, seed yield, 1000-seed weight and seed germination were also significantly improved by Zn foliar spraying compared to the control. Application of 0.8% B resulted in a significant decrease in seed emptiness by 14.16% and 22.37%, as compared to the control. The foliar spraying of B and Zn improved the total phenolic content, the essential oil content and the yield and antioxidant activity of S. khuzistanica. Moreover, B application generally concentrated more carvacrol in the essential oil (in the first experimental year). In contrast, no significant differences were observed between Zn treatments in carvacrol content and total flavonoids. The use of several microelements, such as B and Zn, could improve both the quantity and quality of S. khuzistanica. Additionally, improvement of seed set and seed quality by the foliar spraying of Zn and B may be useful for growing plants in arid and semi-arid areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Mumivand
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 68151-44316, Iran;
| | - Parisa Khanizadeh
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Lorestan University, Khorramabad 68151-44316, Iran;
| | - Mohammad Reza Morshedloo
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 83111-55181, Iran;
| | - Edyta Sierka
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, 28 Jagiellonska, 40-032 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Krystyna Żuk-Gołaszewska
- Department of Agrotechnology and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 8, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
| | - Tomasz Horaczek
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland; (T.H.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences—National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland; (T.H.); (H.M.K.)
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
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Bożek KS, Żuk-Gołaszewska K, Bochenek A, Gołaszewski J, Kalaji HM. Modelling the growth, development and yield of Triticum durum Desf under the changes of climatic conditions in north-eastern Europe. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21753. [PMID: 34741106 PMCID: PMC8571285 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01273-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
How agricultural ecosystems adapt to climate change is one of the most important issues facing agronomists at the turn of the century. Understanding agricultural ecosystem responses requires assessing the relative shift in climatic constraints on crop production at regional scales such as the temperate zone. In this work we propose an approach to modeling the growth, development and yield of Triticum durum Desf. under the climatic conditions of north-eastern Poland. The model implements 13 non-measurable parameters, including climate conditions, agronomic factors, physiological processes, biophysical parameters, yield components and biological yield (latent variables), which are described by 33 measurable predictors as well as grain and straw yield (manifest variables). The agronomic factors latent variable was correlated with nitrogen fertilization and sowing density, and biological yield was correlated with grain yield and straw yield. An analysis of the model parameters revealed that a one unit increase in agronomic factors increased biological yield by 0.575. In turn, biological yield was most effectively determined by climate conditions (score of 60–62) and biophysical parameters (score of 60–67) in the 2nd node detectable stage and at the end of heading. The modeled configuration of latent and manifest variables was responsible for less than 70% of potential biological yield, which indicates that the growth and development of durum wheat in north-eastern Europe can be further optimized to achieve high and stable yields. The proposed model accounts for local climate conditions and physiological processes in plants, and it can be implemented to optimize agronomic practices in the cultivation of durum wheat and, consequently, to expand the area under T. durum to regions with a temperate climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila S Bożek
- Department of Agrotechnology and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Oczapowskiego 8, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Krystyna Żuk-Gołaszewska
- Department of Agrotechnology and Agribusiness, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Oczapowskiego 8, 10-719, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Bochenek
- Center for Bioeconomy and Renewable Energies, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Łódzki 3, 10-727, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Janusz Gołaszewski
- Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Pl. Łódzki 3, 10-724, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw, University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
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Ambreen S, Athar HUR, Khan A, Zafar ZU, Ayyaz A, Kalaji HM. Seed priming with proline improved photosystem II efficiency and growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). BMC Plant Biol 2021; 21:502. [PMID: 34717538 PMCID: PMC8557069 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proline can promote growth of plants by increasing photosynthetic activity under both non-stress and abiotic stress conditions. However, its role in non-stressed conditions is least studied. An experiment was conducted to assess as to whether increase in growth of wheat due to seed priming with proline under non-stress condition was associated with proline-induced changes in photosystem II (PSII) activity. Seeds of four wheat varieties (S-24, Sehar-06, Galaxy-13, and Pasban-90) were primed with different concentrations of proline (0, 5, 15 and 25 mM) for 12 h and allowed to grow under normal conditions. Biomass accumulation and photosynthetic performance, being two most sensitive features/indicators of plant growth, were selected to monitor proline modulated changes. RESULTS Seed priming with proline increased the fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots, and plant height of all four wheat varieties. Maximum increase in growth attributes was observed in all four wheat varieties at 15 mM proline. Maximum growth improvement due to proline was found in var. Galaxy-13, whereas the reverse was true for S-24. Moreover, proline treatment changed the Fo, Fm, Fv/Fo, PIABS, PITot in wheat varieties indicating changes in PSII activity. Proline induced changes in energy fluxes for absorption, trapping, electron transport and heat dissipation per reaction center indicated that var. Galaxy-13 had better ability to process absorbed light energy through photosynthetic machinery. Moreover, lesser PSII efficiency in var. S-24 was due to lower energy flux for electron transport and greater energy flux for heat dissipation. This was further supported by the fact that var. S-24 had disturbance at acceptor side of PSI as reflected by reduction in ΔVIP, probability and energy flux for electron transport at the PSI end electron acceptors. CONCLUSION Seed priming with proline improved the growth of wheat varieties, which depends on type of variety and concentration of proline applied. Seed priming with proline significantly changed the PSII activity in wheat varieties, however, its translation in growth improvement depends on potential of processing of absorbed light energy by electron acceptors of electron transport chain, particularly those present at PSI end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ambreen
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
| | | | - Ameer Khan
- Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, 54770, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Ullah Zafar
- Department of Botany, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Ahsan Ayyaz
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hazem M Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, University of Life Sciences SGGW, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences - National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090, Raszyn, Poland
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Youssef MA, Yousef AF, Ali MM, Ahmed AI, Lamlom SF, Strobel WR, Kalaji HM. Exogenously applied nitrogenous fertilizers and effective microorganisms improve plant growth of stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) and soil fertility. AMB Express 2021; 11:133. [PMID: 34580766 PMCID: PMC8476676 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-021-01292-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of different fertilizers and biofertilizers on crop production to increase plant growth, improve quality and yield components (dry leaves yield, leaf protein, and stevioside) of crops has been extensively studied. However, the combination of both types of fertilizers have rarely been investigated. To explore the effect of different fertilizers and biofertilizers on stevia plant, a two-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the growth response of stevia plants under the influence of nitrogenous fertilizers (NFs) and effective microorganisms (EM). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design, with EM as the main plot factor (−EM and +EM) and NFs as the subplot factor [control, chemical NFs (Ch-N) and organic NFs (Org-N)]. The results showed that, plants treated with EM and Org-N showed 2-, 2.2-, 2.4-, 2.5-, 3.3- and 3-fold increases in plant height, number of branches, total leaf area, plant fresh weight, plant dry weight and leaf dry yield, respectively, compared to untreated plants. Similarly, plants receiving EM along with Ch-N showed 1.86-, 1.7-, 2.2-, 2.12-, 3-, and 2.72-fold increases in the same traits. Total chlorophyll, protein, N, P, K and sativoside contents were increased by 88.8, 152, 138, 151.5, 43 and 137.5% when EM and Org-N were applied to stevia plants. Application of EM together with Ch-N increased these properties by 0.5, 127.7, 115, 216, 42.6 and 83.8%, respectively in the same traits. Overall, the combined application of NFs and EM improved growth, yield and nutrient accumulation in stevia plants.
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Elmardy NA, Yousef AF, Lin K, Zhang X, Ali MM, Lamlom SF, Kalaji HM, Kowalczyk K, Xu Y. Photosynthetic performance of rocket (Eruca sativa. Mill.) grown under different regimes of light intensity, quality, and photoperiod. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257745. [PMID: 34570827 PMCID: PMC8476030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, much effort has been devoted to understanding the response of plants to various light sources, largely due to advances in industry light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In this study, the effect of different light modes on rocket (Eruca sativa. Mill.) photosynthetic performance and other physiological traits was evaluated using an orthogonal design based on a combination between light intensity, quality, and photoperiod factors. Some morphological and biochemical parameters and photosynthetic efficiency of the plants were analyzed. Plants grew in a closed chamber where three light intensities (160, 190, and 220 μmol m-2 s-1) provided by LEDs with a combination of different ratios of red, green, and blue (R:G:B- 7:0:3, 3:0:7, and 5:2:3) and three different photoperiods (light/dark -10/14 h, 12/12 h, and 14/10 h) were used and compared with white fluorescent light (control). This experimental setup allowed us to study the effect of 9 light modes (LM) compared to white light. The analyzes performed showed that the highest levels of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids occurred under LM4, LM3, and LM1, respectively. Chlorophyll a fluorescence measurement showed that the best effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry Y(II), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), and electron transport ratio (ETR) were obtained under LM2. The data showed that the application of R7:G0:B3 light mode with a shorter photoperiod than 14/10 h (light/dark), regardless of the light intensity used, resulted in a significant increase in growth as well as higher photosynthetic capacity of rocket plants. Since, a clear correlation between the studied traits under the applied light modes was not found, more features should be studied in future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naif Ali Elmardy
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ahmed F. Yousef
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Al-Azhar (Branch Assiut), Assiut, Egypt
| | - Kui Lin
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiwen Zhang
- Institute of Machine Learning and Intelligent Science, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Moaaz Ali
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sobhi F. Lamlom
- Plant Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture Saba Basha, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Falenty, Raszyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kowalczyk
- Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Yong Xu
- Institute of Machine Learning and Intelligent Science, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, China
- College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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